HYGIENE AND COMFORT

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:

1. Definition of terms:
1.Hygiene 2 pts
- Hygiene is the practice of keeping yourself and your surroundings clean, especially in
order to prevent illness or the spread of diseases.
2. Personal hygiene 2 pts
- Personal hygiene is how you care for your body. This practice includes bathing, washing
your hands, brushing your teeth, and more.

2. Explain each of the functions of the skin 10 pts

- Protection – the skin provides protection to the body from mechanical injury, ultraviolet
rays, from disease causing microbes, and prevents desiccation.
- Temperature Regulation – the skin helps in the maintenance of body temperature at a
constant.
- Sensation - Skin is the ‘sense-of-touch’ organ that triggers a response if we touch or feel
something, including things that may cause pain.

3. Identify and define the 2 types of sweat glands 4 pts

- Eccrine glands are found all over the body and secrete a watery product that cools the
skin.
- Apocrine sweat glands are mainly found in the armpits and perianal area, and secrete
a more viscous, odorous product.

4. Identify and explain the factors affecting hygiene 10 pts

 Social Practices Parents perform hygiene for children. Family custom can
determine hygiene habits, such as how often you should bath, and which
hygiene practices should be performed. Involvement with friends and peer
groups helps shape your hygiene practices.
 Personal Preferences
 Patients have their own desires for personal hygiene. For example: Some prefer
showers and other baths. Learn the patient's preferences. You may need to help
the patient learn new hygiene practices if it is indicated for a condition or
illness. --example: proper foot care for diabetes. Always promote patient
independence in decision making.
 Body Image
 Socioeconomic Status A person's resources will affect the type and extent of
hygiene practices used. Some patients may not be able to afford hygiene items
that others would consider basic or necessary. When this is the case, it may be
difficult to take a role in assisting the patient in improving personal hygiene.
5. Identify at least 8 nursing diagnoses that cold be applied to patients in need of
supportive hygiene care 8 pts
6. There are four different hygiene care schedules in acute and long term settings, be able
to provide a description of each 8 pts
7. Identify the 7 types of bath and provide simple descriptions of each 14 pts
8. Explain the 7 purposes of bed bath 14 pts
9. Provide nursing interventions during bed bath 16 pts
10. Provide the chronological order of washing the body parts during bed bath 10 pts
11. Provide the special nursing considerations observed/implemented when bathing client in
bed  4 pts