New Gem's English Coursebook FRANCIS FANTHOME @ DOROTHY FANTHOME PANEL OF EXPERTS M Chunpaasiexan ‘Manas Deo ‘Anuraona Gova. Fr OA Jacos NinataLa Josert Hew KaMpant Vinita Keanna Fr Francis M Peter Divya Ras Rina Sen. Dickens Publishing LtdDickens Publishing Ltd Suite G2, Davina House, 137-149 Goswell Road, London, EC1V 7ET, United Kingdom. E-mail: info@dickenspublishing.co.uk © RATNA SAGAR P. LTD This Edition is for sale in Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia and Thailand, All rights reserved. No Part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, photocopying, mechanical, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of Dickens Publishing Ltd. ISBN 978-1-907580.49.9 First Published 2011, Printed in MalaysiaSS ae a a CONTENTS “Sage 7 Skipping Shoes 2. Butterfly Laughter coy La 3, The Trick that did not Work 14 Ga 4. The Prodigal Son 22 al 5. Curious Town 28 ee 6. The Nightingale 31 7. Dear Daughter 36 9. The Magic Pot 45 10. Lance Armstrong: Symbol of Hope 51 rz 11. Make Room for Elephants 57 ss 12. The Magic Shop 60 = oo a 14. Miss Rottenmeier has a Hard Day 68. 15. The Wind B eat se Rape " mea 17. Buck returns to the Wild 81 : ea 18. Thomas Alva Edison 37 eS 19. Madam Air wants a Change 90 20, Mahatma, the Great Soul 98 Ot ra - = 2. Little Benjamin 107 23, My Mother 114 hal Listening, text for the teacher 117 are =r EEPREFACE ‘The NEW GEM'S ENGLISH COURSEBOOKS incorporate the latest techniques of English Language Teaching (£11). Some features of the series are as follows. * The reading material includes extracts from classics and lessons on contemporary themes that deal with issues related to the everyday lives of students. * The series facilitates the acquisition of language structure through the three main techniques of Unoerstaxonsc, Prooucnon and CovnantcaTiOn. The content gives access to reading text for personal enjoyment, aesthetic appreciation and critical analysis, * The text, both prose and poetry, covers diverse themes like adventure, humour, nature, current global issues, science, sports, mystery, folklore, fiction, myths and legends. Contemporary, authentic situational texts, biographies and travelogues provide opportunities to revisit some subjects, themes and characters. * The exercises and activities deal with the creative and the technical aspect of Janguage, and encourage an unrestricted flow of ideas that will go a long way in igniting a keen interest for literature. * The Connssension section will help students analyse a text consciously and strategically, thus promoting active and critical reading skills. The questions are designed to develop thinking skills like analysing, reasoning, comprehending, sequencing and evaluating. * The Vocanaay section will increase the students’ interest in the English language and literature and enable them to enrich their vocabulary. * The Grasoiak section presents grammar in a structured manner, (albeit based on the deductive approach). Important grammar concepts are graded systematically and explained with examples, followed by exercises. * The Lene and Srevune sections offer a wide range of tasks based on real-life situations to enable students to interact confidently in English. * The Wimc section has numerous exercises in functional and imaginative writing. Plenty of scaffolding given in the writing tasks to develop confidence in students and to make the tasks less daunting.SKIPPINCTSHOES Kitty does not like to help others. Can anyone help her to mend her selfish ways? Read this enchanting fairy tale by the American author Louisa May Alcott (best known for the classic Little Women) and find out what happens when Kitty finds herself wearing a pair of magical shoes . . . Once there was a girl, named Kitty, who as I get home,” said Kitty to herself, as did not want to do what people asked _she took the letters. her to. Instead, she grumbled, Soon, she came to a bridge where “[ won't” and “I can’t.” she wanted to stop and watch a boat, One day, she was given a pair of forgetting school and her father’s letters. shiny new shoes and barely had Kitty But the shoes went on walking although put them on when her mother called, “Kitty, run and tell the cook to make a pie for dinner.” “T don’t want to,” whined Kitty as usual, but the shoes gave one jump, and swept her downstairs into the kitchen. Breathless, she gave the message and stared at the shoes, their bright buttons seeming to wink at her. Just then, her father said, “Kitty, go to the post office before school and get my letters.” “T can’t,” started Kitty, but away went the shoes, trotting quickly down the gumoies street. “I'll take these ‘complained horrid shoes off as soonKitty held on to the railing as hard as she could! Finally, she gave whisked her off took her away suddenly cytes light and up and found herself elcate steps heute Walking swiftly home. put under 2 Back home, Kitty mage spel found that as hard as eer fhed off” she tried, the shoes just teed wouldn’t come off! Piers “Time for school!” Small jobs malls called Mamma from especialy upstairs. ing thn cectaee Before she could say “1 rotted aay: i walked awey' won't!” the magic shoes quickly whisked her off to school. At break time, a girl knocked down the house of corn-cobs she had built, and made her angry. “Now, I'll kick yours down, Dolly.” Up went her foot, but it didn’t come down; it stayed in the air as if she were going to dance. The children laughed and finally she said to Dolly, “Never mind, I'll forgive you.” Then the foot went down, and Kitty understood how the shoes worked. They were cooperative when she was kind and good, but stubborn when she wanted to be naughty. To check this, when one of the boys’ ball bounced over the hedge, she said kindly, “Perhaps I can get it for you, Willy.” The shoes lightly lifted her over the high hedge. “How could you do it?” cried the surprised boys. Kitty laughed, and began to dance, pleased that there was a good side to the shoes after all. She twirled and twisted with pretty airy bounds, her feet bewitched. The girls were charmed, and tried to imitate her, but no one could, and she danced till the bell rang. When Kitty reached home, her sister said, “Run and pick some strawberries for lunch.” “I'm too tired . ..” But the shoes landed her in the middle of the strawberry bed with one jump. Once the dish was filled, Kitty wanted to stay and eat a few strawberries but she was zipped away into the dining room. “It’s delightful to have a quick errand gitl,” said her mother. “Will you carry a few bundles to some poor people later?” “Must I?” sighed Kitty, while the shoes tapped under the table, reminding her that she must, whether she liked it or not. “It would be kind, but you may do as you choose,” replied Mamma. Kitty sat very still. She was deciding whether she would go pleasantly or be whisked about against her will. She finally said cheerfully, “I'll go, Mamma, and later, may I come back through Fairyland — the place where tall ferns grow in the forest?” Permission was happily granted and Kitty trotted away with a basket in one hand, a bundle in the other. Once she had given the sick baby some clothes,the lame girl books and the old woman money, she felt happy, as people always do when they do kind things. Kitty soon reached Fairyland, which was filled with wood flowers. Kitty wished to rest her aching feet and immediately, her feet folded under her, and she sat on a cushion of moss. Then, with a thud, a large black cricket landed beside her, staring at her curiously. “Hello! Are you related to my cousin Grasshopper? You took such long leaps just like him,” croaked the cricket. “I'm not a grasshopper, but I have on magical shoes today,” answered Kitty, surprised that she adeanmere) understood what the icv: nderstoo 24 june, 9 cricket said. day associated “Oh! It’s midsummer’s —“fappertnar day, and fairies play pranks today,” he said. “The magic will stay till sunset and then the fun will be over. Because of the shoes, you can understand me and also those squirrels, frogs and butterflies.” Sure enough, Kitty heard all sorts of voices singing and laughing, and she understood every word! She talked and played with the squirrels and butterfliesuntil teatime. Just as the waltzed: danced clock struck four, away ae went the shoes over the ‘quickly pool, the hill and the road, till Kitty reached home. “The sun will soon set, I must skip while I can,” thought Kitty once tea was done. She waltzed around the lawn so prettily that her mother exclaimed, “She shall go to dancing school!” Kitty skipped on, hoping to learn some graceful steps before the day was done. Finally, her mother called, “Stop now, dear, and run up to bed!” a Read and Write A. Answer these questions. “A few minutes more,” began Kitty, but was off like a flash into the bedroom. Soon, the sun was gone and the shoes became common ones, for midsummer’s day was over. Kitty never forgot the lessons she had learned, She ran errands willingly, remembered the pretty steps and often thought of the interesting creatures in Fairyland. Whenever she was allowed to play with them, she hurried away quickly as if she still wore the magic skipping shoes. 1. What kind of a person was Kitty at the beginning of the story? 2. Describe the first thing that happened after Kitty put on her new shoes. 3. What did Kitty's father ask her to do? Did Kitty complete the task willingly? 4, What happened at break time that made Kitty angry? 5. Why did Kitty offer to get Willy’s ball? 6. How did Kitty charm all the girls? 7. How did Kitty feel after she delivered the bundles to the poor? Why? 8. What did the cricket tell Kitty about her shoes? B. Read these lines from the story and answer the questions. 1, “It would be kind, but you may do as you choose,” replied Mamma. a. What was Kitty's reply to her mother’s words? b. Why do you think Kitty gave the answer that she did? kitty never forgot the lessons she had learned. a. What were the lessons that Kitty learned? b. Do you think the shoes helped her become a better person? Why?EF vay with Words && C. Match these words from the story with their meanings. 1. whined a. naughty tricks 2. trotting b. refusing to agree or give in 3. stubborn «. under a magic spell 4, bewitched 4. spoke in a complaining voice 5. pranks fe. moving at a quick, even pace D. Words like complained, grumbled and exclaimed show the feelings of the speakers. Choose suitable words from the box to complete these sentences. whined exclaimed ordered told requested “What a beautiful day!” Zia “Fetch me a glass of water,” Atul “Please, could you make me a cup of tea?” Lata’s aunt “| will be back late today,” Rohan’s mother —____ him. ype Ne “| don’t want to go to bed,” the little girl %. Grammar Fun ‘A group of words that makes complete sense is called a sentence. ‘A sentence that tells us something is called a statement. It ends with a full stop. This is my home. (statement) A sentence that asks something is called a question. It ends with a question mark. Is this your home? (question) A sentence that gives a command or makes a request is called an imperative. Take me home. (imperative) ‘An exclamatory sentence expresses a sudden or strong feeling like surprise or sadness. It ends with an exclamation mark. What a lovely home! (exclamation) REMEMBER: A sentence must always have a verb. 9E. Read these sentences. Tick (W) the correct options within the brackets. 1. | wish | could travel all over the world! (question/exclamation) 2. Look what I have made for you. (statement/imperative) 3. | hope you are going to the library. (question/statement) 4, Don’t be late getting home tonight. (statement/imperative) 5. Isn’t it your turn to walk the dog? (question/statement) F. Read these statements and write suitable questions for them in your notebook. 1. Kitty understood how the shoes worked. 4. Soma left at five o'clock. 2. Jane and Jim are going to the circus. 5. This is Ravi’s dog. 3. All has a pen in his pocket. 6. Last night we went out for dinner. &£ Listen and Speak % G. Your teacher will read out some sentences. Write True or False against the correct sentence numbers. L 3. 5. : |. H. Pretend that you and your partner are strangers meeting for the first time. Using polite questions and answers, find out at least five things about each other. You may begin like this. You: Hello, My name is Sam. What is your name? PARTNER: Nice to meet you, Sam. | am Maya. How old are you, Sam? z&. Writing Fun |. Complete these sentences about the story in your own words. 1. Kitty was a little girl who 2. On her way to the post office, Kitty 3. Kitty realised that the shoes were cooperative 4, Kitty told the cricket that Ss. Kitty never forgot Listening text for the teacher on page 117 10BUMMER FEY EAUCHMER In the middle of our porridge plates There was a blue butterfly painted ‘And each morning we tried who should reach the butterfly first. Then the Grandmother said, “Do not eat the poor butterfly.” That made us laugh. Always she said it and always it started us laughing. It seemed such a sweet little joke. I was certain that one fine morning The butterfly would fly out of our plates, Laughing the teeniest laugh in the world, And perch on the Grandmother's lap. Katherine Mansfield 11& Word Wise 4%. started us laughing: made us laugh teeniest: smallest perch: sit a Read and Write A. Tick (¥) the correct meanings of these lines. 1. ‘And each morning we tried who should reach the butterfly first’ a. The children tried to catch the butterfly on their porridge bowls. _ b. The children tried to be first to finish their porridge. — 2. Then the Grandmother said, “Do not eat the poor butterfly.” a. The grandmother was afraid the hungry children would eat the butterfly. _ ». The grandmother joked that the hungry children would eat the butterfly. _ 3. ‘Always she said it and always it started us laughing’ a. The children laughed because they thought their grandmother was foolish. __ b. The children laughed because it was a sweet joke between them and their grandmother. —_ 4. | was certain that one fine morning The butterfly would fly out of our plates a. One day the butterfly would fall into their porridge plates. _ b. One day the painted butterfly on the plate would come to life. _ 8. How do you think the poet feels about her grandmother? Give reasons for your answer. (HINT: Does the child enjoy this joke about the butterflies on the plates, or is she annoyed by it?) £ Play with Words &B C. Use these phrases from the poem in sentences of your own. in the middle, each morning, made us laugh, sweet little joke, one fine morning 12D. 1 2. 3. 4 5. When two words are joined together to make a new word, itis called a compound word. butter + fly = butterfly . Match the following to form compound words. Write the new words. . rain a. stood 1 rainbow. . down b. bow 2. child cc. stairs 3. under d. way 4 run e. hood 5. % Grammar Fun Every sentence has two parts. The subject of a sentence tells us about the person, place, animal or thing being spoken about. The predicate tells us something about the subject. Grandmother made us laugh. Here the subject is grandmother and the predicate is made us laugh. sy Circle the subjects and underline the predicates in these sentences. 1. A blue butterfly was painted on the plate. | 3. These mangoes are sour. » FB 1 2 3. 4 5. The sun shone brightly. 4. Some birds have made a nest here. Add suitable predicates to these subjects and make complete sentences. The artist The ladies The students of this school A pair of kittems — @———_—_$_$___———————. The old lady’s garden —————___——— Writing Fun . The poem describes a family ritual — a joke or habit that is much-loved and often repeated between family members. Do you have a family ritual or private joke like this one in your family? Describe it. You may use these suggestions. bedtime — read a story - Mummy hugs me ~ says goodnight ~ | reply . . . 13sul ws athe NOTSWORK A pair of jackals become ministers to the king of the jungle and use trickery to keep him under their control. But they do not realise the power of friendship. This classic tale from the Panchatantra shows how it is sometimes possible to be too clever! Deep inside a dark jungle there lived a lion. He was a big, handsome lion with a golden mane and fiery eyes. His name was Jung and he was the king of the jungle. Like all kings, he too had ministers to whom he listened when he was in a good mood. Jung’s ministers were two jackals Chalu and Golu. The jackals, especially Chalu, were very cunning. They kept the king happy by telling him only what he liked to hear, and they agreed with everything he said. They sang his praises and told him that he was the bravest and the strongest king on earth. Naturally, the king believed that his ministers were faithful and loyal. He thought he was lucky to alee have such wise ministers, an so he looked after them, prod fed them and took them aed along wherever he went. made by a bull The jackals hardly did any work. They did not have to fight their enemies to protect themselves, nor did they have to hunt for food like other animals. They grew fat on whatever Jung killed. Soon they became very arrogant and did not allow any other animal to come near the lion or become friendly with him, One day, Jung was at the river for a drink, when he heard an animal bellow. It was so loud that the whole jungle echoed with the sound and startled the lion. He had never heard anything like it before. In fact, he had rarely heard the call of other animals, since they were all scared of him, and stayed as far away from him as possible. Frightened by the sound, he went rushing back to his den, pale with fear. His ministers were surprised to see the king trembling with fear and wanted to know what had happened. At first Jung would not tell them anything. He was too ashamed to let 14them know that he, the king of the jungle, was afraid of a sound. But, the next day the same thing happened. Then Jung called his ministers and told them that he had decided to leave the jungle and go away. Chalu and Golu were very disappointed to hear this. What would happen to them if the lion went away? They would have to work to find their food and would have to live in fear of the other wild animals. No, they could not let the lion go to another jungle. They begged and pleaded with Jung till he told them that he had been frightened by a terrible sound. It could only belong to a strong beast who feared no one else in the jungle. Hearing this, the two jackals smiled to themselves, for they knew that there could be no animal in the jungle stronger than the lion. They thought that Jung was very foolish. Just because the animal had made a loud noise, it did not mean that it was more powerful than the lion. But they did not say this to the lion. Instead, Chalu said that he would go and find out more about that animal. “What if the beast kills you?” asked Jung. To this Chalu replied craftily, “A faithful servant is not afraid of losing his life in the service of his master.” The king was very pleased with this reply and Chalu, with Golu in tow, went off towards the river. To their surprise, the jackals found that the animal that had frightened the lion was a big bull, who had lost his way in the jungle. Chalu scolded the animal for making so much noise and disturbing, the king of the jungle. The bull became quiet erat: immediately. He told os Chalu that he did not following close behind know his way around, 15and that he was willing to go and tell the king that he was sorry for annoying him. But he first wanted the king to promise not to harm him. The jackals told the bull to wait right there, and off they went to Jung and told him that the creature that was making all the noise was only a bull, But the bull was no ordinary bull. He was a messenger of the gods, and the gods themselves had granted him permission to roam wherever he pleased. “Ah! I should have known,” cried Jung. “It was clear from his loud and fearless bellowing that he had extraordinary powers. What should I do now?” ‘The cunning Chalu replied, “I told conceited: proud the bull that he might be a king anywhere else, but here, only you are the king,” Jung sat up very straight and looked very conceited. Chalu added, “I also told him that if he wants to live in the jungle, he has to come and say sorry to you.” The lion was so pleased by now that he was almost purring like a cat. “And what did the bull have to say to that?” he wanted to know. Chalu replied, “He has agreed to come and bow before you on the condition that you promise not to harm him.” The lion agreed happily. The two jackals looked at each other and smiled. They knew that the lion was now completely in their power and would agree to anything they said, and soon the bull would be in their power too. The trick was to keep the lion scared of the bull, and the bull afraid of the lion. So they went and told the bull that they would take him to the lion. They warned him that the king was very short-temperedand cruel, but that he need not be afraid. “If you do what we say and listen to us always, you will be safe,” they told him and promised to protect him from the lion. The bull was very grateful to the jackals and went with them to the king and bowed low before him. He said to the lion, “I’m sorry for making so much noise and disturbing you.” The lion raised his paw as if to say it was all right. Then he asked the bull to sit beside him and tell him all about himself. The bull sat down, surprised by the lion’s gentleness. He told the king, “I am from a nearby city. I was carrying a load for a merchant to another city through the jungle. On the way I fell down from exhaustion. The merchant, thinking me dead, left me and went away, but I & Read and Write . Answer these questions. . Why did the jackals become arrogant? enone ene Give reasons. revived in a few days. I fed on the green grass of the jungle and became strong and healthy. However, I was very lonely. That is why I was calling out like that,” he ended. The lion by now had taken a great liking to the bull. He told the bull to stay in the jungle and be his friend. “You will never be lonely now,” said the lion. “You must live with me and tell me tales of the city.” So the bull stayed on. He told Jung many stories about distant places and people. The lion became so fond of the bull that he almost forgot his ministers. He had no time for them now. Thus, the jackals realised that those who try to act too clever and fool others end up being fooled themselves. ‘exhaustion: tiredness revived: woke up after fainting . How did the jackals keep the lion happy? . What frightened the lion? What did he decide to do after that? . Why did the jackals want Jung to remain in the jungle? . What did the jackals tell the lion about the bull? . What ‘trick’ did the jackals try to play on the lion and the bull? Why? . Did the jackals’ trick help them or harm them? Explain. . Do you think that an animal that makes a loud noise must be very strong too? 17B. Fill in the blanks with words from the lesson. Jung was the ______ of the ___. Jung was a big, with a______ mane and ___ eyes. His ministers were two They were ___ and ____. The ___ were very cunning. They found that the animal that had frightened their king was a _____. The jackals wanted to keep the ______ scared of the bull, and the _____ afraid of the lion. In the end, the jackals realised that those who try to act too _____ and others, end up being _____ themselves. £ Play with Words && C. Unscramble the words to find the homes of these animals. BEAVER degol lodge CATTLE yerb FOX lia HORSE betsla RABBIT rubwor D. Find words from the lesson which mean the same as the words given below. 1. most powerful _____________| 4, frightened 2. pleaded ——_________ ] _ 5. animal 3. crafty ae 6. proud % Grammar Fun A phrase is a group of words which makes sense but not complete sense. ona Saturday morning in the bag _on the stairs E. Fill in the blanks with phrases from the box. into the cupboard with long hair at the end of the road ‘on this road in the fridge 1. There is a carton of juice 18FE Please put your clothes The traffic is always heavy. The girl is my sister. The house ________is where | live. Words that are added at the end of a sentence and change a statement into a question are called question tags. A comma is always added before a question tag, He was a big lion, wasn’t he? You're not hungry, are you? Fill in the blanks with suitable question tags from the box. did she? don’t you? will you? wasn’t she? isn’t he? | smell something odd, Jane was pleased, . You won't go, Henry is friendly, Meera did not give you the letter, Common nouns are the names for people, animals, places or things of the same kind or class. mouse sister doctor Proper nouns are names of particular places or people. Taj Mahal Bill Gates Use the clues to find common nouns. A e makes breads and cakes. A 1 s sells flowers. > A h sells medicine. Ab e cuts hair. f A writes poetry. An a s paints pictures. 19Peony A h i drives a car, A e cooks at a restaurant. Nouns that stand for one thing, place or person are called singular nouns. Nouns that stand for more than one person, place, animal or thing are called plural nouns, Plurals are often formed by adding s or es. boy - boys boss ~ bosses For words that end with y, the plural words are formed by dropping the y and adding ies. hobby - hobbies cherry - cherries For words that end with f or fe, the plural words are formed by dropping the f or fe and adding ves. leaf - leaves wife - wives Some nouns remain the same in the singular and plural forms. sheep scissors Complete the singular-plural noun, SINGULAR PLURAL SINGULAR PLURAL jeans 5. deer a calf = 6. church — shelf 7. dish penny 8. life Nouns that name a group or class of things, people or animals are called collective nouns. A collective noun is always treated as a singular noun. A swarm of bees has made its home in this tree. The crew saw a pod of dolphins swimming past the ship. Complete the following phrases. Choose from the box. troop pride gaggle school pack bevy a_______ of wolves aa of fish a___ of lions 5a of geese a__ of soldiers 6a girls# Listen and Speak % J. Look at the four pictures given below. Listen to the statements your teacher will read about the girls. Now write the correct names of the girls under the pictures. K. Work with a partner. Pretend you are calling your friend’s house to tell her/him that you would like to borrow a book and want her/him to bring it to school the next day. You may begin like this. You: Hello. May | speak to Alka, please? PARTNER: Alka is not at home right now. May | take a message? you: Yes, Please tell her . . . & Writing Fun L. Use the list given below to write a paragraph on how to make a vegetable sandwich. ‘ two slices of brown bread + tomato slices © butter * cucumber slices © knife # salt # lettuce + pepper You may begin your paragraph like this. In order to make a vegetable sandwich, first put all the ingredients . . . Listening text for the teacher on page 117 21MmHESRRODICACTSON The prodigal son is a famous parable taken from the Bible, Parables are short, simple stories that teach a moral lesson. The Bible has many parables which sum up the teachings of Jesus and the prophets in a way that everyone can understand, Read this heartwarming tale with its message of love and forgiveness .. . Jesus often reminded his Prodigal: wasteful, one followers that God is like who spends too much a loving father, always poate) ready to forgive. He told ve’ them this story. Atich farmer had two 22 sons who worked with him on his farm. One day, the younger son said to his father, “When you die, half of everything you own will be mine. Give it to me now so that I can go off and have a good time.” The father loved his sons and did not like to see either of them unhappy. So he counted his money and gave half of it to his younger son. A few days later, the son packed his belongings and bags of gold. Mounting his horse, he waved goodbye to his father and brother and set off. After travelling for many months he reached a foreign country. Deciding to stay there for a while, he spent some of his gold on a large and splendid house. He spent his gold on clothes for himself and on presents for his new friends, who seemed to like him. He thought that gifts would make them likehim even more. He invited all his new friends to his house for feasts and parties which sometimes went on all night. There was always lots of good food, music and dancing. Spending so freely, his gold was soon gone. In less than two years he had to go to moneylenders for more gold. Soon he had to sell off his house to pay his debts; he had no money and nowhere to live. He asked his friends for help but they just laughed and called him a fool. Unhappy and alone, he tried to earn money to buy food. But there was a drought in the country as it had not rained for months. The crops were burnt by the sun and the people were starving. He searched everywhere for work. ‘At last, a farmer gave him the job of looking after his herd of pigs. The only wage the farmer paid him was a small plate of food every day. Sometimes he was so hungry that he ate the pigs’ food to satisfy his hunger. One day, when he was lying on the hard ground, he thought of his home and his father who loved him. He remembered that his father’s servants lived in comfortable houses and had plenty to eat. “How many of my father’s servants have more than they need,” he said to himself, “while here I am dying of hunger. I will go back to rmoneylenders: my father and say, people who " fend money Father, I am no longer ‘and take back wt worthy to be called your ant son. Let me come home drought: a long period of and be treated as one of ee your servants.’ that causes water The young man stood shortage up and set off for home. It was a very different journey from the one he had made two years before. ‘Although he was dirty, barefoot, and ragged, his father recognised him though he was still a long way off. Overjoyed, the old man ran to meet his son. “Father,” cried the young man, “please forgive me.” The old man threw his arms round his son and kissed him. Then he said to a servant, “Fetch my best robe for him; bring shoes for his feet and a ring for his finger.” To another servant he said, “We must hold a feast to celebrate this great day. For my son was dead and is alive again. He was lost and has been found. Invite all my friends and neighbours so that they may share my joy.” That evening the elder son, who had been working in the fields, came home. He asked a servant why music and song were heard from the house. When he heard that his father was celebrating his 23younger brother’s return, he was very angry. He told the servant to ask his father to come out to him. His father came at once and greeted his son joyfully. “Your brother has come home,” he said. “Come and join the feast.” The elder son replied angrily, “Why should I, Father? I have worked faithfully for you but you have never given me even a young goat so that I could have a party with my friends. 4a Read and Write A. Answer these questions. bitter: full of, a ‘Yet the moment my brother comes home, after wasting your money and making a fool of himself, you invite everyone to a feast. No, I will not come in.” The father felt deeply sorry for this because he understood why his elder son was so bitter and jealous, “My son,” he said gently, “you are always with me and Thave always loved you. But please try to understand how I feel today. You are a good son and I have no reason to fear losing you, like I did in the case of my younger son. He was lost and has been found. I've got a son back and you a brother. Forgive him his foolishness and welcome him back.” The elder brother understood the wisdom of his father’s words. Both father and son embraced each other and went into the house to rejoice. 1. What did the younger son ask of his father? 2. What was the father’s response? 24pre What did the younger son do with all his riches? How did the younger son make friends? Do you think they were true friends? Give reasons for your answer. What did the father do when his son returned? Why did the elder son get angry with his father after his brother came home? Why did he change his mind? “No, | will not come in.” Who said this and to whom? 3. Where had he come from? Why was he angry? | 4, Was he a good son? Number these sentences in the correct order. Spending so freely, his gold was soon gone. One day, he thought of his father who loved him. He gave half of his money to his younger son. A rich farmer had two sons. The younger son said goodbye to his father and brother. In a foreign country, he spent his gold on clothes and presents. Unhappy, he tried to earn money to buy food. ‘The father was overjoyed to see his son. The young man set off for home. He organised a feast to celebrate his son’s return. £ Play with Words && Words that are opposite in meaning are called antonyms. dead - alive spend - save D. Write the antonyms of these words. 1. younger ee 6. dirty 2. lost a 7.deep 9 3. always 8. bitter 4. more 9. foolish 5. gave to. faithful, — 2E. Complete the crossword using the clues. Fr = fs ACROSS M DOWN 1. wealthy FD L 1 2. at ease 3. not the same = 4, happiness 4, filled with envy 5. unclean ‘ U % Grammar Fun F. Choose one word from the box for each group of words. Planets sports tools organs gases 1. nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen 2. Venus, Mars, Earth, Neptune = 3. hammer, axe, spade, saw a 4. ear, nose, eyes, tongue pe 5. cricket, hockey, basketball, football Nouns which can be counted are called countable nouns. These can be singular or plural. book children sister Nouns which cannot be counted are called uncountable nouns. These include things and feelings which cannot be counted. We usually treat them as singular. salt water courage G. Some nouns have been underlined in the following sentences. Write C for countable or U for uncountable. 1. | would like to buy a rose, 2. May | have my tea without milk, please? — 26