1. Illustrate and describe the basic components of a computer system.

Central Processing Unit

Is called "the brain of computer" it controls operation of all parts of computer. It consists of two
components: Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), and Control Unit.
a. Arithmetic Logic Unit
Is responsible for basic operations. All types of processing, such as comparisons, decision-making and
processing of non-numeric information takes place here.
b. Control Unit
this part of CPU extracts instructions, performs execution, maintains, and directs operations of entire
system.
c. Memory Unit
This is unit in which data and instructions given to computer as well as results given by computer are
stored. Unit of memory is "Byte".
Input devices
provide data input to processor such as keyboards, mouse, scanners, cameras, joysticks, and
microphones.
Output devices
Output devices show the results of data processed in a computer. Monitor and printer are two mainly
used output devices examples

References
https://tinyurl.com/5n73s9xz
 2. Describe the four functions that a computer can do namely:

Input → Information or data is entered into a computer is called input.

Processing → It is the sequence of actions taken on data to convert it into information that is
meaningful to the user.

Output → It makes processed data available to the user.

Storage → It stores data and programs.

3. Enumerate the differences and similarities between Random Access memory and Read
Only Memory.

Differences:
ROM is permanent while RAM is temporary.
ROM is non-volatile while RAM is volatile.
ROM doesn’t need electricity while RAM needs it.

Similarities:
Random Access Memory (RAM) and Read Only Memory (ROM) are both types of Primary
Storage devices.

References

https://tinyurl.com/yvmxjt88

4. Describe the parts of the CPU.

Arithmetic Logic Unit

Is responsible for basic operations. All types of processing, such as comparisons, decision-making and
processing of non-numeric information takes place here.
Control Unit

this part of CPU extracts instructions, performs execution, maintains, and directs operations of entire
system.
Registers
one of a small set of data holding places that are part of the computer processor. A register may hold an
instruction, a storage address, or any kind of data (such as a bit sequence or individual characters).

References
https://tinyurl.com/5n73s9xz
 5. Describe the Von Neumann Computer

Von-Neumann proposed his computer architecture design in 1945 which was later known as Von-
Neumann Architecture. It consisted of a Control Unit, Arithmetic, and Logical Memory Unit (ALU),
Registers and Inputs/Outputs.

Von Neumann architecture is based on the stored-program computer concept, where instruction
data and program data are stored in the same memory. This design is still used in most computers
produced today.

A Von Neumann-based computer:

o Uses a single processor
o Uses one memory for both instructions and data.
o Executes programs following the fetch-decode-execute cycle

References

https://tinyurl.com/3tfuv3yf