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2 Steam Boiler
2 Steam Boiler
2 Steam Boiler
Steam
Water Tubes
A number of small-diameter steel tubes
are fitted at an angle of 5 to 15 with
the horizontal to promote the water
circulation. These steel tubes are arrange
in the combustion chamber in a zigzag
way so that more surface area of the
tube is exposed to hot gases
(c) Babcock and Wilcox Boiler
Furnace
The furnace is the place where the fuel
burns. This is situated at the down side
of the water tubes. When the fuel burns,
the flue gases generate. This gases flow
upper side and passes through water
tube, which heat the water and convert
it into steam.
(c) Babcock and Wilcox Boiler
A Babcock and Wilcox boiler fitted with the following
mountings for safe working of the boiler:
Pressure gauge
Water level indicator
Safety valve
Fusible plug
Blow off cock
Steam stop valve
Feed check valve
(c) Babcock and Wilcox Boiler
Working Principle
(c) Babcock and Wilcox Boiler
This boiler is a large sized boiler and cannot be easily transported from one place to the
other. It is very popular boiler to be used in power station. This boiler has the following
important classification:
It is a horizontal boiler Steam generation capacity 40000 Kg/hr
It is a multi tube boiler Working pressure up to 40 bar
It is a water tube boiler Efficiency of boiler 60 to 80%
It is an externally fired boiler Tube inclined at an angle of 15 0C
It is a stationary boiler Drum fitted with water up to ⅔ part
It is a naturally circulated boiler Boiler drum is made of steel
It is a medium/high pressure boiler The Babcock and Wilcox boiler are
generally used to produce high pressure
Diameter of boiler drum : 1.2 to 1.8 m
steam in power generation industries. The
Length of boiler shell : 6 m to 9 m high pressure steam so generated is used
to produce electricity.
(d) Locomotive Boiler
(d) Locomotive Boiler
Construction
Multi tubular barrel containing an envelope of water in
which fire tubes are immersed
Fire box which has flat side. This forms a combined grate
and combustion chamber. Grate is a platform in the
combustion chamber upon which fuel is burnt.
Smoke box equipped with a very short chimney. The coal
introduced into the fire box through the fire hole, is burnt
on the grate which slopes downwards towards the front.
The boiler also provides manhole for cleaning purposes
and a large door for excess to the smoke box and tubes for
cleaning.
(d) Locomotive Boiler
Working Principe
(d) Locomotive Boiler
This boiler has the following important classification:
Application
Locomotive boilers are mostly used in
railways and marines. The efficiency of this
boiler is very less. It cannot work in heavy-
load conditions because this leads to the
overheating of the boiler and finally gets
damage. They are also used in traction
engines, steam rollers, portable steam
engines, and some other steam road
vehicles.
BOILER MOUNTINGS
These are the different fittings and devices necessary for the operation
and safety of a boiler. These devices are usually mounted on the boiler
shell.
Main Boiler Mountings:
1. Water Level Indicator
2. Pressure Gauge
3. Safety Valve
4. Steam Stop Valve
5. Blow Off Cock
6. Feed Check Valve
7. Fusible Plug
Water Level Indicator
Water Level Indicator
-It is a safety device, upon which the correct
working of the boiler depends. It shows the level
of water inside the boiler to an observer.
Super Heater
Economizer
Feed Pump
Air Pre-Heater
Steam Injector
Super Heater
Economizers are
mechanical devices
intended to reduce
energy consumption
or perform a useful
function such as
preheating a fluid. In
basic terms, an
economizer is a heat
exchanger.
Economizer
In the boiler system,
as the flue gas exits the
boiler, it enters an
economizer with finned
tubes. The finned tubes
absorb the heat and
raises the temperature
of the boiler feed
water, lowering the
needed energy input.
Feed Pump
ADVANTAGES: DISADVANTAGES
▪ Low initial cost ▪ Pumping efficiency
is low
▪ Simplicity
▪ Irregularity of
▪ Compactness operation under
▪ Thermal extreme variation in
steam pressure
efficiency very
▪ It cannot force very
high
hot water