Nawppl-Bims-Nppl-000-Yl-Spe-00001-000 - Specification For Pipeline Construction

Contractor: Engineering: Project: Company:
NAWARA PROJECT
(PIPELINE)
Contract n°: OTP/PP/189 OMV/BIMS EPCC PPL

Contractor doc. n°: Engineering doc. n°: Job n°: P13IT02472 Company doc. n°:
NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-SPE-00001 P13IT02472-PPL-SP-000-0001 Sheet: 1 1 of 71 Class: 2 NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-SPE-00001
NAWARA PROJECT (PIPELINE)
SPECIFICATION FOR PIPELINE CONSTRUCTION
000 15/07/2015 Issue for Use/Construction MBO SRI BFU

C02 03/07/2015 Issue for Approval MBO SRI BFU D
C01 07/05/2015 Issue for Review MBO SRI BFU C
Rev. Date REVISION TITLE PREPARED CHECKED APPROVED COMPANY
This document is the property of ETAP & OMV. It shall not be copied, reproduced and circulated without the Authorization of ETAP & OMV.
File name: NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-SPE-00001-000.doc

Contractor doc. n°: Engineering doc. n°: Rev.: C01 C02 000 Company doc. n°:
NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-SPE-00001 P13IT02472-PPL-SP-000-0001 Sheet: 2 of 71 Class: 2 NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-SPE-00001
INDEX
1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 5
1.1 General............................................................................................................................. 5
1.2 Scope of the Document .................................................................................................... 5
1.3 Definitions ......................................................................................................................... 6
1.4 Acronyms and Abbreviations ............................................................................................ 6
1.5 Units of Measurement ....................................................................................................... 7
2 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................ 8
2.1 Applicable Codes and Standards ...................................................................................... 8
2.1.1 International Standards ..................................................................................................... 8
2.1.2 Tunisian Standards ........................................................................................................... 8
2.2 Reference Documents ...................................................................................................... 9
3 HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT (HSE)................................................................... 11
3.1 General........................................................................................................................... 11
3.2 Specific Pipeline Activities .............................................................................................. 11
3.3 HSE Advisor ................................................................................................................... 11
4 QUALITY ASSURANCE – QUALITY CONTROL ................................................................... 12
4.1 Quality Scope ................................................................................................................. 12
4.2 General........................................................................................................................... 12
4.3 Quality Assurance Team................................................................................................. 12
4.4 Personnel ....................................................................................................................... 13
4.5 Organization ................................................................................................................... 13
4.6 Company Inspection ....................................................................................................... 13
5 CONSTRUCTION EXECUTION PLAN .................................................................................. 14
6 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................................ 16
6.1 General........................................................................................................................... 16
6.2 CONTRACTOR’s Equipment .......................................................................................... 16
6.3 Contractor Furnished Materials ....................................................................................... 17
6.4 Calculations and Drawings ............................................................................................. 17
6.5 Engineering Data Books ................................................................................................. 17
6.6 Pipeline Risk Assessment............................................................................................... 17
6.7 Reinstatement Plan ........................................................................................................ 18
7 HANDLING AND STORAGE OF PIPE AND MATERIALS ..................................................... 19
7.1 Pipe Handling Equipment ............................................................................................... 19
7.2 Loading and Hauling ....................................................................................................... 19
7.3 Unloading ....................................................................................................................... 20
7.4 Storage of Pipe ............................................................................................................... 20
7.5 Storage of Material other than Line Pipe ......................................................................... 20
7.6 Line pipes and Material Preservations ............................................................................ 21
8 RIGHT OF WAY .................................................................................................................... 22
8.1 General........................................................................................................................... 22
8.2 Interference with existing Pipelines ................................................................................. 23
9 PRE-CONSTRUCTION SURVEY .......................................................................................... 25
10 TEMPORARY ACCESS AND BY PASS ROADS .................................................................. 27
11 STRINGING........................................................................................................................... 28
12 BENDING OF PIPE ............................................................................................................... 29
12.1 Bending Machines .......................................................................................................... 29
12.2 Pipe Ovality .................................................................................................................... 30

12.3 Bending Inspection ......................................................................................................... 30

12.4 Fitting Bend to Trench .................................................................................................... 30
12.5 Bending Procedure ......................................................................................................... 31
13 EXCAVATION BY BLASTING ............................................................................................... 32
13.1 Blasting Criteria .............................................................................................................. 33
14 TRENCHING ......................................................................................................................... 35
14.1 Trench in Special Location.............................................................................................. 36
14.2 Drainage of the Trench ................................................................................................... 37
14.3 Topsoil or Organic Surface Material Conservation .......................................................... 37
14.4 Spoil Material .................................................................................................................. 37
14.5 Trench Protection ........................................................................................................... 38
15 CROSSINGS ......................................................................................................................... 39
15.1 Oued Crossings .............................................................................................................. 39
15.1.1 Major Oued Crossings ............................................................................................. 39
15.1.2 Minor and Moderate Oued Crossings ...................................................................... 40
15.1.3 Erosion Protection of Oued Banks ........................................................................... 40
15.2 Areas subject to soil erosion ........................................................................................... 40
15.3 Main Road Crossings ..................................................................................................... 41
15.4 Railway Crossing ............................................................................................................ 42
15.5 Trenchless Installation for Crossing ................................................................................ 42
15.6 Track Crossings .............................................................................................................. 42
15.7 Pipeline and Cable Crossings ......................................................................................... 43
15.8 Overhead Power Line Crossing ...................................................................................... 44
15.9 Crossing of Steep Rocky Areas ...................................................................................... 44
16 PIPE LAYING, LINE-UP AND WELDING............................................................................... 46
16.1 Laying ............................................................................................................................. 46
16.2 Cleaning ......................................................................................................................... 46
17 LINE-UP BEVELLING WELDING AND NDT .......................................................................... 47
18 FIELD JOINT COATING ........................................................................................................ 48
18.1 Field Joint Coating .......................................................................................................... 48
18.2 Inspection and Repair Coating ........................................................................................ 48
18.3 Repair of Anticorrosion Coatings .................................................................................... 48
19 TIE-INS.................................................................................................................................. 49
19.1 Pipe String Tie-In ............................................................................................................ 49
19.2 Final Tie-Ins .................................................................................................................... 49
19.3 Protection against Induced Voltage Effects ..................................................................... 50
20 LOWERING-IN ...................................................................................................................... 51
21 BEDDING, PADDING AND BACKFILLING ............................................................................ 53
21.1 Backfilling Procedure ...................................................................................................... 53
21.2 Backfilling Materials ........................................................................................................ 53
21.3 Backfilling in Rocky Area ................................................................................................ 54
21.4 Backfilling at Special Locations ....................................................................................... 55
22 CLEAN UP AND LAND RESTORATION ............................................................................... 56
22.1 Clean Up ........................................................................................................................ 56
22.2 Restoration ..................................................................................................................... 56
22.3 Restoration of Agricultural Areas .................................................................................... 58
23 CATHODIC PROTECTION SYSTEM .................................................................................... 59
24 PIPELINE PRESSURE TEST AND PRE-COMMISSIONING ................................................. 60
25 LINE VALVE AND PIG TRAP STATIONS.............................................................................. 61

25.1 Above Ground Piping ...................................................................................................... 62

25.2 Corrosion Protection of Above Ground Piping ................................................................. 62
25.3 Insulating Joints .............................................................................................................. 62
26 PIPELINE SIGNALLING ........................................................................................................ 64
27 TELECOMMUNICATION CABLE AND FACILITIES .............................................................. 65
28 COMPLETION OF CONSTRUCTION WORK ........................................................................ 66
29 AS-BUILT DOCUMENTS ....................................................................................................... 67
29.1 General........................................................................................................................... 67
29.2 As-Built Requirements .................................................................................................... 67
29.3 As-built Survey ............................................................................................................... 67
29.3.1 General.................................................................................................................... 67
29.3.2 Field Reference Monuments for Topographic Survey .............................................. 67
29.3.3 Tolerances ............................................................................................................... 67
29.4 As-built Drawings ............................................................................................................ 68
29.5 As-Built Report ............................................................................................................... 68
29.6 Delivery of As-Built Documents....................................................................................... 68
30 FINAL DOCUMENTATION .................................................................................................... 70

1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 General
The objective of the Nawara Development Project is to recover the associated and non-
associated gas reserves from the Nawara Concession, separate and pretreat the fluids
from 9 wells, gather them in Central Processing Facility (CPF), convert them into a
commercial condensate and pre-treated gas, export the condensate via a new pipeline into
the existing TRAPSA pipeline, and export the gas via a new pipeline to Gabès. At Gabès,
the gas will be treated in a dedicated Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) extraction facility to
commercial specification required for end user consumption. In Gabès, the gas will be
conditioned in a Gas Treatment PLANT (GTP) into commercial products, and sold to the
end users: STEG and SNDP.
The “NAWARA Project - Pipelines” main characteristics and facilities are as follows:
- A 24” pipeline which will deliver the raw gas from Nawara CPF to a Gas Treatment
Plant (GTP) located at Gabès (L=371km);
- A 6” pipeline which convey to TRAPSA the separate condensate extracted at CPF
(L=12km);
- The export lines for Sales Products for delivery to customers at Gabès selected
custody transfer points. The 20” sales gas is delivered at STEG (L=1 km) while 6”
Propane and 4” Butane are delivered at SNDP (L=1,6 km). The condensate that
may form at GTP is exported by road Tanker.
1.2 Scope of the Document

This Specification establishes the minimum requirements for pipeline construction for the
Project.
The specification forms part of the SOW for construction of the pipeline and shall include
installation of all pipeline appurtenances such as valves, casing pipe, pig traps, fittings,
prefabricated bends, cathodic protection test leads, telecommunication cables and its
appurtenances, pipeline markers and warning signs etc. The works shall also include all
anchor blocks and anchor flanges (if any), pipe supports, pipeline crossing (road, track,
railway, oued, foreign pipeline and cables) and all other parts which go into the construction
of the pipeline which, when tested, is ready to transport the fluid.
Contractor shall be deemed to have inspected the work area(s) and their surroundings and
to have satisfied himself as to the form and nature thereof, including sub-surface conditions,
hydrological and climatic conditions, the extent and nature of the work, the materials
necessary for the completion of the work and the means of access to all the work area(s).
No claims, either by way of cost or time shall be admissible on account of no familiarity with
the site conditions due to Contractor’s failure to fully access or to fully allow for possible
conditions throughout the contract period at the works sites or in gaining access to them,
before submitting the bid. Contractor shall be deemed to have obtained all necessary
information as above referenced and have included all risks, contingencies and any other
circumstances which may influence the work.
All work shall be carried out in compliance with the regulations and requirement of the local
Tunisian authorities/government.

1.3 Definitions
The following definitions will be used in this document without the needs of any further
explanation:
Company: OMV (Tunisien) Production GmbH
Project: Nawara Project (Pipeline)
Contractor: Party which carries out all or part of the Detail Design, Engineering,
Procurement, Construction, Installation and Commissioning for the
Project. Contractor incorporates its approved Suppliers and
SubContractors.
Vendor: Selected provider of the Elements, Equipment, Subsystems or
Systems. This term also includes “Manufacturer”.
Shall Is to be understood mandatory
Should Is to be understood as strongly recommended
May be Is to be understood as giving freedom of choice
The Work All activities for the construction of the defined elements as detailed in
the scope of work.
Approved Agreed and approved by Company in writing
1.4 Acronyms and Abbreviations

A list of acronyms and abbreviations commonly used in this specification follows:
API American Petroleum Institute

CEP Construction execution plan
CS Carbon steel
CSR Company Site Representative
CP Cathodic Protection
D.C. Direct Current
DCVG Direct Current Voltage Gradient
HSE Health, Safety, Environment
ID Internal Diameter
ISO International Organization for Standardization
LVS Line Valve Station
NDT Nondestructive test for Welding
OD Outside Diameter

QA Quality Assurance
QC Quality Control
RoW Right Of Way
SI International System of Units
SMYS Specified Minimum Yield Strength
TOP Top of Pipe
1.5 Units of Measurement

An International System (SI) of Units is adopted as the main system of units for the Project.

2 REFERENCES
The construction work shall comply with the latest edition of the listed Codes and Standards
(section 2.1), unless otherwise amended by this specification. In case of conflict or
ambiguity the most stringent shall be applied.
Compliance with this Specification shall not relieve the CONTRACTOR of his responsibility
to carry out the work and supply equipment suited to meet specified service conditions and
the applicable regulations.
Where conflicts exist between this specification and other drawings, standards/codes and
other specifications, the most stringent shall be applied.
2.1 Applicable Codes and Standards

Engineering, construction, installation and commissioning of the pipelines shall comply with
all applicable Tunisian norms, laws and standards. As a minimum the following norms,
project documents and specifications shall be applied.
The following Codes and Standards shall establish the minimum standards for the Work.
CONTRACTOR may use alternate standards that meet or exceed those listed if approved
by COMPANY.
2.1.1 International Standards

ANSI/ASME B31.4 (2012) Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquids and Slurries;
ANSI/ASME B31.8 (2012) Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems;
ANSI/ASME B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings;
ANSI/ASME B16.9 Factory-made Wrought Iron Steel Butt-welding Fittings;
ANSI A10.7 Construction and Demolition – Commercial Explosives
and Blasting Agents – Safety requirements for
transportation, storage, handling and use;
API Spec 5L Specification for Line Pipe;
API RP 1102 Recommended Practice for Liquid Petroleum Pipelines
Crossing Railroads and Highways;
API Std 1104 Standard for Welding Pipelines and Related Facilities;
ASTM E709 Standard Guide for Magnetic Particle Examinations;
ASTM D1557 Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction
Characteristics of Soil Using Modified Effort;
ISO 8501-1 Preparation of Steel Substrates Before Application of
Paints and Related Products - Visual Assessment of
Surface Cleanliness-Part 1 - Rust Grades and
Preparation Grades of Uncoated Steel Substrates after
Overall Removal of Previous Coatings;
ISO 9001 (2008) Quality Management Systems Requirements.
2.1.2 Tunisian Standards

NT109.01 (1984) Safety of Combustible Gas Pipeline Transportation
Systems;

NT109.02 (1985) Safety of Liquid Hydrocarbons Transportation Works by

Pipe;
NT 109.03 (1985) Safety of liquefied Hydrocarbons under pressure
transportation works by pipeline.
2.2 Reference Documents

[1] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-MD-BOD-00001 Basis of Design;
[2] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-MC-PHI-00001 Cathodic Protection Philosophy;
[3] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-SPE-00002 Pipeline Hydrostatic Pressure Test
Specification;
[4] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-SPE-00003 Dewatering, Drying and Pre-
Commissioning Specification;
[5] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-ME-REP-00003 Pipeline Mechanical Design Report;
[6]NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-CI-SPE-00015 Installation Specification for Fiber Optic
Cable;
[7]NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-MC-DRW-00001 Cathodic Protection - Pipeline Typical
Test Point Drawing;
[8] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-MC-DRW-00006 Cathodic Protection Schematic;
[9] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-MC-REP-00003 Cathodic Protection Design Report;
[10] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-MC-SPE-00002 Specification for Painting And
Protective Coating;
[11] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-MC-SPE-00004 Specification for External Pipeline
Coatings of 3LPE and 3LPP;
[12] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-MC-SPE-00006 Specification for Field Joint Coating;
[13]NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-MC-SPE-00008 Specification for Isolating Joints;
[14]NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-MC-SPE-00015 Specification for Welding of Pipelines;
[15] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-MC-SPE-00016 General Specification for Cathodic
Protection Material;
[16]NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-DRW-00002 Typical for Right of Way;
[17] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-DRW-00003 Typical for Pipeline Trench;
[18] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-DRW-00004 Typical for Main Road Crossing with
Casing Pipe;
[19] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-DRW-00005 Typical for Track Crossing;
[20] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-DRW-00006 Typical for Railway Crossing;
[21] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-DRW-00007 Typical for Oued Crossings (Class A-
B-C);
[22] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-DRW-00008 Typical for Underground Pipeline
Crossing;
[23] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-DRW-00009 Typical for Transit Across Existing
Pipelines;
[24] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-DRW-00010 Typical for Underground Cable
Crossing;
[25]NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-DRW-00011 Typical For Overhead Power Line
Crossing and Parallelism
[26] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-DRW-00012 Typical for Pipeline Elastic Bend;
[27] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-DRW-00013 Typical for Pipeline Field Cold Bend;
[28] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-DRW-00014 Typical for Casing Pipe;
[29] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-DRW-00015 Typical for Concrete Slabs;

[30] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-DRW-00016 Typical for Pipeline Markers;

[31] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-DRW-00018 Typical for Slope Protection – Rock
Gabions;
[32] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-DRW-00019 Typical for Reconstruction of Slope in
Oued Crossing;
[33] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-DRW-00020 Typical for Erosion Protection – Trench
Breakers;
[34] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-DRW-00021 Typical for Erosion Protection – Slope
Breakers;
[35]NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-MC-SPE-00017 Piping Hydrostatic Pressure Test
Specification.
[36]NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-HS-REP-00011 Final Environmental Management And
Monitoring Plan (Construction And
Operation Phases)
[37]NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-HS-REP-00013 Waste Management Plan
(Construction Phase)

3 HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT (HSE)
3.1 General
Contractor shall comply with all Company and local Authority HSE requirements and (Ref.
Project documentation [36]).
Contractor shall prepare an HSE Plan and submit it for Company approval prior to the
commencement of the Work. Contractor shall observe the requirements of the approved
plan in carrying out all operations involved in the construction of the pipeline.
Contractor shall ensure that the Work is performed in a safe manner at all times.
3.2 Specific Pipeline Activities

Contractor shall specifically instruct all personnel of the dangers relating to the internal
inspection and construction of pipelines. Under no circumstances shall anyone be allowed
to enter a pipeline without the specific written approval of Company and then only after a
specific procedure has been agreed and approved by Company.
During construction of pipelines the right-of-way (RoW) shall be marked with road traffic
signs and specific warning signs relating to the construction activities. This applies
particularly to road crossings.
3.3 HSE Advisor

Contractor shall appoint one or more HSE Advisors, to be approved by the Company
reporting directly to the Contractor’s Project Manager.
The HSE Advisor shall be fully conversant with the Work and shall have previous
experience and qualifications as specified in the HSE Regulations. Details of qualifications
and experience of the HSE Advisor(s) proposed by the Contractor shall be submitted to the
Company for approval before mobilization of the HSE Advisor(s).
The work of the HSE Advisor(s) is to ensure that all Contractor’s work and conditions are
in accordance with the Company’s HSE Regulations.
The Contractor’s HSE Advisor(s) shall make daily reports about all accidents, unsafe acts
unsafe situations etc. noticed by himself or brought to his attention. The daily report shall be
transmitted to Contractor’s Project Manager on each morning following the reported day. A
copy shall be handed to the Company’s Site Engineer. The daily report is in addition to
those required by the Safety Regulations. Contractor’s Project Manager shall advise the
Company’s Site Engineer in writing within 24 hrs. of the report being issued, what action
has been taken to prevent re-occurrence of any incidents reported.
The HSE Advisor(s) shall carry out his work from the moment the Contractor starts
mobilization and until the date of completion.
Contractor shall provide a dedicated vehicle with VHF radio, for the sole use of the HSE
Advisor(s), for communications with Contractor’s Construction camp/head office.

4 QUALITY ASSURANCE – QUALITY CONTROL
4.1 Quality Scope

This Section of this Specification covers the minimum requirements of Quality Assurance
and Quality Control required for the Work.
4.2 General
Before starting the Work, Contractor shall submit his proposed Quality Assurance
Procedures and Organization to the Company for Company’s approval. Contractors
proposed plan shall include the internal procedures to report non conformances, how
corrective action requests are to be generated and how it will be demonstrated that such
actions have been carried out and are effective.
4.3 Quality Assurance Team

It is the duty of the Quality Assurance Team to ensure that the Work is carried out in
accordance with this Specification and other Contract Specifications. The Contractor shall
have a full time Quality Assurance Team and all necessary equipment at the Work Site.
The Team shall have no other work or responsibilities apart from Quality.
The Quality Assurance Team should as a minimum consist of:
 One Contractor’s Quality Assurance Engineer responsible for procedure preparation
and implementation, drawing and document control and supervision.
 Required number of Contractor’s Inspectors (depending on contract size and
geographical spread of the work sites) to cover welding/jointing, NDT, joint
coating/painting, sand padding, lowering, backfilling, tie-ins, hydro testing and pre
commissioning activities.
Quality Inspector’s duties include but not limited to the following activities:
- incoming materials inspection and acceptance;
- materials certification;
- traceability of materials;
- welding / jointing procedures as the case may be;
- field welding / jointing;
- NDT procedures (CS pipelines);
- identification numbering systems;
- shrink sleeve application (CS pipelines);
- trench depth;
- bedding;
- lowering in;
- padding;
- post padding / plugging;
- backfilling;
- hydro test;
- painting/coating (CS pipework);

- as-built drawings;
- reports and general documentation;
- document control.
4.4 Personnel
The Head of Quality Assurance shall have a detailed knowledge of welding and NDT and
other activities of pipeline construction. He shall have experience in quality assurance
matters and be suitably qualified.
All Contractors’ inspectors shall be fully conversant with and experienced in the aspects of
the Work for which they will be employed. They shall have previously worked on similar
projects in similar capacities. All Contractor inspectors shall be suitably qualified and a copy
of all qualification certificates relevant to the inspection function for which they are proposed
by the Contractor and shall be submitted for Company approval before mobilization of the
Inspectors. All Contractors’ inspectors shall have a dedicated vehicle.
Following Company’s approval and the arrival of the Inspectors on site, Company has the
right to request all Inspectors to an examination to ensure their suitability for the work they
are required to do, and reject any Inspector who is found unsuitable, at the Company’s sole
discretion.
4.5 Organization
The Head of Quality Assurance shall report directly to the Contractor’s Project Manager.
His duties shall be to liaise with the Company, organize the Contractor’s Inspectors so that
they carry out their duties in an efficient manner and prepare all necessary reports. The
Head of Quality Assurance shall not carry out inspection work himself other than in
supervision of the Contractor’s Inspectors.
Contractor’s NDT supervisors and shrink sleeves manufacturer’s representative shall report
directly to the Head of Quality Assurance on quality assurance matters.
4.6 Company Inspection

Company will employ a team of Inspectors throughout the contract period, to monitor all
work activities including safety aspects. These Company Inspectors are hereafter referred
to as the Inspectors.
The Inspectors will have authority to stop the work in the case of unsafe situations and non-
compliance with the HSE Specifications, as well as documented non-compliance with
agreed installation or quality procedures which could impact on the future safety of the
pipeline during hydro testing or in service.
Interpretation of weld radiographs shall be performed by Contractor’s Specialist sub-
Contractor and the Inspectors independently, in accordance with the NDT flowchart
included in the Procedures. Non-compliance certificates and other forms are also to be
included in the Procedures.
The inspectors will report non-compliances with this specification and other contract
standards to the CSR, who will advise the Contractor formally of any required corrective
action.

5 CONSTRUCTION EXECUTION PLAN

The plan mentioned in this specification shall be applicable for construction of pipelines in
Project and describes the construction organization, general arrangement, construction
methods, equipment arrangement, construction man power and equipment mobilization as
well as the construction schedule.
The CEP shall include the construction procedure list, suitable equipment and manpower in
compliance with the schedule and the contract scope of work.
Contractor shall supply all consumable material necessary for performing the work. All
material shall be new and shall comply with the requirements of the relevant specification
and vendor requirements. Whenever the quality of material is not specified, the material
shall be subject to Company approval.
Contractor shall submit certification of any material specification, mill test and any other
data for prior approval. The use of material unknown or inadequate certification will not be
permitted. Contractor shall only use standard pipeline fittings for elbows, tees, reducers,
etc. The use of field fabricated fittings, such as miter bends, orange peel swages, fishtail or
flat closures shall be strictly prohibited.
Exceptions to this specification may be considered by the Company if the proposed
exceptions are clearly highlighted to aid evaluation of Contractor’s construction standard
and also meets the required mechanical and operating requirements.
Contractor shall keep record books locating and describing the details of the work
performed. The record books shall reflect, but not necessarily be limited to the following
information:
1. Welding qualification procedures and welder qualification tests;

2. Survey data of all surveying work performed by Contractor;
3. TOP of pipeline and ground elevations (depth of cover);
4. Bending records of field cold bends;
5. Location of all induction-formed factory hot bends;
6. Location of all welds with pipe joint number and weld number;
7. Location and tie-in temperatures of all tie-in welds;
8. Location of all pipeline appurtenances;
9. Location of each crossing with other pipelines, above ground and underground
facilities, depth of underground facilities, vertical and lateral clearances between
these facilities and the pipeline;
10. Location of all railway, road and track crossings;
11. Location of oueds, water courses and drainage crossings;
12. Hydrostatic test program, data and result;
13. Inspection results of all welds and all NDT reports, including tie-in welds;
14. Report for joint coating and holiday test;
15. Report for lowering-in;
16. Report for bedding, padding and backfilling;
17. Report for cleaning and gauging;

18. Report for calliper survey;

19. Report for Drying;
20. Report for DCVG (if any);
21. Report for trenching by blasting (if any);
22. Authorities approval;
23. As built drawings.
All locations shall be defined by their distance (chainage) along the pipeline, where
applicable, and their UTM coordinates and the offset distance at right angles to the
centreline of the pipeline, to the left or to the right.
All records shall be to the satisfaction of the COMPANY and shall be handed over to the
COMPANY on completion of the work.

6 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
6.1 General
Contractor shall execute the Work in a manner consistent with good engineering and
construction practice. Contractor shall employ qualified personnel that are experienced in
performing the Work in their respective trade. Company shall have the right to require the
removal of any personnel of Contractor who, in Company’s opinion, are not qualified to
perform the Work.
Contractor shall exercise close supervision of all phases of fabrication, construction and
installation, assuring themselves and the Company of sound materials and workmanship.
Contractor shall inspect and record the quality of the Work in accordance with Company
Inspection and Test Plans.
Contractor shall keep a complete set of the Drawings and Specifications at the work site at
all times, and shall familiarize all personnel with the requirements of the Work. No burning
of waste materials and no dumping of waste water shall be allowed on site. Waste shall
only be disposed of at designated disposal locations. Contractor shall maintain a register of
waste disposed of from the site (Ref. [37]).
6.2 CONTRACTOR’s Equipment

Contractor’s equipment shall be in good working condition, suitable for the work for which it
is intended, and of adequate capacity and number to perform the Work efficiently to meet
the construction schedule. Any equipment which, in Company’s opinion, is not suitable, will
not produce satisfactory work, or will adversely affect the quality of workmanship or retard
progress, shall be removed from the work site and repaired or replaced with other
equipment, to the satisfaction of Company. A sufficient number of spare standby equipment
shall be provided in order to respond to possible emergency conditions or repair work.
All equipment shall be properly maintained and kept in good operating condition. An
adequate quantity of spare parts shall be available at all times for this purpose.
The specifications, current validity certifications and associated drawings of the following
equipment, but not necessarily limited to them, shall be submitted to Company for review:
 Pipe haulage trucks and tractor-trailers;
 Side booms;
 Welding equipment/machines/consumables;
 Bevelling machines;
 Bending Machines
 Trencher Machines
 Excavators;
 Bull dozers
 Scrapers;
 Crainage;
 Survey equipment.

The lowering-in equipment shall have the capacity to safely lower the pipeline into the
excavated trench. All equipment proposed shall be accompanied by current certification.
The welding machines shall be in good working condition and shall be accompanied by
current calibration certificates. Machines without current calibration certificates shall not be
used.
6.3 Contractor Furnished Materials

Contractor shall furnish all materials and consumables necessary for performing the Work,
except those materials that are supplied by Company.
All materials furnished by Contractor shall be new and shall comply with the applicable
requirements of this Specification. Whenever the quality of materials is not specified,
materials shall be subject to Company approval.
When requested by Company, Contractor shall submit material specification, certification,
mill tests, and other data required by Company, for prior approval. The use of materials of
unknown or inadequate certification will not be permitted.
6.4 Calculations and Drawings

Contractor shall provide clear and detailed engineering calculations and drawings. All
engineering calculations shall state the method of calculation and all assumptions.
Calculations and drawings shall include but not be limited to the following:
 Geotechnical calculations for, and associated drawings of, temporary works such as
access roads, trench support systems/piling and dewatering systems;
 Drawings detailing the proposed method of constructing the road, rail and oued
crossings etc.;
 Calculations detailing the pipeline stresses during lowering-in, backfill and tie-in
operations;
 Excavation stability calculations;
 Drawing showing the proposed sequence of the lowering-in operations;
 Drawing of the site layout, including storage areas of excavated material and pipe,
and means of containment of fuel spillage.
6.5 Engineering Data Books

Contractor shall provide a set of Engineering Data Books, as described in the Contract
Scope of Work, prepared specifically for the Work for Company approval. The contents
shall be as detailed in the Scope of Work and shall be submitted at least 30 days prior to
the commencement of the specific activity.
6.6 Pipeline Risk Assessment

Contractor shall perform a pipeline risk assessment of the Scope of Work and submit for
Company approval at least 30 days prior to the start of the Work.

6.7 Reinstatement Plan

Contractor shall submit a Reinstatement Plan for the Scope of Work for Company review
prior to the start of the Work.

7 HANDLING AND STORAGE OF PIPE AND MATERIALS

Contractor shall transport the line pipe and other materials supplied by the Company as per
Contract agreements to the installation sites and shall include all handling operations.
Handling of pipe and other materials shall include all operations by which pipe and its
materials are handled such as loading, unloading, hauling, stringing, laying, lowering-in,
lifting and lowering from one level to another. Pipe shall always be handled with care, using
suitable equipment’s to prevent damage to pipe walls, pipe ends and pipe internal and
external coatings. Pipe shall not be dropped, thrown, dragged, skidded, rolled or handled
with unsuitable equipment’s.
Contractor’s material handling equipment and storage facilities shall be subjected to review
by Company. Any equipment or storage facility that Company considers unsafe or
unsuitable shall be replaced by the Contractor as instructed and all other suitable means of
protection and prevention of damage shall be provided.
7.1 Pipe Handling Equipment

Contractor shall use the following lifting system considering the safety and protection
conditions. Pipe shall always be handled using special pipe handling equipment suitable for
the specific pipe size being handled. Coated pipe shall be handled with wide canvas or
nylon slings. Bare cables, chains, hooks, tongs, metal bars and other unpadded equipment
shall not be allowed to come into contact with the coated pipe surface. Coated pipe shall
only be supported on padded skids or other padded supports such as plastic covered earth
berms.
Belts and slings shall have a minimum width equal to the pipe diameter and shall provide
pipe-to-sling interior angles of minimum thirty (30) degrees and shall be of a design that
permits rapid and easy removal, such as removable pin and clevis on one end. Damaged or
worn belts or slings shall be discarded.
Lifting shoes shall be of malleable iron or other approved material and shall have surfaces
coated with belting material, brake lining, plastic or other approved material. They shall be
at least 100 mm wide and shall be properly shaped and sized to engage at least one tenth
(1/10) of the internal pipe diameter.
End hooks shall have a smooth face and be of a type and material that will not cause
damage or contaminate the weld surface of the pipe. They shall be shaped to properly fit
the curvature of the inside of the pipe. The cable angle to the vertical shall not exceed 45°
without the use of a spreader bar.
7.2 Loading and Hauling

Pipe shall only be loaded and hauled on flatbed trucks or special pipe trailers fitted with
bolsters padded with tough pliable material. The bolsters shall be of a suitable width and
shape to evenly distribute pressure on the pipe. Steel banded truck beds shall be padded,
or suitable wooden skids with padding shall be properly placed on such trucks.
The lowest tiers of pipe shall be laid on the bolsters and subsequent tiers shall be laid with
adequate padding between the pipe layers. Metal to metal contact shall be avoided. Each
length of pipe shall be lowered into position without dropping in order to rest evenly with the
other lengths. Sudden impact between lengths of pipe or between pipe and other objects

shall be avoided. Each load of pipe shall be tied down using ties of suitable proportions and
strength, arranged in such manner that tie-down is achieved over the bolsters.
Tie-downs shall be well padded with rubber or similar material, or padded blocks shall be
used between the pipe lengths and ties. After the pipe load has been hauled by a short
distance any tie-downs that become loose as a result of road settling shall be re-tightened.
To avoid damage to pipes by rocks or other debris thrown up during transit suitable
protective covers shall be placed over the outside of the pipes when they are on a truck or
trailer.
7.3 Unloading
Pipe shall be unloaded from trucks using a side-boom tractor, crane, or forklift with padded
bars or grips. The pipes remaining on the truck during unloading shall be kept under strict
control at all times.
In rocky areas and in unlevelled terrain, pipe shall be unloaded onto suitable pads, padded
skids, or plastic covered earth berm to avoid damage from rocks and uneven load
distribution.
7.4 Storage of Pipe

Contractor may stockpile pipe on the RoW or at permitted storage locations at the
responsibility of the Contractor.
Contractor shall submit a stacking plan to the Company for approval. The height of the pipe
stack shall not exceed the limit allowed. Contractor is required to provide and produce
design calculations for pipe stacking and procedure, which must be approved by Company.
The pipe joints shall be placed on padded timber skids or plastic covered earth berms off
the ground at a height that will maintain the pipe above the level where surface or water
may contaminate the pipe bevels or flow through the stored pipe. The contact area of the
pipe, skid and the skid spacing under the pipe shall be sufficient to prevent denting or
permanent deformation of the pipe. Skids shall not be less than 100 mm wide. Pipes on
skids shall be chocked and blocked to prevent shifting.
Contractor shall protect the external coating of pipe from ultraviolet degradation during
storage and all other stages of construction where pipe is to be left exposed to sunlight for a
period longer than 150 days. Methods of protection shall be in accordance with the coating
manufacturer’s recommendations. Pipe of different grades or wall thicknesses shall be
segregated and stored.
7.5 Storage of Material other than Line Pipe

Materials which are liable to deteriorate, change their properties or characteristics, or be
damaged by exposure to the weather, humidity, extremes of temperature, or other adverse
weather conditions, such as coating materials, welding consumables, cement, paint,
chemicals, etc., shall be suitably stored and protected from adverse exposure.
Contractor shall conform strictly to manufacturers’ instructions regarding storage
temperature and other conditions for all materials, and shall provide, when necessary,
temperature controlled storage facilities.

Valves, flanges and fittings shall be handled in such manner and by such equipment that
will prevent damage to shafts, facings, bevels, and machined surfaces. Wooden plugs, or
blanking plates, plastic caps, or other approved methods to preclude the entrance of dirt
and debris shall be used to temporarily seal both ends of valves.
Flange faces and all machined surfaces shall be covered with grease to protect them
against rust and corrosion.
When valves, flanges and fittings are stored outdoors, they shall be placed on skids off the
ground in an orderly arrangement.
7.6 Line pipes and Material Preservations

If line pipe and materials are required to be stored for an extended period, for whatever
reason, then the Contractor is require to submit a storage procedure and method to the
Company for approval.
As a minimum line pipe must be stored on clear level ground on load bearing supports that
are constructed of timber or concrete. The line pipes must be elevated well above ground
level and shall be laid at a suitable slope in to ensure that any ingress of water is self-
draining. To avoid the ingress of foreign bodies or water each end of a line pipe joint must
be capped. The Contractor will need to ensure that the pipe end-caps are approved by the
Company before storage.
The line pipe stacks shall not exceed a height of two metres (2 m) and the Contractor is
required to provide calculations to demonstrate that the line pipe will not be over stressed.
The pipe stacks must be protected against sand storms using anti-sand storm protection
methods.
All materials such as: valves, fittings, traps, instruments, etc. must be stored on level
ground with a hard-standing dry free draining surface. All materials must be stored clear of
the ground in storage sheds under cover. All units will be required to be protected against
all elements.
Completely installed pipelines awaiting tie in shall be preserved according to doc.
Dewatering, Drying and Pre-Commissioning specification (Ref. [4]).

8 RIGHT OF WAY
8.1 General
The RoW dimensions shall be in accordance with the doc. Typical for Right of Way (Ref.
[16]).
Contractor can define a different width of the RoW in accordance with the pipe laying
methods adopted. Contractor will submit the proposed solution and the width of the RoW to
Company for approval. Any widening of the RoW at oued, road crossings or any other
special crossing must be communicated to and approved by Company and relevant
authorities when applicable. Prior to start working on the ROW, Contractor shall have
received required permits from Tunisian regulatory authorities.
RoW shall be cleared and graded only where necessary and then only to the extent
required to execute the pipeline construction operations efficiently and to allow easy transit
of construction equipment and pipe trailers onto and along the RoW
Before clearing, grading and topsoil stripping on the RoW, the Contractor shall move survey
stakes back to the edge of the RoW and preserve them during all phases of the work for
use in reporting progress and locations along the line. Contractor shall be responsible for
relocations trench centreline and shall pay the cost of replacing survey stakes that have
been destroyed.
The RoW shall be cleared of all boulders, rocks and any other materials that would interfere
with pipeline construction operations. All sharp points and hollows in the RoW shall be
graded off to minimise the bending of pipe. All irregularities in the ground surface shall be
graded to facilitate the passage of construction personnel equipment.
Grading shall be performed in such a manner as to minimise interference with existing
natural drainage. All grading shall be finished to maintain the original grade of the ground
and the original drainage or flow conditions. Contractor shall arrange the maintenance and
servicing of work equipment and vehicles so to keep the RoW and adjacent land free of
gasoline, diesel and discarded parts.
RoW and adjacent land shall be keep free of all debris brought onto the job by Contractor
including but not limited to waste, oil, grease cartridges, oil cans, containers, skid, scraps
pipe, or cutting, coating material and welding electrodes. Each work crew shall be
responsible for cleaning up its debris on a daily basis. Such debris shall be disposed of in a
manner as approved by the Company. Drip trays shall be used for static plan to prevent oil
contamination of the soil. Portable toilets shall be installed along the RoW
Waste handling and disposal shall be in accordance with Contractor approved Waste
Management Plan (Ref. [37]).
Clearing and grading operations, including the disposal of the material overburden
generated from these operations, shall be performed in such manner as to minimize
environmental damage.
Any damage done to private or public facilities resulting from the clearing and grading
operations shall be repaired immediately unless Company permits such repairs to be
performed by the clean-up crew at a later stage. All repairs to damaged facilities shall be
Contractor’s own account.
Clearing and grading of oued banks, for a minimum 10 m back from the water edge, shall
be restricted until immediately before work is to commence on the crossing installation.

The RoW shall be cleared of all vegetation and other material that would impede or
interfere with the pipeline.
Clearing of vegetation such as brush, stumps and other similar debris shall be disposed in
accordance with Company instructions. Disposal by burning is not permitted, cleared
material shall be completely removed from the RoW and disposed of by other means
acceptable to Company. Clearing by herbicides is also not permitted.
Contractor shall ensure that adequate firefighting tools and equipment, including fire
extinguishers and a water truck, are on site in the event that a fire breaks out or gets out of
control.
Loose debris shall be cleared within the RoW corridor at a sufficient distance from the
trench line so that the excavated material does not fall on foreign matter that is
unacceptable for backfilling the trench and which might become mixed with the excavated
soil. Disposal of clearing shall be carried out prior to the grading operation and none of it
shall be left for the final clean-up operation. There may be certain locations on the RoW that
will require Contactor to work in restricted width working areas.
Contractor may request a larger working width subject to approval by Company. All roads
and watercourses, dry streams or otherwise shall be crossed utilizing the minimum working
RoW width possible in order to minimize the amount of installed erosion control measures.
8.2 Interference with existing Pipelines

Where a new pipeline will runs parallel to an existing pipeline corridor, the position of the
existing pipeline shall be identified by a pipe detection procedure and the found location
shall be properly indicated by markers.
Contractor shall follow the relevant requirements for the protection of the pipe. A 10 m wide
exclusion zone, centred on the existing pipeline route shall be established by Contractor.
Inside the exclusion zone Contractor shall not be allowed to perform excavations. Moreover
transit with heavy equipment shall be properly constructed and accessed assuring full
protection of the underground services.
The exclusion zone shall be temporary fenced by Contractor during Construction Works.
No protective measures shall be installed over or near to the crossed pipeline without prior
permission from the Company. The dimension, material and method of installation of the
proposed protective measure shall be submitted for Company approval. The method of
installation should be confirmed through the submission of a method statement.
Contractor may excavate, with a mechanical excavator no closer than 5 m (outside the
marked exclusion zone) from the located pipeline.
Hand excavation inside the exclusion zone shall be requested, carried out with hand held
power tools no closer than 1.5 m; where sufficient depth of cover exists, following evidence
from hand dug trial holes. Light tracked vehicles may be permitted to strip topsoil to a depth
of 250 mm using a toothless bucket. No topsoil or other material should be stored within the
easement without prior written permission of landowner and/or Company. No topsoil or
materials shall be stored over the pipeline, deviation from this requirement has to be
minimized and if necessary Contractor shall define the work in a proper procedure inclusive
of special precaution, submitted for Company approval.
Mechanical excavators shall not be sited or moved above the pipeline unless a written
authority has been given by the Company. Mechanical excavators shall not dig onto one

side of the pipeline with the cab of the excavator positioned on the other side. No fires shall
be allowed in the easement strip or close to the above ground installations. Where work is
being carried out parallel to the existing pipeline easement a post and wire fence should be
erected as a protective barrier between the works and the pipeline.
Traffic and tracked equipment crossing of existing pipeline will in general be restricted.
Where crossing of the pipeline is absolutely essential specific crossing points shall be
designated by the Contractor and submitted to Company for approval. These crossing
points shall be specifically designed and constructed as temporary access roads to provide
the necessary protection to the existing pipeline, taking into account load distribution (Ref.
[23]). Under no circumstance must heavy wheeled goods and vehicles be allowed to cross
the existing pipeline without additional protection.
A calculation exercise should also be undertaken by Contractor to determine the effect of
depositing excavated spoil from the pipeline directly over the existing pipeline. It may also
be prudent in some particularly sensitive areas to consider forming barriers from the
excavated spoil prohibiting pipeline traffic from approaching the existing pipeline trench.

9 PRE-CONSTRUCTION SURVEY
The RoW shall follow the route approved by the Company. Deviations to the approved
route shall not be permitted.
Prior to commencement of any construction activities, a pre-construction survey shall be
carried out to verify and mark with stakes the pipeline centreline and the RoW boundaries.
Utility lines and agricultural drainages shall be located and marked to prevent accidental
damage during pipeline construction.
Pre-construction survey will be required to establish or confirm as a minimum the following:
1. Detailed documented survey and photographic record of the RoW before
commencement of the works;
2. Temporary bench marks;
3. Intersection (Turning) points and deflection angles;
4. Pipeline centre line location and chainage;
5. Right of Way (RoW) boundaries;
6. Pipelines, services, roads, railways and watercourse crossings;
7. Locations of buried and above ground obstacles;
8. Locations of cathodic protection test stations;
9. Boundaries of wet areas.
Before commencement of construction activity Contractor shall carry out a pre-construction

survey to refresh/restore the staking of the pipeline trench centreline(s) and boundary limits
of the RoW.
Reference points shall be established every 100 metres and offset along RoW boundary
limits. Stakes shall be placed at 50 m intervals and at all points of intersection. The
numbering system shall be a continuous process.
The staked points shall be tied into the coordinates system established for the project.
Contractor shall be responsible for ensuring that the monuments established along the
pipeline route are maintained during RoW preparation.
Contractor shall not commence any Construction Work on the easement until the RoW
staking has been approved by the Company.
Any legal survey markers shall not be disturbed, defaced, altered, destroyed or removed. If
this occurs, the marker shall be replaced by a local professional land surveyor.
Information regarding the location of legal survey markers in the field shall be obtained by
Contractor before proceeding with Construction Work. All foreign structures crossed by the
pipeline or running parallel at a close distance, shall be located and protected in
accordance with the requirements of this specification.
The location of underground and/or overhead facilities shall be staked on both sides of the
RoW and at crossing points. Contractor shall notify and liaise with the owners/ operators of
all foreign facilities in accordance with the requirements of this specification.
Survey work and staking associated with the RoW location shall include, but not be limited
to:
1. Temporary sites;
2. Access road to RoW;

3. Spoil disposal sites;

4. Extra work areas, such as at crossings.
As part of the pre-construction survey, Contractor shall liaise with the landowners to identify
the areas that may require temporary fencing. Agreement as to the type of temporary
fencing shall be reached with the landowners and must be approved by the Company.
Contractor shall maintain a surveying team at the work site. The team shall be responsible
for establishing the location of the pipeline and other work in the RoW for replacing any
disturbed stakes, executing the work to the right pipeline and grade, for the marking of as-
built information on the drawings and for other work as per necessary.
Contractor shall mark flag out the location and establish voltage rating of overhead power
lines when they cross or encroach within 150 m. of the RoW Contractor shall take suitable
precautions such as the use of watchmen and adequate warning tape such as aerial
markers for the passing of plant and equipment below overheads power lines, to ensure
safe working in the vicinity of overheads lines. Contractor shall submit a crossing plan and
drawing for approval showing the suitable safety precautions.

10 TEMPORARY ACCESS AND BY PASS ROADS

Temporary access roads shall be included in Contractor’s CEP and shall be submitted for
Company approval. Temporary access roads shall be under responsibility and charge of
Contractor. Contractor shall built all temporary access and bypass roads needed for his
operations as necessitated by terrain or other conditions.
Permits should be obtained by the Contractor. Company will provide assistance if required
and if possible.
Temporary access roads to or from existing access to the RoW or from the RoW to other
work areas such as spoil disposal sites shall be developed, constructed, maintained and
subsequently reinstated by the Contractor. The access road shall be reinstated to a
condition at least equal to that existing before commencement of work.
The suitability and condition of existing access roads and tracks to be used as temporary
access roads shall be examined prior to any upgrading or reinstatement.
CONTRACTOR shall make due allowance for restriction placed by local authorities or
Governing Bodies on movement of vehicles. Development and maintenance of temporary
access roads shall conform to the following:
1. Activities shall be conducted in such a manner as to minimise disturbance to
watercourses, drainage and dyke structures;
2. Cuts and grades in unstable areas of soil subjected to erosion shall be avoided
unless and otherwise absolutely necessary;
3. Culverts of an approved type shall be installed as required or where access roads
are to be left in place during the lifetime of the Construction Works;
4. Access roads shall be left in situ or reinstated in accordance with the landowner’s
requirements or other approved instruction.
Construction traffic shall not pass over an existing pipeline, except at specific crossing
points previously agreed with the Company. Contractor shall fence-off the crossing points
on both sides over the agreed width. The crossing points shall be clearly marked.
Contractor shall build temporary crossing ramps at the crossing points.
The Contractor shall ensure that public access is maintained along all paths, roads and
tracks crossed by the pipeline unless closure is permitted by the local authority. Temporary
bridging or alternative access shall be provided and maintained to all properties foot ways
etc., which would otherwise be cut off by the execution of the works.

11 STRINGING
Pipe shall not be strung more than two (2) kilometres in advance of mainline welding,
unless agreed by Company. Pipe shall be strung only on construction RoW which has been
cleared and where necessary graded.
Pipe shall be placed at a suitable distance from the staked trench line and strung in proper
quantities to avoid moving pipe forwards or backwards along the line.
Contractor shall distribute the various pipe joints according to the Construction Plan. Pipe
shall not be strung directly on the ground, but shall be placed on sand bags or padded
skids.
Pipe and material shall be strung in a manner that will cause the least possible interference
with the normal use of the land being crossed. Gaps shall be left between adjacent lengths
of pipe at suitable intervals and at well-defined trails to allow free passage of vehicles
during the time interval between the stringing and other construction operations. Pipe
stringing shall be done in such a manner that it will not cause a hazard to traffic or be
subjected to possible damage by traffic.
Careful unloading and stringing procedures shall be followed to avoid damage to the pipe
or pipe coating. Line pipe will be strung directly from the trailer to the installation location
except where it is unsafe to unload (i.e. on special sections or gradients at 15° or more). At
sharp gradients the line pipe will be loaded directly from the trailers to a tracked stringing
tractor to carry 1 or 2 pipes. Unloaded pipe shall be supported above ground level in a
manner that will prevent rain, runoff water and sediment from entering the pipe as well as
preventing damage to the pipe ends and coating.
Line pipe sections will be stored in a nearby holding/stringing area where all preparatory
works will be completed prior to stringing/welding. The trailers will be unloaded in this area.
In rocky areas, the pipes will be strung after completion of drilling, blasting (if any) and
excavation to the required elevation so as to eliminate any possibility of pipe damage
Contractor shall record the pipe joint numbers, pipe lengths and location of each piece of
pipe, as strung. These records shall be amended “as laid” and shall include the weld
numbers.
The pipe shall be strung end-to-end and the pipe ends carefully lined-up for welding, using
suitable line-up clamps to ensure accurate alignment and spacing. Internal line-up clamps
shall be used. However, external clamps may be used when it is impractical to use internal
clamps, such as at tie-in welds. Hammering of the pipe to obtain proper line-up will not be
permitted. No pieces of pipe shorter than two (2.0) meters in length may be incorporated in
the pipeline. After the pipes have been strung, they shall be inspected and all defective pipe
ends repaired.
A detailed stringing procedure shall be prepared by Contractor taking into consideration the
provisions of this specification and submitted to Company for approval.

12 BENDING OF PIPE
Contractor shall perform cold pipe bending in the field as required to accommodate
changes to the slope and in horizontal alignment of the pipeline (Ref. [27]).
Sag bends and over-bends shall be used at changes in the vertical alignment (slope) of the
pipeline and side bends at changes in the horizontal alignment.
Composite bends shall be installed at points where both the vertical and horizontal
alignment of the pipeline occurs simultaneously.
Bending of pipe shall be kept to a minimum and shall only be performed where changes in
slope are such that the pipe will not be laid naturally on the bottom of the trench and at
definite changes in the horizontal alignment. Pipe bending shall not be resorted for
correcting irregularities in the trench. Trench conditions shall be corrected to maintain the
straight-line vertical and horizontal alignment of the pipeline and to restrict field bending of
pipe where it is absolutely necessary.
The location of pipe bends shall coincide with points of change in the direction of slope. The
location and degree of each bend shall be determined during construction at the work site
after the trench has been excavated. Bends shall be made near the trench at locations for
which they are intended. Bends shall be made ahead of the laying crew.
All pipe-bending operations shall be performed under the supervision and direction of a
competent engineer who shall have the responsibility of determining the required angles
and curvatures of pipe bends. All field bends shall be made only by the cold, smooth stretch
method, using an approved bending machine of proper size. The use of heat to produce
field bends is prohibited.
Wrinkle bends and miter bends in product pipes are strictly prohibited. Company shall
approve the method and procedure of field bending. For sag bends and over bends, the
longitudinal weld seam shall be near the side and for side bends the longitudinal weld seam
shall be at the top. Precautions shall be taken not to have the longitudinal weld seam
pressed upon by the bending shoes. The longitudinal weld seam of the pipe shall be at
locations such that it will be in the top quadrants of the pipe after it is laid in the trench (i.e.
the seam weld shall not face toward the bottom of the trench) The longitudinal weld seam of
the pipe shall not be in line with the longitudinal weld seam of an adjacent pipe but shall be
offset by 100 mm.
The weld seam of the adjacent pipe shall also be within the quarter of the pipe.
12.1 Bending Machines

Bending machines shall be suitable for bending pipe of specific size and shall be fitted with
the correct shoes and internal mandrels. Bending machines shall be subjected to approval
by Company. Contractor shall replace any bending machine rejected by Company.
The bending machine and bending procedure shall be capable of producing smooth bends
without wrinkles and with minimum flattening of the pipe. Extreme caution shall be
exercised in the use of the mandrel in order not to increase the diameter of the pipe.
The surfaces of the bending machine that comes in contact with the pipe (shoes, rollers,
mandrel, etc.) shall be suitably padded so that they will not damage the pipe coating.

12.2 Pipe Ovality

The ovality (flattening) of a bent pipe shall not exceed 2.5% of the nominal diameter at any
point in the bend, including at the ends. Ovality is defined as the difference between the
maximum and minimum inside diameters of the pipe compared with the nominal internal
diameter:
Ovality = (ID max – ID min) / (ID nominal)
12.3 Bending Inspection

Each completed field bend shall be inspected in the presence of Company prior to welding
of the line. All bends shall be visually inspected for any evidence of buckles, wrinkles,
distortion, dents, gouges, grooves, nicks, cracks and any other mechanical damage. All
bends shall be checked with callipers to ensure that any ovality of the pipe is within the
tolerance limit.
Any bend that fails the ovality check or that which exhibits any sign of mechanical damage
as specified above will not be inserted in the pipeline and shall be removed from the site
and replaced by a new bend. Hammering or the use of jacks to reform a buckled or
deformed pipe bend shall be strictly prohibited. Pipe coating shall be inspected for damage
caused by bending operations.
The coating shall be inspected for holidays and for disbanding. Any defects or disbanding of
the pipe coating caused by bending operation shall be repaired in accordance with the
procedures provided by Contractor and approved by Company.
Any defects such as cracks or disbanding within the coating caused by the field bending
operation shall be investigated and the bending procedure shall be modified to minimise
such defect.
12.4 Fitting Bend to Trench

Bends shall conform reasonably to the bottom of the trench (i.e. bends shall fit the trench
without the need of force to hold them in place). When requested by Company, Contractor
shall set the bend in the trench in advance of the laying crew in order to test the bend
conformance to the trench with respect to bend angle and radius.
Bends shall be made such that the backfill tends to close rather than open the bend. For
over bends, the crotch of the bend shall be in contact with the firm soil. For sag bends, the
legs of the bend shall be supported by firm soil. For side bends, the minimum clearance of
200 mm shall be left between the side of the bend and the inner wall of the trench.
Bends that do not conform reasonably to the trench bottom will be rejected.
Where authorised by Company, Contractor may correct the shape of the trench as
necessary to accommodate the bends in a satisfactory manner.
Irregularities in the trench such as highs and lows may be corrected by filling the trench
bottom with suitable, loosely packed, clean earth or sand, provided this fill does not exceed
150 mm in depth.

12.5 Bending Procedure

Before starting any work, Contractor shall submit and demonstrate to the Company a
bending procedure that shall conform to the recommendations of the manufacturer of the
bending machine. The procedure shall include lengths, maximum degrees per pull, the
method and accuracy of measurement during pulling of the bend. This procedure shall be
subjected to Company approval.
Contractor shall not apply a bending radius of less than 40 x Diameters, unless approved
by the Company.
Bending shall not be performed on the pipe within a minimum distance of 1 OD from the
end of the pipe. In other words, a straight pipe section at least 1 OD long shall be left on
each side of the bend.
If the pipe used to produce a bend is made up of two pipes welded together, bending shall
not be carried out closer than two metres on either side of the welded joint.
Suitable precautions shall be taken to prevent the bending operation from causing out-of-
roundness at the ends of the bent pipe that exceeds the ovality limits.
Pipe bends shall not be straightened after bending to correct the bend angle.
Deformation of the pipe material shall be performed in one direction only in order to ensure
that bi-directional yielding of the steel does not occur. Contractor shall keep records of all
field bending of pipe performed during the construction of the pipeline.
The records shall include details of location, pipe size, pipe number, and angle of bend of
all field bends.

13 EXCAVATION BY BLASTING
The geotechnical report describing the soil characteristics along the pipeline supplied by
Company is considered as a base of works; this report should be checked by Contractor
and completed if necessary by additional tests in order to understand all soils features.
Contractor is responsible for any mistake about soil investigation and the Company has the
possibility to require from Contractor all tests necessary before starting works.
When blasting work is required in rocky areas, Contractor shall define on the Construction
Plan the method statement with the following indications:
 A number of holes drilled into the rock which are then filled with explosives;
 Detonating the explosives will cause the rock to collapse and thus lengthen the
tunnel;
 Repeating these steps will eventually result in a trench.
The positions and depths of the holes (and the amount of explosive each hole receives) will
be determined by a carefully constructed pattern, which together with the correct timing of
the individual explosions will guarantee a proper section of the trench.
Drilling equipment shall consist of a hydraulic track drill capable of drilling the required
controlled blasting holes accurately and uniformly across the top of a rock cut or other
suitable equipment.
Removal shall be carried out in such a manner to minimize disturbance to any surrounding
rock beyond the excavation limits.
All material resulting from the operation shall be managed in accordance with specified
contract requirements.
Drill hole locations shall be indicated by the Contractor much in advance of the drilling
process so as to stake the exact depth from the rock surface to grade elevation at each drill
hole.
Holes deeper than the specified depths may be drilled if approved. Holes shall be drilled to
the same depth below grade except at grade points, where drilling shall be continued
beyond the lower end of the cut on non-level gradients and beyond each end of the cuts on
level gradients in order to provide positive drainage of the shattered layer.
Contractor shall submit to Company his detailed procedures for approval prior to any
blasting taking place. The procedure shall comply with all good blasting practice and any
proposed revision in procedure arising during blasting shall be submitted for approval.
Blasting shall only be carried out with written approval from the Company. Where it is
possible, mechanical methods of excavation of rock should be used in preference to
blasting. Any landowners or tenants who may be affected shall be notified well in advance
so that adequate steps can be taken to protect livestock or other property.
The Contractor shall comply with the safety procedures of the explosives manufacturer.
Extreme care shall be exercised to avoid damage to underground structures, cables,
conduits, pipelines and to underground watercourses or springs. Trial blasts shall be
undertaken to establish the maximum quantity of explosives required. In addition to shot
holes being fully stemmed, blasting mats or other effective means shall be used if
necessary to prevent rock being scattered over the right of way and adjacent property.

The Contractor shall take every precaution to protect persons and the Permanent Materials
from any injury or damage, which might arise from the use of explosives.
The Contractor shall be fully responsible for any injury or damage arising from the blasting
operations. Compliance with this specification and approval of procedures by the
COMPANY shall not relieve the Contractor of this obligation.
The Contractor shall at his own expense, obtain any permits required and shall comply with
the provisions of such permits.
The Contractor shall carry out blasting procedure in accordance with ASMEA10.7
Construction and Demolition – Commercial Explosives and Blasting Agents – Safety
requirements for transportation, storage, handling and use.
The information to be provided shall include:
(a) Details of all permits and licences, issuing authority and validity period;
(b) Location and length of the proposed area of blasting;
(c) Charge pattern;
(d) Number of charges;
(e) Type of explosive;
(f) Sizes of charges;
(g) Depths of drill holes;
(h) Delays to be used;
(i) What notification has been issued;
(j) Name of shot-firer.
The CONTRACTOR shall submit his blasting programme to the Company at least 5 days in
advance of each 7-day period or as required by the Company.
13.1 Blasting Criteria

As far as the blasting operation is concerned, the Contractor should receive the approval of
relevant authority about blasting and shall comply with the following:
 All shot-firing shall be undertaken by a shot-firer duly appointed by the Contractor in
writing. Only workmen thoroughly experienced in handling explosives shall be
permitted to supervise, handle, haul, load and fire explosives;
 The shot-firer shall supervise the transportation and storage of all explosives.
Explosives shall be carried and stored in approved containers;
 Detonators shall be carried in a separate vehicle from that of explosives and shall be
stored separately on Site;
 Before shot-firing commences the shot-firer shall give clear and adequate warning to
all persons within, near or approaching the danger zone. In addition, audible
warnings shall be given as follows: One note on a siren 5 minutes before blasting.
Two notes on a siren 2 minutes before blasting. Continuous note or three notes to
indicate the all clear;
 Visible displays or notices shall be posted on the perimeter of the danger zone
indicating clearly the sequence of audible warnings;

 The Contractor shall be responsible for ensuring that all persons within, near or
approaching the danger zone remove themselves to a safe place;
 The shot-firer shall post sentries and where necessary, suitable notices, on the
perimeter of the danger zone. On completion of blasting the shot-firer shall examine
the area for misfires and if it is safe, shall signal the ‘all clear”;
 All shot-firing activities shall be suspended in the event of a thunderstorm;
 In the event of a miss-fire, the shot-firer shall duly inform all the sentries and instruct
them to warn all persons likely to approach the shot hole;
 The shot-firer shall not approach the hole until he has disconnected the shot-firing
cable from the exploder and not before 5 minutes have elapsed from the last
attempt to fire the shot;
 The shot-firer shall then examine the cable and connections and remedy any fault
found. He shall then re-connect and make a further attempt to fire the shot if this is
practicable;
 All persons within the danger zone shall remain under cover until a miss-fire has
been cleared;
 In the event of a further misfire, the shot-firer shall take steps to ensure that no
person enters the danger zone until the hole has been inspected. Any unexploded
charges shall be detonated by placing and priming an adjacent charge;
 Following blasting, the shot-firer shall search the debris for unexploded charges
after the clearance of the misfires;
 The shot-firer shall accurately record all misfires in a report to be presented by the
Contractor to the Company;
 Contractor shall provide the necessary equipment to monitor ground vibrations as
required by Company;
 Contractor shall prepare suitable graphs and tables according to an accepted
method so that safe charging loads may be determined in advance;
 The proposed blasting pattern shall be fired on an individual short delay electric
detonator using a system such as Magnadet that minimises current leakage;
 Detonating cord shall not be used outside holes and any used within drill holes shall
be kept to the absolute minimum that is necessary for safety. Good stemming
material shall be used in all holes.
If, despite all precautions, any damage should occur to any services and/or structures etc.,
the Contractor shall immediately contact the applicable Landowner or Authority.
Replacement or repair and reinstatement of the damaged service and/or structure shall be
carried out by the Contractor at his expense under the direction and to the satisfaction of
the Landowner/Authority.
If Contractor fails to complete the repairs or replacement in reasonable time, Company
reserves the right to have the repair/replacement completed by others and all associated
costs shall be charged to Contractor's account.
In some cases Landowner/ Authority may wish to repair the damage by themselves. Under
such situations, all cost associated with repair shall be reimbursed by Contractor to
respective Landowner / Authority.

14 TRENCHING
The normal trenching operation shall be carried out in accordance with the doc. “Typical for
Pipeline Trench” (Ref. [17]).
Contractor shall prepare and submit to Company a trenching procedure in accordance with
the requirement of the present specification.
Normal excavation as opposed to rock excavation is defined as excavation in loose soil, or
rock with weak mechanical characteristic “soft rock”, which can be removed with
mechanical trench excavating equipment such as wheel type ditchers, backhoes, drag-
lines, rock ploughs, rooters, rippers and similar type equipment.
Rock excavation is defined as excavation in a material that must be broken up by
Jackhammer or by blasting. Rocks excavation should take into account the results of
geotechnical survey report supplied by Company. Contractor should identify zones where
blasting or hydraulic breaking is necessary by producing the rock graph describing an
excavation chart. Trial trench tests are produced using CAT345 Excavator or similar, the
equipment is recommended as minimum for excavation. At locations where existing
underground facilities may be damaged by trenching machinery, Contractor is required to
carry out manual trenching (without the use of heavy equipment).
Contractor should present an equipment list for construction with all details as
productivity/time unit, power, emission, noise etc.
In order to maintain stability the trenching shall avoid sliding down of the material, the sides
of the trench shall be battered no steeper than the angle of repose of the material. Where
necessary, the sides of the trench shall be stabilised by spraying with water or by any other
means.
Contractor shall provide all necessary shoring and shall take all necessary precautions to
protect the sides of the excavated trench against collapse. At no time during the progress of
the work shall more than two (2) kilometres of open trench be maintained ahead of other
pipeline construction operations.
Contractor shall be responsible for maintaining the trench in good condition until the pipe
has been lowered-in and the trench has been backfilled. No claim shall be made by
Contractor against Company due to the trench caving in before, during or after the pipe has
been laid.
Contractor shall provide at his own expense all necessary shoring to maintain the trench in
good condition. Contractor shall restore any caved-in section of the trench to its required
depth. Contractor shall provide at his own expense all necessary drainage ditches and
grading of ground adjacent to the excavation to prevent water from running into the trench.
Any water accumulated in the trench that is excavated above the water-table shall be
removed by pumping to permit the inspection and verification of the trench condition prior to
lowering in of pipe and to perform in-situ tie-in welds in the dewatered bell holes.
Contractor may, at his own expense move his operations to other dry areas until such time
that the work can be performed in any flooded sections of the pipeline.
Contractor has to prepare procedure for safe trenching tailored for wet area for Company
approval.
Contractor shall schedule his operations to minimise the time the trench is left open; any
information shall be included in the CEP.

Trenching operations shall not be allowed to interface with natural drainage or with the
operation of drainage ditches, irrigation canals and other water course.
Wherever necessary, pipe or flumes shall be laid across the trench to serve as culverts for
water drainage. Contractor shall furnish all necessary materials for such purpose.
Contractor shall excavate and maintain the trench, including all necessary shoring and
support, to allow safe installation of pipe and to prevent damage to the pipe coating.
Contractor shall immediately repair any such occurrence at his own expense and to the
satisfaction of Company and Authority having Jurisdiction.
In normal excavation, the width of the trench bottom shall be more than 200 mm of the
outside diameter of the pipe. The trench width shall be measured at the bottom of the
trench.
At locations where it is necessary to make tie-in welds in the trench, the trench width shall
be increased to provide a working clearance around the pipe at least 500 mm on each side
of the pipe. The same working clearance shall be provided under the pipe.
Contractor shall excavate the trench to a depth that will provide the minimum specified
cover over the pipe at all points along the pipeline route, regardless of the contour of the
land and the type of soil or rock encountered.
Pipe cover shall be determined by measuring from the top of the pipe to the average level
of graded ground on each side of the trench.
Unless otherwise specified on the construction drawings, minimum depth of cover over the
pipe (TOP) shall be as indicated in the doc. “Typical for Pipeline Trench” (Ref. [17]).
The bottom of the trench shall be uniformly graded and dressed along its length in order to
prevent unnecessary bending of pipe between sag bends and over bends. The trench
bottom shall be specially prepared at sag bends and over bends to accommodate the
bends properly and to provide proper clearance between the inside bend of the pipe and
the bottom or side of the trench.
Irregularities in the dry land trench bottom shall be corrected by backfilling the trench with
clean loosely packed earth or sand to provide a continuous and uniform support for the
pipe.
Any rock outcrops, loose rock, hard clods, stumps and other objects which may damage the
pipe or pipe coating shall be removed from the bottom of the trench.
Where the trench is excavated in rock, any rock projecting from the trench walls that may
damage the pipe or pipe coating shall be removed.
Before starting excavation works, a survey must be carried out along the pipeline route, to
locate areas with stagnant water or groundwater near the surface in permeable soils.
Where needed, the area will be surveyed. Possible seasonal excursions must be studied to
plan interventions and choose the most suitable equipment.
14.1 Trench in Special Location

CONTRACTOR shall excavate the trench to greater depths as required at locations such as
the following:
1. Main Roads;
2. Oueds;

3. At irregular ground features and land contours, in order to reduce the bending of
pipe and provide the necessary vertical separation;
4. In areas subject to erosion such as watercourse banks, gullies, ponds and across
areas with unstable soil when required;
5. Where necessary, to provide additional cover at over bends,
6. At other locations as required by Company, or as dictated by other circumstances
and conditions (i.e. where required by governing Authorities or Owners).
On approaches to crossings Contractor shall begin increasing trench depth at a sufficient

distance from each side of the crossing in order to allow the pipeline to fall gradually to a
lower elevation.
Extra depth of trench performed by Contractor out of the requirement shall be considered
as normal excavation.
14.2 Drainage of the Trench

Draining operations shall be carried out without causing any delay to scheduled operations
of pipeline trenching, laying and backfilling. To obtain accurate draining suction equipment
shall be driven 0.50 m below the trench bottom elevation. The use of special equipment for
lowering the ground water level for trench draining shall be authorized for each single
section by Company Representative.
The authorization is usually given when the presence of water requires the trench wall
slope to be less than 50% to avoid any risk of landslide. Possible buried utilities must be
located before driving the suction bits. Prior to the start of digging operations the lowering of
water to the required level shall be verified by means of a drill and/or a piezometer.
Draining plants shall be kept working during trench excavation, pipe laying and if necessary
during backfilling operations. The water taken in shall be removed/conveyed and
discharged in ditches or existing watercourses far from the work area.
14.3 Topsoil or Organic Surface Material Conservation

Contractor shall remove the topsoil or organic surface material from the areas to be graded
or where excavated material will be placed. Removal shall be to its actual depth or to a
maximum depth of 0.3 metres unless otherwise instructed by Company. Topsoil or organic
surface material shall be removed and piled separately from excavated material and shall
not be used for bedding, padding or backfilling the trench. Upon completion of backfilling
and RoW restoration, topsoil or organic surface material shall be returned to areas from
where it was removed, in a condition satisfactory to the Company.
14.4 Spoil Material

It is forbidden to spread the spoil from the excavated trench out of the RoW especially in
the wood land or forest area. Spoil containing rock or spoil judged by Company as
unsuitable for backfill shall be hauled away from the RoW and disposed of in such a
manner that it cannot be used by mistake in backfilling the trench. Unsuitable material shall

be transported to a site approved by local authority or waste disposal facility, whatever the
distance from the site.
Only excavated material suitable for use as backfill shall be deposited alongside the trench
unless otherwise noted. The necessary tests for the material to be backfilled shall be
performed and tests results shall be submitted to Company for approval.
Spoil banks shall not be permitted to interfere with natural drainage. Proper openings shall
be provided to allow normal drainage of the area concerned.
Where necessary adequate openings shall be provided in the spoil bank to permit the
passage of vehicles.
14.5 Trench Protection

Where necessary, Contractor shall signalize all open trenches using plastic net, lanterns,
flares, barricades, guard rails and other safety equipment and by adopting all the
appropriate measures to protect Contractor’s employees, Company’s employees and any
third parties from injury.
Wherever possible, Contractor shall complete and fill trenched road crossings on the same
day on which they are excavated in order to prevent hazards to night travel. If
circumstances prevent Contractor from completing the backfill on the same day, he shall
construct a properly marked detour.

15 CROSSINGS
CONTRACTOR shall obtain all permits for crossings from relevant authorities and shall
comply with instructions received from these authorities. Compliance with the requirements
listed below does not in any way release Contractor from all or any of his responsibilities,
guarantees or contractual obligations.
15.1 Oued Crossings

Prior to starting the works Contractor shall carry out the appropriate investigations in order
to define the construction criteria and the period in which to carry out the work.
Oued crossings shall be realised in accordance with doc. “Typical for Oued Crossing (Class
A-B-C)” (Ref. [21]) and detail crossing drawings.
Each oeud will be subject to a classification during its excavation verifying the real scouring
depth. Based on this, Company shall confirm at site the preliminary classification of the
Engineering or reconsider it. The most suitable pipeline protection system shall be defined
accordingly. Each oued trench section shall be documented by at least two pictures
becoming integral part of the as-built documentation.
The bottom of the trench shall be uniformly graded and free from loose rock or gravel and
other object which might damage the pipe coating. Suitable bedding material shall be
placed. Bedding and padding material shall consist of fined grade earth or sand with
particle size between 0.06 mm and 5 mm, free of salt, organic material, hard bodies. The
necessary tests for the material to be backfilled shall be performed and tests results shall
be submitted to Company for approval.
Contractor shall reinstate the oueds at completion of the pipe laying operations. The
crossing ground profile after reinstatement shall not modify the existing hydraulic
characteristics of the watercourse, thus where necessary, temporary works shall be
employed to control the water flow. Reconstruction of oued slopes and bed as well as
general reinstatement works shall be carried out in order to prevent flooding and scouring.
Material excavated from the banks or from the RoW earthworks shall not be stockpiled,
either temporarily or permanently, within the oued bed where it may obstruct the natural
flow of the water.
15.1.1 Major Oued Crossings

Major Oued crossings shall be realised in accordance with the detail crossing drawings.
The minimum pipe cover below the scouring depth and the mechanical protection with
concrete slab shall be ensured according to detail crossing drawings.
The results of the investigations, construction criteria, plant chosen for the works and the
detailed programme of work shall be included in the CEP. In the case of crossings of
lengths requiring the adoption of special pipe laying methods, in addition to specifying the
type and quantity of plant required, its positioning and the laying methods the report must
also include the following:
 Buoyancy study;
 Calculation of stability of the current (if any) and the characteristics of possible
transverse anchoring systems for the pipe during lying;

 Dimensioning of mechanical protection of the pipeline to be assured by continuous

concrete overweighting (if necessary);
 Calculation of stresses on the pipeline. Moreover Contractor shall consider the
following:
- Pipe strings at major Oued crossings shall be pre-tested prior to installation
and Contractor shall repair leaks (if any) at his own expense;
- The pipeline for crossings shall be designed by Contractor and submitted for
Company approval, Contractor shall demonstrate that the scouring
clearance and bank reinstatement is sufficient to assure the stability and
efficiency of the pipeline.
 The minimum radius of curvature and elastic bending requirements must be
respected in order to prevent excessive cracking and crushing of the concrete over
weight coating;
 After the pipeline has been laid, Contractor shall check its position and verify that it
is continuously laid on the bottom of the excavation;
 Any discontinuity in the support along the pipeline is inadmissible and must be
rectified in a manner acceptable to Company.
The reconstruction of slopes where the trench crosses the oued banks shall be done with
rocks according to doc. Typical for Reconstruction of Slope in Oued Crossing (Ref. [32]).
15.1.2 Minor and Moderate Oued Crossings

Minor and Moderate Oued crossings shall be realised in accordance with typical drawing
“Typical for Oued Crossing (Class A-B-C)”. The minimum pipe cover below the scouring
depth shall be ensured according to typical drawings unless otherwise specified in the
construction drawings (i.e. alignment sheet).
15.1.3 Erosion Protection of Oued Banks

The major Oueds that present banks with evident signs of lateral erosion shall be carefully
studied by Contractor in his CEP. In this case stone wall protection or gabions shall be
designed as indicated in the doc. “Typical for Slope Protection – Rock Gabions” (Ref. [31]).
15.2 Areas subject to soil erosion

Prior to commencing work on RoW the Contractor shall evaluate all the areas subject to soil
erosion, especially where gullies appear in the close vicinity of the pipeline axis. These
areas have to be carefully studied, and a detail design and construction procedure has to
be presented by Contractor in his CEP in order to demonstrate that the pipeline can be
installed in a stable and safe position for its design life. In particular the RoW profile shall be
increased to fit the erosion condition of the area, the pipeline shall be laid below the bottom
level of the surrounding gullies that are present, as an alternative restoration work by rock
gabions shall be used.
In the slope where the trench can determine the preferred washing of water erosions, sand
bags shall be inserted in the trench as indicated in the doc. “Typical for Erosion Protection –
Trench Breakers” (Ref. [33]).
Contractor shall reinforce, where necessary, the backfill where the pipe trench cuts through
the banks of oueds, creeks, streams and ditches. This shall be achieved with sand or earth-

filled sacks, stabilised sand or soil, lean-mix concrete, rock or concrete headwalls as called
for in the approved construction drawings. Bags or sacks shall be of the polyurethane
woven type or similar, sized to allow earth or sand fill.
15.3 Main Road Crossings

Main road crossings shall be realised with the installation of casing pipe according to the
doc. Typical for Main Road Crossing with Casing Pipe (Ref. [18]).
The Contractor shall consider the following:
 All pipeline welds shall be 100% inspected by radiographic system;
 Pipe strings at main road crossing shall be pre-tested prior to installation;
 Contractor shall repair leaks at his own expense.
The casing shall be installed by trenchless method (see section 15.5) or open-cut method,
as indicated in the detail construction drawings, when authorised by Company and the
relevant Authority.
An open-cut crossing can only be performed after the length of casing pipe has been
previously prepared and is ready for laying. The bottom of the trench shall be uniformly
graded and free from loose rock or gravel and other object which might damage the casing
pipe. Suitable bedding material shall be placed. Bedding and padding material shall consist
of fined grade earth or sand with particle size between 0.06 mm and 5 mm, free of salt,
organic material, hard bodies. Immediately after the casing pipe has been laid, the trench
must be backfilled up to the top of the casing pipe with loose material in layers of 30 cm
compacted to 95% of max dry density evaluated with Modified Proctor Test, ASTM D 1557.
The backfill shall be completed using suitable inert material, also compacted to 95% of the
M.P. value. Compaction tests results shall be submitted to Company for approval.
Prior to welding the casing pipes shall be inspected for ovality or dents, and these defects
must be eliminated by hammering. If the extent of the damage makes this impossible, the
damaged sections must be cut and the weld bevel reinstated, ensuring that the new face is
perpendicular to the centreline of the pipe.
The road surface shall be reinstated immediately to allow the passage of road traffic.
Any excess material remaining after backfilling and that which cannot be spread onsite shall
be transported to a Company approved site or waste disposal facility.
It is Contractor’s responsibility to maintain any day or night signalling equipment in perfect
working order for the entire duration of the work until the permanent reinstatement of the
road sub-grade. Traffic lights may be used, when necessary, for safety reasons.
The vent pipes are to be inserted directly and welded to the ends of the casing pipe prior to
inserting the line pipe according to relevant typical drawings.
Insulating collar spacers shall be installed to the carrier pipe to prevent any contact
between the pipes.
Casing end seal shall be installed to the ends of the casing pipe
On completion of the works, a check will be performed to ensure that the electrical
insulation between the casing and carrier pipe is intact. If, during the test, it is found that
there is contact between the two pipes, Contractor shall identify and eliminate the cause,
even if this means withdrawing the carrier pipe from the casing.

Any road crossing shall be approved by relevant Authority.
15.4 Railway Crossing

A railway crossing shall be formed using a trenchless construction method (see section
15.5) and must be approved by the Railway Authorities prior to work commencing. Crossing
construction shall comply with the details as shown on the detail crossing drawings.
Contractor shall procure all easement permits for crossings, but shall perform no excavation
either side of the railway without approval by the Landowner or the Railway Authority. The
Contractor shall familiarise itself with all the requirements and restrictions imposed by the
Railway Authority and carry out the work in accordance with such requirements.
15.5 Trenchless Installation for Crossing

If casing pipe is required, it shall be installed by a trenchless method (drilling of thrust
boring).
Prior to commencement of any drilling Contractor shall submit to Company complete details
of the proposed construction method for approval. To install the casing pipe with the boring
machine, pits are required at both sides of the crossing. The dimensions of the pits shall be
determined taking into account the space required for setting out the boring equipment and
laying of the pipeline to the specified profile.
The pit sides shall be suitably sloped to prevent cave-in or landslides. To this purpose it
may be necessary, especially when the water table is present in the trench to install sheet
piling against the pit walls suitably sized to resist the earth thrust. Thrust boring shall be
performed at an adequate depth below the crown of the road or railway crossings in
accordance with project drawings.
In case high ground water table is present and risk of soil siphoning or caving occurs at
surface, jacking installation by drilling head with earth pressure balancing control and muck
removal by slurry circulation can be proposed by Contractor for steel casing pipe
installation.
Contractor’s method statement shall demonstrate the safe and effective plan of work
execution; the method statement shall be in compliance with requirement of relevant
Authorities and of crossing owner and submitted to Company approval. Contractor shall be
the solely responsible of the good performance of the work.
15.6 Track Crossings

Track crossings shall be realised in accordance with the doc. “Typical for Track Crossing”
(Ref. [19]). Using open-cut method (without a casing pipe) the work can only be carried out
after the pipeline has been previously prepared and is ready for laying. The excavation
must nevertheless be executed in line with Company requirements and in accordance with
the project design.
Concrete slabs shall be located above the laid pipeline as indicated in the typical drawing
(Ref. [19]) for mechanical protection. Minimum cover for the track crossing shall be 1.5 m.

Immediately after the pipe has been laid, the trench shall be backfilled in layers of 15cm
thoroughly compacted in order to restore the original bearing capacity. No specific soil
compaction grade is required.
During the works, road traffic may be reduced using an alternating one-way system, subject
to the prior direct approval of Company and the relevant authorities/owners.
Night and day signalling equipment must be kept fully operational for the entire duration of
the works until the permanent reinstatement of the track sub-grade.
15.7 Pipeline and Cable Crossings

When an existing pipeline has to be crossed, Contractor shall prepare the procedure for the
crossing of a particular service unless dictated otherwise.
The minimum vertical or horizontal clearance between the pipeline and any underground
facility shall allow easy installation of the new pipeline and the existing pipeline or any other
facility, as shown on the doc. Typical for Underground Pipeline Crossing (Ref.[22]) and
Typical for Underground Cable Crossing (Ref. [24]); concrete slab between the pipeline and
the existing service shall be installed as mechanical protection.
The angle at which a foreign pipeline is crossed shall not be less than 45 degrees unless
approved by Company.
No machine excavation shall be performed closer than 2 m from the exposed location of an
underground facility. The remainder of the excavation on each side of the underground
facility shall be carried out by hand-digging unless Company authorises the use of hand
held power tools.
Contractor shall adequately support the exposed facility at all stages of construction. If
necessary, Contractor shall support both the new pipeline and the existing pipeline in an
approved and permanent manner to prevent any future settlement.
Damage to an exposed existing pipeline shall be avoided through the use of protective
timber cladding.
Work shall be planned and executed so that the existing pipeline is not left exposed
overnight.
Contractor shall carry out interaction tests between the pipeline and an existing pipeline to
determine whether the new cathodic protection system for the pipeline will have any
adverse effects on the existing pipeline or vice versa.
Contractor shall take remedial measures as necessary to keep the two cathodic protection
systems compatible.
At every crossing of a metallic foreign pipeline, Contractor shall install cathodic protection
test leads and bonding leads on the pipeline for bonding to the foreign pipeline. The
required test leads and bonding leads on the foreign pipelines shall be installed by
Contractor as instructed by Company based on the agreement with the other pipeline
Owners.
Backfilling around the new and existing pipeline shall be carried out in such manner as not
to cause damage to the new or existing pipeline. The backfill shall be rammed and
consolidated as specified by owner of the utility to his entire satisfaction. Any coating
damage on the existing pipeline shall be repaired to the satisfaction of the owner before
backfilling. Backfilling shall not increase or decrease the original cover over the existing
pipeline.

15.8 Overhead Power Line Crossing

Contact with overhead electric lines can be lethal whether they are carrying voltage as high
as 400 kV or as low as 240 V. Overhead power lines are not normally insulated and if direct
contact or near contact is made with them i.e. by a crane boom, scaffold pole or similar
conductive material the electrical current will arc to earth across any person or persons in
the immediate vicinity causing serious injury. Power lines may automatically switch off
resulting in claims for loss of revenue from the utility owner.
Each piece of equipment utilized to handle pipe in any way, such as unloading, picking up,
transporting, bending or “lowering in” shall be grounded and may be equipped with a cable
assembly capable of grounding the joints of pipe to the piece of equipment handling that
pipe.
Protective barriers shall be fixed 6 meters (minimum) parallel from the nearest overhead
transmission line. To avoid any equipment coming near the overhead high voltage
transmission lines one of the following will be temporarily erected.
 Non-conductive rope with “Bunting” or coloured flags or any means of barricading
the area as approved by the owner;
 At either side of the passageway or near the goal post, a warning notice with the
following information shall be fixed or installed:
- Clearance height;
- Voltage of the overhead transmission line;
- Advice to drivers/operators to lower their arm/jibs or keep the arm/jibs below
this height.
A minimum distance from electrical poles shall be respected according to doc. “Typical for
Overhead Power Line Crossing and Parallelism” (Ref [25]).
15.9 Crossing of Steep Rocky Areas

Contractor shall identify those areas well in advance before Construction phase and will
propose method statements suitable for each of them with the criteria here below
mentioned. Also proper welding procedure shall be prepared if necessary.
When RoW slope exceeds 15°-20° deg. or (26%-36%), depending on slope section length,
the same cannot be used for wheeled vehicles, either for personnel, material and pipes
transportation. In this case Contractor shall design and prepare temporary by-pass roads to
assure accessibility to all working sites.
As a consequence pipes will not be directly strung along the RoW so that they shall be
stockpiled in downhill area. RoW width can be reduced to suit construction requirements
only.
Contractor shall arrange the RoW and trenching activities considering the soil and slope of
the section. The soil condition leads the selection of equipment either for RoW preparation
or trenching phase.
In case of normal soil (i.e. clay and sand) and low gradient (26%-36%), dozer will be used
for the clearing of slope section, starting from up-hill to down-hill point.
Trenching will be performed by crawler backhoe.
On moderate slopes backhoe may work moving on the pipeline centre line. Else, backhoe
will excavate from trench side on levelled spots.

Pipes may be either strung outside of the trench for subsequent line welding and lowering-
in of the completed column or into position directly into the trench. The first option is
practicable upon verification, by calculation of the stability of the pipeline section.
Consideration must be given to the slope gradient, section length, pipe size and weight.
Pipe string can be secured against accidental shifting by means of adequate restraints
(pegs, wedges, etc.).
When bringing pipes directly into the trench, the operation is carried out concurrently with
welding, each pipe being set into position once the preceding pipe has been welded.
If pipeline section is welded outside of the trench and subsequently lowering-in, precautions
must be taken in order to prevent risky movements.
Contractor shall consider different means to control and retain the string.
Whereas the section is welded directly inside the trench, backfilling shall closely follow
welding, NDT and coating activities. Sand bags trench breakers shall be erected
concurrently (Ref. [33]). While sand bags trench breakers preventing backfilling wash-out,
surface erosion and/or landslip must be as well avoided. This is achieved by means of
draining ditches (Ref. [34]) and/or mattresses across the RoW, if necessary.

16 PIPE LAYING, LINE-UP AND WELDING
16.1 Laying
Laying of the pipe sections alongside the trench or nearby supports for cleaning, welding
and inspection of the pipe coating prior to lowering the welded pipe sections into the trench
shall be done in such manner as to prevent any damage to pipe or pipe coating and to
permit the subsequent operations to be carried out in an efficient manner.
Extreme care shall be exercised to ensure that bent sections of pipe are laid at positions
relative to the trench. The pipe shall be laid in such manner that when pipe is lowered the
bends will rest in the trench at proper locations. Pipe shall be placed on padded timber
skids parallel to the trench and at a sufficient height above the ground to permit adequate
clearance for cleaning, welding and coating inspection operations. The skids shall be
spaced at close enough intervals not to allow the pipe to sag excessively between the
skids.
Skid stacks shall be stable enough so that pipe movement due to expansion and
contraction will not cause the skids to move or pipe to creep off the skids.
The pipe shall be properly cradled and blocked on the skids in a manner that will prevent
the welded sections from creeping off the skids.
16.2 Cleaning
The interior of each pipe length shall be carefully inspected for the presence of dirt, loose
mill scale, or other foreign matter before being lined-up for welding. The interior shall be
cleaned with a suitable swab with compressed air by running cleaning pigs through or by
any other means acceptable to the Company. Cleaning shall be done on the same day
when the length is being welded on the line. Open ends of welded pipeline sections when
not attended and at the end of each workday, shall be effectively and securely capped to
prevent the entry of animals or foreign matter.
All open ends that will not be worked on for an extended time including night periods, shall
be securely closed with night caps which shall not be removed until resumption of work.
When located in any flood area or swamp area where water could enter the pipe, water-
tight night caps shall be used. Line –up for welding pipe shall be strung end-to-end such
that the pipe ends carefully line-up for welding, using suitable internal or external line-up
clamps to ensure accurate alignment and spacing. Longitudinally welded pipe shall be
lined–up so that the longitudinal seam weld on adjacent lengths are staggered by not less
than 100 mm apart and are located in the top quarter of the pipe. The longitudinal seam
shall remain in the top quadrant of the pipe after the pipe is lowered into the trench.
All field cutting and re-bevelling of pipe necessary to maintain correct alignment, spacing
and offsets, or remove sections of pipe that are damaged by Contractor, shall be done by
Contractor at his own expense without any additional cost to Company.

17 LINE-UP BEVELLING WELDING AND NDT

The welding and inspection of pipeline shall be carried out in accordance with the indication
and criteria of the Specification for Welding of Pipelines (Ref. [14]).
Contractor shall prepare the bevel for all diameter pipes. No claim shall be made by the
Contractor to Company in order to prepare the bevelling before or after the automatic or
manual welding has taken place. The equipment used for bevel facing and cleaning such
as mechanical cutting, grinding, brushing, etc. shall not cause any detrimental metallurgical
effects to the edges to be welded. Accordingly arc air gouging, flame gouging and chipping
shall not be permitted. Bevel facing may only be carried out by mechanical means (bevel
face cutters) or by flame cutting. Edges of faced bevels shall be left free of slag and debris.
Fitting and pipe ends, when bevel faced, shall be regular and faced to correct angle in
accordance with the applicable welding procedure specification. Bevel repair by welding
shall not be permitted.

18 FIELD JOINT COATING
18.1 Field Joint Coating

Coating of welded field joint shall be carried out in accordance with project specification
(Ref. [12]). Field joint coating type and materials must be approved by Company.
Contractor shall submit the field joint coating procedure for Company approval. After
obtaining Company’s approval for the coating procedure specification, including the
proposed test methods and acceptance criteria, Contractor shall qualify the procedure. The
Contractor specialist shall carry out procedure qualification test on site. All coating
procedure qualification tests shall be witnessed by Company.
Contractor shall give Company seven (7) working day notice to enable Company to witness
all procedures and tests. Contractor shall produce minimum three test simulated field joints
on a factory coated pipe of each diameter and wall thickness. The factory applied coating
shall be removed from each field joint area by suitable tools plus blast cleaning. Then, a
weld bead shall be carried out in the centre of the joint to simulate a typical field joint
configuration. Contractor shall coat the simulated field joint with the specified coating
system in accordance with the approved field joint coating procedure.
18.2 Inspection and Repair Coating

CONTRACTOR shall visually inspect all incoming coated pipe, coated bends and
continuous concrete coated pipe (if any). Any areas damaged on the coated pipe and bend
shall be subjected to holiday detection to assess the full extent of the damage.
18.3 Repair of Anticorrosion Coatings

Contractor shall inspect and repair plant applied pipe coating and pipe bend coating
damage without concrete coating in accordance with the doc. Specification for Painting and
Protective Coating (Ref. [10]).
Contractor shall perform visually and electrically inspection (100%) on the surface of
pipeline (field joints, pipes, bends, etc.) by using direct current voltage gradient (DCVG)
survey techniques in accordance with the above specification. Contractor shall repair all
defects due to mechanical damage and other defects identified by the holiday detector. All
coating repairs and all recoating shall be re-inspected both visually and electrically after the
repaired coating has attained its proper cure.
Repaired and recoated areas shall be 100 percent holiday free. Coating repairs shall not be
applied to a surface that has a temperature outside of the minimum and maximum
temperatures recommended by the manufacturer of the coating repair materials.
Contractor shall submit repair procedure for pinholes and large defects in the pipeline
coating to Company for approval and the procedure shall be qualified in advance for field
coating work to the satisfaction of the Company.

19 TIE-INS
19.1 Pipe String Tie-In

Contractor shall perform all work necessary to tie-in separate welded pipeline sections, into
a continuous system. Contractor shall bevel, align and weld the pipe in accordance with the
requirements of welding specifications. Welding after the pipe has been lowered into the
trench (bell hole welding) shall be carried out only where sufficient clearance has been
provided to enable the welders to exercise normal welding skills and abilities and to allow
sufficient space for NDT.
During tie-in operations Contractor shall avoid actions or operations that will induce a
curvature that with the other acting loads results in an equivalent stress on the pipeline
geometry greater than the allowable specific minimum yield strength (SMYS) of the pipe
material. Contractor shall prepare calculation to be included in CEP.
Contractor shall perform the tie-in as soon as practicable after lowering-in of the pipe
strings and shall observe the maximum and minimum tie-in temperatures based on the
prevailing temperature conditions.
Extended periods between lowering-in and tie-in shall only be allowed when the specified
tie-in temperature is not reached and at tie-in of hydraulic test section.
Short lengths of pipe required for tie-ins or matching pieces ('pups') shall be cut from
undamaged pipe. The minimum length of any cut length or 'pup' shall be 2.5 metres. All
cutting shall be performed by an approved pipe cutter or thermal cutting and bevelling
machine. Manual cutting shall not be permitted.
Contractor shall carefully remove sufficient coating to allow for the cutting of pipes and their
subsequent welding NDT and re-coating, in accordance with the requirements of project
specifications.
All pups of 2.5 m or more in length that are cut off at the tie-in points shall not be allowed to
accumulate but shall be moved ahead on a daily basis by the Contractor as the Work
progresses and welded into the line. In no case shall more than three welds be included in
a 10 m long pipe section.
All tie-in welds shall be coated and 100 percent inspected by radiographic system. It is
preferred to perform tie-in weld over the trench at ground level. When it is necessary to
make tie-in welds in the trench, a bell hole shall be dug on the sides and under the pipe to
provide adequate clearances for making the tie-in welds properly. Trench boxes or sheet
piled boreholes shall be installed to prevent collapse. The pipe ends shall be lined up for
welding using an external line-up clamp.
Under no circumstances shall the line be left in tension after tie-in operation has been
completed. Tie-in welds in restrained sections of the line shall be made when pipe
temperature is at minimum (during the coolest part of the day).
19.2 Final Tie-Ins

Tie-ins of adjacent pipeline sections already pressure tested shall be carried out with a
single weld whenever possible. The pipe sections should not overlap or have appropriate
length. Single pups with a minimum length of 2.5 m, previously hydrostatically tested, shall
be used to make the tie-ins.

19.3 Protection against Induced Voltage Effects

Pipelines installed within areas of high voltage lines may be electrically influenced by these
lines. The induced voltage that could be hazardous to the personnel working on the
pipelines prior to performing the work, Contractor shall specify and submit for Company
approval a detailed safety procedure for the mitigation of the induced voltage effects.
Induced voltage may also have an adverse effect on welding performance.

20 LOWERING-IN
No pipe shall be lowered into the trench until the trench has been inspected, prepared and
approved for receiving the pipe.
Lowering-in operations shall not be carried out except in the presence of Company. If such
work is carried out in Company’s absence, Contractor may be required to lift the pipeline
out of the trench so that Company can inspect the condition of the trench under it.
Company shall have the right to stop the lowering-in operation if in its opinion the lowering-
in method is causing damage to the pipe coating.
All lifting equipment shall be subject to safety checks in accordance with the safety checklist
established by Contractor and regulatory requirements. Skilled personnel shall perform and
report the required lifting equipment safety check.
Contractor shall notify Company of the date of installation of pipe strings a minimum of 48
hours in advance.
Prior to lifting of the pipeline all personnel shall vacate the trench, leave the area between
the pipe string and the trench and the area between the lifting equipment and the pipe
string.
All As-Built requirements, in accordance with the Contract, shall be carried out during the
installation.
Wide nylon belts of sufficient width and safe working loads (with Certificate lifting) shall be
used for lowering. It is strictly prohibited to use any type of roller cradle for pipe installation.
Immediately prior to lowering-in the entire length of section shall be holiday tested in the
presence of Company inspectors and any necessary repair carried out as per Company’s
satisfaction. The pipe shall be lowered into the trench gradually and uniformly. The side
boom tractors shall be of sufficient number and capacity, and shall be placed at close
enough intervals to prevent sagging, sliding, overturning or buckling of the pipe. The pipe
shall not be dragged, dropped or subjected to any jarring or impact.
When the line is lowered in place, it shall conform to the trench bottom without requiring any
external force to hold it in place. The trench bottom shall be properly graded to support the
pipe along its entire length. Any voids under the pipe shall be carefully filled with loose,
clean soft earth or sand.
When lowering long sections of pipe, the side-boom tractors shall leapfrog along the trench
line leaving enough equipment holding the pipe to prevent it from sliding against the trench
wall, overturning or buckling. Extra care shall be taken to ensure that the pipe coating is not
damaged when removing the lowering-in slings from the pipe. Contractor shall excavate
around the slings if necessary to clear them and to prevent them dragging excessively
against the coating after the pipe has been lowered-in. The coating of lowered-in pipe shall
be closely inspected for damage resulting from the lowering-in operation. In the event of
such damage, or if the pipe coating is damaged after the pipe has been lowered-in, the pipe
shall be raised from the trench and all damaged coating repaired.
Sections of pipe shall not be dragged or pulled into position for tie-in into the line. The
length of pipe sections shall be adjusted to allow tie-in operations to be affected without
resorting to dragging or pulling. The pipe sections shall be lowered in such a manner that
the pipe bends will fit the corresponding bends in the trench. For this purpose, Contractor
may lower sag bends first and anchor them with backfill. Lowered sections of pipe, if not to
be immediately tied-in, shall be “crotched” off the trench bottom with padded skids and the

open ends secured with water tight night caps to prevent the entrance of sand, water or
animals. The caps shall not be removed until the pipe is ready to be tied-in.

21 BEDDING, PADDING AND BACKFILLING
21.1 Backfilling Procedure

A detailed backfilling procedure shall be submitted to Company for approval prior to
commencing this activity and taking into account provisions of this section of the
construction specification.
The trench may be backfilled by means of angle dozers, front-end loaders, backfilling
machines or other suitable equipment approved by Company.
The backfilling operation shall follow the lowering-in operation as closely as possible, in
order that the pipe may be anchored to the ground and to avoid exposing the pipe coating
to excessive temperatures or inclement weather.
Backfilling the trench shall be executed with extreme care in order not to damage pipe or
pipe coating. Wherever deemed necessary by Company, the initial layers of backfill shall be
deposited by hand.
Backfilling shall be done in such a manner as to ensure that the space below and up the
sides of the pipe are filled with suitable backfill material as specified in the following
sections up to the required level above the crown of the pipe. The remaining backfill shall
be accomplished in a manner that will not disturb the initial layers of backfill material placed
around and over the pipe.
When the trench has been filled up to the specified level above the crown of the pipe with
suitable material the backfill shall be compacted using an acceptable method, approved by
Company, which will ensure compaction of the backfill material without deflecting or
flattening the pipe. The remainder of the trench backfill shall also be compacted.
In certain areas Company may require that compaction of backfill is carried out using hand
operated machinery or water packing. After the backfill has been satisfactorily compacted,
all remaining excavated material shall be heaped over the centre of the trench and
feathered out to ground level for a distance of 500 mm to 600 mm beyond each side of the
trench. On the centreline of the trench, the backfill shall be built up to a height above the
adjoining ground level of not less than 200 mm and not more than 400 mm, except at
special locations requiring flat finished ground. No excavated material shall be left on the
RoW.
Backfilling shall be completed prior to any hydrostatic testing activity.
Backfilling of all side bends, over bends and sag bends shall be performed immediately
after lowering. In no case shall backfilling of bends be performed later than the evening of
the day in which the bends are lowered into the trench. Pipe bends shall be covered for a
distance of at least 4 m to each side of the centre of the bend.
Any backfilling omitted for the installation of pipeline appurtenances, cathodic protection
test leads, tie-in welds, etc. shall be performed immediately after such installations have
been completed and approved.
21.2 Backfilling Materials

In general, the trench shall be backfilled using the same materials excavated from the
trench, except where materials are being judged by the Company as being unsuitable, and
shall be subjected to the requirements specified below.

Under no circumstances foreign material such as ash, decay able material, construction
refuse, site waste, oil or oil-soaked dirt shall be placed in the trench or allowed to become
mixed with acceptable backfill material.
No containers, cans, drums timber, skids, rope brush, welding rod or other debris, waste or
refuse shall be placed in the trench. All such material shall be removed from the RoW on a
daily basis and disposed of in a manner acceptable to Company.
Bedding and padding: the initial layers of backfill material (below, around and on top of the
pipe) shall be formed using suitable backfill material. Suitable bedding and padding material
shall be prepared on site from the excavated spoil, included by screening if necessary.
Where there is insufficient loose earth from the trench spoil to provide suitable material,
Contractor shall obtain, load, haul and place acceptable material at no additional cost to the
Company.
Suitable bedding and padding material is defined as fine, loose, soft earth or sand free of
salt, organic material, sharp gravel, rock, hard clods of earth, hard objects, vegetation,
organic materials or any other detrimental matter or foreign objects that could damage the
pipe or coating. The particle size shall be between 0.06 mm and 5 mm.
After bedding preparation and immediately following lowering in of pipeline, filling with
padding material shall commence. At first sufficient quantity of material surrounding the
pipe shall be placed and the fibre optic cable and warning tape shall be installed in
accordance with typical drawing ((Ref.[17]) and specification (Ref.[6]) .
Then the material shall be piled to a depth over the crown of the pipe such that it ensures
an annular layer of this material all around the pipe as per typical drawing (Ref.[17]).
Contractor shall demonstrate that the lowered section can be completely sand padded as
one continuous operation.
Backfilling: the remainder of the trench shall be backfilled with excavated material according
to typical drawing (Ref.[17]). The trench shall not be backfilled until the Company has
approved the position of the pipe in the trench, its fit to the trench and its depth, and the
sand padding around and above the pipeline. Contractor may be required to uncover that
section for inspection at his own expense.
Minimum laboratory tests for backfill materials to be supplied by Contractor are:
1. Granular Analysis;
2. Sand Equivalent.
21.3 Backfilling in Rocky Area

Where the trench is excavated in rock, Contractor shall obtain suitable backfill material
above from pre-approved sources, whatever the distance. The backfill material shall be
used for bedding and padding as specified in the paragraph above. Contractor shall load,
haul and place the suitable backfill material at no additional cost to Company.
The trench bottom padding in suitable backfill material shall be placed to a level of 200 mm
above the highest rock outcrop in the bottom of the trench.
Where no suitable backfill material is available, “Rock shield” or an approved equivalent
may be used to protect the pipeline. The protection method shall be subjected to
Company’s approval. The remainder of the trench shall be backfilled with material free of
any rocks, as per the typical drawing (Ref.[17]).

Contractor shall dispose of all surplus rock removed from the trench in a manner
acceptable to the Company.
21.4 Backfilling at Special Locations

Contractor shall provide a diversion berm on sloping terrain across the RoW as required
directing the flow of water into the normal irrigation furrow to prevent erosion and washout
of the backfill.
All watercourse banks, sides of drainage ditches, and all open cut earth road crossing shall
be backfilled in 150 mm. Each layer shall be thoroughly compacted by suitable compacting
equipment to provide a good bond between the undisturbed sides of the trench and the
new backfill material. Contractor shall adequately protect all openings made in the backfill
material against washout and erosion, in a manner satisfactory to Company. Backfill at
special locations shall be maintained by Contractor until the entire activity has been
completed and accepted. No extra cost will be incurred by Company for work arising out of
repairing backfill damaged by flood, washouts, slides, setting or other conditions. Contractor
shall be liable for all damages to third party facilities during construction activities.

22 CLEAN UP AND LAND RESTORATION
22.1 Clean Up
Cleaning up the RoW shall include, but not necessarily be limited to the following:
 Cleaning up and disposal of all refuse, debris, waste and rubbish such as brush,
rock, skids, barrels, drums, cans, etc., resulting from the construction operations;
 Removal of all equipment, tools and facilities used in the execution of the work;
 Removal of all surplus and defective materials:
 Reinstatement of the surrounding ground to a condition equivalent to that prior to
the works.
 Reinstatement of all natural drainage courses to their original condition or to any
condition required by Company.
Any holes, ridges, cuts and other surface irregularities resulting from Contractor’s activities
shall be filled and levelled. Surrounding ground shall be restored to a stable and usable
condition as may be reasonably required and consistent with the condition of the ground
prior to pipeline construction.
22.2 Restoration
Reinstatement of the land as closely as possible to its original condition is a target of the
pipeline construction completion. Immediately upon the completion of backfilling operations,
Contractor shall clean up the RoW and adjoining areas used for the construction to the
satisfaction of Company.
During land restoration works the RoW shall be carefully graded and in mountain/hilly
areas, Contractor shall install erosion-prevention measures such as interceptor dikes, which
are small earthen mounds constructed across the RoW to divert water.
As a minimum the following restoration measures shall be carried out:
 The areas affected by construction shall be brought back to existing conditions
before construction;
 The restoring operations shall be carried out by an appropriate team, which will
remain operating until the end of the whole work. Restoration shall be performed
according to the requirements of the relevant central and/or local authorities;
 The personnel shall be trained on necessary precautions to be taken in case of
emergency (e.g., fire, leakage, etc.);
 Alternative pipeline construction techniques shall be used in order to minimize the
impacts on the adjacent properties and terrain
 The refilled soil should be compacted to an appropriate extent, wherever possible,
leaving a sufficient amount of heap on the pipe route against further compaction;
 The heap mentioned in the above item should not impede human and/or wildlife
from crossing the pipe RoW;
 The access roads to the RoW, which will not be used for maintenance purposes
after the completion of the Project, shall be duly closed, and the terrain shall be

restored so that it would be brought back to its original conditions before the
construction;
 All waste materials, branches, stubs, support pieces used for pipes, large stones,
pebbles, excess earth from excavation, etc. shall be removed, collected and
transferred to disposal areas according to the indications of relevant authorities
(e.g., municipalities, governorships, etc.). The latter may be spread on the ground
surface if permitted by the authorities and approved by the owners of the areas
involved. Waste, unnatural dirt and polluting matters have to be deposited in areas
foreseen or prepared for such purpose;
 All pipes, pipe stubs and any other material which have not been used for the
assembly or which are abandoned along the line due to defects or other causes
shall be transferred and stored in places indicated by relevant authorities;
 Site clearance shall be performed by manpower or appropriate machinery. Dozers
should not be used, if possible, for the reason that their blades displace the topsoil
layer, particularly if it is thin, and mix it with the lower ground strata;
 RoW shall be monitored during and for some period after the pipeline is buried to
assure proper mechanical functions or to identify structural conditions resulting in
leaks or ruptures. In case of such conditions, immediate action shall be taken to
prevent or mitigate the disturbance to the environment;
 Camp sites shall be set up giving minimum disturbance to the environment, and
when they are removed, the area shall be restored, so that it would be brought back
to conditions at least equivalent to those existing before the construction;
 Temporary storage areas shall be restored, and brought back to conditions not
lower than those existing before construction;
 Borrow quarries shall be restored and brought back to conditions not lower than
those existing before construction, if feasible. Otherwise, they shall be restored to a
level determined by the authorities;
 All restoration works shall be completed until the end of the time frames settled for
the reinstatement of areas and quarries utilized for the project.
Clean up work shall be continuous and will be inspected by Company accordingly. All
general or first pass clean-up shall be completed ahead of the hydrostatic testing operation.
Contractor shall be responsible for all claims which may result from damage caused off the
right of way and shall make all necessary repairs and restorations at his own expense.
Contractor and Company shall cooperate to contact landowners and proper authorities to
procure their consent and instructions in order to leave their premises in a condition
acceptable to such owners and authorities.
Contractor shall perform, at his own expense, all repair work necessary to restore any
facilities and utilities cut or damaged by his operations to their original condition. Contractor
shall furnish asphalt or other paving materials, sand, gravel, shell or other sub grade
materials to restore the cut road to its original condition and grade to the satisfaction of the
owner/authority. The shoulders, ditches, banks and slopes of all roads crossed shall be
restored to their former condition in accordance with the drawings and specifications.

22.3 Restoration of Agricultural Areas

Agricultural areas include any area that is currently being used or can be used for
agricultural purposes. The most common items to be compiled with while passing through
an agricultural area is given below:
 The topsoil, when it has to be put aside during excavation, shall be spread again on
the site with utmost care, providing a uniform thickness of the layer, not leaving
behind stones and materials coming from the lower ground strata;
 Necessary precautions need to be taken to minimize the disturbance to the vicinity;
 The excess earth due to the volume of the buried pipeline shall be spread properly
to leave an appropriately level ground surface. The amount of hump to be left on the
pipeline against settlement of the soil in time shall be designed carefully and owners
of the land shall be informed on the necessity of leaving such a hump;
 Areas with particular vegetation (olives or fruit trees) which have been crossed; shall
be re-vegetated after construction so that they would be brought back to conditions
at least equivalent to those existing before the construction;
 After the construction process, the areas except for the RoW shall be opened to
owners’ usage with the condition of obeying security requirements.

23 CATHODIC PROTECTION SYSTEM

Installation of Cathodic protection (CP) system of pipelines shall be based on the following
documentation:
 Cathodic Protection Philosophy (Ref. [2]);
 Cathodic Protection – Pipeline Typical test Point Drawing (Ref. [7]);
 Cathodic Protection Schematic (Ref. [8]);
 Cathodic Protection Design Report (Ref. [9]);
 General Specification for Cathodic Protection Material (Ref. [15]);
 Pipeline Construction drawings

24 PIPELINE PRESSURE TEST AND PRE-COMMISSIONING

Contractor shall carry out the hydrostatic pressure test and the pre-commissioning of the
pipeline as indicated in the doc. Pipeline Hydrostatic Pressure Test Specification (Ref.[3])
and doc. Dewatering, Drying and Pre-Commissioning Specification (Ref. [4]).

25 LINE VALVE AND PIG TRAP STATIONS

Line Valve and Pig trap stations shall be located as indicated in the project drawings.
Contractor shall comply with the mechanical, civil, electrical, instrumentation
telecommunication construction requirements when developing the construction procedure
that shall be submitted for Company approval.
All obstacles preventing the execution of the work or the construction of the plant in areas
destined to receive the same shall be removed. On completion of the clearance work, the
area shall be appropriately levelled to allow the construction work to proceed.
Contractor shall also:
 Provide a necessary embankment when foreseen by specifications and project
drawings;
 Construct access road to the plant suitable for the passage of vehicles (where
required);
 Install a boundary fence/wall (where required);
 Construct all the mechanical, civil, electrical, instrumentation and telecommunication
installations as per Project documents and specifications;
 Construct all necessary supports;
 On completion of the work, reinstate the area surrounding the fence.
Valves, fittings and appurtenances shall be properly supported and anchored in their final
location. The material shall be handled by using suitable equipment and method so as to
avoid impact stress and damage to the coating. Hoisting and handling shall not be done at
delicate parts such as hand wheels, stems, flanged joints, by-pass and other parts that
could be damaged.
Underground valves shall be installed in a horizontal position, preventing tension at welded
joints: for this purpose sufficient pipeline section upstream and downstream from the valve
shall be laid aligned with the valve. The above-ground sections at valve and pig trap
stations shall be supported in a substantial and workmanlike manner, so as to prevent or
damp out excessive vibration and shall be anchored sufficiently to prevent undue strain on
the pipeline.
Disassembling or loosening of flanged connections, not tested in place, is not allowed. The
Contractor shall assemble flanged valves and flanged pipe sections before installation after
suitable preparation.
During welding for connection to the pipeline, the valves shall remain completely open and
shall meet at the same time any other instruction of the Manufacturer.
Prior to commencing the work, Contractor shall submit a stress analysis report to the
Company for approval.
The block valves and the above ground piping shall be tested separately from the pipeline
in accordance with doc. Piping Hydrotest Pressure Test Specification (Ref. [35]). No cut or
replacement in the valve assembly shall be allowed after hydrostatic testing. During
installation all the valve supplier’s requirements must be fully complied with. Any valves
damaged as a result of not complying with this requirement shall be replaced by Contractor
at his own expense.

25.1 Above Ground Piping

Above ground piping shall be installed levelled and squared in all directions and true to line
and grade as established on-site. Heating or bending to correct any misalignment shall be
strictly prohibited.
Pipe, fittings, valves, etc. shall be cleaned on the inside by approved methods prior to
assembly. After assembly the piping shall be cleaned and painted.
Above ground piping shall be adequately supported to maintain alignment and prevent
excessive stresses and vibrations. Pipe supports shall be designed by Contractor and the
design drawings submitted to Company for approval.
25.2 Corrosion Protection of Above Ground Piping

Unless otherwise specified, all the above ground piping sections shall be painted in
accordance with project specification (Ref.[10]).
Contractor shall provide Company with all painting procedures for approval prior to the
commencement of any painting works.
Contractor shall be responsible for the cost of testing, repairing or replacing of any
paintwork.
25.3 Insulating Joints

Insulating joints shall be installed at the locations shown on the project drawings.
Handling and installation of the insulating joints shall be carried out with all precautions
required to avoid any damage and excessive stresses. The original pup length of the
insulating joints shall not be reduced.
During the execution of in-line connection welding, the propagation of heat shall be
avoided.
The insulating joints shall be inspected by Contractor before welding into the pipelines to
check the electrical resistance, the integrity of the internal and external coating, and the
spigot seal.
The electrical insulating resistance test shall be carried out using a DC megger. The results
of the test will be acceptable when the insulating resistance across the joint is more than
one mega Ohm. The tests shall be repeated after installation and welding of the joints into
the pipeline to verify that the assembly is undamaged and in proper service.
The check will be carried out with a portable DC source, voltmeter and a Cu/CuSO4
reference cell as follows:
 Open all shunt or bonding and measure the natural potential value upstream and
downstream of the insulating joint;
 Connect the DC source at one side of the joint until a potential negative swing of
400 mV minimum is achieved with respect to the natural potential;
 Measure the pipe potential versus the reference cell, on the side of the joint not
affected by DC source.
The insulation shall be considered efficient if the measured potential value will be equal or
consistent with the natural potential value previously measured.

If the results are different from those expected, Contractor shall verify the efficiency of the
surge-diverter.
The electric measurement results documented by Contractor shall be transmitted to
COMPANY for recording.

26 PIPELINE SIGNALLING
Contractor shall supply and install the pipeline markers at locations and of details as shown
on the doc. Typical for Pipeline Markers (Ref. [30]) and construction drawings.
Aerial markers shall be installed at 1 kilometre intervals. Pipeline railway, road and track
markers shall be installed on each side of railway, road and track crossings. Marker posts
shall be placed at 250 m intervals, at existing service crossings, on either side of oued
crossings, at changes of direction and where required.
Pipeline markers shall be sufficiently elevated above ground to allow them to be clearly
seen from a distance and remain visible above normal vegetation.

27 TELECOMMUNICATION CABLE AND FACILITIES

A telecommunication fibre optic cable shall be installed inside the pipeline trench according
to doc. Installation Specification for Fiber Optic Cable (Ref.[6]) and Pipeline construction
drawings.

28 COMPLETION OF CONSTRUCTION WORK

The work activities completion has to ensure the successful transition of the pipeline from
construction to commissioning.
 Conformity checks;
 Hydrostatic, and other field testing;
 Cleaning of all lines and equipment by flushing or blowing;
 Installation of all instruments;
 Checking of electrical and instrumental connections;
 Checking of earthing (grounding) system;
 Painting activities, as required;
 Removal of all temporary mechanical completion works;
 General area clean up;
 Completion of restoration work;
 The issuance of proper mechanical completion certifications required;
 Preparation of As-Built dossiers;
 Preparation of regulatory aspect dossier for gas in.
Contractor shall submit to Company for approval fully detailed specifications, designs,
calculations, procedures and schedules as required to complete the completion of the work.

29 AS-BUILT DOCUMENTS
29.1 General
This section details the minimum requirements to be complied with by the CONTRACTOR
for the collection and computation of field data and preparation of as-built technical
documents of the laid pipelines.
29.2 As-Built Requirements

The Contractor shall provide all personnel, equipment and instruments for the survey and
recording of the site information and for preparation of the as-built documents and
drawings.
To perform the work, the Contractor shall provide experienced land surveyors, engineers
and draughtsmen throughout the duration of the construction works.
The Contractor shall ensure that topographic survey and other data are properly collected
prior to backfilling operations.
To perform the work, the Contractor shall use advanced survey instruments and equipment
(i.e. total stations instrument, theodolites, GPS). The survey equipment to be used shall be
suitable to achieve the required project tolerance and shall be operated by qualified
personnel, experienced in the use of such equipment.
29.3 As-built Survey
29.3.1 General
Contractor shall carry out and document the as-built survey (topographical survey) of the
pipelines and all appurtenances.
Contractor shall carry out all survey activities necessary to obtain all information and data
for the preparation of the as-built drawings and to locate and permanently reference all
survey markers.
Contractor shall prepare a survey report complete with all survey data and information
relevant to the method of survey, type of instruments, origin of the system, monographs and
co-ordinates of every permanent monument and RoW markers.
29.3.2 Field Reference Monuments for Topographic Survey

The field reference monuments for topographic survey shall be the monuments established
along the sides of RoW and bench markers established at plant areas.
29.3.3 Tolerances
For the execution of the As-Built survey the following tolerances shall be observed as
shown in Table 29.A.
Table 29.A – Survey Tolerances

 Traverse Precision better than 1:15.000

 Levelling Maximum distance to aim 50 metres; an average error ±12 mm/km

 Ground profile Elevation ± 2 cm/km
 Distance ± 2 cm/km
29.4 As-built Drawings

The approved "for construction" drawings, including Vendor’s drawings, shall be upgraded
and re-issued by Contractor as "as built drawings". They shall include but not necessary be
limited to:
I. Pipelines route map;
II. Ground profile of pipeline;
III. Pipelines alignment sheet;
IV. Detailed drawing of crossings;
V. Cathodic protection drawings;
VI. Final list of test points installation.
29.5 As-Built Report

Within fifteen (15) calendar days from completion of the as-built survey (topographical
survey), Contractor shall prepare and submit to Company, for approval, a professional and
detailed survey report. The as-built survey report shall include the description of the working
method and equipment / instruments used.
The report shall also include, but not be limited to, the following information:
I. List of co-ordinates, and elevations of all referenced permanent monuments and
permanent and temporary markers used for the as-built survey;
II. Data files together with detailed description of files contents and format. Data files
shall be submitted in tabular form on CD/DVD compatible with Microsoft Excel.
Report shall be written in Microsoft Word;
III. Results of Quality Control on survey data.
29.6 Delivery of As-Built Documents

Within fifteen (15) calendar days from the mechanical completion date of the pipelines,
Contractor shall submit, for Company review two copies of marked-up construction
drawings in as built status. All mark-ups shall be in red.
Final As-Built dossier to be indexed in a format to be approved by Company.
Company will review the drawings transmitted by Contractor within fifteen (15) calendar
days from the receiving date and will notify by written notice the acceptance or comments
for rejection of the received drawings.
All drawings commented or rejected by Company shall be revised corrected or amended by
Contractor. All expenses for the rework, including the necessary fieldwork, shall be to
Contractor charge.
After Company acceptance, Contractor shall prepare and issue the final As Built drawings.

Contractor shall issue the final drawings within thirty (30) calendar days from written
acceptance from Company. The drawings shall be issued on hard copy duly signed by the
approved positions and on CD/DVD in Autocad file format (*DWG), unless otherwise
specified in the Contract.

30 FINAL DOCUMENTATION
Contractor shall gather all data and information for the preparation of the pipes and welds
book of the pipeline system. The format of the pipe book and the recording procedures shall
be prepared by Contractor and approved by the Company.
To carry out such work, Contractor shall provide experienced personnel throughout the
duration of the Construction Works.
The pipe and weld record book shall contain, but not be limited to, the following data:
I. Data relevant to the project and section thereof;

II. Sequential number;
III. Date of stringing;
IV. Length brought forward (for pipes and other materials);
V. Remaining Length;
VI. Alignment sheet number;
VII. Kilometre position;
VIII. Diameter of pipeline;
IX. Length of each pipe;
X. Length of pipe per page;
XI. Wall thickness;
XII. Location of wall thickness changes;
XIII. Pipe number;
XIV. Location and angle of field bends factory bends and in-line fittings;
XV. Cut and renumbered pipe ends;
XVI. Coating;
XVII. Date of welding;
XVIII. Pipeline laying direction;
XIX. Weld numbers;
XX. Welder numbers and stencils;
XXI. Welding Procedures (including type of electrode, diameter);
XXII. Weld treatment;
XXIII. Radiography equipment used;
XXIV. Inspection Reports (welding, coatings and repairs);
XXV. Limit of Plant area;
XXVI. Pressure Test data
XXVII. Approved Mechanical Completion Certificates.
In order to achieve the above, all pipe elements shall be recorded. All pipe pups carried
forward and all rejected pipe shall be tracked and documented for material accountability.
The book will include CD/DVD and hard copy procedure records and reports for submittal to
Company via transmittal after completion of the work and prior to de-mobilisation.

CONTRACTOR should hire a local accredited third party approved by COMPANY to control
all civil structure (concrete, materials test, oued protection, earth behaviour etc.)

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Contractor: Engineering: Project: Company:

Contract n°: OTP/PP/189 OMV/BIMS EPCC PPL

NAWARA PROJECT (PIPELINE)

SPECIFICATION FOR PIPELINE CONSTRUCTION

000 15/07/2015 Issue for Use/Construction MBO SRI BFU

File name: NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-SPE-00001-000.doc

File name: NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-SPE-00001-000.doc

12.3 Bending Inspection ......................................................................................................... 30

File name: NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-SPE-00001-000.doc

25.1 Above Ground Piping ...................................................................................................... 62

File name: NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-SPE-00001-000.doc

1.2 Scope of the Document

File name: NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-SPE-00001-000.doc

Company: OMV (Tunisien) Production GmbH

Project: Nawara Project (Pipeline)

Should Is to be understood as strongly recommended

May be Is to be understood as giving freedom of choice

1.4 Acronyms and Abbreviations

API American Petroleum Institute

File name: NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-SPE-00001-000.doc

1.5 Units of Measurement

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2.1 Applicable Codes and Standards

2.1.1 International Standards

2.1.2 Tunisian Standards

File name: NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-SPE-00001-000.doc

NT109.02 (1985) Safety of Liquid Hydrocarbons Transportation Works by

2.2 Reference Documents

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[30] NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-DRW-00016 Typical for Pipeline Markers;

File name: NAWPPL-BIMS-NPPL-000-YL-SPE-00001-000.doc

3 HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT (HSE)

3.2 Specific Pipeline Activities

3.3 HSE Advisor

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4 QUALITY ASSURANCE – QUALITY CONTROL

4.1 Quality Scope

4.3 Quality Assurance Team

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4.6 Company Inspection

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5 CONSTRUCTION EXECUTION PLAN

1. Welding qualification procedures and welder qualification tests;

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18. Report for calliper survey;

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6.2 CONTRACTOR’s Equipment

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6.3 Contractor Furnished Materials

6.4 Calculations and Drawings

6.5 Engineering Data Books

6.6 Pipeline Risk Assessment

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6.7 Reinstatement Plan

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7 HANDLING AND STORAGE OF PIPE AND MATERIALS

7.1 Pipe Handling Equipment

7.2 Loading and Hauling

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7.4 Storage of Pipe

7.5 Storage of Material other than Line Pipe

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