UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

DETAIL SURVEY ON LOT 2520,

MUKIM 16, BUKIT MERTAJAM,
PULAU PINANG.

MOHAMMAD QHALIL BIN SALIM

DIPLOMA IN GEOMATIC SCIENCE

(AP120)

JUNE 2018
 UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

DETAIL SURVEY ON LOT 2520,

MUKIM 16, BUKIT MRTAJAM,
PULAU PINANG.

MOHAMMAD QHALIL BIN SALIM

Industrial Training Report submitted in fulfillment of

the requirements for the Award of Terms Diploma in
Geomatic Science

Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying.

JUNE 2018
 UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
DECLARATION OF INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT AND
COPYRIGHT
Author’s full name : Mohammad Qhalil bin Salim

Date of birth : 12/07/1997

Title : Detail Survey on Lot 2520, Mukim 16, Bukit

Mertajam, Pulau Pinang

Academic Session : March 2018

I declare that this industrial training report is classified as:

(Contain confidential information)

CONFIDENTIAL
(Contain restricted information as specified by the
RESTRICTED
organization)
OPEN ACCESS (I agree that my report to be published as online open
access (full text)

I acknowledged that Universiti Teknologi MARA reserves the right as follows:

1. The report is the property of Universiti Teknologi MARA.
2. The library of Universiti Teknologi MARA has the right to make copies for the
purpose of research only.
3. The Library has the right to make copies of the report for academic exchange.

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE OF SUPERVISOR

NEW IC NO. / PASSPORT NO NAME OF SUPERVISOR

Date: 02 July 2018 Date: 02 July 2018
 CONFIRMATION BY PANEL OF EXAMINERS

I certify that a Panel of Examiners has met on 03 July 2018 to conduct the final
examination of Mohammad Qhalil bin Salim in his Industrial Training Report
entitled “Detail Survey on Lot 2520, Mukim 16, Bukit Mertajam, Pulau Pinang.” in
accordance with Universiti Teknologi MARA Act 1976 (Akta 173). The Panel of
Examiner recommends that the student be awarded the relevant diploma. The Panel
of Examiners was as follows:

Puan Mimi Diana Bt Ghazali

Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying
Universiti Teknologi MARA
(External Examiner)

Encik Norshahrizan Bin Mohd

Hashim
Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying
Universiti Teknologi MARA
(External Examiner)

Sr. Che Senu Bin Salleh

Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying
Universiti Teknologi MARA
(External Examiner)

SITI MARYAM BINTI

ABDUL WAHAB
Head,
Centre of Studies for
Surveying Sciences and
Geomatics
Universiti Teknologi
MARA, Perlis Branch
Date: 28 DECEMBER 2017

i
 AUTHOR’S DECLARATION

I declare that the work in this Industrial Training Report was carried out in
accordance with the regulations of Universiti Teknologi MARA. It is original and is
the results of my own work, unless otherwise indicated or acknowledged as
referenced work. This thesis has not been submitted to any other academic institution
or non-academic institution for any diploma or qualification.

I, hereby, acknowledge that I have been supplied with the Academic Rules and
Regulations for Post Graduate, Universiti Teknologi MARA, regulating the conduct
of my study and research.

Name of Student : Mohammad Qhalil Bin Salim

Student I.D. No. : 2015832768
Programme : Diploma in Geomatic Science – AP120
Faculty : Faculty of Architecture, Planning and
Surveying
Thesis Title : Detail Survey on Lot 2520, Mukim 16, Bukit
Mertajam, Pulau Pinang.

Signature of Student : ……………………………………………..

Date : 2 July 2018

ii
 SUPERVISOR’S DECLARATION

“I hereby declare that I have read this industrial training report and in my
opinion this report is sufficient in terms of scope and quality for the award of the
Diploma in Geomatic Science”.

Signature :
............................................
Name of Supervisor : Sr. Zaki Bin Ahmad Dahlan
Date : 2 July 2018

iii
 ABSTRACT

Engineering survey is one of the scope in surveying that involves in getting

the information of the features on the earth in precise. Instead controlling the base on
survey site, engineering survey also were used to get the detail of the vertical
information and important features on earth. Based on this case, it requires to get the
details (features) on the site area which is housing area at Glory Everise Home Bukit
Mertajam, Lot 2520 Mukim 16. In this case they need the detail to get the information
and drawing of the features on that lot in order to further their development plan.
The surveyor did the detail survey and collect all the important information on
the lot. Then, they proceed by recording the measurement of any boundary mark
found nearby the site location. This is due to control the base and get absolute
orientation when apply to drawing. Since the true level on the location is still
unknown, the surveyor creating one link to connect one preferable station to any
bench mark which located near to the site location. The value of reduce level on the
bench mark connected will be transfer to the station picked by using specific formula
in calculating reduce level. Once true level is known on station on the site location,
the level for every point can be calculated. It is crucial to know the level for the detail
points that collected, this is because in development they need to know the elevation
of the land and picturise the surface of the lot surveyed in order to ease in planning
and drawing the future development.

iv
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Assalamualaikum W.B.T

First, I want to show my thankfulness to our All Mighty as He gave me

opportunities to involve in and finishing my practical to fulfil the requirement for my
Diploma level. Then, I would like to show my gratitude to my lecturers who
responsible to handle our practical session, Sir Azril Bin Che Mad and Sir
Norshahrizan Mohd Hashim.

Besides that, I would like to appreciate my very handy supervisor, Sir Zaki
Bin Ahmad Dahlan who gave me very informative content and guide to complete my
report perfect. Further, I would like to thanks to my class lecture, Sir Adhar bin Ab
Samad who helped me providing the software to create a plan. Despite that, I also
want to show my gratitude and appreciation to the company who willingly to accept
me as intern under their company Jurukur Damai. All the helping hand and guidance
through all my practical session there were to be my valuable and most appreciate
moment.

Instead of that, I would to thanks my friend members who helped me to

complete my report by sharing some ideas and materials.

v
 TABLE OF CONTENT

PAGES

CONFIRMATION BY PANEL OF EXAMINERS i

AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ii-iii

ABSTRACT iv

ACKNOWLEDGMENT v

TABLE OF CONTENTS x-xiii

LIST OF FIGURES xiv

LIST OF TABLES xv

LIST OF CHARTS xvi

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Introduction to Industrial Training 1

1.1.1 Objectives of Industrial Training 1

1.2 Company Profile 2

1.2.1 Location of The Office 2

1.2.2 Organization Chart 3

1.2.3 Responsibilities and Duties 3-4

1.3 Executive Summary 5

1.3.1 Project Summary 5

1.3.2 Location of The Project

1.3.3 Objectives of The Project 6

vi
 1.3.4 Scope of Work 6-7

1.3.5. Quotation 8-9

CHAPTER TWO: THEORIES AND DEFINITIONS 10

2.1 Introduction to Detail Survey 10

2.2 Type of Control 10

2.2.1 Horizontal Control 10-11

2.2.2 Vertical Control 11-12

2.2.3 Details Survey 12

2.3 Method of Adjustment 12

2.3.1 C-correction 12

2.3.2 M-correction 13

2.3.3 Bowditch Adjustment 13

CHAPTER THREE: PERSONNEL AND EQUIPMENT 14

3.1 Personnel 14

3.2 Equipment Used 15

3.2.1 Equipment for Traversing 15

3.2.2 Equipment for Tacheometry levelling 15

3.3 Level of Involvement 17

CHAPTER FOUR: PROCEDURE OF WORK 18

4.1 Planning 18

4.2 Preparation 19

4.2.1 Documentation
19

vii
4.3 Field Work 19-20

4.3.1 Instrument Calibration 20-21

4.3.2 Horizontal Control 22

4.3.2.1 Automation Method Recording 23

4.3.3 Vertical Control 23-24

4.3.3.1 Tacheometry Levelling 25-27

4.3.4 Adjustment 27-29

4.3.5 Engineering Work: Detail Survey 29

4.4 Data Processing 29

4.4.1 Field book Checking 30

4.4.2 Processing the Data 30-32

4.4.2.1 Exporting the Survey Data 32-37

4.4.2.2 Processing the Data 38

4.5 Final Processing

CHAPTER FIVE: RESULT AND ANALYSIS 39

5.1 Horizontal Control 39-42

5.2 Adjustment. 43

5.2.1 M-correction 43

5.2.2 Bowditch Adjustment 43-44

5.3 Vertical Control 45-46

5.4 Detail Survey 47

5.5 Data Processing 48-49

5.6 Final Product 50-51

CHAPTER SIX: CONCLUSION 52

viii
6.1 Conclusion 52

6.2 Comment 52

6.3 Suggestion 53

REFERENCES 54

APPENDICES 55

ix
 LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

Figure 1.1 Location of The Jurukur Damai Office. 2

Figure 1.2 Location of Survey Site 5

Figure 4.1 Traversing for Lot 2520 21

Figure 4.2 Method of Tachometry Levelling 24

Figure 4.3 Comparison of Connection Between the Boundary Mark 26

Found Site Area

Figure 4.4 Steps of Exporting the Survey Data 30

Figure 4.5 Steps of Exporting the Survey Data) 31

Figure 4.6 Steps of Exporting the Survey Data 32

Figure 4.7 Steps of Processing the Survey Data 33

Figure 4.8 Steps of Processing the Survey Data 33

Figure 4.9 Steps of Processing the Survey Data 34

Figure 4.10 Steps of Processing the Survey Data 34

Figure 4.11 Steps of Processing the Survey Data 35

Figure 4.12 Steps of Processing the Survey Data 35

Figure 4.13 Steps of Processing the Survey Data 35

Figure 4.14 Steps of Processing the Survey Data 36

Figure 4.15 Final Product for Detail Survey (Detail Plan) 39

Figure 5.1 Detail Plan from Pre-Processing 49

Figure 5.2 Drawing of Detail Plan 51

x
 LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

Table 1.1 Quotation 8-9

Table 3.1 Person Involves in Detail Survey on Lot 2520 14

Table 3.2 Equipment Used for Traversing. 15

Table 3.1 Comparison Coordinate from GPS and CP 16

Table 4.1 Differences Between Coordinate of Chosen Boundary 26

mark.

Table 4.2 Bowditch Adjustment Table 27

Table 4.3 Features Recorded and Its Code 28

Table 5.1 Booking of Detail Survey 40-42

Table 5.2 Differences of Coordinate from Chosen Boundary Mark 43

Table 5.3 Bowditch Adjustment Table 44

Table 5.4 Tachometry Levelling Booking 46

Table 5.5 Features Recorded and Its Code 47

xi
 LIST OF CHARTS

CHART TITLE PAGE

Chart 1.1 Organisation Charts of Jurukur Damai, Pulau Pinang 3

Chart 3.1 Involvement for Detail Survey Work on Lot 2520 17

Chart 4.1 Flowchart of Planning for The Detail Survey on Lot 2520 18

Chart 4.2 Flowchart of Processing the Data Survey 37

xii
 CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction to Industrial Training

In this semester student were involved in industrial training in selected

company by them to fulfil the requirement. This last semester the involvement of the
students in industrial training is one of the syllabuses which they need to score to gain
to pass the diploma level. there are three scopes which they need to consider in the
selected company, which is cadastral, engineering and hydrography survey. all these
three scopes must be covered by the students and they need to write a report for each
scope based on the project they join during their training in the company they chose.

1.1.1 Objectives Industrial Training

The objectives of the industrial training are;

i. To create a report based on the project selected during training.

ii. Fulfil the requirement to complete the diploma level which is a student must
join the industrial training.

iii. As exposure to students to the real survey job

iv. Teaches the student on how to discipline during working progress.

v. Sharpen the skills and enhancing the knowledge about survey of the students

vi. Trains the student on how to manage, conduct and finishing the job perfectly
by following the criteria.

1
1.2 Company Profile

Name: Jurukur Damai, Pulau Pinang (branch)

Address: Located at 8, Jalan Permai, Taman Brown 11700 Gelugor, Pulau

Pinang.

Contact
number/fax: 604-6572787 (TEL), 604-6574118 (FAX)
Scope of
work: Cadastral survey and Engineering survey.

Jurukur Damai Pulau Pinang is a small company that established on Pulau

Pinang. It is one of the branches of Jurukur Damai company which the main office is
located at Johor. There are 11 staff working under the company. This company was
under responsible of Sr Mr Peter Wu.

1.2.1 Location of the office

The figures below show the location of Jurukur Damai office.

Figure 1.1 Location of The Jurukur Damai Office.

2
1.2.2 Organisation chart

HEAD MANAGER
Sr Mr Peter Wu

ASSITANCE/CLERK SITE/SURVEYOR
DRAFTER
1. Ms Lim 1. Muhammad Amirul
Encik Ridhwan
2. Ms Goh 2. Muhammad Asyraf

DRAFTER ASSISTANT
Puan Nurul Izzah CHAINMAN
1. Muhammad Fazli
2. Muhammad Izyun
3. Muhammad Asri
4. Muhammad Fahmi

Chart 1.1 Organisation Charts of Jurukur Damai, Pulau Pinang

Source: Jurukur Damai

1.2.3 Responsibilities and duties

1. Sr Mr Peter Wu
i. Responsible to manage the company and becoming the head of manager in
the company.
ii. Make sure all the job is done perfectly by following the working criteria.
iii. Ensuring the output from the job is prepared before its due date.
iv. Having consultation with the client and providing information needed by
the client.

2. Ms Lim
i. Becoming the assistance to head manager
ii. Attending meeting with client
iii. Organise all the propose by the client.

3
 iv. Consulting and dealing with client.

3. Ms Goh
i. Work as clerk in the company.
ii. Managing all the propose and mails given by the client.
iii. Arrange all the job files to the surveyors.

4. Encik Ridhwan
i. As a drafter in the company.
ii. Preparing drawing for the client.

5. Puan Nurul Izzah

i. Helping Encik Ridhwan preparing the drawing for the client.

6. En Muhammad Amirul / En Muhammad Asyraf

i. Responsible on every site work.
ii. Provide the office with survey data for processing.

7. Muhammad Fazli, Muhammad Fahmi, Muhammad Asri, Muhammad Izyun

i. Handling task on site
ii. Surveyor’s assistant

4
1.3 Executive Summary

1.3.1 Project Summary

The project chosen for this report is Details survey on lot 2520 which is a
house for the elders known as Rumah Glory Everise which located at Bandar Bukit
Mertajam, Mukim 16, Daerah Tengah, Pulau Pinang. The client proposed the detail
survey to be done on the lot for the purpose renovation for the house.

1.3.2 Location of the project

The details survey was carried on the address Bandar Bukit Mertajam, Mukim
16, Daerah Tengah, Pulau Pinang on the Lot 2520. The map below shows the location
of the project. The total area for the Lot 2520 is 508m²

Figure 1.2 Location of Survey Site

5
1.3.3 Objectives of The Project

The main objectives of this project are to get the details and generate the
output (detail plan) from the survey data. The client requires the detail plan for the lot
2520 because they need to use it for their renovation proposal which they will intend
to use as reference for renovation planning. The surveyor requires to record all the
important features found on the lot 2520.

1.3.4 Scope of Work

The scope of work that involves in this project are document preparation, field work
and processing.

1. Document preparation

Before beginning the job, a complete document and reference

document need to be prepared. A new file need to be created specifically for
this job, the file entitled GloryEverise Survey. A certified plan, the google
map and any related document or map were also included in the file which
were used as reference for the surveyor on site.

2. Field work.

a) Reconnaissance.
The checking has been done on the lot 2520 to determine the safeties
of the survey area and planning the traversing. Other than that, during
recon the surveyor and the chainman can determine the direction for the
traversing and make sure the direction is clear from obstacle and
dangerous hazard.

b) Station marking
After recon, the marking of the station can be done next. The marking
can use either peg or marking using spray which usually on road that

6
 cannot penetrate. When marking the station, make sure the point (station
established) is visible to each other.

c) Horizontal and vertical control

Horizontal control is created to control the traversing from approaching
the error as well as vertical control.

d) Detail survey.
Next, the surveyor can perform the detail survey after the horizontal
and vertical control is approved and accurate.

3. Processing

This were done in the office after the surveyor finish their survey work
on site. The data from the device will be derived into the computer and will be
processed by the drafter. Then, the drafter will produce the detail plan and to
be given to the client.

7
1.3.5 Quotation.

The table below shows the survey fess for basic engineering survey.

Table 1.1
Quotation for Engineering Survey
Total
No Item Unit Rate (RM)
(RM)

1 1.0 Preparation 1 day 743.00 743.00

2 2.0 General 508 m 370.00 400.00

2.0.1 Flat and undulating area +10.00 (for each

additional 100
i. For each additional 100
square metres
square metres or part
above 200
thereof above the first 200
square metres)
square metres.

3 3.0 Mobilization and demobilization 1 100.00 100.00

party-
i. More than 50 kilometres
day
but not exceeding 150
kilometres

4 4.0 Planimetric control and connection 1.0 km 2.00/metre 2000.00

4.0.1 Flat and undulating area

5 5.0 Height control and connection 1.0 km 450.00/kilometre 450.00

6 6.0 Reimbursable 1 copy 20.00 20.00

i. CP Plan

7 7.0 Supply of document and plan - -

i. One (1) set of tracing paper 1 set

ii. Two (2) sets of paper prints 2 sets

SUBTOTAL 3713.00

8
 8 GST 6% - - 222.78

TOTAL 3395.780

Based on the survey fees able above, the clients need to prepare the payment for the
services for RM 3,395.780 to the company for basic engineering survey.

9
 CHAPTER TWO

THEORIES AND DEFINITIONS

2.1 Introduction to Details Survey

Details survey is one of the branches in the engineering survey since it is

related to precise and details information of spatial data. Details survey were
subjected to get the details for every features man-made or natural found on the
requested area. However, not all features need to record in the data. The features that
need to be recorder must be fix on the ground and can be last long for example lamp-
post. After the detail survey were done, the surveyor or the drafter will deliver the
data from the device (total station) or booking into the software such CAD or CDS
software for processing later. Next, the data can be present on plan which called detail
plan.

2.2 Types of Control

For every survey conducted, it is important to make sure the network of survey
is controlled to get accurate data. For this survey there are two controls need to
consider which is horizontal and vertical control.

2.2.1 Horizontal Control

A. Datum

Datum is very important when starting the survey. It is the first value of
bearing that will be used when the surveyor starts the observation. There is
multiple choice to get the datum perfectly;
i. Using three old boundary marks founded perfectly under tolerance
ii. Using 2 old boundary mark founded perfectly under tolerance
including solar observation to obtain true value.
iii. or by using GPS method for boundary mark founded.

10
 In this project, the surveyor starts the survey by assuming the datum. Then,
the datum will be corrected using m-correction method by using the coordinate
of the boundary mark founded.

B. Type of Observation.

There are few methods of observation in the survey work that can be
choose suit with the current work. From this project, the method of
observation used is basic traversing. In term traversing there are two type of
traverse that can be use which is open traverse and close traverse. Open
traverse defined as a link of traverse that start from known station/point to
another known station/point or may it be link to unknown station/point which
it is called a hanging line. Meanwhile, closed traverse is a traverse that start
from known station/point and close back to the same starting station/point.
This traverse also can be called as polygon traverse, there is a loop of
traversing network.
Based on this detail survey project, the surveyor used both traversing
method. the closed traverse was used to control the traverse loop, while the
open traverse was used to link to station that created on none accessible area
and to pick up the boundary stone found on the lot or adjacent lot.

2.2.2 Vertical Control

A. Levelling

For every engineering survey it is compulsory to state the height of the

point including the details survey job. It is important in the details survey to
obtain the information of the elevation of the points recorded. In this project,
the vertical was controlled by using levelling method. Once the horizontal
survey was finish, the surveyor may proceed with levelling. For this project
the surveyor starts the levelling at station 1 (1001) and link it to the nearest
benchmark founded which is BM 0331 with known reduced level 26.733.

Every survey works requires a specific value for tolerance to achieve

accurate data. In this levelling work, the tolerance of the data can be identified

11
 from the computation of Rise and Fall method or by using High Collimation
method. The result from these methods should be less than the tolerance that
universally fix for levelling which is 0.005m. However, from this project these
methods were ignored as the data is assumed already under tolerance.

2.2.3 Details Survey

Details survey is a survey that requires to record, define, interpret and

visualize the features that found on the earth surface. It is a method in the survey to
describe the position of the features on the surface by using bearing and distance as a
measurement. The features recorded can be man-made or naturally exist on the
surface and these features should be fixate on the ground and does not removable or
easily lost. These features implied does not only at the ground but also those located
below the surface level such deep drain, utilities cables and others related.

2.3 Method of Adjustment

Basic in the surveying work, the adjustment is very crucial to be concern in the
data of survey, this is because the data recorded is not highly accurate and does not
having true value since the starting datum is from assumption bearing. Therefore,
adjustment is needed to correct the recording of data.

2.3.1 C-correction

C-correction is the value that will be used to correct the error found when
there is closed bearing. The closed bearing usually not accurately lie and connect to
the first line where the traversing start, there may be slight miss between the
connection or can be called the gap. This gap should not exceeding its tolerance which
is 00 01 15. Then, the total of C-correction will be divide to all stations in the main
traverse.

12
2.3.2 M-correction

Usually the M-correction value is the value to be used to correct the orientation of
the traversing. The M-correction value can be obtained from various way that suitable
to its case,
a. Obtain from three old boundary marks which is known and has connection to
the lot.
b. Obtain from solar observation which is done on two boundary marks.
c. By using GPS method and comparing the value of coordinate observed with
coordinate from PA plan.

2.3.3 Bowditch Adjustment.

Bowditch adjustment were used at the final step after the C-correction and M-
correction were applied to the booking. Bowditch adjustment will adjust the
traversing by computing to the least square of latit and depart. The total from latit and
depart should be 0 when it adjusted. To check the value is free from error is by
computing the coordinate of station start, plus and minus using latit and depart
respectively until at the end of the computation the result shows the first coordinate
back.
Beside determine error in the traversing data, the Bowditch adjustment can be
using to compute the area of traversing or lot traverse. moreover, the accuracy of the
traverse can be determined by using Bowditch adjustment.

13
 CHAPTER THREE

PERSONNEL AND EQUIPMENTS

3.1 Personnel

In this project, only one team involved to conduct the detail survey on lot
2520. This team (Team A) were led by surveyor Sr Muhammad Amirul and helped by
two chainman who is Muhammad Fazli and Muhammad Fahmi. For this project, I
was given a chance to conduct the survey from the beginning until the end of the
survey and monitored by the surveyor. At early phase, the surveyor asked to join the
chainman to learn the basic procedure of their practices on site. Every important
things that need to be done at first stage of survey such reconnaissance and station
marking were explained perfectly during my involvement as chainman. After that,
when the surveyor verified my mastering in early stage procedure then the surveyor
gives me the task to conduct the detail survey. Starting the survey from horizontal
control, vertical control and then finish to detail survey. All the data recorded were
given to office staff (drafter) to produce the detail plan.

Table 3.1
Person Involves in Detail Survey on Lot 2520
Bil Name Position

1 En. Muhammad Amirul Surveyor

i. En. Muhammad Fahmi

2 Assistant Surveyor
ii. En. Muhammad Fazli

3 Mohammad Qhalil Salim Trainee

14
3.2 Equipment Used.

3.2.1 Equipment for Traversing

Table 3.2
Equipment Used for Traversing
Equipment Function
1. Used for observation during
making traversing
Total station 2. Used to get the position of the
feature. (bearing and distance)

1. Used to hold and levelled the total

Tripod station and prism.

1. Used when creating the traverse by

reflecting the beam emitted from
total station to gain distance.
Prism 2. Used to read point (boundary mark,
station or features) which located
on distant

1. Used to read the features.

Mini prism

1. Attach with the mini prism to get

better grip and constant height (Z)
Pole
for all features observed.

1. Used for station marking.

Peg/Nail

1. Used to measure the depth, length

or width of the features for example
Meter tape
the depth and width of the drain.

15
3.2.2 Equipment for Levelling

Table 3.3
Equipment for Levelling
Equipment Functions
 Used to read the vertical angle
Total Station
and vertical distance of a target

Tripod  Hold the total station on point

Mini Prisms  As the target for the total station

16
3.3 Level of Involvement.

From this project and the working progress involved. The percent involvement
can be said full percent on site since the surveyor gives the job from the first stage of
survey procedure until the detail plan produced. However, the data were processed by
the drafter, but they still give a chance to process the data from RAW data to final
output which is detail plan. The percentage of involvement can be explained through
the pie chart below.

Level Of Involvement For Detail Survey On Lot 2520

Office work
45%

Fieldwork
55%

17
 CHAPTER FOUR

PROCEDURE OF WORK

4.1 Planning

Before starting the survey work, the surveyor must have a plan on how to start
the survey and derived the survey work perfectly without any problem occur later.
The planning will be the guidance to the surveyor if in case there is problem occur
during survey. Besides that, the planning is important because here the surveyor can
make estimation of time and able to minimize the time consuming. The flowchart
below shows the planning that been created for this project,

Site reconassiance
Preparing document
1. Design the
(CP, pre-comp plan traversing loop Station marking
and any related
documents) 2. Find the nearest
TBM/BM

Pickup the details of

Start levelling and
connect the main
traverse with the
nearest BM
the features (detail
survey) and observe
the boundary stone Create main traverse
found
simultaneously.
(key in total station)

Process the RAW data Produce the final Present to head

(data survey) output (detail plan) manager / client

Chart 4.1 Flowchart of Planning for The Detail Survey on Lot 2520

18
4.2 Preparation

In survey work preparation is one of the criteria that need to be consider as it

is very important when starting the job. This scope preparation highlighted the
preparation of document and data that required for the survey job. Without proper
preparation before starting the job the surveyor may found difficulties during the
surveying progress. The documents are important to the surveyor as it will be used as
reference on site.

4.2.1 Documentation

This documentation is crucial to the surveyor as it is a reference to the

surveyor and will lead the survey work. If the surveyor happens to face the problem
due to survey work, they will use these documents to get solution that probably can
solves the problem.
Document that need to be prepared;

i. Certified Plan
ii. Precomputation Plan
iii. Location of TBM/BM map
iv. Location map (basically google map)

4.3 Field Work

4.3.1 Instrument Calibration

Instrument calibration is a must when to start the survey project. A method

known as differential field test (DFT) is a common calibration method used to
calibrate the total station device. However, the surveyor did not perform any
calibration to this project because surveyor convincedly confirm that the total station
is in a good condition and allowed to be used in site working. This is because the total
station is already calibrated by pillar test calibration and by previous differential field
test. The result from the calibrations show zero error for the total station. Meanwhile,
for the prism there is a slight error found due to instrument flaws, the optical plummet

19
for the prism was noticed broken. They used plumbob (conventional style) which is
hang at the bottom of the prism to replace the function of plummet. This plumbob act
the same function as the function of plummet which is centring the prism to the
station. By using the plumbob it needs some precaution and precise skill since it is
more likely not stable compared to plummet which already install on the prism.

4.3.2 Horizontal Control.

For horizontal control both open and closed bearing were used during the survey
work.

Procedures:

i. The first station (station 2) were established near lot 2520, station 1 was
established as back sight and station 3 established on forward bearing. Next,
the station 4 were established inside lot 2520.
ii. Then, the equipment changed to station 4 and the observation was done on that
station. From station 4 with back sight station 1, the bearing opened to
establish station 5 and station 6.
iii. Next, the equipment was changed to station 5, the station 4 become as back
sight and observed to station 7.
iv. Step ii and iii repeated at station 7 until station 8.
v. Then the traverse closed at station 4 back.

For station 1,2 and 3, the reason for these stations to establish is to ease the detail
survey for the outside of the lot 2520 since the client requested to get the features for
20 metres buffer. Other than that, these stations were used to ease the observation of
the boundary stone on neighbour lot.

20
Figure 4.1 Traversing for Lot 2520

21
4.3.2.1 Automation method recording.

Automation method was used in detail survey, this is to ease the recording of
the numerous data. Besides that, the work period become short since the traversing
and detailing are performed simultaneously.

Procedure:

i. On first station (station 2), on the display panel click the F1 button for OCC
PT. OCC PT is for the first station information. the information required is,
a. ID.
b. Point code.
c. Height instrument.
ii. Next, press the button F3 for BS which to inquire the back sight, same step as
step one repeat to fill the information for back sight station but the height
instrument will change by key in the height target (height instrument at station
2). Then, go to NE/EZ and choose EZ. Key in the backsight bearing (assume
or compute). Before pressing enter, shoot to the back-bearing station (station
2).
iii. After that, to observe and record the forward bearing station. press on button
which shows FS/SS. Next, fill the information (as step ii) for foresight station
(station 3). Then shoot the target (station 3) and once targeted press F4 for
ALL. This will record all information for the target point.
iv. For detail survey, step iii is repeated.

22
4.3.3 Vertical Control

4.3.3.1 Tachometry levelling.

Vertical control that has been used in this detail survey is tachometry levelling.
Tachometry levelling is used to transfer known reduced level (RL) of one permanent
Benchmark(BM) or Temporary benchmark (TBM) to any station from main traverse.
For this method, the surveyor did not apply the procedure of ordinary levelling.
However, the concept they used is still same with the ordinary levelling. The surveyor
used total station and prism to transfer the reduced level. The needs to observe and
record is vertical distance, vertical angle, height target and height instrument only.
From the data recorded, it still can be use the formula which being used to compute
the transferred reduce level.

RL A = RL B + HI ± Vd – HT

RL A = transferred level.
RL B = Reduced level known.
HI = Height instrument.
Vd = Vertical distance for targeted station.
HT = Height target.

Since the BM 0331 was found at the distant length which is at least 1km from
the site area, the surveyor intends to create a long-observed line between instrument
and target point. This is due to difficulties of passage where the levelling was done
besides the main road with heavy traffic and due to reducing time consume.

Procedure:

i. The levelling was start at a point known as station A, from station A the total
station was set up and observation start there. The back sight is station 1 (from
the main traverse) and the foresight were established and marked as change
point 1 (CP 1).

23
 Figure 4.2 Method of Tachometry Levelling.

ii. Then, change to another point established (station B) and change point 1
become the back sight. Another change point was created for forward change
point (CP 2).
iii. The same step was repeated until the levelling reach the bench mark 0331.

24
4.3.4 Adjustment.

There are stages in adjusting the survey data,

a. Applying C-correction
b. Applying M-correction
c. Bowditch adjustment or Transit adjustment/StarNET processing

First thing after the surveyor finish their survey they need to apply the c-
correction for all the survey record. The C-correction were applied to all station on
main traverse (closed traverse). The main traverse for this survey is 4, 5, 7, 8, 6 and
close at 4. The calculation of C-correction was computed as shown as below,

Observed 6-4 159 51 30

Actual reading 6-4 159 51 32
Differences 00 00 02 for all 5 stations
Correction 00 00 0.4 for every stations 4, 5, 7, 8, 6

Therefore, all station in the main traverse will be applied with additional 0.4”.

Next, the traversing created was started using assume datum which might be
the bearing used is not true and result the swing of the traverse occurred. To correct
the orientation of the traversing the M-correction need to apply to every recording in
the field book. The M-correction computed was using the comparison of offset
between the observed offset and the offset from the PO (using coordinate). From the
picked boundary mark, each boundary mark has its own coordinate which can be
obtained from the database (JUPEM2U) or from the PA plan. The differences
between two boundary mark coordinate will gain bearing and distance of offset
between two boundary marks chosen. From the traversing data compute the offset
between the same two boundary marks, then compare with the offset obtained from
two coordinates. From the calculation the chosen boundary mark is boundary mark 9
and 11.

25
Table 4.1
Differences Between Coordinate of Chosen Boundary mark.
Coordinate
Boundary mark
N E
9 -9694.204 18672.041
11 -9638.716 18471.723

Offset from coordinate

105 28 58

Offset from traversing

107 02 21

M-correction = 107 02 21 - 105 28 58

= - 01 33 23

From the calculation, the traversing was applied with M-correction of 01 33

23. This statement can be proven with the connection offset of all three boundary
marks founded. The differences of offset shows that the traversing swings in average
of 01 33 00.

Figure 4.3 Comparison of Connection Between the Boundary Mark Found.

26
 a) 10-9

108 49 35 – 107 16 28 = 01 33 07

b) 10-11

246 29 21 – 244 54 16 = 01 35 05

c) 11-9

107 02 21 – 105 28 58 = 01 33 23

Based on three results the average values of differences is in 01 33 00.

Lastly, the final adjustment is the Bowditch adjustment. The Bowditch

adjustment used for this survey data because the data is not complex and easy to
compute without programmable application. The result from the Bowditch adjustment
are shown as below,

Table 4.2
Bowditch Adjustment Table
Coordinate
Corr. Corr. Adj. Adj.
Stn Bearing Dist. Lat Dep
Lat Dep lat dep N E
4 1000 -1000
269 00 0.00 0.00 -
5 9.994 -0.174 -9.992 -0.174 -9.991 999.826
17 0 1 1009.991
337 39 28.19 - 0.00 0.00 - 1025.90 -
7 26.077 26.077
06 5 10.721 0 1 10.720 3 1020.711
10.69 0.00 0.00 1026.46 -
8 87 00 00 0.560 10.681 0.560 10.682
6 0 1 3 1010.029
161 56 0.00 0.00 1019.49 -
6 7.333 -6.972 2.272 -6.972 2.272
54 0 0 1 1007.757
158 18 20.97 0.00 0.00 -
4 -19.491 7.756 7.757 1000 -1000
05 7 0 1 19.491
77.19
Total 0.000 -0.004 0.000 0.000
5

4.3.5 Engineering Work: Detail Survey

The detail survey was computed after the main traverse established. The
important features that founded on the lot 2520 were recorded including the features
in 20 metre radiuses around the survey lot. The method used to record the details

27
survey is by using automation observation. Automation observation is a method used
to record the details of the observed target into the device (total station) without using
booking. Mostly, this method was used in details survey because details survey
records a lot of details of the features and it is time consuming if using booking
method. Therefore, the alternatives way to replace the booking method is by using
automation observation, the surveyor can record a lot of data without any problem.
Other than that, the derivation of the RAW data will be easier because the data
is already prepared. The data will be derived from the device to form RAW file and
this RAW file will be processed so it can be presented in the CAD software. After
process the file, import into CAD software and the data will be lay out into point and
the drafter will digitize the point into one complete shape of the features. Even though
the automation observation was used, it is still necessary to record the main traverse
and the observation of the boundary mark using booking method due to check the
accuracy of the data.

Table 4.3
Features Recorded and Its Code
Features Coding
Building BO
Wall WALL
Top wall T. WALL
Fence PGR
Tree PKK
Door PNTU
Entrance door PM
Drain LKG
Road JO
TM post TM
TM box BOX TM
Lamp post TL
Floor level FL
Ground level GL
Outside sink SINK
Building mast TIANG
Outside toilet TOILET
Main hole MH
Waste main hole MH. KMBHN

28
29
 From the Table 4.3, the coding used during the survey is not fully apply the
moss-code which already specified for the survey work. this is due to reach the
understandable between the surveyor and the drafter in the office about the
environment and information of the site area.

4.4 Data processing

4.4.1 Field book checking.

It is compulsory to check the field book every time the job is finished, the data
need to be confirmed and convincedly under minimal error before proceeding to it
processing. Sometimes the calculation makes by the surveyor maybe resulted to false
value or maybe the value written is not correct with what they computed. This is the
reason why the filed book need to be check during survey and after the survey.
besides that, this checking also can help the surveyor to write something important
which they may forget to put at first. For example, the date, value of mean, the
calculation of the c-correction and others information related. This information is very
important for the drafter to know the details of the data they processed precisely.
From this project, the surveyor will ask to write down the date and the file number
first as a note to the drafter in the office. When the survey is done, the surveyor will
ask to re-check all the data recorded in the booking. Besides that, the data of the detail
survey which recorded in the device also need to be check and compare with the
booking. All traverse point marked with number id in the device will be written in the
booking, therefore the drafter can see the flow of the traverse.
In the office the drafter will re-check the data again this is to make sure the
data is out from error. If there is error found, the survey book will be given to
surveyor for the surveyor to resurvey. Besides that, the drafter also will re-calculate
the c-correction and the Bowditch adjustment to confirm the calculation is correct.
Since everything is already being check by the surveyor, the data was confirmed to be
clean from error and may proceed for processing.

30
4.4.2 Processing the Data

After all the data has been collected in the survey, the data will be processing to
produce the output later. Flowchart below shows the flow of processing the data

4.4.2.1 Exporting the survey data.

The data survey that been keyed in inside the device (total station) need to be
export out do the processing can be done. The exporting of the data requires supported
software which is known as Topcon Link. Topcon link was used to export out the data
survey.

Procedure:

i. Connect the total station using the data cable which is specialised for the total
station. then, open the application Topcon Link.

ii. Inside Topcon Link, pull down the ‘File’ menu and click on the ‘Import from
device’.

Figure 4.4 Steps of Exporting the Survey Data

31
iii. Next, search the name of the total station that connected in the left window
panel.

Figure 4.5 Steps of Exporting the Survey Data

iv. Then, under the total station selected, select the survey data file and transfer it
to the file created in the pc specialised for the data itself. The transferring is by
clicking the file data and click the button with double arrow symbol that
indicate to the right.

Figure 4.6 Steps of Exporting The Survey Data

32
 v. Once finish importing, the file may be opened to check the data or saved the
import file before closing the application. The data file transferred is in the
Raw format and will be import in CDS and will be process in the CDS.

4.4.2.2 Processing the data.

Next the survey data file will be imported inside the CDS for pre-processing.

Procedures:

i. After open the CDS, a new file was created with related name so to ease the
searching of the file.
ii. Pull down the ‘Entry’ menu and click on the ‘Import Raw’.

Figure 4.7 Steps of Processing the Survey Data

iii. Under ‘import raw data’ window, on the first pane find and choose TOPCON.
Then, on the second panel click on FC5GTS6. Even though the device is in
GTS7, but the readable of information is not valid if chose GTS7. Next,
browse the raw file of the survey data that saved and click OK.

33
 Figure 4.8 Steps of Processing The Survey Data

iv. After that, select the UNFORMATTED – COMPUTER FORMAT and click
OK. Then, wait the data to be import inside the CDS.

Figure 4.9 Steps of Processing the Survey Data

v. Once the data finished importing, insert the starting coordinate for the starting
station and the next station. using the values of the coordinate, the data survey
can be processed, and all the coordinate of all points collected can be compute.

34
 Figure 4.10 Steps of Processing the Survey Data

vi. Click on OPTIONS menu and scroll down to choose SHOW COORDINATE.
After that, on the same menu scroll down and click the CALCULATE
COORDINATES option. This will automatically compute all coordinate for
all points recorded.

Figure 4.11 Steps of Processing the Survey Data

vii. After that, scroll down the OPTION menu and click on the STORE DATA IN
DATABASE. Then, the processing can be done using the options inside the
CDS.

35
 Figure 4.12 Steps of Processing the Survey Data

Figure 4.13 Steps of Processing the Survey Data

viii. After finishing the processing, the file will be export out as drawing .DWG
and the drawing will be finalised inside the CAD application (ZWCad).

36
 Figure 4.14 Steps of Processing the Survey Data

Inside the ZWCad the data which in form of plain colour and less information
will be edited to become more informative detail drawing. All features will be coded
and coloured using different colour therefore the client can read the drawing easily.
Then, the drawing will be finalised by bordered using perfect legend and relatable to
detail survey plan.

37
The flowchart below shows in roughly explanation on how the processing was done,

Detail survey of Raw data will be export out from the

total station into the pc into Raw format (.RAW) using
Topcon Link.

The raw data of detail survey will be process in order

to get correct datum start using CDS application.

Import the dxf/dwg saved in the CAD software for

digitizing process.

After finish digitizing, the digitize drawing should be

complete with the legend and information related by
following the criteria of detail plan.

Print out the detail plan with suitable paper size.

Chart 2.2 Flowchart of Processing the Data Survey

38
4.5 Final Processing.

The final step for processing is produce the output (plan). Every survey work
must end with product at the end. Every plan produced are not same to each other, it is
depending to the requirement of the scope of work and the requirement from the
client. For this project which relate with details survey, a detail plan is produce at the
end of the processing. Details plan is a plan which consist information about the
features which recorded in the detail survey. At first, the features were shown in point
form where there is no picture of the features. The process of digitizing the point will
emerge the actual shape of the features. In this details plan produced, the features
were labelled by using different colour, using name and different symbol. By label the
features, the client can read and interpret the drawing easily.
Detail plan also consist meta data or notes for some information about the
features. Meta data were used to zoom the point selected as it is may too discreet or
the drafter want to highlight the information about the point select. Mostly, the meta
data that used in the detail plan is to show the dimension of the features. For example,
the dimension of drain or the slope dimension. In the detail plan produced the
dimension of the drain was showed in meta data form, therefore the client can see it
clearly the information. Besides that, in the plan also includes the location plan and
keyplan which show the client or user the location of the survey area. For some cases,
the detail plan will be used by other people such engineer, architect or other surveyor.
Then it is very useful if the keyplan and location plan to be put in the detail plan. The
picture below shows the design of the detail plan for this project.

39
Figure 4.15 Final Product for Detail Survey (Detail Plan)

40
 CHAPTER FIVE

RESULT AND ANALYSIS

5.1 Horizontal Control

The table below show the booking of the main traverse for the detail survey
and the boundary mark founded on adjacent lot. From the booking assume datum was
used to start the traversing because to shorten the time consuming. The assume datum
is 90 00 00. By starting with datum 90 00 00 the traversing was opened and
observed the forward bearing. The field book on next page shows the complete field
book with C-correction and M-correction.
From the Bowditch adjustment, the accuracy of the traverse also can be known
by using specific calculation to gain the misclosure of the traverse. all traversing
created need to achieves the accuracy specified, this is because to follow the
regulation of survey work. the accuracy of the traverse has three classes which is first
class, second class and third class. From all the classes stated, the survey work must
achieve the first-class survey this is because of new regulation of survey work
requirement. the calculation below shows the linear misclosure computation for this
traversing for detail survey,

Linear misclose:

¿
√ ( 0.000 ) ²+ (−0.004 )2
77.195

= 1 : 19298.75

≈ 1 : 19000

From the result, it shows that the traversing for this detail survey is acceptable
because the misclose is exceeding the value that fix for first-class survey which is
1:8000.

41
 Stese from to vertical vertical true
n Bearing   stn Line stn angle distance distance distance remarks
  Face left Face right Mean   true bearing            
  Assume bearing 90 00 00 2 88 26 37 1   22.077 -1.427 22.077  
      M - 01 33 23                
                       
RL=13.153 (stn
71.72
1 90 00 00 270 00 00 252 34 47 2 251 01 24 3   71.72 -1.427 1)
2     M - 01 33 23           -1.068    
3 252 34 47 72 34 47                  
                       
1 90 00 00 270 00 00 22 32 18 2 20 58 55 4   10.693 -1.427 10.693  
2     M - 01 33 23           -1.111    
4 22 32 18 202 32 18                  
                       
2 202 32 18 22 32 18 339 51 32 4 338 18 09 6   20.978 -1.768 20.978  
4     M - 01 33 23           -1.228    
6 339 51 32 159 51 32                  
                       
2 202 32 18 22 32 18 270 33 40 4 269 00 17 5   9.994 -1.768 9.994  
4     C - 00 00 0.4           -1.382    
5 270 33 40 90 33 40 M - 01 33 23                
                       
4 90 33 40 270 33 40 339 12 30 5 337 39 06 7   28.195 -1.538 28.195  
5     C - 00 00 0.8           -1.22    
7 339 12 30 159 12 30 M - 01 33 23                
                       
Table 5.1
Booking of Detail Survey

42
5 159 12 30 339 12 30 88 33 24 7 87 00 00 8   10.696 -1.488 10.696  
7     C - 00 00 1.2           -1.25    
8 88 33 24 268 33 24 M - 01 33 23                
                       
7 268 33 24 88 33 24 163 30 19 8 161 56 54 6   7.333 -1.407 7.333  
8     C - 00 00 1.6           -1.5    
6 163 30 19 343 30 19 M - 01 33 23                
                       
8 343 30 19 163 30 19 159 51 30 6 158 18 05 4   20.977 -1.47 20.977  
6     C- 00 00 02   BG TERTUTUP       -1.29    
4 159 51 30 339 51 30 M - 01 33 23                
                       
  Dibaca 6-4   159 51 30                
Sepatutnya
 
  6-4   159 51 32              
  Tikaian   00 00 02 untuk 5 stesen            
untuk setiap stesen 4,
Pembetulan  
    00 00 0.4 5, 7, 8, 6          
                       

43
 2 270 00 00 90 00 00 162 10 26 1   9   112.594 -1.395 112.594  
1     M - 01 33 23     spk     -1.279    
9 162 10 26 342 10 26                  
                       
2 72 34 47 252 34 47 271 12 34 3   10   55.907 -1.758 55.907  
3     M - 01 33 23     spk     -1.472    
10 271 12 34 91 12 34                  
                       
2 72 34 47 252 34 47 268 36 29 3   11   65.135 -1.758 65.135  
3     M - 01 33 23     spk     -1.355    
11 268 36 29 88 36 29                  

44
5.2 Adjustment.

5.2.1 M-correction.

The calculation below shows how the M-correction was obtained,

Table 5.2
Differences of Coordinate from Chosen Boundary Mark
Coordinate
Boundary mark
N E
9 -9694.204 18672.041
11 -9638.716 18471.723

Offset from coordinate

105 28 58

Offset from traversing

107 02 21

M-correction = 107 02 21 - 105 28 58

= - 01 33 23

5.2.2 Bowditch adjustment.

The survey data has been adjusted by using Bowditch adjustment, Table 8 shows the
result of Bowditch adjustment,

45
Table 5.3
Bowditch Adjustment Table
Corr. Coordinate
Stn Bearing Distance Lat Dep Corr. Lat Adj. lat Adj. dep
Dep N E
4 1000 -1000
5 269 00 17 9.994 -0.174 -9.992 0.000 0.001 -0.174 -9.991 999.826 -1009.991
7 337 39 06 28.195 26.077 -10.721 0.000 0.001 26.077 -10.720 1025.903 -1020.711
8 87 00 00 10.696 0.560 10.681 0.000 0.001 0.560 10.682 1026.463 -1010.029
6 161 56 54 7.333 -6.972 2.272 0.000 0.000 -6.972 2.272 1019.491 -1007.757
4 158 18 05 20.977 -19.491 7.756 0.000 0.001 -19.491 7.757 1000 -1000
TOTAL 77.195 0.000 -0.004 0.000 0.000

46
5.3 Vertical Control.

In this detail survey, the method to control the vertical is by using levelling.
Levelling was performed after established the traversing because the network that
connected between levelling and traversing should be bold and strong. The traversing
must achieve the first-class survey first then the levelling may proceed after. The
reason to establish a confirmed stabilize network of traverse is because to obtain a
true elevation of the site survey which obtained from the levelling. The levelling is a
procedure where the elevation from known point (Benchmark) will be transfer to all
point established on the site. This point created will marked with the elevation of the
earth on the site survey. this is very important for the detail survey to obtain the value
of elevation.
For this detail survey project, the levelling procedure is different from the
basic procedure. The concept used is still same, but the differences are the instrument
used and the booking procedure. for this method, the surveyor only records the height
target, height instrument, vertical angle and vertical distance. That information is
enough to be use the formula of getting the unknown reduce level (transferring RL).
The RL from the nearby benchmark (BM 0331) was transferred to station 1 in the
traversing. Table 9 shows the results of transferring of RL from BM 10331 to station
1,

47
Table 5.4
Tachometry Levelling Booking
Height
Height Vertical
Stn Instrument, RL Remarks
Target, m Distance, m
m
1   0.5 -1.541 13.153 bs (Stn 1)
2 1.54     13.654 A
3   1.515 2.002 15.681 fs (CP 1)
           
3   1.515 -1.966 15.681 bs (CP 1)
4 1.554     17.608 B
5   0.5 0.525 19.187 fs (CP 2)
           
5   0.5 -5.11 19.187 bs (CP 2)
6 1.547     23.52 C
7   1.488 4.544 27.853 fs (CP 3)
           
7   1.488 -1.343 27.853 bs (CP 3)
8 1.559     29.125 D
9   0.5 -3.512 26.672 fs (CP 4)
           
9   0.5 -5.106 26.672 bs (CP 4)
10 1.587     30.691 E
11   0.5 -3.876 27.902 fs (CP 5)
           
11   0.5 0.285 27.902 bs (CP 5)
12 1.538     26.579 F
fs (BM
13   0.1 -1.284 26.733 0331)
RL=26.733

The result from the transferring RL calculation, it shows that the elevation for
station 1 is 26.733. Once the elevation from point in the traversing is known, next by
using CDS application (Civil Design and Survey) the station 1 elevation will be key in
and the CDS will process the data to gives the elevation to all point from traversing to
detail recorded.

48
5.4 Detail Survey.

Since the automation method was used during detail survey, there are multiple
of important features has been recorded in the total station. The features are,

Table 5.5
Features Recorded and Its Code
Features Code

Building BO
Wall WALL
Top wall T. WALL
Fence PGR
Tree PKK
Door PNTU
Entrance door PM
Drain LKG
Road JO
TM post TM
TM box BOX TM
Lamp post TL
Floor level FL
Ground level GL
Outside sink SINK
Building mast TIANG
Outside toilet TOILET
Main hole MH
Waste main hole MH. KMBHN

49
5.5 Data Processing

Basically, the data recorded using automation booking is in ASCII format

which the formatted by the device itself. However, for the processing application the
ASCII file in the device need to be convert in Raw format, this is because the Raw
format is easy to process, and the data already pre-process in the application. The
application used is Topcon Link. The data from the total station will be upload in the
Topcon Link and then the data will be convert to Raw format.in this survey data the
data were named as the date of the survey was carried on, 23032018-cygnus.
Once the file is converted in Raw format, the processing of the data can be
start with CDS application. The CDS application will present the Raw data in form of
points. This point represents the position of the object that the surveyor observed
during the detail survey progress. The points need to be connect with each other
which is has similar features and this process is known as digitizing. Below shows the
result of digitizing the points collected during the detail survey.
Then, when the digitizing process is done the data will be save in format of
DWG which is drawing format, this is because the file will be import in the ZWCad.
In the ZWCad the plain digitized drawing of detail plan will be alter and coloured
follow the criteria of detail plan. Every featured will be differently coloured to
differentiate with each other. Colour picked should be less complicated, so the client
can read and understand whole drawing. The result from the alteration and colouring
in ZWCad as shown in Figure 5.6

50
Figure 5.1 Detail Plan from Pre-Processing

51
5.6 Final Product.

Finally, a complete information of detail survey drawing with the features found on
site recorded in the booking were produced in form of plan. This plan is called as detail plan
as the survey related with the detailing. The detail plan consists of all information of the
features such elevation, dimension and short description of the features. The Figure 17 shows
the detail plan for Lot 2520.

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Figure 5.2 Drawing of Detail Plan

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 CHAPTER SIX

CONCLUSION AND COMMENT

6.1 Conclusion

Based on participation in this detail survey, the knowledge of the engineering

survey in detail survey become broaden and there is so much input that can gain
during the practical session. The practices during class session is not same to the real
job (practical). However, the concept used, and the result from this real job detail
survey is still same to what have been learn in the class session. Basically, the
establishment of the traversing by the surveyor for this company still using the same
method and same instrument. Meanwhile, for the levelling they used different
procedure and including the equipment. This is the new thing that student can learn
for a new alternative way of performing the levelling. Yet from all the differences
technique the reason and result still same which is to obtain the value of elevation of
points for the main traverse by transfer the reduced level from bench mark to the
nearest established station on the site survey.
The processing technique and application used by this company also like what
have been thought in the class. In this case, the drafter in this company did not using
the Topcon Link application to convert to Raw, they use an application called T-COM
application which an application that can processed the data and the data can be
directly import in CAD application since the data was saved as .dxf format. The
features elevation point id and the features code of points recorded will be shown in
the CAD application and the digitizing will be done in the CAD application. But, for
this data it used the Topcon Link, CDS and ZWCad to process the data until the detail
plan produce.

6.2 Comment

For this project there not much to comment but for the establishment of
traverse, the traversing procedure is quite clueless and blurry for some people to
understand. This is because the surveyor starts the traverse with open traverse which it

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will be used to pick up the boundary mark later after the detail survey was done.
Then, from the open traverse the surveyor asked to make a line that enter to the lot
compound and start establish the close traverse. The confusion happens when the
accuracy was controlled on the closed traverse only but not for the open traverse. In
class, the syllabus thought that both open and close traverse need to have the accuracy
control, but the statement did not apply to the real job.

6.3 Suggestion

Based on the comment given, the suggestion to overcome the confusion is by

committing to more real job in future. The more experiences in the real job, the more
knowledge and new techniques can be obtained.

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REFERENCES

Encik Peter Wu,Licensed Land Surveyor of Jurukur Damai, Pulau Pinang. (2018).
Jabatan Ukur dan Pemetaan Malaysia (2009) Pekeliling KPUP bil.6: Garis Panduan
Amalan Kerja Ukur Kadaster dalam persekitaran eKadaster: Kuala Lumpur.
M. Adhar Abdul Samad, M. Azril Che Aziz and Haji Ahmad Nadzari Yahaya (2016)
Introduction To Cadastral Survey Edition, Department Of Surveying Science
and Geomatics, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 02600 Arau, Perlis.
Practical handout for industrial training GEO396, (Engineering, Cadastral,
Hydrgraphy). Arau: Universiti Teknologi Mara, Arau Perlis.
Surveyor of Perunding Ukur Juara, En Asyraff “Involved in fieldwork and processing
work”.
Engineering Survey II (GEO210). (2015). Arau: UiTM Arau Perlis. Engineering
Survey. Arau: Uitm Arau, Perlis. Samad, S. M. (2016).
Encik Ridhwan (Drafter),(2018, March). Jurukur Damai Staff.
National Land Code 1965 Act. (n.d.).

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APPENDICES

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