11.1. Conversion of Amino Acids Into Specialized Products

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%z←eoÉ÷E3BBEEBµ

*¥ra°
MMBugpgggqaacti-N-e.BE

BB¥BB-
•ggg%ggggggqgg§B⑤k
DR Honi notes
. .

Done by : Hudd .
=
proto porphyrin Ring + FÉZ

I
bond .

-hos double -

'
-

1
O O O O

propionic acid
µ
% IN 8D ' to ±
P A I #J
,
o JIM

. alternative's :@
$91 with

[
RBCJI Is>_Éw 20 DID It *
→ .

first +3 lost steps .

tokes in - mitochondria .

• synthesis ploce
↳ cytosol . the Rest of steps .
-EBEffTFfEtEBBgg.g
tDBtScEBRTsEEEorE
ggBEzEEfzgffgggggp
tfE
function
enzyme
ALA

↳t_hots why the first step


the
Regulate
tokes ploce in mitochondria .
• tiny

both

8%5
Big#
IF F-
'

g.

drugs I met0001km 6% MICHA K P 450 I ID •


É
[ bind the metdlcfe )
with
organic compound by covalent B
.
steps :

ALAS enzyme
1. ALA synthesis : succengle CoA + glycine , ALA
PLP co -

enzyme

-
PBG -

2. BPG synthesis : ALA + ALA És porphobilenogen .

3. step 1 : 4 ✗ PBG ˢ4n the se


g hydroxy methyl bi /on cyclic

µ
.

PBG de Ami nose .

↳ step 2 : hydroxy methyl bildne É uroporphyinogen II



synthesise

step } : uroporphynogen# g coprophyrinogen#

4. → step 1 : coproporphyinogenllt És protoporphyrin IX


↳ step 2 :
proto porphyrin It + iron ferrochelotoseg home
• ferrochelotose :

1W Fa = Ferro & f. -0dm @ o

pP
.
Ring Is Fe I. Complexotions.gs?b-b=cheldtdse &

( Fes ftp.Rings-WD henne DEE .

• what is complexation :

[ pp Ring
. JI ] organic compound JI @ KSI ) metal JI o
in spleen .

Al

is 1 £1s new
Ju Ñ
Con .

2 H

. IDI JU SSI JI #41 & this # ←


I
✗HG-l@I.spwisbilirabenJ1-Sx.us
[
conjugation .
[

con diffuse through 888 .

Couse its hydrophobic .


or
gklcoronoddtion
Bacterial
Biliruben di glucuronide

[ urobilinogen
Reduction

i¥÷ :
± :

_.§
.

E-
.
_

$
.

8 @
v v v
stercobilin vein Ji # box .
urobilin
& s i-MA.w.ms ↓
feces .
to > soiled.W'⇐ .
urine .

. #I
centerohepotic.tl cycle ) .
& phenylalanine t - OH → tyrosine .

I
LP - more epinephrine
-
epinephrine
-

dopamine
_ñW&&&
https://youtu.be/kmlBoDFlMN4

L -
dihydroxy phenylalanine
→ .

SAM
degradation :

to
.

¥ %%,% ,

www.

methylation %%
,
+

oxidation
¥
5-
w.HN ¥

4 MAO A → exists anywhere .

g. MAO exists in two forms -€mAo o → only in Brain .


=

decorboxy weed
histidine .
degradation

goin
'

in

→ Removes Amine group


.

oxidation .
thats why serotonin Receptors ,
Rolled 5-HT .
)
hydroxy tryptamine-7
5-

→ so newton is is 2 serotonin derivative .

is a tryptophan derivative .
group JI Tis

pggudnidino
.

guonidino . _

glycine =

in liver ←

[
MI
¥
[
\

. ☆I c INI i Jools isozymes I#


associated with degradation .
÷Toi[
-
high conjugated 8 in blood .

→ high UCB in Bile .


conjugated bilirubin in blood
increased .

II -31 IWW Conj


> . if Ik Hit
. &
+ Ast 9
MALT
→ both conjugated + not conjugated ↑

A. A

JI

diagnostic value .

In phos higher
&
tronsominetionJ-o-dwu-8-lmlj-wjx.ws 162

& we find both conjugated + an conjugated


bilirubin in the patients blood . . .
Jsi-w@I.un.conjugotedJ.w
1

B.

& Kern icterus = B. G JI bilirabentl @

and
thus con be moneyed or

cleared £ -
1 c. c. £68M bilirubin JIG 9% Wid o newborns 01 -6 &

swi.Wb@l8jiSd.fetusJlu8oSJIsH.F
to b&b 99
.
HE

H.A1.3i.Wb@8-SJs_pj8.b
JI & DJ 6

0%1%1
iliruben JI -
- . 9s

JI ↳ Bilirubin 01 www.tw-GK?f&I&s&
Xl & ! a dbl I -611 .bg * I@ Is conjugation
Ñ &! IW.iq did Ñ← Conjugation I @ Ital
.

. . newborns I jaundice Jiya lbs How .


. .

• Couse bilirubin UGT isn't kicked in affecting .

• kick in means :
2 ⇐ -611 @ Floro scent I @&

II. d. WII @ 6 Conjugated double bonds @ ⇐£ .


biliruben JI &

cleovegew-ihy.ws of light
↳ ⇐±, absorption is & !
-
more poor one J! bilirubin A
Pov : You're entering the exam :

@
Ñ .TW UV lightJim W IO blue fluoroscent JI o
g, ↳→ ↳ time & A- ① UV Light ji o
ÉTignt
-

w
*
, me

9%!

w smJJ, ow #48090
.

biliru bend 8£ 08 conjugated


. . un
.
conjugated o_0 &I .
• sun light con be useful sometimes .

phenobarbital pig c. light # gi-sik.MS -4m Do

siezuress-o.siwi-econju.tl
a
drug used in

WILL @ 1 expression J induction .is -68 ix. ⇐


!Bfg ⁿᵗkqg
"
1 É
UGT

AIM
← is #

&%
I
Billinton
% Ai
prematureJI
WE # I
associated with synthesis
.

I Ami @ e

← → urine
.
:O Djm photosensitivity Jt Gibbs

.FM#Mi&ob-si&uSJiG-SWbc.C.MHnl
.
> • digit £3

Ñm1 b- •

11.41 6%91 tetro pyrrole 01 & WIN #


-

&

is --D1 gain# 4- Dig o photosensitivity god 6 #

intermedidntstlwIIH-jtyh-dlu-KH-JWWIW.JO
Ph.sJtIm8@s_bIMm1d_gowI6gphot .sen.I
_

Isil Wow
0 photosen Nihl

.

t.MG Is

o_O Mutt

0 → w→oñ
photosensitivity

. tbh 889 I b- it Is ! #Giwa


.

[ IV. WEI is membrane b! lysosome V18 ←


. .
→Ñ_.b -11 lbs ←

(
now
*"
④ # HIM
*,sw
" " " ""

6191 ALAN
⊕ If -11 ALAS
JI Is. it's
€108M

ph f -

1
.

Sen .
- occurredlotion in ⊕

i-s-dR8csJ-rdbi@iII.uk

#
G-I-lfluroscenseiw.IM
,
Haro scent
• plump ism = Leod toxificdtion =
. WWI @
" "

& exposure to Leod element on Couse inhibition in the eneym

Ferro cheldtose , .IT ! protoporfyren-w-jw-SIJ.MIL ! -0%10


• • . mokes sense R8w_bl@JxIj_bI.s wknd ←
ochorocntorieed by :

-
micro cytic RBCs .

-
hypochromia RBCs .
→ p.p.Ringqw-HD.WJ.qisijd-SEG.ws
B- fluroscense erythrocytes appears under the flwroscense Ms ) .

↳ because of the interaction between zinc + pp Ring .

• severe iron deficiency + genetic defects in .


ferrocheldtose

have these three chordchtdristics as well . .



cirgler Najjar syndrome gilbert syndrome

• mis - sense mutation in ⊕ a promoter region mutation

obiliruben level Rises to a huge amount & bilirubin level = 2 -3mg/do


= 30 -60 mg / dc → !! 1 Mfi is

condition benign condition



very dangerous . • .

✗ potient usually dies within 1Yeor . • patient lives pedcetully .


-

BBB
- → cont
'
diffuse through

periphrdl JI #A inhibition
.bg @ two
.
@<
• Parkinson disease : . Goyim
• problems in dopamine usually from substantial nigra defects .

☒Him .
6 (: 8 c. zrw@tssGtibzb1sWloxb-wGi1b.o
- BBB t.g-M-G-E-qh.tl &! i.LK#.LgsdL-dopd
AAAD ↳ ⇐ ! job I £ . .
@ f- 1- dopd tha ti &

t.si#.bJ!L-dopdJ-d&&e9s.peripnrgJbCNsJ1
& both I. £ Eid!

CNS 01 IN .ws#-Id-&igi-d1L-dopdJ--SWsu.Eiswo
CNS D JI @ @ Wis Periphrg JI *• AAAD JI JI

ENS Jlc Is jb 95--1 .W b- is _# I 8j-& 1- dopd JI

↳ 1- dopd
Jli_i-M_drug@Xe.G! JG L -

dopd GA je WI o

AAHD JHA inhibition .W ⇐


.
corbidopd 8 @ 66, periphery JI @ 49N ^W£

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