SCOTT CONG APRIL 15

GET READY FOR IELTS: WRITING

UNIT 4: FAMILY
CLASS 4

AGENDA FOR TODAY

1. Structuring paragraphs and essays
2. Words describing families and relationships
3. Modal verbs
****************
A title with an asterisk * means more points!

STRUCTURING PARAGRAPHS AND ESSAYS

TOPIC FROM YESTERDAY:
LOVE AT AN EARLY AGE
- Main idea: Love at an early age is bene cial 有益的
- Supporting Idea, which explains/adds to the main idea: Love is essentially the
release of hormones, a biological process, which happens naturally at our age.
Therefore, love is irresistible ⽆法抗拒的.
- Supporting Idea: Love at an early age helps mature our perception 感觉of love/
personality.
- Main idea: Love at an early age is harmful 有害的
- Supporting Idea: It is extremely di cult to balance school/love, which eventually
causes the grade to drop.
- Supporting Idea: Material expenditure (物质上的花费）is expensive and usually
proven to be a waste of money in the future if you break up.

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Strength of Claim
 FOR
- It can be argued that love at an early age
is bene cial. It is widely acknowledged
- On balance, I would say that love, at the
that the release of sex hormones happens
at a rather early age. The beginning of
adolescence in females is commonly
de ned as the time when their rst
menstrual period arrives, which happens
around 12 years old. It seems clear that
with the release of hormones, the
attraction of others seems irresistible.
There is also the need to consider the
positive e ect of personality-shaping under
love’s conditioning. For example, a popular
saying regarding such beliefs is “a boy
becomes a man when he ends his rst
love”.
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AGAINST
same time, can sometimes be harmful.
Love at an early age, or school love, is an
interaction of two who are both students.
One argument is that it is extremely
di cult to balance school and love, which
eventually causes the grade to drop. A
further argument in favor of the love’s
harmful end is that Material expenditure is
expensive and usually proven to be a
waste of money in the future if you break
up. For instance, The money that you are
saving for a pair of sneakers is instead
spent on your partner. To make matters
even worse, the two of you broke up soon
after. The regret is marked in your heart
forever after.
TIPS FOR A PERFECTLY STRUCTURED PARAGRAPH
- Have ONE main idea for your paragraph
- Have more than one supporting idea
- State your main idea in the FIRST paragraph
- Develop strength of claim with those start-up phrases mentioned before as a
beginning.

“DID YOU SAY FAMILY?”

 FATHER ⽗亲
MOTHER ⺟亲
UNCLE 叔叔/舅舅
AUNT 姨妈/姑妈
BROTHER 兄弟
SISTER 姐妹

FAMILY

为啥叔叔舅舅都叫UNCLE？
叔叔，姑妈，堂兄（cousin）- ⽗系 Paternal UNCLE/AUNT/COUSIN
舅舅，姨妈，表兄（cousin）- ⺟系 Maternal UNCLE/AUNT/COUSIN
⽗权社会 Patriarchy
⺟系社会 Matriarchy
Latin/Greek ：
Patria “Fatherland”
Mater “Mother”

 KINSHIP-A RELATIONSHIP BY BLOOD

Can you name some other family members with kinship?
⾎浓于⽔
BUT HOW DO YOU REFER THE FAMILY MEMBER
WITH NO BLOOD RELATIONSHIP?
“- in law” “Step”
 COMMON FAMILY TYPES*
-Multigenerational Family 👴👵👱👱👧👦
- 多代同堂家庭
-Conjugal (nuclear) Family 👪👪
- 》
-Single-parent Family 👪👪
- 》
-Extended Family ？
- 》

VOTE TIME
投票时间！请打开投票功能
 THE PSYCHOLOGY BEHIND BIRTH ORDER
出⽣顺序背后的⼼理学 **
- According to Alfred Adler’s Birth order theory, the following statement MIGHT apply to
you:
- Oldest Child: Because it’s your parents’ rst time being parents, they tend to倾向于 dole
out attention to you. They might expect a lot from you if you're the oldest, and often
expect you to set an example for your younger siblings and show responsibility 责任感.
- Middle Child: Because you lack 缺乏the title 称号of being the oldest or the youngest,
you seek to carve out 寻找a niche 舒适的⼩环境 for yourself in the family dynamic 家庭关
系. You tend to enjoy negotiation 谈判and compromise妥协. You can often relate to
people of di erent ages with ease.
- Youngest Child: One of two paths will be chosen when developing your personality,
according to Adler. The rst path is a clear journey to success, where you try to excel擅
⻓ in every way, often becoming the go-to person in the family. Youngest children can
also become avoidant 回避的 if they lack the con dence or drive to excel.

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如果你是家中独⼦

IF YOU ARE THE ONLY CHILD

IN THE FAMILY
You've been surrounded by adults since
birth. That’s not to say you weren’t
socialized with other children through
kindergarten, the playground, or school. But
during your time at home you socialized with
parents and other adults, mimicking their
behaviors and becoming "small people".
Your parents might be overprotective of you,
leading you to become dependent on your
parents for support. You aren’t used to
sharing clothes, space, or parental attention
with siblings. This can make you intelligent
and creative, but also stubborn and set in
your ways.

MODAL VERBS 情态助动词

- 常⻅的 Can, Will, Should 均是情态动词
- “⽼师，我可以去卫⽣间吗？”
- “Mr./Mrs./Ms. XXX, Could/May I use the bathroom?”

- I am going to bed now. - am 让句⼦变成了现在进⾏时

- He was taken to the hospital after the crash. - was 帮助主词 take 成为被动语态 passive
tense
- She can run a marathon. can 让句⼦添加了 “可以”的意思

 情态动词和系动词的区别：

MODAL AUXILIARY VERB’S DIFFERENCE WITH LINKING VERBS:

1. FUNCTION 功能性: 改变主要动词的意思和语⽓，例如 意愿 WILL、请求MAY、许可CAN

2. 词形：除了分现在式和过去式（CAN/COULD)，不像普通助动词会因为⼈称⽽变化词形
（I CAN, SHE CAN, THEY CAN VS. I AM, SHE IS, THEY ARE

“I WILL HAVE MY FIRST EXAMS”

“I THINK SHE MIGHT BE A DOCTOR”
“TO BE A DOCTOR, I MUST HAVE A LOT OF QUALIFICATIONS”

WILL -used to talk about something expected in the future

MIGHT /have to / need to - used to say what is necessary
MUST used to say something is a good idea
SHOULDN’T used to say something isn't a good idea
SHOULD - used to say it isn't necessary to do something
MUSTN’T / can / could - used to say what is possible
DON’T NEED TO
- used to say what isn't necessary
SHE PLAYS ON HER COMPUTER QUITE A LOT, WHICH SHE SHOULDN'T DO
I THINK SHE SHOULD STUDY MORE.
I DON'T NEED TO BE VERY GOOD AT ART OR LANGUAGES, JUST SCIENCE.

REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES USING THE CORRECT MODAL AND SEMI-
MODAL VERBS *
- It is a good idea for children to respect their parents.
- Children should respect their parents
- I plan to go to university in the future.
- I will go to university in the future.
- It is not a good idea for parents to smoke near their children.
- Parents shouldn’t smoke near their children.
- It is possible that children will have lessons on the Internet in the future.
- Children might have lessons on the Internet in the future.
- It is necessary for all children to be taught basic skills like maths and reading.
- All children must/have to/need to be taught basic skills like maths and reading.

CLASS CONCLUDED

WEEKLY DISCUSSION TOPICS?

“WHAT BIRTH ORDER DO YOU BELONG IN
YOUR FAMILY? DOES IT AFFECT HOW
YOU BEHAVE IN SOCIAL INTERACTIONS?”
WEEK 8 DISCUSSION TOPIC A, DUE SUNDAY APRIL 17TH AT 11:59PM
YOU GET TO DECIDE TOPIC B & C
- You will now enter a breakout room of either 1 or 2,
- brainstorm your topic ideas
- vote out the most popular one
- to be either the topic B or C
- In 5 mins

 STAY SAFE
&
MOVIE SESSION THIS AFTERNOON
15:40 TO 17:00 “TURNING RED”