Filipino psychology, or Sikolohiyang Pilipino, in Filipino, is defined as the psychology rooted on the experience, ideas, and cultural orientation

of the Filipinos. It is regulated by the Pambansang Samahan sa Sikolohiyang Pilipino, (National Organization of Filipino Psychology), in English, which was established in 1975 by Virgilio Enriquez, regarded by many as the Father of Filipino Psychology. Basic tenets Core value or Kapwa

Kagandahang-Loob: Shared humanity. This refers to being able to help other people in dire need due to a perception of being together as a part of one Filipino humanity.

Accommodative surface values  Hiya: Loosely translated as 'shame' by most Western psychologists, Hiya is actually

'sense of propriety'.  Kapwa, meaning 'togetherness', is the core construct of Filipino Psychology. Kapwa has two categories, Ibang Tao (other people) and Hindi Ibang Tao (not other people).  Ibang Tao ("outsider") There are five  Utang na Loob: Norm of reciprocity. Filipinos are expected by their neighbors to return favors-whether these were asked for or not-when it is needed or wanted. Pakikisama and Pakikipagkapwa: Smooth Interpersonal domains in this construct:       Pakikitungo: civility Pakikisalamuha: act of mixing Pakikilahok: act of joining Pakikibagay: conformity Pakikisama: being united with the group.  Bahala Na: This attitude, loosely translated into English as 'fatalistic passiveness', Relationship, or SIR, as

coined by Lynch (1961 and 1973). This attitude is primarily guided by conformity with the majority. Confrontative surface values

Hindi Ibang Tao ("one-of-us") There are three domains in this construct:  Pakikipagpalagayang-loob: mutual trust   Pakikisangkot: act of joining others Pakikipagkaisa: being one with others  act of

actually describes the Filipino way of life, in which, he is determined to do his best, hence the term bahala na, which actually came from the phrase bathalan na, meaning 'I will do all my best, let God take care of the rest'. Lakas ng Loob: This attitude is

Pivotal interpersonal value  Pakiramdam: Filipinos Shared inner or perceptions. the inner

characterized by being courageous in the midst of problems and uncertainties.  Pakikibaka: Literally in English, it

use damdam,

perception of others' emotions, as a basic tool to guide his dealings with other people. Linking socio-personal value

means concurrent clashes. It refers to the ability of the Filipino to undertake revolutions and uprisings against a common enemy. Societal values

Karangalan: Loosely translated to dignity, this actually refers to what other people see in a person and how they use that information to make a stand or judge about his/her worth.  Puri: the external aspect of dignity. May refer to how other people judge a person of his/her worth.  Dangal: the internal aspect of dignity. May refer to how a person judges his own worth. 

an umpukan. The researcher merely serves as the facilitator, while the kalahok or

participants are the one who are to talk. The term kwento, from the Spanish word cuento, literally means 'to tell a story'. Panunuluyan: In this method, the researcher stays in the home of his kalahok or

participant while he conducts the research with consent by the host family, whose head serves as the tulay to anumpukan. The term tuloy, which is the root word of the term panunuluyan, literally means 'to go in'.  Pagdadalaw-dalaw: In this method, the researcher occasionally visits the house of his host or tulay, as opposed to staying in the house. The term dalaw literally means 'visit'.  Pagtatanung-tanong: In this method, the researcher undergoes a kind of questioning session with his kalahok or participants. In this method, however, 'lead questions'

Katarungan: Loosely translated to justice, this actually refers to equity in giving rewards to a person.

Kalayaan: Freedom and mobility. Ironically, this may clash with the less important value of pakikisama or pakikibagay (conformity).

Approaches and methods Approaches, or lapit, and methods,

or pamamaraan, in Filipino Psychology are different from that of Western Psychology. In Filipino Psychology, the subjects, or participants, called kalahok, are considered as equal in status to the researcher. The participants are included in the research as a group, and not as individuals - hence, an umpukan, or natural cluster, is required to serve as the participants, per se. The researcher is introduced to a natural cluster by a tulay (bridge), who is a part of the umpukan and is a well-respected man in the community. Some of the many approaches and methods used in Filipino Psychology are:  Pakikipagkuwentuhan: In this method, the researcher engages in a story-telling with  

(those questions which directly refer to the topic being studied) are not supposed to be asked, instead the questions to be asked are supposed to have been derived from the kalahok's answers themselves. The

wordtanong literally means 'question'. Pakikiramdam: In this approach, the

researcher uses entirely his/her own feelings or emotions to justify if his participants or kalahok are ready to be part of his research or not. The term damdamliterally means 'inner perception of emotions'. Pakapa-kapa: In this approach, the

researcher uses 'groping', or a mixture of

feelings as well as circumstances, to justify his intrusion into the life of his/her The

manifestation of depression and schizophrenia in which are for the most part, less violent. Psycho-medicine See also: Philippine Mythology Filipinos,

participants

or kalahok.

term kapaliterally means 'to grope in the dark'. Psychopathology Filipino psychopathology, or sikopatolohiya in

Filipino

psychomedicine,

or sikomedikal

na

Filipino, from Spanish psicopatologia, is the study of abnormal psychology in the Filipino context. Several 'mental' disorders have been identified that can be found only in the Philippines or in other nations with which Filipinos share racial connections. Examples of such are:  Amok: Malayan mood disorder, more aptly called 'Austronesian Mood Disorder', in which a person suddenly loses control of himself and goes into a killing frenzy, after which he/she hallucinates and falls into a trance. After he/she wakes up, he has absolutely no memory of the event.  Bangungot: A relatively common occurrence in which a person suddenly loses control of his respiration and digestion, and falls into a coma and ultimately to death. The person is believed to dream of falling into a deep abyss at the onset of his death. This syndrome has been repeatedly linked to Thailand's Brugada syndrome and to the ingestion of rice. However, no such medical ties have been proven. Filipino psychopathology also refers to the different manifestations of mental disorders in Filipino people. One example of such is the

sikolohiya in Filipino, is the application of basic psychology to native healing practices loosely considered as 'medicine'. These practices are closely tied to the faith healers, as well as to the native pagan priestesses who like were

the babaylan or katalonan,

suppressed by the Spaniards during their colonization of the Philippines. Examples of such practices include:  Hilot: The use of massage to aid a pregnant mother in the delivery of her child.   Kulam: Hex or bewitchment. Lihi: An intense craving for something or someone during pregnancy. Faith healers or manghihilot testify that if the craving is not satisfied, abnormality of the child may result.  Pasma: A concept that explains

how init (heat) and lamig (cold) together can result in illness, especially rheumatism.  Susto: Soul-flight. Derived from Latin

American traditions.  Pagtatawas: A method of diagnosing illness wherein alum (called tawas) is ritualistically used by the albularyo or medicine man for diagnosis of a variety of health conditions. The tawas is used to 'cross' (sign of the cross) the forehead and other suspicious or

ailing parts of the body as prayers are being whispered (bulong or oracion). It is then placed on glowing embers, removed when it starts to crack, then transferred to a small receptacle of water. As it cools, its softened form spreads on the water surface and assumes a shape that may suggest the cause of the illness, often one of several indigenous forces: dwarfs, devils or other evil spirits (na-nuno, na-kulam, na-

daily on the Filipino TV Channel where she stars in soap operas 3. Randy popularly Misael known Sebastian as Doc Dellosa, Randy is

a Filipino psychologist and psychiatrist. He is popularly known as the life coachpsychotherapist of Filipino celebrities

and was the resident psychiatrist in the Pinoy Big Brother and Pinoy Dream Academy reality shows of ABS-CBN

demonyo). The water in the vehicle is then used to anoint the ailing part or parts of the body to counteract the evil forces or illness. The tawas is then discarded and thrown westward, preferably into the setting sun.  Usog: A concept that explains how a baby who has been greeted by a stranger acquires a mysterious illness. Apparently derived from the Spanish tradition of Mal de Ojo.  Gab or gabaa: The Cebuano concept of

Networkas well as game shows such as Deal or No Deal. 4. Virgilio G. Enriquez is known as the Father of Filipino Psychology "Ama ng Sikolohiyang Samahan (National sa Pilipino", Pambansang Pilipino, Filipino

Sikolohiyang of

Organization

Psychology) a field he established in 1975. Enriquez' initial proposal that a Filipino concept of personhood

negative Karma. FILIPINO PSYCHOLOGISTS 1. Clarita Carlos is a respected political analyst and academician in She is currently the Philippines. President of the Center for Asia Pacific Studies Inc., and a full-time professor at the University of the Philippines, Diliman. Visitacion Parado, who is better known by her screen name Tetchie Agbayani, is a Filipina movie and television actress, Mutya ng Pilipinas, psychologyinstructor and Playboy model. She appeared in a regular issue of German Playboy and a special American edition entitled "Women of the World". She is featured

centered on the core value expressed in the word Kapwa, a Tagalog word that covers the concepts of both "self" and "others," has been expanded by those who studied under him, resulting in an entire system that seeks to describe the Filipino's sense of being a person, and an entire field of study that differentiates the Filipino's sense of being from those of other cultures, especially the western cultures. 5. Margarita Go-Singco Holmes,

2.

popularly known as Dr. Margie Holmes,

is

popular psychologist specializing

in sex therapy in the Philippines. 6. Jaime T. Licauco, popularly known as Jimmy Licauco, is a

renowned parapsychologist, author, and management practitioner in

the Philippines. He is the Founder and President of the Inner Mind

Development Institute, a training center for parapsychology, philosophy, psychic investigation, and metaphysics. 7. Sonia Cubillo Malasarte-Roco (born July 20, 1944) is the widow of the late senator of the Philippines and

former Presidential Roco. She ran for

candidate Raul the Senate in Midterm husband's

the 2007 Elections under

Philippine her late

party, Aksyon Demokratiko, which is allied with the broad opposition coalition called Genuine Opposition. She joined the coalition after JV Ejercito, son of deposed President Joseph Estrada,

pulled out as an opposition candidate at his father's behest.[1]