YA@DG ?

?. ·Kuïc
·Kuïc iud co gbsdrv
gbsdrvokaû
okaûh
h qud mazg Gdrstd`7
Gdrstd`7

@dskub
@dsk ubra
raû
û co
cos
s okka
okkagh
ghds
ds folh
folhát
átak
akos
os qu
qud
d sd prg`
prg`uk
ukæo
æoh
h ku
kuoh
oh`g
`g co
kgrradhtd karkucobo pgr uh kobcd kgh`uktgr, cos kuocds gradhtoboh `d
igrfo pdrpdh`akucor co olujo `d uho brújuco kgcgko`o sgbrd dc kobcd
cudlg `d kdrror dc karkuatg.

2. ·_uá dstob
dstobcdkd
cdkd dc p
prahka
rahkapag
pag `
`d
d Ioro`o
Ioro`oy7
y7
(·ah`ukkaûh dcdktrgfolhátako7)
dcdktrgfolhátako7)

Cudlg
Cudl g `d su dxdxpd
pdra
radh
dhka
kao,
o, Ioro
Ioro`o
`oyy gbtu
gbtuvg
vg kg
kgfg
fg rdsu
rdsuct
cto`
o`g
g qu
qudd sd
prg`ukæo uh icujg `d kgrradhtd ko`o vdz qud ahtrg`ukæo uh afïh dh uho
bgbaho, pdrg qud sgcg sd rdlastrobo toc icujg ko`o vdz qud dc afïh dstobo
dh fgvafadhtg `dhtrg `d co bgbaho, puds kuoh`g dstd sd `dtdhæo hg sd
rdlastrobo ho`o.
 O dstg cudlg sd cd kghgkdræo kgfg dc ^rahkapag `d Ioro`oy g Co cdy `d

ah`ukkaûh dcdktrgfolhátako,
tdhsaûh ah`uka`o qud,
dh uh karkuatg dh tárfahgs
kdrro`g tákhakgs, prgpgrkaghoc
ds `ardktofdhtd dstobcdkd qud co
o co
ropa`dz kgh qud kofbao dh dc tadfpg dc icujg folhátakg qud otrovadso
uho supdriakad kuocquadro kgh dc karkuatg kgfg bgr`d.

;. @uro
@uroht
htd
d co `d`dfg
fgst
stro
roka
kaûh
ûh `d
`dcc prah
prahka
kapa
pag
g `d Io
Ioro
ro`o
`oy
y ·_
·_uá
uá ds
dstï
tï
fa`adh`g dc locvohûfdtrg7

Dc icujg dcáktrakg, ûsdo, dc trïhsatg `d korlos dcáktrakos o trovás `d dstd.

0. ·_uá
·_uá ahv
ahvdh
dhtû
tû Mdh
Mdhry
ry7
7

 Oc kadhtæiakg hgrtdofdrakohg Jgsdpm Mdhry sd cd otrabuyd co krdokaûh `dc

dcdktrgafïh.

4. ·^gr quá ds rrdkgr

dkgr`o`g
`o`g Ohtghag
Ohtghag ^okah
^okahgtta7
gtta7

^gr quá dh ?=90

?=90 `asdÿ
`asdÿo
o dc prafdr
prafdr ldhdro
ldhdro`gr
`gr `d kgr
kgrrad
radhtd
htd dcá
dcáktr
ktrako
ako
ccofo`g @ahofg.

9. ·Dh co `ahofg
`ahofg `d ^okahg
^okahgtta
tta dc kofpg
kofpg folh
folháta
átakg
kg dh dc ah`
ah`ukt
uktgr
gr dro
`d uh afïh pdrfohdhtd g uh dcdktrgafïh7

@d uh afïh pdrfohdhtd.
 

<. ·Kuïc
·Kuïc dro co `aid
`aidrdh
rdhkao
kao dhtrd
dhtrd co `ahofg
`ahofg `d ^oka
^okahgt
hgtta
ta y co `ah
`ahofg
ofg `d
Lroffd7

Cgs `ahofgs `aidræoh dh qud dc `d ^okahgtta tdhæo uh afïh pdrfohdhtd

kgfg ldhdro`gr `dc kofpg folhátakg dh dc ah`uktgr, fadhtros qud dc `d
Lroffd tdhæo kgfg ldhdro`gr `dc kofpg folhátakg dh dc ah`uktgr o uh
dcdktrgafïh.

YA@DG 2

[dlúh dc ^rgi. Rg`ræludz Gjd`o:

=. ·_uaá
·_uaáh
h ah
ahvdh
vdhtû
tû dc
dc kgcd
kgcdktg
ktgr7
r7

Co ahhgvokaûh qud masg ^okahgtta poro cglror dc ldhdro`gr `d kgrradhtd

`ardkto iud co krdokaûh `dc kghfuto`gr g kgcdktgr.

1. ·_uá opgr
opgrtd
td makadr
makadrgh
gh [
[adfdh
adfdhs
s y \mdotstgh
\mdotstghd7
d7
Dh ?=
?=9<
9< [a[adf
dfdh
dhs
s y \m
\mdodots
tstg
tghd
hd fd
fdjg
jgro
rorg
rgh
h dc `asd
`asdÿg
ÿg `d Oh Ohtg
tgha
hag
g
^okahgtta rddfpcozoh`g dc afïh pdrfohdhtd dh igrfo `d T `dc ah`uktgr 
pgr `gs bgbahos `d ocofbrd pudstos sgbrd uh húkcdg `d madrrg dh igrfo
`d T (dcdktrgafïh).

YA@DG ;

?. ·Kuïcds
·Kuïcds sgh
sgh co
cos
s kgf
kgfpghd
pghdhtds
htds `d
`d uho
uho `ahofg7
`ahofg7

Cgs kgfpghdhtds `d uh `ahofg, sdfdjohtd oc qud `dsorrgccg Ohtghag

^okahgtta dh ?=9>, sgh:

- Ah`uktgr (Afïh dh T pdrfohdhtd).

- Ah`uka`g (bgbahos `dr ocofbrd `aspudstos dh uh orfozûh `d madrrg).
- Kghfuto`gr (uha`g oc ah`uka`g).
- Dskgbaccos `d korbûh (dh kghtoktg kgh dc kghfuto`gr, uso`os kgfg
tdrfahocds `dc ldhdro`gr).

2. ·^gr
·^gr quá kuoh`g
kuoh`g sd ahvadrt
ahvadrtd
d dc sdhta`
sdhta`g
g `d larg dc vgcto
vgctojd
jd opo
opord
rdkd
kd
kgfg hdlotavg7

^grqud dstd salhg hgs ah`ako qud co kgrradhtd dstï karkucoh`g dh sdhta`g
kghtrorag.
 

;. ·_uá popdc
popdc `d
`dsdfp
sdfpdÿg
dÿg Pgfos
Pgfos Ocvo
Ocvo D`as
D`asgh
gh dh ds
dsto
to sdku
sdkudhkao
dhkao7
7

Dh ?=<<, Pgfos Ocvo D`asgh `asdÿg `ahofgs bosïh`gsd dh cgs trobojgs

prdv
prdvag
ags
s durg
durgpd
pdgs
gs,, su kgfp
kgfpoÿ
oÿæo
æo prg`
prg`uj
ujg
g dh
dhgr
grfd
fds
s `aho
`ahofg
fgs
s ququd d
sufaha
suf ahastr
strobo
oboh h co dhdrlæ
dhdrlæoo poro
poro pg`dr
pg`dr ocu
ocufbr
fbror
or fuk
fukmos
mos kau
kau`o`
`o`ds
ds `d
Hgrt
Hg rtd
d Of
Ofár árak
ako,
o, `d
`dba
ba`g
`g o qud
qud to
tofb
fbaá
aáh
h ahvd
ahvdht
htg
g dh ?=
?=<=
<= co bgfb
bgfbacacco
co
dcáktrako.

YA@DG 0

0. ·_uá
·_uá iuhka
iuhkaûh
ûh ta
tadhd
dhd dc kgcdk
kgcdktgr
tgr7
7

Rdkabd
Rdkabd co kgrra
kgrradh
dhtd
td dc
dcák
áktr
trak
ako
o qud
qud sd prg`
prg`uk
ukd
d dh cgs
cgs `d
`dvo
voho
ho`g
`gss `d
ocofbrd `urohtd co rgtokaûh `dc ah`uka`g, y ds dc puhtg `d kghtoktg poro
sufahastror dsto kgrradhtd.

4. ·_uá
·_uá cd ah`
ah`ako
ako d
dcc vocgr
vocgr `d
`d 2 wotts
wotts7
7

_ud co pgtdhkao `d dsto faha pcoto dcáktrako ds `d 2 wotts, ûsdo, qud dsto
sufahastroh`g 2 Jucag `d dhdrlæo dcáktrako pgr sdluh`g.

YA@DG 4

9. ·Dxpcaqud
·Dxpcaqud s
sukah
ukahtofdh
tofdhtd
td kûfg
kûfg iuhkagho
iuhkagho uh
uh fgtg
fgtgrr K@7

@gs afohds pdrfohdhtds prg`ukdh uh kofpg folhátakg qud otrod g

rdpdcd, sdlúh sdo dc kosg, o cgs pgcgs `d uh dcdktrgafïh (igrfo`g pgr 
uho dsparo g uh kghjuhtg `d dstos) qud pud`d laror cabrd dh dc kdhtrg `d
cgs prafdrgs.
^oro cglror uh larg kgfpcdtg (sah qud cgs pgcgs gpudstgs `d cgs afohds
pdrfohdhtds y dc dcdktrgafïh sd otroaloh y `dtdhloh dc fgvafadhtg), sd
ahvadrtd kghtahuofdhtd co pgcora`o` `dc dcdktrgafïh lrokaos o uh kgcdktgr,
qud
qu d ds
dstï
tï ig
igrf
rfo`
o`gg pgr
pgr cï
cïfa
fahohos
s `d kgbr
kgbrd
d rgco
rgco`o
`os
s pu
puds
dsto
toss dh cos
cos
tdrfahocds `dc dcdktrgafïh (dstïh fghto`os `d fohdro qud igrfoh uh
kacah`rg, pdrg hg dstïh dh kghtoktg dhtrd sæ)
Dc kgkght
htok
oktg
tg dh
dhtrd
trd dc dc
dcdk
dktr
trga
gafï
fïhh y co iudh
iudhtd
td sd `o lrok
lrokao
aos
s o uh
uhos
os
dskgbaccos kgcgko`os uho dh irdhtd `d co gtro qud dstïh dh kghtoktg
pdrfohdhtd kgh dc kgcdktgr (poro cglror dstg sd uso rdsgrtds).
 

YA@DG 9

<. ·^grqud
·^grqud dc kg
kgcdktg
cdktgrr tadhd
tadhd f
fukmo
ukmos
s `dclos
`dclos7
7

@dba`g o qud dc por fgtgr `d uh `dboh`g hg ds kghstohtd, sahg qud

voræoh `d vocgr fïxafg (kuoh`g dc `dvoho`g ds porocdcg oc kofpg) o uh
vocgr hucg (kuoh`g dc `dboh`g ds pdrpdh`akucor oc kofpg), co rgtokaûh
`dc rgtgr hg ds uhaigrfd. ^oro supdror dstg sd oÿo`dh fïs pords `d
`dclos kgh su prgpag `dvoho`g, `d toc igrfo qud uho iudrzo fgtgro
dstorï sadfprd prdsdhtd dh dc sastdfo.

=. ·Kuïhtgs
·Kuïhtgs tapgs
tapgs `d fgt
fgtgr
gr K@ dxastdh
dxastdh7
7 ·Dh qu
qud
d sd `aidr
`aidrdhkao
dhkaoh
h uhgs
`d gtrgs7

Dh ldhdroc dxastdh ; tapgs:

FGPGRD[ OTPGD]KAPO@
OTPGD]KAPO@G[
G[
Fgtgr dh porocdcg Fgtgr dh sdrad. Fgtgr kgfpudstg.
(smuht).

 Dxkatokaûh dh porocdcg.  Dxkatokaûh dh sdrad.  Dxkatokaûh kgfpudsto.

 Co kgrradhtd tgtoc qud socd  Co kgrradhtd tgtoc qud socd `d  Co vdcg
vdcgka
ka`o
`o`
` sd fofohthtad
adhd
hd
`d co iudhtd ds aluoc o co co iudhtd ds aluoc o co dstobcd irdhtd oc kofbag `d
kgrradh
kgrradhtd
td `dc ah`
ah`uka`
uka`g
g fïs kgrradhtd `dc ah`uka`g y o co korlo.
co kgrradhtd `d dxkatokaûh. kgrradhtd `d dxkatokaûh.  ^gsdd uh budh por `d
 ^gsdd uh por `d orrohqud  ^gsdd uh budh por `d orrohqud.
bojg. orrohqud.  [d `a`ava
va`d
`d co dxka
dxkato
toka
kaûh
ûh dh
 Co vdc
vdcgka
gka`o
`o`
` sd fohtad
fohtadhdhd  Co vdcgka`o` `asfahuyd
prïktakofdhtd kghstohtd oc `gs
`gs portd
portds,
s, uho
uho sd kgcg
kgcgkoko
obruptofdhtd oc oufdhtor co
oufdhtor co korlo. porocdcg kgh dc ah`uka`g, y co
korlo.
gtro:

 Dh sdra
sdrad
d kgh
kgh dc ah ah`u
`uka
ka`g
`g
(@dravokaûh Corlo).
 Dh sdrad kgh co iud iudhtd
(@dravokaûh Kgrto).

[d `dhgfahoh outgdxkato`gs puds co kgrradhtd `d dxkatokaûh prgvadhd `d

co fasfo iudhtd qud ocafdhto dc ah`uka`g, tofbaáh sd pud`d gbtdhdr uh
fgtgr dh dc kuoc co kgrradhtd `d dxkatokaûh prgvdhlo `d su prgpao iudhtd,
pdrg tadhd uh kgstg fïs dcdvo`g.