SECTION A: MCQ

1. What is not a typical characteristic of acids?

A They react with alkalis producing water.
B They react with all metals producing hydrogen.
C They react with carbonates producing carbon dioxide.
D They turn blue litmus paper red.

2. Compound P reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce a gas that turns limewater milky.
What is P?
A sodium carbonate
B sodium chloride
C sodium hydroxide
D sodium sulfate

3. Which reaction is a neutralisation reaction?

4. A student investigates two acids W and X.

The same volumes of W and X are reacted separately with excess magnesium.
The student makes the following observations.
1 Hydrogen gas is produced at a faster rate with W than with X.
2 The total volume of hydrogen gas produced is the same for both acids.
Which statement explains these observations?
A The pH of W is higher than the pH of X.
B W is an organic acid.
C W is a stronger acid than X.
D W is more concentrated than X.

5. Beryllium oxide reacts with both sulfuric acid and aqueous sodium hydroxide.
Which type of oxide is beryllium oxide?
A acidic
B amphoteric
C basic
D neutral
6. Elements W and X are metals.
Elements Y and Z are non-metals.
The oxides of W, X, Y and Z all form solutions when added to water.
Which statement is correct?
A The solution of the oxide of element W turns blue litmus red.
B The solution of the oxide of element X fizzes when sodium carbonate is added.
C The solution of the oxide of element Y has a pH greater than pH 7.
D The solution of the oxide of element Z fizzes when powdered magnesium is added.

7. Three solids, P, Q and R, all react with dilute sulfuric acid to produce zinc sulfate.
P and R produce gases during the reaction.
The gas produced when P reacts will not burn. The gas produced when R reacts will burn.
What are P, Q and R?

8. Some properties of four oxides are listed.

Oxide 1 reacts with both acids and alkalis to form salts.
Oxide 2 reacts with acids to form salts but does not react with alkalis.
Oxide 3 reacts with alkalis to form salts but does not react with acids.
Oxide 4 does not react with acids or alkalis.
Which row describes the oxides?

9. Which oxide produces a solution with a pH between pH 1 and pH 7 when reacted with
water?
A calcium oxide
B carbon dioxide
C potassium oxide
D sodium oxide
10. Magnesium, phosphorus and chlorine are elements in the same period of the Periodic
Table.
Which row describes the type of oxide formed by each of these elements?

11. Elements Q and R both burn in air.

The oxides formed both dissolve in water.
The solution of the oxide formed from element Q turns Universal Indicator red.
The solution of the oxide formed from element R turns Universal Indicator blue.
What are Q and R?
SECTION B: STRUCTURED QUESTIONS

1. Aqueous sodium carbonate is alkaline.

(a) Which one of the following pH values is alkaline?
Put a circle around the correct answer. [1]

(b) Aqueous sodium carbonate is colourless.

An excess of aqueous sodium carbonate is added to a solution of dilute sulfuric acid
and methyl orange.
Describe the colour change.
from....................................................................... to........................................................................ [2]
(c) The chemical equation for the reaction between sodium carbonate and dilute sulfuric
acid is shown.

Write the word equation for this reaction.

....................................................................................................................................................................... [2]
[Total: 5]

2. A molecule of ethanoic acid has the structure shown.

(a) Complete the dot-and-cross diagram to show the electron arrangement in ethanoic
acid. Show outer shell electrons only. [3]
 (b) Ethanoic acid is a weak acid.
(i) When referring to an acid, what is meant by the term weak?
....................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................. [1]
(ii) Describe how you could show that ethanoic acid is a weaker acid than
hydrochloric acid.
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................. [3]
[Total: 7]
3. Iron is a chemical element and a metal. It is the second most common metal on Earth
which is most widely used.
(a) When iron is added to dilute sulfuric acid, an aqueous solution of iron(II) sulfate is
formed as one of the products.
Write a chemical equation for the reaction.
..................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) When iron (III) oxide is added to dilute sulfuric acid, an aqueous solution of iron(III)
sulfate is formed as one of the products.
Write a chemical equation for the reaction.
....................................................................................................................................................................... [3]
[Total: 4]

4. A student reacted dilute hydrochloric acid with zinc oxide to prepare zinc chloride solution.
The diagram shows part of the procedure.

(a) Complete the box to name the apparatus. [1]

 (b) Write a chemical equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and zinc oxide.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [2]
(c) Which of the reactants was in excess?
....................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(d) (i) Name the separation process this apparatus is used for.
.............................................................................................................................................................. [1]
(ii) Suggest why this apparatus would not work.
....................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................. [1]
[Total: 6]

5. Cerussite is a lead ore which contains lead (II) carbonate. A student obtained a solution of
lead (II) nitrate from cerussite using the apparatus shown.

(a) Complete the boxes to name the apparatus. [2]

(b) Why was the cerussite crushed in step 1?
....................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c) Name the dilute acid used in step 2.
....................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(d) What is the general name given to an insoluble solid left on a filter paper after
filtration?
....................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(e) Write a chemical equation between cerussite and the acid you chose in step 2.
....................................................................................................................................................................... [2]
[Total: 7]
6. Ammonia is manufactured by combining nitrogen and hydrogen at high temperature and
pressure.

(a) Some fertilisers are salts made by adding acids to ammonia.

Give the name of the compound formed when ammonia reacts with nitric acid.
....................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) When salt in (a) is heated with sodium hydroxide, ammonia gas is formed back.
(i) Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction. [1]
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) Describe the test of the presence of ammonia gas from this reaction. [3]
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(c) Another salt is ammonium sulfate. Dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide was added to
this ammonium sulfate solution. The mixture was then warmed and damp Universal
Indicator paper was held above the mixture.
(i) State and explain what would happen to the Universal Indicator paper.
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................. [2]
(ii) Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction. [2]
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[Total: 9]

7. A student investigated the reaction between dilute hydrochloric acid and two different
aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide labelled solution O and solution P.
Two experiments were carried out.
Experiment 1
• A burette was filled with dilute hydrochloric acid. The initial burette reading was
recorded.
• Using a measuring cylinder, 20 cm3 of solution O were poured into a conical flask.
• Thymolphthalein indicator was added to the conical flask.
• The dilute hydrochloric acid was added from the burette, while swirling the flask,
until the solution just changed colour. The final burette reading was recorded.
(a) Use the burette diagrams to record the readings in the table and complete the table.

Experiment 2
• The conical flask was emptied and rinsed with distilled water.
• Experiment 1 was repeated using solution P instead of solution O.

(b) Use the burette diagrams to record the readings in the table and complete the table.

(c) What type of chemical reaction occurs when dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with
sodium hydroxide solution?
....................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(d) (i) Which solution of sodium hydroxide, solution O or solution P, is the more
concentrated?
Explain your answer.
....................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................. [2]
(ii) How many times more concentrated is this solution of sodium hydroxide than
the other solution of sodium hydroxide?
............................................................................................................................................................. [1]
[Total: 8]