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Research 2 Activity Sheet

Quarter 2 – MELC 3
Week 3
Text Citation

REGION VI- WESTERN VISAYAS

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Research 2 Activity Sheet No. 3
Text Citation
First Edition, 2020

Published in the Philippines

By the Department of Education
Region 6 – Western Visayas

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in
any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for the
exploitation of such work for a profit. Such agency or office may, among other
things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
This Learning Activity Sheet is developed by DepEd Region 6 – Western
Visayas.

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this learning resource may be

reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical
without written permission from the DepEd Regional Office 6 – Western Visayas.

Development Team of Research 2 Activity Sheet

Writer: Jennyfer M. Merabe

Editor: Imelda R. Mamac
Illustrator: Architect Michael Dalipe
Layout Artist: Jessie P. Batosin

Schools Division of San Carlos City Management Team:

Anthony H. Liobet
Julito L. Felicano
Antonio G. Uy
Jessie P. Batosin
Regional Management Team:
Ma. Gemma M. Ledesma
Josilyn S. Solana
Elena P. Gonzaga
Donald T. Genine
Rovel R. Salcedo
Moonyeen C. Rivera
Anita S. Gubalane
Minda L. Soldevilla
Daisy L. Lopez
Joseph M. Pagalaran

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Introductory Message
Welcome to Research 2!

The Learning Activity Sheet is a product of the collaborative efforts of the

Schools Division of San Carlos City and DepEd Regional Office VI - Western
Visayas through the Curriculum and Learning Management Division (CLMD).
This is developed to guide the learning facilitators (teachers, parents, and
responsible adults) in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12
Basic Education Curriculum.

The Learning Activity Sheet is self-directed instructional materials aimed

to guide the learners in accomplishing activities at their own pace and time using
the contextualized resources in the community. This will also assist the learners
in acquiring lifelong learning skills, knowledge, and attitudes for productivity and
employment.

For learning facilitator:

The Research 2 Activity Sheet will help you facilitate the leaching-
learning activities specified in each Most Essential Learning Competency (MELC)
with minimal or no face-to-face encounter between you and the learner. This will
be made available to the learners with the references/links to ease independent
learning.

For the learner:

The Research 2 Activity Sheet is developed to help you continue learning

even if you are not in school. This learning material provides you with meaningful
and engaging activities for independent learning. Being an active learner,
carefully read and understand the instructions then perform the activities and
answer the assessments. This will be returned to your facilitator on the agreed
schedule.

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Name of Learner: _______________________________________________________
Grade and Section: _______________________________ Date: _______________

Research 2 Activity Sheet No. 3

Text Citation

I. Learning Competency with Code

o Use proper citation (in-text -citation) using standard format
SSP_RS8-RRLII-i-j-11
II. Background Information for Learners
Through reading, you accumulate all the information you can obtain about a
particular topic, thus expanding your knowledge. However, this knowledge is not
entirely your own. This is created from various studies and investigations from
different researchers. Thus, when you use information from other sources, you
need to recognize the authors through citation.
A citation is when you refer to a published or an unpublished source. It is a
way of giving credit to the individuals for the information obtained from their
creative and intellectual work that you used as reference for research. In-text citing
sources of literature review that are used in the study, the American Psychological
Association (APA) format will be used. APA Format is also called author-date
system of citing sources because it uses the surname of the author and the year
the information was published. Another common style of citing text is Chicago
Manual of Style (CMOS) which makes use of the intext citation format: author last
name year, and page number(s).
These are guidelines in writing In-text citation that you may follow in writing
your paraphrased literature review. Remember to be consistent of the style you are
using. Below are examples of how to cite in-text citation.
1. Single Author
APA style
Terpenes have antimicrobial activity against pathogenic organisms because
these types of phytochemical destroy cell membranes of micro-organism
(Silva, 2010).

CMOS style
Terpenes have antimicrobial activity against pathogenic organisms because
these types of phytochemical destroy cell membranes of micro-organism
(Silva 2010, 54).
*APA: Author’s name and year of publication
*CMOS: Author’s name, year of publication and page number

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2. Two Authors
When you are citing a literature with two authors, the authors’ names
should always be written according to the order that they are listed in the
literature.
APA style
Calamansi peels’ essential oil contains terpenes namely α-pinene, β-pinene
and terpineol that are present in the essential oil of calamansi peels (Anzaldo
& Briones, 1993).

CMOS style
Salamansi peels’ essential oil contains terpenes namely α-pinene, β-pinene
and terpineol that are present in the essential oil of calamansi peels (Anzaldo
and Briones 1993, 15).

3. Three Authors
APA style
Staphylococcus aureus, a gram-positive bacterium has a spherical shape
which measures about one micrometer in diameter (Plata, Rosario & Wegrzyn, 2009)

CMOS style
Staphylococcus aureus, a gram-positive bacterium has a spherical shape
which measures about one micrometer in diameter (Plata, Rosario and
Wegrzyn 2009, 67)

4. Four Authors
APA style
Broad spectrum antibiotics like lineosamides, ampicillin, and tetracyclines
cause enterocolitis and diarrhea (Wawruch, Bozekova, Kremery & Kriska,
2002).

CMOS style
Broad spectrum antibiotics like lineosamides, ampicillin, and tetracyclines
cause enterocolitis and diarrhea (Wawruch et al. 2002, 125).

5. Multiple Authors

For APA five or more authors, only the surname of the first author is cited
and write et al. It means “and others”.
For CMOS, four or more authors, only the surname of the first author is
cited and write et al. It means “and others”.

APA style
The antibacterial test was done using the Agar Diffusion Method (Yao et al.,
2017).

CMOS style
The antibacterial test was done using the Agar Diffusion Method (Yao et al.,
2017, 113).

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 6. The same Information from Different sources

During your conduct of literature review, you might come across with the
same information coming from different articles or sources? The answer is
citing all these sources. Separate each source using a semi-colon (;). Study
the example below.

APA style
Both bacteria and fungi have been used to provide the necessary enzymes to
break down cellulose (Maki, Leung & Qin, 2009; Wizna et al., 2007).

CMOS style
Both bacteria and fungi have been used to provide the necessary enzymes to
break down cellulose (Maki, Leung and Qin 2009, 15; Wizna et al. 2007, 18).

7. Group or Corporate Author

When authors write in big companies or organization, usually the copyright

of the article goes to the group or company. Study the example below:

APA style
The threat of gram-positive bacteria that are resistant to multiple antibiotics
is clear. These bacteria Have built-in abilities to find new ways to resist
treatment and can pass along genetic material that allows other bacteria to
become drug-resistant as well (World Health Organization, 2017).

CMOS style
The threat of gram-positive bacteria that are resistant to multiple antibiotics
is clear. These bacteria Have built-in abilities to find new ways to resist
treatment and can pass along genetic material that allows other bacteria to
become drug-resistant as well (WHO 2017).

Style in Text Citation

Parenthetical citation at the start, within or at the end of these sentence
a. APA style
Komprada, et al. (2004) reported that naturally occurring substances in
spices have been shown to reduce histamine formation.

CMOS style
Komprada, et al. (2004, 15) reported that naturally occurring substances in
spices have been shown to reduce histamine formation.

b. APA style
Naturally occurring substances in spices, according to Komprada, et al.
(2004) were found to decrease the formation of histamine.

CMOS style

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 Naturally occurring substances in spices, according to Komprada, et al.
(2004, 485) were found to decrease the formation of histamine.

c. APA style
The reduction of histamine formation has been attributed to the presence of
naturally occurring substances (Komprada, et al., 2004)

CMOS style
The reduction of histamine formation has been attributed to the presence of
naturally occurring substances (Komprada, et al., 2004, 381)

III. Activity Proper

Activity 1. Information Sources for My Research Topic
Directions: Using the research topic you identified, find at least 10 related literature
that can be used as a source of information. Write the brief description of the
literature related to your research topic. Cite the author properly using different
styles of in-text citation.

Title Sample Literature Related to In-text Citation

the Research Topic APA CMOS

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Guide Question
Why do you think there is a need to recognize other people’s work in writing your
research study?

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IV. Reflection
Complete the statements below.
I understand
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

I don’t understand
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

I need more information about

_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

V. Answer Key
Activity 1
Students’ answers in their output may vary for it will be dependent on their chosen
research topic. You may opt to use the rubric or make some revisions depending on
your desired outcome.

Scoring Rubric
Rubrics for Rating

Criteria 4 3 2 1
All statements Most Some Most statement
Accuracy are correct statements statements cite outside
and verified are correct are correct information or
and verified and verified opinions
No more than One sentence Two sentence 3+ sentence
4 words taken contains more contain more contain more
Paraphrasing directly from than 4 words than 4 words than 4 words in
the statement in a row taken in a row taken a row taken
directly from directly from directly from the
the statement the statement statement
The summary The summary The summary Main idea is not
consists of consists of consists of discussed
Focus main idea and main idea and main idea and
important some minor only minor
details only details details
Not more than There are 2-3 There are 4-5 There are more
one punctuation, punctuation, than 6
Conventions punctuation, grammar, or grammar, or punctuation,
grammar, or spelling errors spelling errors grammar, or
spelling error found found spelling errors
are found found
The cited The cited The cited The cited
sources are sources are sources are sources are not
Citations reliable, cited reliable, cited reliable but reliable, not
and use but did not not cited and cited and did
proper in text- use proper in did not use not use proper
citation. text-citation. proper in text- in text-citation.
citation

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Guide Question
There is a need to recognize someone else’s work when gathering relevant
studies and incorporate them into my study to prevent plagiarism and copyright
infringement. Furthermore, it will also ensure that my work is credible and
trustworthy enough so as not to waste the effort, time, and resources I have
exerted.

VI. Links and Other References

Gorre, R. (2018) “Research Handbook (A Quick Guide to Scientific Writing”

Lahorra, O. (2020) “Scientific Research for Junior High School: Life Science and
Physical Science.

Ramos, J.D, Ramos A. C, Sabit M., Badjao J. E, (2017) “Senior High School:
Capstone Research Project. Phoenix Publishing House.