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    Instructiuni Fornax 35

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    Instructiuni Fornax 35

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    Instructiuni Fornax 35

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    J=J=fET@] — FORME 55 K ano 45 eee FORNAX® 45 VAC Inetrccrones de servicio It is absolutely necessary to read these instructions before installation and start- up. The centrifuge should only be operated by a person who is fully conversant with these instructions. Installation work by the customer 1.1 Main water supply. Water pressure: 1 bar minimum, 6 bar maximum. If the pressure is lower, use a circulation aggregate, if too high, install a reducing valve. Install a stop-cock for R 1/4" hose connection. 1.2 Power supply Single-phase AC 220 V, 50 Hz. Install the main switch supplied at a point near where the Fornax® is to be installed. Install a fixed 3-wire lead (1 phase, 1 centre point, 1 fused earth conductor) of 2.5 mm? from the distribution box to the main switch. Fit a separate slow-blowing 20 A fuse in the supply line. Connect the machine to the main switch, observing the local electricity regulations. The connections should be made only by a qualified electrician. Transport and lation 2.1 Strictly observe the separate Installation Instructions. 2.2 Water feed and return Cut the pressure hose (6 x 3 mm, approx. 4 m long) to length and fit to the casting machine's "water feed" connection, securing it with a hose clip. Fix the rest of the pressure hose to the machine's "water return" connection with clips and hang the other end of the hose in a sink or lead it straight to a drain. To operate 3.1 Open the water stop cock. (Not applicable where a circulation aggregate is used.) Set the main switch on "I" (on). Set the main switch on the machine on "I" (on), About 15 seconds after switching on, the cover of the machine will unlock automatically. (Do not open by violence!) If it should happen not to unlock, use the emergency unlocking prodecure (see para. 2 of the Installation Instructions). While this is being done, the main switch of the machine must absolutely be set on "0" (off). 3.4 When melting precious metals in a graphite insert, set the power selector switch on "Au"; for melting cobalt-chrome alloys and other alloys in ceramic crucibles, switch to "Co-Cr". 3.5 The colourless pilot lamp marked with the "water tap" symbol will light, if there is an adequate cooling water flow and the side and front panels of the machine's housing are locked in position. The machine is then ready for operatior 3.2 3.3 (© 800... menr ais in Programm 4. Melting and casting 4.1 Set IR emission control knob on the maximum value of 10, 4,2 Align the centrifugal arm with the crucible holder over the coil. On the Fornax® 45, the correct positioning of the centrifugal arm is indicated by the green pilot lamp at the top right-hand side of the control panel. 4.3 Insert the ceramic crucible, preheated in every case, into the crucible holder plate. Align the crucible's pouring opening with the centre. The crucible is held in position by the stop plate at the back. 4 When melting precious metals use a graphite insert. +5 Put in the casting ingots. 6 Place the preheated mould in the prism-shaped holder of the centrifu- gal arm. The mould must be up against the back plate and the side strap. 4.7 Adjust the height of the prism by means of the pivoting lever in the centrifugal arm, so that the casting funnel is on a level with the cru- cible outlet. If the casting funnel is not at the centre of the mould, turn the mould or align the crucible outlet. 4.8 Balancing the centrifugal arm: Slacken the star knob on the axle of the centrifugal arm by turning anticlockwise and move the counterweight after having pressed the catch, until the centrifugal arm is approximately balanced. Retighten the star knob. The counterweight scale has markings for mould sizes 1 - 9 and weights of 200 - 600 g. This facilitates the adjustment of the counter- weight. 4.9 Raise the crucible coil by raising the release handle on the front; in doing so, pull the crucible carriage back towards the centrifugal arm axle against the pressure of the spring, and centre the crucible in the middle of the crucible coil. 4.10 Secure the release handle by turning to the left. 4.11 Close the cover. The HF generator will start operating. The green pilot lamp with the "cover closed" symbol and the colourless pilot lamp in the illuminated push-button ("open cover" symbol) light. The HF heating can be interrupted by pressing the illuminated push-button. The cover can then be opened at once. In this way the mould can be inserted subsequently, during the melting operation. When the cover. is closed again, the HF heating continues to heat. 4,12 Observe the melt through the sight-glass in the cover 4.13 After the alloy has melted, turn the release handle on the front to the right and push it downwards slowly. The HF heating is interrupted immediately. When the lever is down, the centrifuging operation is started. The motor is set to run for a fixed period of 15 seconds. After a further 15 seconds, the magnetic lock of the cover opens. 4.14 Open the cover. Remove the mould. Remove the crucible and scrape it clean carefully. In the case of non-precious metal alloys remove the flashes. 4.15 Close the cover. Turn both the mains switch and the main switch on the machine to "0" (off). Close the water tap. 5. Melting with the mea uring unit for infrared emission (IR-Emission) Fornax® machines are provided with the IR emission measuring unit as standard. The infrared measuring cell is under the sight-glass in the cover. It receives the thermal radiation (infrared radiation) from the alloy and from the crucible and converts it into an electrical signal. This signal is compared with a set point, which is adjustable by means of the IR emission control knob on the control panel. When the preset value is reached, the HF heating is controlled accordingly. The IR emission scale on the control knob is no more than a guide for the melting of the alloys, due to the infrared radiation from diffe~ rent alloys being very different (emissivity). The setting on the scale must be found for each alloy by calibration. The value can be used as a guide before each new melting. ATTENTION: The radiation from fired graphite crucibles is stronger. The temperature of the melt is lower for the same setting. The IR emission control must be set higher to obtain the correct melt temperature. 6. Calibration of the IR emission measuring unit for precious metals, and alloys with reduced precious metals content, for crown and bridge work (PlatinLloyd®, BegoLloyd®, AuroLloyd®, Gold-EWL® 6.1 Place a ceramic crucible, preheated in every case, in the crucible holder of the centrifugal arm. Place graphite insert in the ceramic crucible. 6.2 Align the centrifugal arm over the coil. 6.3 Pull the crucible holder plate back towards the axle of the centrifugal arm against the pressure of the spring and raise the crucible coil by raising the release handle on the front Set the power selector switch on "Au", Turn IR emission control knob back to step 1. Put the ingots in the graphite insert. Close the cover. Raise the glass over the inspection hole and observe the alloy in the crucible. The machine heats up to the IR value set. The casting metal begins to glow but is still solid. 6.9 Turn the IR emission control knob up by about half a division approxi- mately every 15 seconds. When the edges of the small gold plates round off and begin to form a uniform melt, allow about 10 seconds cycling. 6.10 Once this value has been found, it can be marked as a guide for subse~ quent casting of about the same amount of the same alloys. In order to melt the alloy carefully, it is recommended that about one division under the guide value determined be used for a start for a new quantity of the same alloy, followed by the procedure in para. 6.9. 7. Calibration of the IR emission measuring unit for precious metal-to-ceramic alloys (pontostar®, PontoLloyd® P + S, BegoStar® 7.1 Set the IR emission control knob on position 3. 7.2 Put the casting metal in the graphite insert. Close the cover and heat the alloy up to the preset temperature. The ingots start to glow, but are still solid. 7.3 Turn the IR control knob up by half a division at intervals of about 15 seconds, until the ingots run together. The melt is then still viscous. This can be tested with a Fornax® quartz rod. (It should not be possible to dip the rod into the melt.) 7.4 Continue to turn the IR control knob further - as under 7.3 - until the melt in the crucible has the consistency of mercury, Test by knocking the Fornax® quartz rod against the crucible. 7.5 Once this value has been found, it can be marked as a guide for further castings with about the same quantity of the same alloy. It is important that the machine cycles 5 to 10 time after the melting temperature has been reached before the centrifuge is started. 7.6 If the melting process is interrupted by the cover being opened for the subsequent insertion of the mould, allow the machine to cycle 5 to 10 times after the cover has been reclosed, then start centrifuging. An important point for precious metal-to-ceramic alloys: the melt must have the consistency of mercury. 8. Casting of metal-to-ceramic allo metals content and are based on gold/palladium Proceed as for the precious metal-to-ceramic alloys (para. 7). s which have a reduced precious 8.1 BegoRex® in the graphite inser Heat up alloy until the ingots deform. Then insert the mould and close the cover. Wait until the melt has the consistency of mercury and the machine cycles. Then maintain the IR value for a further 20 to 30 seconds by means of the cycling system. After that, start the centrifuge by pressing the release handle down. 8.2 BegoPal® in the ceramic insert: Select heating step 2 for "Co-Cr”, Set IR control knob on "Max." (step 10). After inserting the mould and closing the cover, heat up until the last ingot has sunk into the melt and continue to heat for a further 5 seconds. Then start centrifuge. 9. Casting of cobalt-chrome alloys and non-precious metal-to-ceramic alloys in ceramic crucibles (Wironit®, Wironium®, Wirolloy®, Wiron® ATTENTION! The infrared radiation (emission) from molten alloys covered by an oxide skin is very different from that when no oxide skin is present. If the oxide skin breaks up during the melting process, the infrared sensor receives less radiation and the temperature reading is thereby falsified. I.e., a melt with the oxide skin still intact gives a temperature reading of 1400° C, but after the skin has broken up it radiates like a melt at 1300° C. Non-precious metal alloys forming a melt with a reflective surface cannot be controlled with the cycling system. With these alloys the measuring unit is normally not required, since the melt temperature does not need to be maintained. The IR emission control knob is set on the maximum value and the centrifuge started as soon as the ingots have fused together and the casting shadow disappears. 10. Casting sequence Fornax® 35 K; 40 castings in succession, Fornax® 35 KU and 45 KU: 20 castings in succession, then an interval of not less than 1 hour, Fornax® 45 and 45 Vac: 40 castings in succession, Fornax® 45 U and 45 Vac U: approx. 15 castings in succession, then an interval of not less than 1 hour. Casting delay time and mould preheat temperature The casting delay time is reduced to a minimum thanks to the possibility of inserting the mould after the alloy has been heated up and melted. This is particularly important for small precious metal moulds, which can cool down in the centre by about 50° C within 30 seconds. Guide values for mould preheat temperatures (do not fail to observe the instructions of the manufacturer of the alloy) : Precious metals for crown and bridge work: 700° C, Precious metal-to-ceramic alloys and metal-to-ceramic alloys with a reduced content of precious metals - 850° C, Cobalt-chrome alloys: 1000 ~ 1050° G, Non-precious metal-to-ceramic alloys: 950 - 1000° C. 12._ Safety 12.1 The centrifuging process and HF heating can be switched on only when the cover of the housing is locked. 12.2 When the illuminated push-button with the "cover open" symbol has been pressed, the HF heating is interrupted and the magnetic lock on the cover opens. The motor does not start, even if the control lever is pushed down. The mould can be inserted at this stage sub- sequently. 12.3 When the centrifuge is running the cover cannot be opened until the centrifugal arm has come to rest (magnetic lock). The lock opens about 15 seconds after the centrifuge motor has been switched off. 12.4 The machine cannot be operated if there is a shortage of water. The colourless pilot lamp with the "water tap" symbol does not then light up. Correct closing of the limit switches at the housing panels is also indicated by this pilot lamp 12.5 The induction coil should be raised into the heating position only, when the melting crucible is centred over it. The release handle can be fixed during the melting process. 12.6 The centrifuging can be started only, if the one-hand control lever was already in the upper position before. 12.7 The HF generator is protected against overloading by means of a built-in overcurrent relay. In case of release, the yellow pilot lamp with the "lightning" symbol lights. To reset, the main switch on the machine must be switched off, then on again. 12.8 The release lever can be raised only, if the main switches are switched on. When the motor is running, the release lever is magne- tically locked in its lower position. This makes it impossible to raise the crucible coil into the rotating centrifugal arm. 12.9 When using graphite inserts, melt only on step "Au" (set on the power selector switch). If melting is carried out inadvertently on step "Co-Cr", the over- current relay switched off the generator, and the cover immediately springs open so that the melting process can be continued without loss of time. 13. Crucibles 13.1 After each casting operation, remove residues from the ceramic cru- cible by scraping carefully and using tweezers 13.2 Preheat ceramic crucibles to not less than 700 - 800° C (on mould temperature) . 13.3. Never melt different alloys in the same crucible. This applies also to precious metals. 13.4 Graphite inserts to put into the main crucibles are available for precious metals. Do not preheat graphite inserts in the furnace. Clean graphite inserts by blowing out with compressed air. 14, Maintenance ATTENTION Before opening the front and side panels of the machine housing, always switch the main switch to "0", Electrical work on the machine may be carried out only by qualified electricians. Always keep the machine clean. Not less than twice a year, clean the inside with a vacuum cleaner (never a blower!), after having first switched the main switch and the main switch of the machine to "0" (off). Carefully remove crucible and metal residues, taking particular care to ensure that no metal particles get into the guide for the induction coil leads. The windings of the induction coil must not touch one another. When cleaning the inside of the machine, never use water. If the machine is in daily use, the electrical parts should be inspected annually by a qualified electrician. The free movement of the coil lowering system should be checked. Dust deposits on the insulating plates and insulators should be removed with a dry cloth. Regulating instrument for windings for the adjustment of the crucible coil When casting precious metals in the graphite crucible the optimum adjust- ment of the crucible coil is important. The graphite crucible must be heated regularly from bottom to top towards the outflow, in order to limit residues to a minimum. From time to time control adjustment with the regulating instrument for windings: 14.1 Insert ceramic crucible and raise crucible coil. 14,2 Hold regulating instrument for windings into the outflow hole of the crucible using tongs. 14.3. Check, whether the upper windings correspond to the regulating instrument for windings (see pic. 4), if not adjust. 14.4. Observe minimum distance of the lower windings of 1 - 2 mm (thickness of plaster knife). 15. Fornax® 45 Vac The Fornax® 45 Vac is equipped with a water ring vacuum pump, which is located in the machine at the bottom to the rear. It operates on water, which is used in a circulation system. The water tank stands outside the machine at the back. The supply and return lines from the pump pass through the back of the Fornax® straight into the tank. Care should be taken to keep the water always full (level between the Min. and Max. values). At initial start-up or after a lengthy standstill, the suction line must be filled up with water (see para. 10.4 of the Installation Instructions). If the pump does not immediately start creating a vacuum when it is switch- ed on, the vacuum switch (toggle switch with the "pump" symbol on the front panel) must be switched off to "0". That casting operation must then if necessary, be speedily carried out without a vacuum. 16. Melting and casting under vacuum 16.1 In preparation for casting, insert the crucible with the ingots and insert the mould, as described in para. 4. 16,2 Set the power selector switch on the front panel to suit the alloy being used, ie. on "Au" for melting in a graphite crucible or on "Co-Cr" for non-precious metal alloys. 16.3 When melting in a graphite crucible, set the IR emission control knob on the guide value determined for the particular alloy (see paras. 6 and 7 of the Operating Instructions) . When melting non-precious alloys, set on the maximum value of 10. 16.4 Set the vacuum switch with the "pump" symbol on "I", remove crucible and metal residues, taking particular care to ensure that no metal particles get into the guide for the induction coil leads. The windings of the induction coil must not touch one another. When cleaning the inside of the machine, never use water. If the machine is in daily use, the electrical parts should be inspected annually by a qualified electrician. The free movement of the coil lowering system should be checked. Dust deposits on the insulating plates and insulators should be removed with a dry cloth. Regulating instrument for windings for the adjustment of the crucible coil When casting precious metals in the graphite crucible the optimum adjust- ment of the crucible coil is important. The graphite crucible must be heated regularly from bottom to top towards the outflow, in order to limit residues to a minimum. From time to time control adjustment with the regulating instrument for windings: 14.1 Insert ceramic crucible and raise crucible coil. 14,2 Hold regulating instrument for windings into the outflow hole of the crucible using tongs. 14.3. Check, whether the upper windings correspond to the regulating instrument for windings (see pic. 4), if not adjust. 14.4. Observe minimum distance of the lower windings of 1 - 2 mm (thickness of plaster knife). 15. Fornax® 45 Vac The Fornax® 45 Vac is equipped with a water ring vacuum pump, which is located in the machine at the bottom to the rear. It operates on water, which is used in a circulation system. The water tank stands outside the machine at the back. The supply and return lines from the pump pass through the back of the Fornax® straight into the tank. Care should be taken to keep the water always full (level between the Min. and Max. values). At initial start-up or after a lengthy standstill, the suction line must be filled up with water (see para. 10.4 of the Installation Instructions). If the pump does not immediately start creating a vacuum when it is switch- ed on, the vacuum switch (toggle switch with the "pump" symbol on the front panel) must be switched off to "0". That casting operation must then if necessary, be speedily carried out without a vacuum. 16. Melting and casting under vacuum 16.1 In preparation for casting, insert the crucible with the ingots and insert the mould, as described in para. 4. 16,2 Set the power selector switch on the front panel to suit the alloy being used, ie. on "Au" for melting in a graphite crucible or on "Co-Cr" for non-precious metal alloys. 16.3 When melting in a graphite crucible, set the IR emission control knob on the guide value determined for the particular alloy (see paras. 6 and 7 of the Operating Instructions) . When melting non-precious alloys, set on the maximum value of 10. 16.4 Set the vacuum switch with the "pump" symbol on "I", 16.5 Close the cover. The HF heating starts working and the vacuum pump starts running. The pressure gauge on the front panel at the right shows the process of the evacuation. 16.6 The vacuum pump runs until the vacuum reaches 150 mbar and then switches itself off. If the pressure rises, the pump switches itself on again and runs until the pressure is back to 150 mbar. 16.7 When the casting temperature is reached a) melting in a graphite crucible: the cycling system operates at the IR emission value selected b) casting od non-precious metal alloys: the ingots have run together and form a uniform melt. The oxide skin has broken up. 16.8 On completion of the centrifuging operation, air is automatically admitted to the vacuum chamber. The cover can then be opened as soon as the cover lock has released itself. If the vacuum switch is set back to "0" during the course of the melting, air is immediately admitted to the vacuum chamber. The melting process is not thereby interrupted. If the mould is to be inserted subsequently, we recommend to start to glow the alloy, when the vacuum switch has been set to position "0", and only after the insertion of the mould switch on the vacuum switch. 17. Maintenance of the vacuum system Keep the water tank always full. After a lengthy shutdown, refill the water ring vacuum pump through the feed hose if necessary (see para. 10,4 of the Installation Instructions) . After about 3 years, clean the bearings of the vacuum pump and refill to about half full with new grease. Use a roller bearing grease satisfying the requirements of test B in DIN 51806, e.g. Aeroshell Grease 16. Always keep the vacuum chamber clean (using a vacuum cleaner). From time to time apply silicone grease to the lifting pipe where it passes through the base of the centrifugal compartment. Before a long shutdown (about 2 months), completely empty the pump and apply a preservative by pouring half a litre or preserving solution or oil into the suction nozzle and switching the pump on for a short time. Always keep the ring gasket and the sealing surface at the centrifuge compartment cover clean. werent Yin ano ny ng by aa ten wena hig argon mon omy as oes rey A enol Sesto tt hl conden ayn aan ty enon te even oe poss we Higher pressure 3 a 2 8 3 Locknut-slacken to adjust xoadde with OT ‘sonprsea pjod amurury ayvay axe atgionis ayydes® oun jo syed THER pue FORT OUT sajoy Burznod ayy Jo o8pa somoy ayy isurese dn paysnd axe sBurpurm om} doy oy, “uorytsod umunjdo ayy ut st [os atqronss aur, sparmdn puaq

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