EAST WEST UNIVERSITY

Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering (EEE)

Pre-Lab Post-Lab

Course code: EEE 101 Sec: 02

Course Title: Electrical Circuits

Exp. No: 01
Exp. Name: Introduction to circuit variables and circuit
elements
St. Name: Mahfuz Bhuiyan
St. ID: 2019-1-80-045
Group no.: 06

Partners’ IDs: (1) Name: MD. Minhazur Rahman

ID: 2020-3-80-001
(2) Name: Rashed Mohammed Iqbal
ID: 2020-3-80-013
(3)
Date of Instructor’s
performance: Comment and
Signature:

Date of submission:
1. Objective:
The objective of this experiment is to get familiar with circuit variables like voltage,
current and power circuit elements (voltage source and resistance) and measuring
instruments such as voltmeter and ammeter.

2. Circuit diagrams:

3. Principle:
The principle of this experiment is too familiar with two essential circuit variables are
current (I) and voltage (V). The flow rate of positive charges through a cross-section is
known as current, and it is measured in amperes (A).

The work required to move a unit charge from one location to another is known as
voltage between tv points and is measured in volts (V). Power (P), which is measured
in Watts (W), is the rate of energy dissipation. P = VI in mathematics.

Electric circuits contain two different kinds of elements. a substance that is energetically
active. An active element is something like a voltage source or a battery. Passive
elements typically consume power and cannot produce it. A passive element is
something like a resistance.

Voltage and current are measured using voltmeters and ammeters, respectively. How
ammeters and voltmeters should be connected for measurement is shown in the
accompanying diagram. Here, the element is connected in series with the ammeter,
which measures the current flowing through it, and the voltmeter, which measures the
voltage across the element.
4. Experiment Data:

For Series Circuit

Our measured value of resistors
R1 = 46.3 Ω
R2 = 99.7 Ω
R3 = 217 Ω

Voltage source set to Vs = 2.5 V (nearly)

Now, Let’s Measure the current I with the ammeter and the voltages V1, V2 with the
voltmeter.

V = 0.67 V
1

V = 1.45 V
2

I = 12.5 mA

For Parallel Circuit

Voltage source set to Vs = 2.5 V (nearly)
Now Let’s Measure the voltage V with the voltmeter and the currents I1, I2 with the
ammeter.

V= 2.49 V
I = 22.6 mA
1

I = 10.1 mA
2

A signed data sheet attached with this report.

5. Answer to the lab-report questions:

Answer To The Question No. 01

Experimental datasheet attached with this report.

Answer To The Question No. 02

➢ For series circuit our measured value
R1 = 46.3 Ω
R2 = 99.7 Ω
V1 = 0.67 V
V2 = 1.45 V
I = 12.5 mA
V = V1+V2 = 2.12 V

Now, using measured value let’s complete the theoretical calculation

I = (Vs/R1+R2) = {2.12 V/(46.3 Ω +99.7 Ω)} = 0.0145205 A = 14.521 mA

As this is a series circuit all branch’s current will be same

V1 = IR1 = 0.0145205 A* 46.3 Ω = 0.672 V
V2 = IR2 = 0.0145205 A* 99.7 Ω = 1.448 V
V = V1+V2 = 2.12 V

➢ For parallel circuit our measured value

R3 = 99.7 Ω
R4 = 217 Ω
V = 2.49 V
I1 = 22.6 mA
I2 = 10.1 mA
I = I1+I2 = 32.7 mA
Now, using measured value let’s complete the theoretical calculation
I = (V/R3llR4) = {2.49/ (99.7 Ω *217 Ω /99.7 Ω +217 Ω)} = (2.49/68.314 Ω)
= 0.0364 A = 36.4 mA

As this is a series circuit all branch’s voltage will be same

I1 = V/R3 = (2.49/99.7 Ω) = 0.02497 A = 24.97 mA
I2 = V/R4 = (2.49/217 Ω) = 0.01147 A = 11.47 mA
 Answer To The Question No. 03

Comparison between measured values and calculated of series circuit:

Values V(V) V1(V) V2(V) I(mA)
Measured 2.12 0.67 1.45 12.5
Calculated 2.12 0.67 1.45 14.5
Discrepancy 0% 0% 0% 13.79%
Level

Comparison between measured values and calculated of parallel circuit:

Values I(mA) I1(mA) I2(mA) V(V)
Measured 32.7 22.6 10.1 2.49
Calculated 36.4 24.97 11.47 2.49
Discrepancy 10.16% 9.49% 11.94% 0%
Level

Comment: After comparison we can say that the theoretical values and
measured values are almost same. A little mismatch can be occurred for
the instrumental error.

Answer To The Question No. 04

By using Ohm’s law, Let’s calculate the value of resistor:
R1 = 53.6 Ω
R2 = 116 Ω
R3 =110.18 Ω
R4 =246.53 Ω

Comment: The result shows us that there is different compare to the measured
values of resistor by multimeter. That’s why in previous measured and calculated value
of Voltage & Current has little bit of error.
 Answer To The Question No. 05
There are five range in the voltmeter that we used in our lab. The scales are 10V,
30V, 100V, 300V, 1000V. For 5V we have to use 10V range and for 12V we have
to use range of 30V. Also, there are three range in the ammeter that we used in
our lab. The scales are 10mA, 30mA, 300mA. For 5mA we have to use 10mA
range and for 12V we have to use range of 30mA. By using these scales our
measurement will be easier.

6. Discussions
From this experiment we got chances to be familiar with the concept of circuit variables like
voltage, current and power circuit elements (voltage source and resistance) and measuring
instruments such as voltmeter and ammeter. Also, got concept about voltage drop and rise and the
role of active and passive element in a circuit.
Current and voltage are two fundamental circuit variables. Current through a cross-section defined
as the flow rate of positive charges and is measured in Ampere. Voltage between two points is
defined as the work done to move unit charge from one point to the other and is measured Volts.
There are two types of elements in electric circuits. An active element capable of generating energy.
A voltage source or a battery is an example of an active element. passive element cannot generate
energy and usually absorb power. A resistance is an example of passive element.
As we didn’t face any problem while performing this experiment but after comparison of the
theoretical values and measured values, we got little mismatch that can be occurred for the
instrumental regular usage damage.