VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

“JnanaSangama”, Machhe, Belagavi, Karnataka-590018

A Seminar Report on

“POULTRY MONITORING AND HEALTH STATUS

IDENTIFICATION”
Submitted in partial fulfillment towards Seminar Work of VIII semester of

Bachelor of Engineering
in
Computer Science and Engineering

Submitted by

DIVYA A 4GW18CS023
Under the Guidance of

Dr. Raviraj P
Professor

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

(Accredited by NBA, New Delhi, Validity: 01.07.2017 – 30.06.2020 & 01.07.2020 – 30.06.2023)

GSSS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY FOR WOMEN

(Affiliated to VTU, Belagavi, Approved by AICTE, New Delhi & Govt. of Karnataka)
(Accredited with Grade ‘A’ by NAAC)
K.R.S Road, Metagalli, Mysuru-570016, Karnataka
2021-2022
 Geetha Shishu Shikshana Sangha (R)
GSSS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY FOR WOMEN
(Affiliated to VTU, Belagavi, Approved by AICTE -New Delhi & Govt. of Karnataka)
K.R.S Road, Mysuru-570016, Karnataka
Accredited with Grade ‘A’ by NACC

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

(Accredited by NBA, New Delhi, Validity 01.07.2017 to 30.06.2020 & 01.07.2020 to 30.06.2023)

CERTIFICATE

Certified that the seminar report on entitled “Poultry Monitoring And Health Status
Identification” is a bonafide work carried out by DIVYA A (4GW18CS023), in
partial fulfillment for the award of Degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Computer
Science and Engineering of the Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi,
during the year 2021-2022. The Seminar Report has been approved as it satisfies the
academic requirements with respect to the Seminar work prescribed for Bachelor of
Engineering Degree.

Signature of Guide Signature of HOD

Dr. Raviraj P Dr. S Meenakshi Sundaram
Professor Professor and Head
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I sincerely owe my gratitude to all the persons who helped and guided me to
carry out the internship.

I am thankful to Mrs. Vanaja B Pandit, Honorary Secretary, GSSSIETW,

Mysuru, for having supported in my academic endeavors.

I am thankful to Dr. Shivakumar M, Principal, GSSSIETW, Mysuru, for all

the support he has rendered.

I thank Dr. S Meenakshi Sundaram, Professor and Head, Department of

Computer Science and Engineering, for his constant support and encouragement
throughout the tenure of this Seminar work.

I would like to sincerely thank my guide Dr. Raviraj P, Professor, Department

of Computer Science and Engineering, for providing relevant information, valuable
guidance and encouragement to complete this Seminar work.

I am extremely pleased to thank my parents, family members and friends for

their continuous support, inspiration and encouragement, for their helping hand and
also last but not the least, I thank all the members who supported directly or indirectly
in the I work process.

DIVYA A
[4GW18CS023]

i
 ABSTRACT

Poultry Management is one major agriculture business. The big challenge in the poultry is to

identify the disease in the early stage and avoid to spread the disease to another. Most of the

cases it needs an intense labor and training. We propose an embedded system that can

monitor the poultry and distinguish the affected ones from the group. This will allow the

users to detect the sick units earlier and leads a cost effective solution for poultry industry.

The initial target of this paper is to develop an embedded IOT system connected with the

server that can monitor the poultry farms. The second target is to present the current work

that has been done on sound analysis for poultry industry. The third target is to describe the

future work that can be done to develop real-time IOT system.

ii
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Acknowledgement i
Abstract ii
Table Of Contents iii
List of Figures iv
List of Tables iv

1 INTRODUCTION 1

2 BACKGROUND 2
2
2.1 System Architecture
3
2.2 Data flow
4
2.3 Functional Component

3 METHODOLOGY 6

3.1 Image Analysis 7

3.2 Sick Identification Using Video Frames 8

9
3.3 Audio Analysis

4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 11

4.1 Advantage 11
4.2 Disadvantage 11

CONCLUSION 12

REFERENCES 13

iii
 LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE PAGE
DESCRIPTION
NUMBER NUMBER

Figure 1.1 IoT System architecture for poultry monitoring 3

Figure 2.1 Functional, Dataflow and Analysis of the Signals 4

Figure 3.1 Flow of control, alerting module. 6

Figure 3.2 Warning message. 7

Figure 3.3 I.a. frame 1 ,frame2 7
Figure 3.4 gray scale of frame 1,Frame2 8

Figure 4.1 Hen in guage 10

Figure 4.2 Sick hen 10

iv
 Poultry Monitoring And Health Status Identification

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

Internet of Things (IoT) can be described as connecting everyday objects like smart-
phones, Internet TVs, sensors and actuators to the Internet where the devices are
intelligently linked together enabling new forms of communication between things and
people, and between things themselves. Building IoT has advanced considerably within
the last number of years since it's additional a replacement dimension to the planet of data
and communication technologies. The web has returned a protracted excess of the last
thirty years

In general the poultry industry manages chicken, turkey, duck, goose and ostrich. Disease
can spread rapidly among poultry because they are always kept together in a cage or
chicken house. Infectious Bronchitis, Avian Influenza, Infectious Sinusitis, Fowl Pox and
Infectious Coryza are common diseases among the poultry. Coughing, Sneezing, Shaking
head, Rales (abnormal breathing sound), Gasping, Discharge from eyes, Nasal discharge,
swelling of face and Paralysis are the common symptoms of those disease. The diseases
are classified into bacterial, viral, parasitic and fungal diseases. Most of these diseases
can be analyzed and identified based on the sound, video and temperature of hens. If we
analyze the rale then we can decide whether the hen is sick or not. The proposed model
used this idea to capture an audio, video and temperature using various sensors, screen
them to decide whether the hen is sick or not and to predict the appropriate disease.

A poultry farm is where domesticated birds are raised. Poultry include chickens, turkey,
ducks, and geese. These animals are raised for their meat and eggs. Chickens are the most
common bird raised for both meat and eggs. Chickens that are raised for their meat are
called broilers. Chickens that are raised for their eggs are called laying hens or layers.
Some special breeds of poultry are raised for shows and competitions of camera.
Different from the single image raindrop removal methods, which have the limitations on
generalization capabilities, the image pairs, which are used to train the image inpainting
task in a supervised learning paradigm, can be easily generated. It makes deep learning-
based image inpainting methods have million-level training datasets and work well even
on the non-homologous images with pre-trained models.

Dept. of CSE 1 GSSSIETW, Mysuru

 Poultry Monitoring And Health Status Identification

Chapter 2
BACKGROUND

2.1 SYSYEM ARCHITECTURE

The system architecture has three layers such as

i. IoT Sensors Layer
ii. Processing and Filtering Layer
iii. Cloud Infrastructure Sensor layer gathers all the input from the poultry.
The processing and filtering system simply analyze the data and interpret the data into a
meaning full format. It also sends the data to the cloud server.
The cloud server gathers all the data from the various poultry and stores for analytics and
real-time service. Any poultry can register for the service of monitoring.
The main purpose of the cloud server is to provide authentication, authorization,
notification, high availability and scalability.

In the poultry the hens will be stored as a group. The plan is to identify the hen which is
sick among the group. We can capture temperature, sound, video of the gauge for
analysis. The noises of all hens has influence of recording the sound waves.
But in contrast the other readings like temperature, RGB input may have less influence of
other nearby gauges. We have done a comprehensive study about video and sound
analysis for identifying the infected hen using IoT.

Dept. of CSE 2 GSSSIETW, Mysuru

 Poultry Monitoring And Health Status Identification

Fig. IoT System architecture for poultry monitoring

2.2 DATAFLOW

The Real-time Poultry Disease Identification (RTPDIS) gets all the raw signal and
process all the channels separately. Then the process extracts the features out of the various signal
channels. The extracted features go to the KNN trained algorithm which we refer here as Real-
time Poultry Disease Identification System (RTPDIS) Algorithm for the sick classification. The
RTPDIS provides output as the coordinates and the labels of the status like normal, sick etc., the

Dept. of CSE 3 GSSSIETW, Mysuru

 Poultry Monitoring And Health Status Identification

cost effectiveness and the accuracy can be achieved through increasing or decreasing the sensors.
The cost and the accuracy is indirectly propositional. The microphone sensor alone can sense if
hens are sick or not. Along with the RGB camera we can barely detect the position of the sick
hen. The temperature sensor ensures the position in detail.

Fig. Functional, Dataflow and Analysis of the Signals

2.3 Functional Components

Audio signal from the sensor will provide digital output data. SD card attached into the
Arduino saves the digital signal data saves the data. The recorder starts the recording
audio streams. The recorder stores the data into chunks of 1 minute records. The sync
audio module sends the stored files into the processing server attached with the Arduino.
Once the file sent successfully, then the files gets deleted from the Secure Digital (SD)
card. In this way the space in the SD card is maintained. The server can handle its own
storage management. It can hold the data into cloud or might be Storage area network
(SAN) file servers. But for temporary processing the server needs to keep the files into
Solid-state drive (SSD) hard disk for sometimes. In the processing server, the audio files

Dept. of CSE 4 GSSSIETW, Mysuru

 Poultry Monitoring And Health Status Identification

are analyzed using the MATLAB with the help of .net command line exe. The analysis
reports can save in the database. If any anomaly is found then the alert could send to the
mobile. This alerts can be an application alerts, email and SMS. The results and the files
can be pushed through internet. Various analytics can be done using the data. The RGB
camera data sends the video frames as image sequence. The images are captured 1 per
second. Even though the RGB camera can capture 25 frames per second, the analytics
based on a single frame per second. The same RGB camera can be used see the live view
of the poultry. The same image files are sent to the processing server and the position and
the boundary has been calculated. The time and the movement delta has been calculated
based on the image. If the delta movement of the hen is less than the range of the
acceptance then the hen needs to be keenly watched. The total movement, the delta
movement and the time has correlation. During the night time, the movement of the hens
are little compare to the day time. There is a correlation between the health of the hen and
the movement pattern. All these studies can be done using the RGB camera Humidity
(Hu), Temperature (Te), Thermal values array (Tv[1:n]) and Gas (G[1:n]) are five values
are captured through sensors every second and sent to the processing server. These values
has been used to maintain the better environment for poultry farming. The sound analysis
module uses the Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients MFCC audio feature extraction and
SVM for analyzing the audio. This produces the decision of sick and non- sick poultry.
The hen identification and position module uses the particle filtering algorithm with
tracking. This provides a better accuracy of tracking of hen. The place and temperature
provides the grid of Matrix. The temperature sensor can track up to (8X8) points.
Henceforth, the proposed system captures and intimates, whether the tracked hen has
fever or temperature.
Ardunio
Ardunio UNO is prototyping board has been used here to test and simulate the
prototype. Once the prototype is tested then we can create the custom circuits. The
Ardunio has 13 digital inputs. The six sensors has been connected from D1-D6 port. The
SD card is connected with the D10 pin. Ardunio saves the RGB camera frame as an image
into SD card. It also saves the audio chunk into the card. It calls the API available in the
local processing server for posing the data from other sensors. It takes care of transferring
the files into the local processing server once the transformation has been done, then it
will delete the data from the local SD card to free up the storage space.

Dept. of CSE 5 GSSSIETW, Mysuru

 Poultry Monitoring And Health Status Identification

Chapter 3
METHODOLOGY
The developed system will continuously monitor the environmental parameters like
temperature, humidity, water level. For effective growth of chickens in poultry farm all
the above parameters should be in desired level, if not it will be difficult for the survival of
the chickens. To avoid this situation, in this research a system is being designed which
will provide the status of each of the parameters and alerts the person in-charge if any
critical situations arises.

Fig.Flow of control, alerting module.

Dept. of CSE 6 GSSSIETW, Mysuru

 Poultry Monitoring And Health Status Identification

Here temperature sensor, humidity sensor and ultrasonic sensors are given to the base
unit along with a GSM module. This will alert the person in-charge if the temperature of
the poultry farm crosses a threshold value.

Fig.Warning message.

3.1 Image Analysis

The sensors provides input like thermal value array and RGB image. The system needs
to map both inputs, then only we can track the hen along with the temperature.

Fig I.a. frame 1 Fig I.b. frame 1

Dept. of CSE 7 GSSSIETW, Mysuru

 Poultry Monitoring And Health Status Identification

Fig I.c. gray scale of frame 1 Fig I.d. gray scale of frame 2

Fig I.e. different of c and d Fig I.f. reduced the noise

3.2 Sick Identification Using Video Frames

Let us take the Smin and Smax are the allowed temperatures of the hen H i which is on
the grid i. Then the hen is sick are not will be decided by the following function g t
defined as Eq. (10).

Equation (11) describes the infection

Dept. of CSE 8 GSSSIETW, Mysuru

 Poultry Monitoring And Health Status Identification

The infection alert hi will return the Boolean value based on the function gt and gd
which is defined in Eq.(12).The OR operator can be applied to get the result.

Hence the model is validated based on the temperature and moving pattern.
3.3 Audio Analysis
Audio feature extraction process is a very complex process. It has multiple stages
as listed below, to predict the infection.

• Reduce the noise in the captured audio.

• Normalize the audio

• Use the audio features extraction technique

• Machine learning algorithms to train and classify the signal normal, sick

• Finally test the input with the trained classifier to decide the hen is sick or not using
the audio signal.

3.3.1 STUDY OF MEL-FREQUENCY CEPSTRAL COEFFICIENTS(MFCC)

OF AUDIO SIGNAL

Mel-Frequency Cestrum Coefficients (MFCCs) have been very popular in the field of
speech processing. MFCCs are actually a type of cepstral representation of the signal,
where the frequency bands are distributed according to the Mel-scale, instead of the
linearly spaced approach. The Fig.Hen in guage and Fig. Sick hen displays the audio
segment analysis done with MFCC features for normal and the sick hen.

Dept. of CSE 9 GSSSIETW, Mysuru

 Poultry Monitoring And Health Status Identification

Fig.Hen in guage

Fig.Sick hen

Dept. of CSE 10 GSSSIETW, Mysuru

 Poultry Monitoring And Health Status Identification

Chapter 4
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Automated poultry farm has a great impact on increasing the productivity of chicken by
monitoring and controlling of all ecological parameters systems also control the Food
valve which effects on the growth chicken.

Advantages

 Morality rate will be increased.

 Will save many human lives too.
 Reduction in manpower.
 The proposed system will effectively give out more stable outputs in contrast to
the previously existing systems because a wide variety of parameters now have been taken
into consideration because of which a more reliable and effective output can be expected.
 With enabling data analytics and IOT it becomes extremely easy to connect the
technical world with the physical world and therefore the system becomes easier to use
and easier to repair therefore the proposed system talks about how lay man usage can be
increased of technology.

Disadvantages

 The currently existing systems are expensive because of the industry trying to
monetize the IOT aspect.
 RFID sensors attached to collars making it extremely economical.
 The existing system is purely tech enabled causing it difficult for the non-
technical people to handle it or even solve some minor issues.

Dept. of CSE 11 GSSSIETW, Mysuru

 Poultry Monitoring And Health Status Identification

CONCLUSION

The proposed framework can be used to monitor and identify the sick hens as soon as they
get affected. Combining the Image analysis for motion pattern and thermal sensor analysis
for temperature pattern of the sick and normal hens for the better prediction and
classification. We can extend the image analysis for movement and behavior analysis also.
Integration of the sensor results and produces the hybrid and accurate results is our current
ongoing research. A complete circuit diagrams, the design details and the Mat lab analysis
with the result will be presented in our future research papers.

FUTURE SCOPE

It’s very important to maintain the proper environment for the chickens. The health of the
chicken at an early age is something to be taken care of as there is chance of chicks
competing with each other for survival. Air inflow to the poultry farm also is important so
while constructing the farm itself proper care should be taken. Studies have shown that,
the effective growth of the chickens depends on the amount of ammonia present in the
surroundings. Hence this also provides a scope for future study.

Dept. of CSE 12 GSSSIETW, Mysuru

 Poultry Monitoring And Health Status Identification

REFERENCES

[1] J. P. Jacob, G.D. Butcher, F. B. Mather, and R.D. Miles, "Common Poultry
Diseases", Animal Sciences Department, UF/IFAS Extension.
[2] April 2014. Web http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu
[3] Z. Du, M. K. Jeong and S. G. Kong, "Band Selection of Hyperspectral Images for
Automatic Detection of Poultry Skin Tumors", In the journal of IEEE Transactions
on Automation Science and Engineering, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 332-339, July 2007. doi:
10.1109/TASE.2006.888048
[4] Toshiyuki Fujii, Hiroshi Yokoi, Tatsuya Tada, Kotaro Suzuki and Kenji
Tsukamoto, "Poultry tracking system with camera using particle filters," In the
IEEE Proceedings of the International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics,
Bangkok, 2009, pp. 1888-1893.doi: 10.1109/ROBIO.2009.4913289
[5] W. Chansud, J. Wisanmongkol and U. Ketprom, "RFID for poultry traceability
system at animal checkpoint," In 2008 5th International Conference on Electrical
Engineering / Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information
Technology, Krabi, pp. 753- 756, 2008. doi: 10.1109/ECTICON.2008.4600540.
[6] S. Laokok and U. Ketprom, "Web services with poultry traceability system,", In
2008 5th International Conference on Electrical Engineering/Electronics,
Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology, Krabi, 2008, pp.
197-200.doi: 10.1109/ECTICON.2008.4600406.

Dept. of CSE 13 GSSSIETW, Mysuru