PRESENTATION

Assalam-u-Alikum Everyone! my name is AFAQ MALIK and my group member is AWAIS ULLAH KHAN.
Today I am going to present you a presentation on one of the social issues of Pakistan which is pollution.

POLLUTION:
Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into an environment that causes instability, disorder, harm
or discomfort to the ecosystem.

Forms of pollution:
• Air pollution

“The presence in or introduction into the air of a substance which has harmful or
poisonous effects”

• Water pollution

“Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies, usually as a result of human

activities.”

• Land pollution

“Land pollution is the deterioration (destruction) of the earth's land surfaces.”

• Noise pollution

“harmful or annoying levels of noise.”

• Light pollution

“Brightening of the night sky caused by street lights and other man-made sources, which
has a disruptive effect on natural cycles and inhibits the observation of stars and
planets.”

• Thermal pollution

“Thermal pollution is the harmful release of heated liquid into a body

of water or heat released into the air as a waste product of a business.”

Air pollution

Air pollution is the accumulation of hazardous substances into the atmosphere that danger human life
and other living matter

Causes of air pollution:

• Tobacco smoke

• Automobile emissions
 • Combustion of coal

• Acid rain

• Nosie pollution from car and construction

• Power plants

SMOG:

“ Smog is a kind of air pollution, originally named for the mixture of smoke and fog in the air.”

WATER POLLUTION:

“Water pollution is the introduction of chemical biological and physical matter into large bodies of water
that degrade the quality of life that lives in it and consumes it.”

Causes of water pollution:

• Some of the main contributors to water pollution are:

• Factories refineries

• Waste treatment facilities

• Mining

• Pesticides, herbicides and fertilizers

• Human sewage

• Oil spills

• Oil and antifreeze leaking from cars

LAND POLLUTION:
Land pollution is a pollution of the earth’s natural land surface by industrial, commercial, domestic and
agricultural activities

• Causes of land pollution:

Some of the main contributors to land pollution are:

• Chemical and nuclear plants

• Industrial factories

• Oil refineries

• Human sewage

POLLUTANTS: A pollutant is a waste material that pollutes air, water or soil. Two factors determine the
severity of a pollutants : its chemical nature, the concentration and the persistence which may be:
  Industrial waste

 Naturally occurring when exceed natural level

Effects of pollution:

• Human health

• Environment

• Environment health information

Regulation and monitoring:

• To protect the environment from the adverse effect of pollution, many nations worldwide have
enacted legislation to regulate various types of pollution as well as to mitigate the adverse
effects of pollution

Pollution control services:

• Dust collection systems

• Scrubbers

• Sewage treatment

• Vapor recovery systems

Pollution in Pakistan:
• Air pollution levels in Pakistan’s high populated cities are among the highest in the world . And
the levels are on the rise . Raising health concerns

• The level of smoke particulate and dust, which cause respiratory disease, are twice the world’s
average and more than five times as high as that in industrialized and latin American
countries ,say the economic survey of Pakistan 2005-2006

• The World Bank report in 2013 stated that Pakistan's top environmental issues include air
pollution, inadequate supply of uncontaminated drinking water, noise pollution and the health
deterioration of urban and rural populations due to pollution. These environmental concerns
not only harm Pakistani citizens but also pose a serious threat to the country's economy.

Smog is a crisis in Pakistan:

• Air quality in Pakistan exceeds safe limits in all major cities, with Lahore 9x worse than national
guidelines (PAQI data).

• 135,000 deaths per year are attributed to ambient air pollution, making it the leading cause of
sickness and death in Pakistan, as well as reduced life expectancy by 60 months. Smog is a public
health emergency.