Format 1

- You have been asked to write a summary note to inform civil engineering students at
your local university undertaking a piece of coursework

Scenario 1
- The pandemic has highlighted the value of the environments, built and natural, where we
live and work. It is therefore important that the design and construction of any new asset
should also provide a high-quality public realm (領域) that encourages economic growth
and delivers social benefits as well as supporting physical and mental well-being.

Problems:
the unprecedented impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on social and economic
outcomes across the world. It is clear that countries across the economic and development
spectrum were unprepared to cope with such a shock to their systems as even global
superpowers struggle to keep both their population’s health and their economies downturn

Problem:
social distancing policy/restriction order, future infectious disease outbreak, the risks of virus
transmission to employees and the public.

**Outbreak occurred in the construction site (expedite the construction time)

Solutions:
Digital transformation in construction
Innovation Techology->Medical Facilities: MIC (Modular Integrated Construction) construction
method
**Design for Manufacture and Assembly
To simplify the manufacturing of construction modules and enhance efficiency of assembly.
The construction components are manufactured with the most-effective materials and
processes at off-site facilities, to minimize operations on-site and assembling them at reduced
cost, which helps to enhance the quality of construction, minimize construction time and
enhance site safety. In order to apply DfMA successfully, the manufacturing process of the
components must be well understood and collaborative approaches must be adopted. The use
of BIM 3D model can visualize the assembly process of dfMA construction modules, which
enhances the design efficiency and accuracy of DfMA construction solutions

Improvement of the Profession preparedness and resilience

Delivering Pandemic-Resilient Infrastructure (highlighted the opportunities digital technology
affords for remote working.)
Pandemic resilient infrastructure incorporates preparedness and contingency planning for
different scenarios, including varying restrictions put in place by government authorities, and
operational considerations such as business viability. Our pandemic resilience work is backed
by a track record of digital innovation, our drive for excellence and connected thinking.
Boosting Economic growth (Job opportunity/stable income)
Improvements of livability/Economy Resuscitation (transportation enhance the accessibility
between districts), spatial balance (import/export of the goods)
Enhancement of social benefits
H&S environment, adjusting safety and health practices and procedures to protect workers and
users; designing circulation routes to avoid or minimise contact between people; promoting
touchless access to and through facilities; improving ventilation of enclosed spaces

Format 2

- Write a blog for people with a technical background but without specialist knowledge in
civil engineering
Civil Engineer in Society
Mon, 14/03/2022,
By Yip Wai Tung, Mike

Scenario 2

- In July 2021 record breaking rainfall events and storms in the UK, northern and central
Europe, China and India caused severe flooding leading to widespread damage,
infrastructure disruption and a number of fatalities. Research is attributing extreme
weather events to climate change. Civil engineers have an important role to play in
managing the resulting challenges as well as realising the opportunities that this offers.

Format 1
- You have been asked to write a summary note to inform civil engineering students at
your local university undertaking a piece of coursework

Scenario 1
- Increasingly design information is digitised. However, some construction sites still
demand traditional drawings and schedules, as they believe them to be clearer, and
more readily understood by supply chains. You have been challenged to explain why the
use of digital models has no such risk.

Format 2
- You have been asked to write a piece by a journalist about this scenario/situation for
inclusion (包括) in an industry supplement

Scenario 2
- Emerging technologies offer the opportunity for improvements to projects in terms of
carbon savings, reduction in maintenance liabilities, efficiencies in the construction
process, and mitigation of a range of H&S issues. However, unlike automated
manufacturing and heavy industry the construction industry doesn’t see high levels of
 investment in innovation and implements significant hurdles (fence) to getting
tomorrow’s innovations into today’s marketplace.

Format 2

Write to students in your local secondary school explaining the main issues involved

Scenario 2

Covid has proved that it is possible for a large percentage of people to work at home.
Historically the movement of people into areas of employment was facilitated based on morning
and evening peaks, and the peaks were partly driven by the daily commute (上下班往返). Towns
and Cities need to adapt to the new reality

In March 2020, companies across the every industry abruptly shuttered their offices and
instructed employees to work from home indefinitely as a result of the pandemic.
At first, many thought the shutdowns would last a couple months. But one year later, millions of
workers are still working remotely. The pandemic has forced a large segment of the global
workforce to go through a remote-work experiment on a scale never seen before -- and a lot has
changed in the last 12 months. The boundary between our work and our personal lives has
become blurred. Working at the kitchen table has become common and, for parents, juggling
virtual school while trying to hit work deadlines has become a daily challenge. The country’s
“Coexist of Virus” policy shall be implemented without affecting the productivity and efficiency
amongst the industries

Role of Infrastructure (Pandemic Resilient Infrastructure)

Remote-work from Home

(-) Loss in productivity due to distractions/ Loss of social interactions leading to depression/
Inability to efficiently solve complex problems with your colleague’s/ Upward mobility for
promotions becomes difficult
(+)Gained flexibility at home/lesser work commuting time/improved work-life-balance/healthier
choices and lifestyle/environmental friendly
For example, instead of buying a bag of chips from the vending machine for an afternoon snack,
you could eat the fruits or vegetables in your fridge. In addition to a healthier diet, working from
home allows you to take a break to exercise or stretch, activities that are less acceptable in a
traditional office setting
With the need for a daily commute eliminated, that means that you are using less gas and
therefore decreasing your carbon footprint. Additionally, the energy needed to run an office's air
conditioning and lighting is exponentially more than the energy it takes for your house.
Street space should be given over to walking and cycling in a post-Covid world
Hong Kong is one of the busiest and most compact vertical cities in the world. Yet it is also one
of the most walkable urban centres on the planet with networks of interlinked multi-level
walkways connecting transportation hubs, markets, shopping malls and residential areas
However, as the ageing population grows and new infrastructure projects and high-rises are
squeezed into the city’s already crowded spaces, people who use these walkways are under
increasing pressure to find clear, direct routes to their destinations. ‘One of the objectives of
Walking with Wheels is to create a map of all the pedestrian, all the walkable networks of Hong
Kong, and we started with Central 

In world cities, like London and New York, a re-balancing of the outdoors street space allocation
is taking a pedestrian-first approach. Such approach changed from a movement focus to a
placemaking focus – the street economic and social life supported by street design. In London,
it has recently been rebranded ‘Healthy Streets’. London has relatively low density compared to
Hong Kong’s. Yet the ‘City of London’ or ‘the Square Mile’, which is both its original historic
centre and CBD, has a density approaching Hong Kong’s. The City of London has a wide-
ranging policy initiatives and tools for outdoor public realm, walkability and street design. 
Manhattan which has density comparable to Hong Kong, but on a flat landform and a street
network that is not comparable to Hong Kong’s, has also implemented a wide range of active
mode-friendly policies and a few well-known iconic realisations of these policies. Other
initiatives, like the Barcelona’s “superquadra” have given rise to what has been called
experimental urban design. Yet none address both outdoors and indoors volumetric conditions.