I.

Reverse trial happens when the accused must first establish the elements of self-defense in
order to overturn the presumption that was guilty of the offense.

II. As Executive Judge of the Regional Trial Court of Manila which the application for search
warrant is lodged, I will personally examine the application for search warrant with
particularity as to address and to the scope of the search warrant.

III. When the accused is under preventive detention, his case shall be raffled and its records
transmitted to the judge to whom the case was raffled within three (3) days from the filing
of the information or complaint. The accused shall be arraigned within ten (10) days from
the date of the raffle. The pre-trial conference of his case shall be held within ten (10) days
after arraignment.

On the other hand, if the accused is not under preventive detention, the arraignment
shall be held within thirty (30) days from the date the court acquires jurisdiction over the
person of the accused. [Sec. 1 (g), Rule116] Since the accused has not been brought for
arraignment within the limit required in the aforementioned Rule, the Information may be
dismissed upon motion of the accused invoking his right to speedy trial (Sec. 9, Rule 119) or
to a speedy disposition of cases.

IV. Yes, the action of the private complainant is proper. In the absence or unavailability of an
inquest prosecutor, the complaint may be filed by the offended party or a peace office directly
with the proper court on the basis of the affidavit of the offended party or arresting officer or
person.

IV. The prosecution may question the acquittal without infringing the constitutional right of the
accused of double jeopardy. The law provides in order for a double jeopardy to attach the
acquittal must be with the express consent of the accused. In the case, there was no express
consent of the accused for his acquittal. the fists jeopardy did not validly attach prior to the
second. Thus, there is no double jeopardy.

VI. A peace officer or a private person make a valid warrantless arrest

a) When, in his presence, the person to be arrested has committed, actually committing, or
attempting to commit an offense;
b) When an offense has just been committed and he was the probable cause to believe based
on personal knowledge of facts or circumstances that the person to be arrested has
committed it;
c) When the person to be arrested is a prisoner who has just escaped from a penal
establishment or place where he is serving final judgment or is temporarily confined while
his case is pending, or has escaped while being transferred from one confinement to
another.
 VII. Yes. The Court correctly granted the motion. In cases of defamation, fraud and physical
injuries, a civil action for damages, entirely separate and distinct from the criminal action, may
be brought by the injured party. Such civil action shall proceed independently of the criminal
prosecution. In the instant case, the action involves physical injuries, thus, a separate civil action
may prosper independent of criminal action.

VIII. The requisites of a valid trial in absentia are: (1) accused's arraignment; (2) his due
notification of the trial; and (3) his unjustifiable failure to appear during trial.

IX. 1. Where the court expressly declares that the liability of the accused is not criminal but
only civil in nature; and

2. Where the civil liability is not derived from or based on the criminal act of which the
accused is acquitted

X. No. The arrest and the body-search were not legal Marcos act of running does not show any
reasonable ground to believe that a crime has been committed or is about to be committed for the
police officers to apprehend him and conduct body search. Hence, the arrest was illegal as it does not
fall under any of the circumstances for a valid warrantless arrest.