HUMANITIES 3 ​ART APPRECIATION 

 
 
Chapter 1  of the performing arts, like an actor or  3. ​Graphic Processes - ​processes for 
GENERAL OVERVIEW OF  musician  making multi-reproduction of graphic 
HUMANITIES  • He or she has a knack for interpreting  works 
  ideas into artistic form through the use  • All the processes involve the 
THE MEANING OF HUMANITIES  of words, pigments, stone, notes or any  preparation of a master image of the 
  of the other materials used by the artists  drawing or design on some durable 
• humanity/ies​ comes from the Latin    material such as wood, metal, or stone, 
word ​humanus​ meaning human  THE CREATIVE PROCESS OF  from which printing is done 
cultured, refined  AN ARTIST  • Processes may be classified by the 
• to be human is to have or show    nature of the surface from which the 
qualities like rationality, kindness, and  Idea → Material → Form  printing is done: raised (relief), 
tenderness    depressed (intaglio), flat (surface or 
• Humanities as a loosely defined group  The artist must have an idea, must have  plane) 
of cultural subject areas, or branches of  a material to work on, and must give   
learning concerned with human  form to his idea.  a. Relief printing​ - the process 
thought, feelings and relations    whereby unwanted portions of 
• Humanities can be studied through  1. ​Idea​ - a particular experience may  design are cut away on the 
the arts  impress an artist so much that he  master image. Printed image is 
  decides to use it as the basis for a  formed by the remaining 
THE IMPORTANCE OF ART  picture, a poem, a play or a dance  surface. Examples are 
    linoleum cuts, woodcuts, and 
• Art are many of the things we use in  2. ​Material & Process​ - the artist uses a  wood engravings 
our daily lives in which we derive  material to give form to his idea.   
pleasure  Materials have a profound effect of the  b. Intaglio printing - ​a method of 
• Art is one of the oldest means of  artist’s products  printing from a plat on which 
expression developed by man    incised line, which carry the 
- “Symbolic language marked  3. ​Organization & Form​ - the artist  ink, leave raised impression 
by beauty of design and  organizes the idea and gives form to it   
coherence of form”  with the material of his selection  i. Dry point​ - the artist 
(Machlis, 1963)    draws directly on a 
- Art is communication  THE SCOPE OF HUMANITIES (ARTS)  metal plate with a 
• Art re-enacts the joys and problems of    sharp needle and 
life and it sheds light to the issues that  Visual Arts  scratches lines, or 
surrounds us    grooves, into the 
- Art informs, educates, and  Visual arts are those that we perceive  metal. For each print, 
enlightens  with our own eyes.  ink is rubbed into the 
    grooves and the 
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ART  • Graphic Arts • Plastic Arts  unscratched surface 
    is wiped clean. In 
What do the arts have in common?  Graphic Arts - covers any visual artistic  printing, the ink in the 
  representation in which portrayals of  grooves is transferred 
• Art concerns itself with the  forms and symbols are recorded on a  to paper 
communication of certain ideas and  two-dimensional surface.   
feelings by means of a medium    ii. Etching - ​ the 
• It is man-made or produced by an  1. ​Painting​ - the process of applying  process of producing 
artist. The artist either creates or  pigment to a surface to secure effects  drawings or designs 
performs it  involving forms and colors  on metal plates 
• It must have an audience  • Painting mediums include oils,  covered with wax. 
- A song cannot be considered  watercolors, tempera, and others.   The needle 
complete until it has been  • Canvas, wood, paper, and plaster are  penetrates wax to 
sung and heard, or a ballet  some of the surfaces on which  the surface of the 
until it has been danced and  paintings are executed  plate. The plate is 
viewed    then dipped in acid, 
• Its primary function is to entertain, or  2. ​Drawing - ​the art of representing  which eats the lines 
to elicit a reaction that is primarily  something by lines made on a surface  into the metal. For 
emotional  or the process of portraying an object,  printing, etched 
  scene or forms of decorative or  (bitten) lines are filled 
THE ARTIST  symbolic meaning through the lines,  with ink which is 
  shading, and textures in one or more  transferred to the 
• An artist is a person who exhibits  colors.  paper 
exceptional skills in design, drawing,  • Mediums used include pencil, pen   
painting, and the like who works in one  and ink, crayon, brush, and charcoal  iii. Engraving - ​this is 
done on a metal 

 
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 HUMANITIES 3 ​ART APPRECIATION 
 
 
plate with a cutting  Plastic Arts - this includes all fields of  • examples are designs for automobiles 
tool called a barin,  the visual arts in which materials are  and household appliances 
which leaves a  organized into three-dimensional forms   
V-shaped trough.    8. ​Dress and Costume Design - ​this 
Drawings or designs  1. ​Architecture - ​the art of designing  covers the design of wearing apparel of 
on the plate are  and constructing buildings and other  all types ​– dresses, coats, suits, shoes, 
entirely composed of  types of structures  ties, and the like 
lines and/or dots  • Varied materials used include stone,   
  concrete, brick, wood, steel, glass, and  9. ​Theater Design - ​the design of 
c. Surface printing - ​includes all  plaster  settings for dramatic productions 
processes in which printing is  • often referred to as the “mother of the   
done from a flat (plane) surface  arts” because it houses, serves as the  Literature 
  background for, or occurs in relation to   
i. Lithography - ​the  other fields of art such as painting,  Literature is the art of combining spoken 
process of printing  sculpture, interior design, landscape  or written words and their meanings into 
from a flat stone or  architecture, and city planning  forms which have artistic and emotional 
metal plate by a    appeal 
method based on the  2. ​Landscape Architecture - ​is planning   
repulsion between  outdoor areas for human use and  1. ​Drama - ​is a story recreated by 
grease and water.  enjoyment, especially gardens, parks,  actors on a stage in front of an 
The design is put on  playgrounds, golf courses  audience 
a surface. The  • chief materials are plants, trees,   
surface is then  shrubs, flowers, vines, and ground  2. ​Essay - ​a non-fiction, expository 
treated so that the  cover  (descriptive or explanatory) writing 
ink adheres only to    ranging from informal, personal topics 
areas where drawing  3. ​City Planning - ​refers to planning and  to closely reasoned critical treatments of 
has been done; ink is  arranging the physical aspects of a  important subjects 
then transferred to  large or small community   
the paper in printing  • structures and areas concerned with  3. ​Prose Fiction - ​includes narratives 
  all phases of living and working are  (stories) created by the author, as 
ii. Silkscreen - ​Silk is  attractively and efficiently organized and  distinguished from true accounts 
stretched over a  related  • the word ‘fiction’ comes from a Latin 
rectangular frame    word which means “to form”, “to 
and unwanted  4. ​Interior Design - ​the term is used to  invent”, or “to feign” 
portions in the design  designate design and arrangement of  • fiction is generally divided into novel, 
are blocked out.  architectural interiors for convenience  novelette, and short-story forms 
Pigment is forced  and beauty  • a novel or a short story describes 
through the clear  • it includes backgrounds (walls, floors,  characters and events which the author 
areas. For multicolor  ceilings), furnishings, and accessories  has invented 
prints, a separate  • design of wallpapers, furniture, textiles   
screen is used for  for curtains and upholstery are  4. ​Poetry - ​is literature of a highly 
each color  important fields of interior design  expressive nature using special forms 
    and choice of words and emotional 
4. ​Commercial Art - ​this includes  5. ​Sculpture - ​refers to the design and  images 
designing of books, advertisements,  construction of three-dimensional forms  • narrative (storytelling) poetry includes 
signs, posters, and other displays to  representing natural objects or  epics, romances, and ballads 
promote sale or acceptance of product,  imaginary (sometimes abstract) shapes  • lyric forms include the sonnet, ode, 
service or idea  • common materials are stone, wood,  elegy, and song 
  clay and metal; but ivory, jade, wire,   
5. ​Mechanical Process - ​these are  string, and other materials are also used  5. ​Miscellaneous - ​history, biography, 
developed by commercial printers for  • sculptures of figures are called statues  letters, journals, diaries, and other 
rapid, large-quantity reproduction of    works not formally classed as literature 
words and pictures in one or more  6. ​Crafts - ​the term refers to the  often have definite literary appeal and 
colors  designing and making of objects by  status due to the high quality of writing 
  hand for use or for pleasure   
6. ​Photography - ​this is a  • it includes such fields as ceramics,  Music 
chemical-mechanical process by which  jewelry, leatherwork, and weaving   
images are produced on sensitized  • if these fields are mass-produced,  Music is the art of arranging sounds in 
surfaces by action of light.  they are classed as industrial design  rhythmic succession and generally in 
Reproductions may be in black or white    combination. Melody results from this 
or in full colors of the original  7. ​Industrial Design - ​refers to design of  sequence, and harmony from the 
  objects for machine production  combinations 
• is both creative and performing art 

 
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 HUMANITIES 3 ​ART APPRECIATION 
 
 
• common forms are song, march,  2. ​Melodrama - ​in this type of drama,   
fugue, sonata, suite, fantasy, concerto,  the emphasis is on action rather than on  Dance 
and symphony  character   
  • the action is sensational or romantic  Dance involves the movement of the 
1. ​Vocal Music - ​is composed primarily  and usually has a happy ending  body and the feet in rhythm. 
to be sung. The voice or voices are     
generally accompanied by one or more  3. ​Comedy - ​generally includes all plays  1. ​Ethnologic - ​this includes folk 
instruments  with happy endings  dancing associated with national and 
     cultural groups 
2. ​Instrumental Music - ​is written for  a. The Romantic Comedy - ​a   
instruments of four general types –  light, amusing tale of lovers in  2. ​Social or Ballroom Dances - ​these 
keyboard (piano, organ, etc.); stringed  some dilemma which is finally  are popular types of dancing generally 
(violin, cello, guitar, etc.); wind (flute,  solved happily  performed b pairs. They include such 
clarinet, etc.); brass winds (trumpet,    forms as waltz, foxtrot, rhumba, and 
saxophone, etc.); percussion (drums,  b. Farce - ​a light humorous play.  tango 
xylophone)  The emphasis in a farce is on   
  jokes, humorous physical  3. ​Ballet - ​this is the formalized type of 
3. ​Music combined with other arts  action, ludicrous situations,  dance which originated in the royal 
  and improbable characters  courts of the Middle Ages. Ballet 
a. Opera - ​is a drama set to    dances may be either solo or concerted 
music. It is mostly or entirely  c. Comedy of Manners -  dances with mimetic actions 
sung with orchestral  sometimes called “drawing  accompanied by music. These are 
accompaniment. It is  room comedy” is  generally built around a theme or story 
spectacularly staged with  sophisticated, sometimes   
accomplished singers,  satirical. The characters are  4. ​Modern - ​modern dances are 
elaborate scenery and  usually high-society types, and  sometimes called contemporary or 
costumes  situations have little to do with  interpretative dances. These dances 
  real life. The emphasis here is  represent rebellion against the classical 
b. Operetta and Musical Comedy  on witty dialogue  formalism of ballet: they emphasize 
- ​also a drama set to music    personal communication of moods and 
but is light, popular, romantic,  4. ​Miscellaneous  themes. In the past, movements were 
and often humorous or comic.    natural and untrained. Today, there are 
Operettas use spoken  a. Tragicomedy - ​a drama  varied styles of movements usually 
dialogue instead of recitative  blending tragic and comic  based on the current trend 
  elements but which ends   
c. Oratorio and Cantata - ​are  happily  5. ​Musical Comedy - ​refers to those 
sacred musical drama in    dances performed by soloists, groups 
concert form. These are made  b. Miracle and Mystery Plays -  choruses in theaters, night clubs, 
up of recited parts (recitative),  are dramatized stories from  motion pictures, an television. It 
arias, and choruses, with  the Bible and of the lives of  combines various forms of ballet, 
orchestral accompaniment. No  saints  modern, tap, and acrobatics 
action, sets, and costumes are     
used. Oratories are usually  c. Morality Plays - ​are those in   
based on Biblical themes  which characters represent   
  specific vices and virtues 
4. ​Other forms ​of arts are the ballet   
music and background music for  d. Closet Drama - ​a term used to 
motion pictures  designate plays written for 
  reading rather than for staging 
Drama and Theater   
  e. Piano Drama - ​is based on 
A drama, or play, is a story re-created  piano works which revolve 
by actors on a stage in front of an  around the musical pieces 
audience.  composed under the 
  inspiration of a literary work. 
1. ​Tragedy - ​one of literature’s greatest  This “piano drama” which is a 
dramatic art forms  recent innovation is combining 
• it is a drama of serious nature in which  the interpretation of music with 
the central character comes to some  the recitation of poetry and the 
sad or disastrous end  literary source of music 
• all tragedies portray suffering   
   
 

 
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