Answers

1. Mitosis
2.
a. Chromatid
b. Cell division
3. Meiosis
4.
a. Ovaries
b. Fallopian Tubes
5.
a. Testicles
b. Sperm ducts/Urethra
6. 720 different combinations.
7. When a cell divides, the two new daughter cells must contain the same genetic
information, or DNA, as the parent cell. If the DNA doesn’t duplicate, they will not
contain the same genetic information.
8. A gamete cell is haploid, meaning it has a single set of unpaired chromosomes.
9. Meiosis as it ensures that the puppy produced via sexual reproduction contain the
correct number of chromosomes. Mitosis is also important as it allows the puppy to
grow and develop from a single cell into a sexually mature individual.
10. They move and separate the chromosomes during nuclear division.
11. If the number of gametes remains the same, there will be an excess of chromosomes
in the organism.
12. The cell nucleus splits in half during every time a cell divides, then reforms into a
new nucleus which can further enable more cells to undergo cell division.
13. 32 chromosomes
14. 34 chromosomes
15.
16. The picture shown in figure 1.2.15 represents a pair of chromosomes (diploid cells)
paired together at the centromere. Each strand of chromosomes is known as a
chromatid.
17. A and E
18.
19. The number of complete chromosome sets present in each cell of an organism is
referred to as diploid: diploid cells have two complete sets. Haploid organisms, on
the other hand, have only one complete set of chromosomes.
20. A chromosome is made up of a DNA double helix that contains a gene sequence.
DNA coils and recoils around proteins known as histones. Chromatin is the name
given to the resulting complex. DNA replication occurs during cell division, more
specifically during the interphase. The resulting two identical copies of DNA are
linked at the centromere. Each copy is referred to as a chromatid.