FVM©B: WW M I, 2021 WL . U÷-29 WM Jevm: CVWK Ívb Avgj

Bb‡mckb I‡qe/A¨v‡ci cixÿv_©x‡ì Rb¨ # 1 # evsjv‡`k welqvewj # †U÷-29
fvm©b : wW‡m¤î, 2021 wLª.
‡U÷-29
wm‡jevm
fvlv Av‡›`vjb ‡_‡K 1970 mv‡ji wbe©vPb, Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb

1971; 7 gv‡P©i HwZnvwmK fvlY; ¯^vaxbZv †NvlYv; gywRebMi
miKv‡ii MVb I Kvh©vewj; gyw³hy‡×i iY‡K․kj; gyw³hy‡× e„nr
kw³e‡M©i f~wgKv; cvK evwnbxi AvZ¥mgc©Y Ges evsjv‡`‡ki Afy¨`q
cvwK¯Ívb Avgj
‡`kwefvM  1947 mv‡ji 14 B AvM÷ I 15 AvM÷ h_vµ‡g cvwK¯Ívb I fviZ bv‡g ¯^vaxb I mve©‡f․g ivó« MwVZ nq|
(1947)  1947 mv‡ji 17B AvM÷ i¨vWwK¬d mxgvbv wba©vi‡Yi KvR †kl K‡ib|
 fviZ-cvwK¯Ívb mxgvšÍ‡iLvi bvg Ôi¨vWwK¬d jvBbÕ †m Kvi‡YB Zvi bvgvbymv‡i nq|
QvÎjxM  1948 mv‡ji 4 Rvbyqvwi bCgywÏb Avng`‡K, gymwjg QvÎjx‡Mi Avn&evqK K‡i c~e© cvwK¯Ívb gymwjg
cÖwZôv QvÎjx‡Mi Rb¥ nq|
AvIqvgx gymwjg jxM
cÖwZwôZ nq 1949 mv‡ji 23 Ryb| c«wZôvKvjxb bvg wQj AvIqvgx gymwjg jxM| 1955 mv‡ji 21-24 A‡±vei ch©šÍ Pjv
AvIqvgx gymwjg jx‡Mi KvDwÝ‡j bvg cwieZ©b K‡i AvIqvgx jxM Kiv nq Ges Ab¨vb¨ ag©vj¤^x‡ì m`m¨ nIqvi Øvi Db¥y³
K‡i ‡`qv nq| AvIqvgx gymwjg jx‡Mi cÖwZôvKvjxb mg‡qi KwgwU-
mfvcwZ gvIjvbv Ave`yj nvwg` Lvb (fvmvbx) hyM¥ m¤úv`K ‡kL gywReyi ingvb
mn-mfvcwZ Avjx AvgRv` Lvb ইয়ায মভাহাম্মদ খান
e½eÜy AvIqvgx gymwjg jx‡Mi fvicÖvß mvaviY m¤úv`K nb— 1952 mv‡j, mvaviY m¤úv`K nb— 1953 mv‡ji 9 B RyjvB
Ges AvIqvgx jx‡Mi mfvcwZ nb— 1 jv gvP©,1966 mv‡j|
c~e©e½ Rwg`vwi `Lj I cÖRv¯^Z¡ AvBb
1950 mv‡ji wW‡m¤^‡i c~e©e½ Rwg`vwi `Lj I cÖRv¯^Z¡ AvBb (East Bengal State Acquisition & Tenancy Act)
G cwiYZ nq| Gi d‡j Rwg`vwi cÖ_v wejyß nq|
fvlv Av‡›`vjb
m¤ªvU AvKe‡ii †h ivR¯^gš¿x G †`‡ki miKvwi Kv‡R dviwm fvlv Pvjy K‡ib Zvi bvg— †UvWigj| miKvwi fvlv wn‡m‡e
G‡`‡k Bs‡iwRi eënvi ïiæ nq— 1835 mv‡j| Avi †m Kvi‡YB cvwK¯Ívb m„wói c~‡e©B cvwK¯Ív‡b fvlv Kx n‡e D`©y bv evsjv
G wb‡q weZ‡K©i m…wó n‡qwQj|
1901 mv‡j iscy‡i 1906 mv‡j wbwLj 1937 mv‡j gymwjg jx‡Mi mfvcwZ ‡gvnv¤§`
AbywôZ wk¶v m‡¤§j‡b fviZ gymwjg jxM Avjx wRbœvn D`©y‡K `‡ji `vßwiK fvlv wn‡m‡e
bIqve Avjx ‡P․ayix MwVZ n‡j Gi cÖ_g cÖeZ©‡bi D‡`¨vM M«nY Ki‡j G. ‡K dRjyj
cÖ_g evsjv fvlvi `vwe Awa‡ek‡bB fvlv nKmn Ab¨vb¨ ‡bZv‡ì we‡ivaxZvq Zv mdj
DÌvcb K‡ib| wb‡q cÖkœ D‡V| nqwb|
 1946 mv‡j evsjv‡K ivó«fvlv Kivi cÖ¯Íve ‡`b e½xq cÖv‡`wkK gymjxg jx‡Mi m¤úv`K Avey nvwmg|
 1947 mv‡ji 17‡g gymwjg jx‡Mi c«fvekvjx ‡bZv ‡P․ayix LvwjKy¾vgvb Ges GKB eQ‡ii RyjvB gv‡m AvjxMo
wek¦we`¨vj‡qi DcvPvh© W. wRqvDwÏb Avng` D`©y‡K ivó«fvlv Kivi c‡¶ e³e¨ ‡`b| W. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvnmn ‡ek wKQy
evOvwj ‡jLK eyw×Rxex Gi Zxeª cÖwZev` K‡ib|
 24 RyjvB, 1947 W. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn Ô‣`wbK AvRv`Õ cwÎKvq ÔcvwK¯Ív‡bi fvlv mgm¨vÕ wk‡ivbv‡g GKwU wbeÜ c«Kvk
K‡ib| GLv‡b wZwb evsjv‡K ivó«fvlv Kivi `vwe DÌvcb K‡ib| G mgq W. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn GK fvl‡Y e‡jwQ‡jb,
ÔAvgiv wn›`y ev gymjgvb †hgb mZ¨, Zvi †P‡q †ewk mZ¨ Avgiv ev½vwjÕ|
‡mRb¨ ejv nq †h, ev½vwj RvZxqZvev‡ì wfwË‡Z/GK bZzb RvZxq †PZbvq HKë× n‡q c~e© evsjvq fvlv
Av‡›`vjb nq|
ZgÏyb gRwjm
o MwVZ nq—1947 mv‡ji 2 ‡m‡Þ¤î| o GB msMVbwU evsjv‡K cvwK¯Ív‡bi Ab¨Zg

o GwU GKwU mvs¯‥…wZK msMVb| c ivó«fvlv `vex K‡i|
o Avn&evqK— XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wi o 15 ‡m‡Þ¤î, 1947 fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖ_g
c`v_©weÁv‡bi Aa¨vcK Aveyj Kv‡kg| wP cyw¯ÍKv ÒcvwK¯Ív‡bi ivó«fvlv evsjv bv D`©y?Ó
o Ab¨ `yBRb m`m¨—‣mq` bRiæj wZ c«Kvk K‡i| ‡jLK— 1. Aveyj Kv‡kg
Bmjvg Ges Aa¨vcK kvgQyj Avjg| (c«wZôvZv), 2. W. KvRx ‡gvZvnvi ‡nv‡mb,
3. Aveyj gbmyi Avng`|
ivóªfvlv msMÖvg cwil` 1947 mv‡j wW‡m¤î gv‡m (m~Î: 9g-10g evwe, c„ -2)
State Language ZgÏyb gRwj‡ki D‡`¨v‡M imvq‡bi Aa¨vcK byiæj nK
Movement Association f~uBqvi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ Ôivó«fvlv msMÖvg cwil`Õ MVb Kiv nq|
ax‡i›`ªbv_ `Ë
1948 mv‡ji 25 ‡k ‡deªæqvwi (23 ‡k ‡deªæqvwii cÖ_g Awa‡ekb AbywôZ nq)
cvwK¯Ív‡bi MYcwil‡` Bs‡iwR I D`©yi cvkvcvwk evsjv‡K MYcwil‡` e³…Zv cÖ`v‡bi
Ges miKvwi fvlv Kivi `vwe Rvbvb Kywgjøvi mvsm` ax‡i›`ªbv_ `Ë| ‡mB w`b
Awa‡ek‡b evsjvi c‡¶ ‡fvU c‡o 15wU Ges wec‡¶ ‡fvU c‡o 51wU|
wØZxqev‡ii g‡Zv ivóªfvlv msMÖvg cwil` I fvlv wèm
 ivóªfvlv msMÖvg cwil` (2q ev‡ii g‡Zv MwVZ) MwVZ nq— 2 gvP©, 1948| AvnŸvqK— kvgmyj Avjg|
 Kg©mw~ P : 11 gvP©- we‡¶vf Kg©m~wP, ag©NU, ¯§viK wjwc ‡ck| we‡¶v‡f e½eÜymn eû QvÎ ‡M«ßvi nq Ges GiB ‡c«w¶‡Z
11 B gvP© Ôevsjv fvlv `vwe wèmÕ wn‡m‡e cvj‡bi wm×všÍ MÖnY Kiv nq|
 1948-52 mvj ch©šÍ 11B gvP©‡K Ôfvlv wèmÕ wn‡m‡e cvjb Kiv nZ|
wRbœvnÕi †NvlYv I QvÎ‡ì cÖwZev`
1948 mv‡ji 21 gvP© XvKvi ‡im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b ‡gvnv¤§` Avjx wRbœvn ‡NvlYv K‡ib— ÔÔUrdu and only urdu shall be
the state language of PakistanÓ. GQvovI 24 ‡k gvP© XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi mgveZ©b Abyôv‡b GKB K_vi cybive…wË
Ki‡j QvÎiv Ôbv bvÕ e‡j cÖwZev` Rvbvq| 11 †m‡Þ¤î, 1948 ‡gvnv¤§` Avjx wRbœvn g„ZzëiY K‡ib| Gici Mfb©i ‡Rbv‡ij
wbhy³ nb LvRv bvwRgyÏxb|
c~e© evsjv fvlv KwgwU
1949 mv‡ji 9B gvP© c~e© evsjv miKvi evsjv fvlv ms¯‥v‡ii bv‡g 16 m`‡mï &GKwU Ôc~e© evsjv fvlv KwgwUÕ MVb
Kiv nq| mfvcwZ— gvIjvbv AvKivg Lvu| 1951 mv‡j wjqvKZ Avjx Lvb g„ZyëiY Ki‡j cvwK¯Ív‡bi cÖavbgš¿x
wbe©vwPZ nb— LvRv bvwRgyÏxb|
me©`jxq ivóªfvlv msMÖvg cwil`
1952 mv‡ji 26 Rvbyqvwi cvwK¯Ív‡bi ZrKvjxb c«avbgš¿x XvKvq GK Rbmfvq ‡NvlYv K‡ib, D`©yB n‡e cvwK¯Ív‡bi
ivó«fvlv| GB ‡NvlYvi ‡cÖwÿ‡Z MwVZ nq Òme©`jxq ‡K›`ªxq ivóªfvlv msMÖvg cwil` ev KwgwUÓ (All Parties State
Language Movement Committee) 31 ‡k Rvbyqvwi, 1952 mv‡j| me©`jxq ivóªfvlv msMÖvg cwil‡ì
KwgwU wQj 22 m`‡mï—
AvnŸvqK KvRx †Mvjvg gvneye m`m¨ kvgmyj nK m`m¨ Ave`yj gwZb
m`m¨ gvIjvbv fvmvbx m`m¨ Aveyj Kv‡kg
 11 I 13 ‡deªæqvwi, 1952 cZvKv wèm cvwjZ nq| 16 †deªæqvwi, 1952 Ôivó«fvlv evsjv I e›`xi gyw³iÕ `vwe‡Z ‡kL
gywReyi ingvb I gwnDwÏb Avn‡g` dwi`cyi ‡R‡j AvgiY Abkb ag©NU ïiæ K‡ib|
 20 ‡deªæqvwi, 1952 Av‡›`vj‡bi ZxeªZvq fq ‡c‡q c~e© evsjvi gyL¨gš¿x b~iæj Avwgb XvKv kn‡i mfv mgv‡ek wbwl× K‡i
GK gv‡mi Rb¨ 144 aviv Rvwi K‡i|
Z_¨m~Î: RvwZi RbK e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingvb, wmivR DÏxb Avn‡g` (c…ôv: 94)
GKz‡k †deªæqvwi, 1952 wLª÷vã
 21 ‡deªæqvwi, 1952 wLª÷vã wQj— 8 dvêyb, 1358 e½vã, e„n¯úwZevi|
 mKvj 10Uvq XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi AvgZjvq fvlv ‣mwbK MvRxDj n‡Ki mfvcwZ‡Z¡ mfvi Kvh©µg ïiæ n‡qwQj| Avãym
mvgv‡ì ga¨¯’Zvq 10 R‡bi GKwU K‡i `j ‡ewi‡q 144 aviv f½ Kivi wm×všÍ ‡bqv n‡qwQj| c«_g `‡ji ‡bZ…Z¡ ‡`b
XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi BwZnv‡mi ‡gavex QvÎ nvweeyi ingvb| cywj‡ki mv‡_ QvÎ-wk¶v_©x‡ì msN‡l©i GK ch©v‡q cywjk
wgwQ‡j ¸wj Pvjv‡j ¸wj‡Z NUbv¯’‡jB knx` nq K) iwdK DwÏb Avng`, L) Ave`yj ReŸvi, M) Aveyj eiKZ Ges N)
Avãym mvjvg mn AviI A‡b‡K|
 21 Gi 1g knx` iwd‡Ki gv_vi Lywj D‡o hvIqvi exfrm Qwe ‡Zv‡jb d‡UvMÖvdvi Avgvbyj nK|
22 †deªæqvwi, 1952 wLª÷vã

cywjwk nZ¨vKv‡Ði cÖwZev‡` ‡kvfvhvÎv PjvKv‡j cywj‡ki ¸wj‡Z knx` nb kwdDi ingvb (nvB‡Kv‡U©i Kg©Pvix)| 22 ‡deªæqvwi
AviI knx` nb— Awn`yjøvn (XvKvi jyrdi ingvb ‡j‡bi evwm›`v) Ges Ave`yj AvDqvj (wi·vPvjK)|
cvwK¯Ív‡bi cÖavbgš¿x— LvRv bvwRgDwÏb| (41Zg wewmGm)
fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi Mfb©i †Rbv‡ij— gvwjK †Mvjvg †gvnv¤§`|
mgq c~e© evsjvi g~L¨gš¿x— byiæj Avgxb|
XvKv wek^we`¨vj‡qi DcvPvh©— W. •mq` †gvqv‡¾g †nv‡mBb|
Ͽ 52Ôi fvlv knx‡ì mevi Kei AvwRgcyi Kei¯’v‡b|
knx` wgbvi
 GKy‡ki iv‡ZB cÖ_g knx` wgbvi wbg©vY Kiv nq— ivRkvnx K‡jR PZ¡‡i|
 XvKvq wbwg©Z cÖ_g knx` wgbvi : 23 ‡deªæqvwi XvKv ‡gwW‡Kj K‡j‡Ri ‡nv‡÷‡ji mvg‡b ‡h ¯’v‡b cywjk ¸wj el©Y
K‡iwQj ‡mB ¯’v‡b XvKv ‡gwW‡Kj K‡j‡Ri QvÎiv knx` wgbvi wbg©vY K‡iwQj| knx` wgbviwU wQj 10 dyU DuPy Avi 6 dyU
PIov| knx` wgbviwUi wWRvBbvi wQj Wv. eìæj Avjg|
 knx` wgbviwU D‡Øvab K‡ib— knx` kwdD‡ii wcZv ‡g․jfx gvneyeyi ingvb (24 ‡deªæqvwi)|
 cywjk knx` wgbviwU ‡f‡½ ‡djvi ci wØZxqevi GwU D‡Øvab K‡ib— AvRv` cwÎKvi m¤úv`K Aveyj Kvjvg kvgmyÏxb|
 evsjv‡K cvwK¯Ív‡bi ivó«fvlv wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…wZ ‡`qvi c‡i 1957 mv‡j miKvwifv‡e ‡K›`ªxq knx` wgbv‡ii KvR ïiæ nq|
 XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi DcvPvh© Aa¨vcK W. gvngy` ‡nv‡m‡bi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ MwVZ KwgwUi ZË¡veav‡b 1963 mv‡j knx` wgbv‡ii
wbg©vY KvR ‡kl nq Ges 1963 mv‡ji 21 ‡deªæqvwi knx` eiK‡Zi gv D³ wgbviwU D‡Øvab K‡ib|
c‡njv ‡deªæqvwi, 2010 mv‡j gvbbxq cÖavbgš¿x ‡kL nvwmbv evsjv
eZ©gvb knx` wgbv‡ii GKv‡Wwgi ea©gvb nvD‡Ri 2q Zjvq fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi Rv`yNi D‡Øvab
wWRvBbvi nvwg`yi ingvb K‡ib|
ivóªfvlv I AvšÍR©vwZK gvZ…fvlv wèm wnmv‡e ¯^xK…wZ

9‡g, 1954 evsjv‡K Ab¨Zg ivóªfvlv wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…wZ ‡`q cvwK¯Ívb MYcwil`|
16 †deªæqvwi, 1956 D`©yi cvkvcvwk ivóªfvlv wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…wZ †`q RvZxq cwil`|
29 †deªæqvwi, 1956 msweav‡bi 214(1) bs Aby‡”Q‡` cwieZ©b Avbv nq| evsjv fvlv‡K ivóªfvlv wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…wZi
Aby‡”Q‡` ejv nq- ÔThe State Language of Pakistan shall be Urdu and Bengali’.
12 gvP©, 1975 e½eÜz miKvwi Kv‡R evsjv fvlv eënv‡ii wb‡`©k Rvwi K‡ib| 1987 mv‡j RvZxq msm‡`
evsjv fvlv AvBb cvm nq|
1999 mv‡ji 17B b‡f¤î 188 ‡`‡ki mg_©‡b BD‡b‡¯‥vi 30Zg D‡`¨v³v KvbvWv cÖevmx iwdKyj Bmjvg I
mvaviY Awa‡ek‡b 21 ‡k ‡deªæqvwi ÔAvšÍR©vwZK gvZ…fvlv wèmÕ Ave`ym mvjvg|
wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…wZ jvf K‡i| 21 ‡k †deªæqvwi ÔAvšÍRv©wZK gvZ…fvlv msMVb The Mother Language
wèmÕ wn‡m‡e cvwjZ n‡”Q 2000 mvj ‡_‡K| RvwZmsN 2008 mvj Lovers of the World.
†_‡K gvZ…fvlv wèm cvjb Kiv Avi¤¢ K‡i|
cÖfvZ †dwii Mvb

fyje bv fyje bv/GKy‡k ‡deªæqvwi fyje o wj‡L‡Qb— MvRxDj nK|
bv o myi K‡i‡Qb— myiKvi I b…Z¨ cwiPvjK wbRvgyj nK|
Ôfvlvi Rb¨ Rxeb nvivBwj/ev½vwj fvB‡i igbvi gvwU i‡³ fvmvBwj|Õ i‡gk kxj wb‡Ri ‡jLvq ‡M‡q‡Qb
Iiv Avgvi gy‡Li fvlv KvBov wb‡Z Pvq o ‡M‡q‡Qb— Ave`yj jwZd|
wgwjZ cÖv‡Yi Kji‡e ‡h․eb dzj ‡dv‡U o wj‡L‡Qb— Kwe nvmvb nvwdRyi ingvb|
o myi K‡i‡Qb— ‡kL Ave`yi ingvb|
ÔAvgvi fvB‡qi i‡³ ivOv‡bv GKy‡k o wj‡L‡Qb— Ave`yj Mvddvi ‡P․ayix|
‡deªæqvwi, Avwg wK fywj‡Z cvwi|Õ o cÖ_g myiv‡ivc K‡ib— Avãyj jwZd|
o cieZ©x‡Z myiv‡ivc K‡ib— AvjZvd gvngy`|
Rwni ivqnvb Zvui ÔRxeb ‡_‡K ‡bqvÕ Qwe‡Z G MvbwU eënvi Kivi ci
GwU RbwcÖqZv e¨vcKZv jvf K‡i|
GKzk wb‡q iwPZ

cÖ_g KweZv Kvu`‡Z Avwmwb, dvuwmi `vwe wb‡q G‡mwQ| Kwe— gvneyeyj Avjg †P․ayix|
cÖ_g Mí GKz‡ki Mí| MíKvi— Rwni ivqnvb|
cÖ_g bvUK Kei| bvU¨Kvi— gybxi †P․ayix|
cÖ_g msKjb GKz‡k †deªæqvwi| msKjbKvix— nvmvb nvwdRyi ingvb
cÖ_g Dcb¨vm Av‡iK dvêyb| Jcb¨vwmK Rwni ivqnvb|
cÖ_g Mvb fyj‡ev bv fzj‡ev bv, GKz‡k †deªæqvwi fzj‡ev bv| MxwZKvi – Av. b. g. MvRxDj nK|
1954 mv‡ji wbe©vPb

hy³d«›U MwVZ nq— 4 wW‡m¤î, 1953 mv‡j| wbev©Pb AbywôZ nq— 1954 mv‡j| hy³d«‡›Ui wbe©vPbx cÖPviYv (wbe©vP‡bi
BkwZnvi) 21 `dvi wfwË‡Z cwiPvwjZ nq| 21 `dv cÖKvwkZ nq— 5 wW‡m¤î, 1953 mv‡j| cÖ_g `dv wQj— evsjv‡K
cvwK¯Ív‡bi ivóªfvlv wn‡m‡e cÖwZôv Kiv| hy³d«‡›Ui cÖZxK wQj— ‡b․Kv| 1954 mv‡ji 8B gv‡P©i wbe©vPb wQj c~e© evsjvq
cÖ_g Aeva I me©Rbxb †fvUvwaKv‡ii gva¨‡g mvaviY wbe©vPb| wbe©vP‡b †fvU ‡`q— kZKiv 37.19 fvM †fvUvi| miKvwifv‡e
wbe©vP‡bi dj cÖKvwkZ nq— 2iv GwcÖj| wbe©vP‡b †gvU Avmb wQj— 309 wU (gymwjg Avmb— 237wU Ges Agymwjg
Avmb— 72wU)
wbe©vP‡bi djvdj
gymwjg Avmb msL¨v 237wU hy³d«‡›Ui kwiK `j¸‡jvi cÖvß Avmb
ivR‣bwZK `j ev †Rv‡Ui bvg cÖvß Avmb cÖ`Ë †fv‡Ui nvi
hy³d«›U 223 54% c~e© cvwK¯Ívb AvIqvgx 143
gymwjg jxM 9 27% gymwjg jxM
‡Ljvd‡Z ieŸvbx 1 13% K…lK kÖwgK cvwU© 48
¯^Zš¿ m`m¨ 4 6% ‡bRv‡g Bmjvg 19
†gvU 237wU MYZš¿x `j 13
Agymwjg Avmb msL¨v 72wU ‡gvU 223
RvZxq Ks‡MÖm 24
Zdwmj †dWv‡ikb 27
hy³d«›U 13 wbe©vP‡b AskMÖnY K‡iwQj— 16wU `j
Ab¨vb¨ 8
‡gvU 72wU
hy³d«‡›Ui gwš¿mfv MVb
1954 mv‡ji 3 GwcÖj ‡k‡i evsjv G.‡K. dRjyj nK cÖ_‡g Pvi m`m¨ wewkó c~e© evsjv cÖv‡`wkK gwš¿mfv MVb
K‡ib| gwš¿mfv MVb wb‡q AvIqvgx jxM I hy³d«‡›Ui Ab¨vb¨ kixK `‡ji mv‡_ ‡k‡i evsjvi gZv‣bK¨ m… wó nq|
Ae‡k‡l hy³d«‡›Ui g~j `j AvIqvgx jx‡Mi 7 Rb Ges K…lK k«wgK cvwU©i AviI 3 Rb m`m¨ wb‡q 15 ‡g 14
m`m¨wewkó gwš¿mfv MVb Kiv nq| e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingvb hy³d«›U gwš¿mfvi K…wl, eb, mgevq I cjøxgš¿x wbhy³
nb| [Z_¨mÎ— ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki Afy¨`‡qi BwZnvm : W. Avey †gv. ‡`‡jvqvi †nv‡mb (c„ôv— 133)]
 hy³d«‡›Ui gwš¿mfv MwVZ nq— 3 GwcÖj 1954 mv‡j| gwš¿mfvi m`m¨ wQj— 4 Rb|
 gyL¨gš¿x—‡k‡i evsjv G. †K. dRjyj nK| GQvovI wZwb wQ‡jb— A_©, ivR¯^ I ¯îvóª gš¿Yvj‡qi gš¿x|
 hy³d«›U miKv‡ii gwš¿mfvi cZb nq— 30 ‡g, 1954 mv‡j| 1954 mv‡ji hy³d«‡›Ui gwš¿mfv gvÎ 56 w`b ¯’vqx wQj|
 ‡k‡i evsjv G.‡K dRjyj n‡Ki ‡bZ…Z¡vaxb gwš¿mfv evsjv‡K Ab¨Zg ivó«fvlv, 21 ‡deªæqvwi‡K Ôknx` wèmÕ I miKvwi
QywU ‡NvlYv Ges ea©gvb nvDR‡K Ôevsjv GKv‡WwgÕ Kivi cÖ¯Íve MÖnY I Aby‡gv`b K‡i|
1956 mv‡ji cvwK¯Ív‡bi kvmbZš¿
 cvwK¯Ív‡bi cÖ_g msweavb Kvh©Ki nq— 23 gvP©, 1956 mv‡j|
 cvwK¯Ívb nq— ÔcvwK¯Ívb Bmjvgx cÖRvZš¿Õ| c~e© evsjvi bvg nq— c~e© cvwK¯Ívb|
 cvwK¯Ív‡bi cÖ_g wbhy³ ‡cÖwm‡W›U nb— B¯‥v›`vi gxR©v| Mfb©‡ii cwie‡Z© ivó«cwZ kvwmZ eë¯’vi cÖeZ©b|
 GB msweav‡bi 214 bs Aby‡”Q` Abyhvqx 16 ‡deªæqvwi, 1956 RvZxq cwil` evsjv fvlv‡K cvwK¯Ív‡bi Ab¨Zg ivó«fvlv
wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vb K‡i|
 GB msweavb Pvjy wQj— gvÎ 2 eQi 8 gvm| B¯‥v›`vi gxR©v GB msweavb evwZj K‡i— 7 A‡±vei, 1958 mv‡j|
KvMgvix m‡¤§jb 7 †deªæqvwi, 1957 AvIqvgx jx‡Mi ZË¡veav‡b Uv½vBj ‡Rjvi m‡šÍv‡li (41Zg wewmGm) KvMgvix‡Z gvIjvbv
(1957) Avãyj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbxi mfvcwZ‡Z¡ ‡h m‡¤§jb AbywôZ nq Zv‡K ÔKvMgvix m‡¤§jbÕ e‡j| 1957 mv‡ji
25 RyjvB, gvIjvbv Avãyj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbx b¨vc MVb K‡ib|
mvgwiK kvmb c~e© evsjvi msm‡` mf¨‡ì msN‡l© ‡WcywU w¯úKvi kv‡n` Avjx ¸iæZi AvnZ nb| GiB ARynv‡Z B¯‥v›`vi gxR©v
Rvwi (1958) 7 B A‡±vei, 1958mv‡j mvgwiK AvBb Rvwi K‡ib| ‡cÖwm‡W›U B¯‥v›`vi gxR©v, cvwK¯Ív‡bi ‡mbvevwnbxi cÖavb
AvBqye Lvb‡K ÔcÖavb mvgwiK AvBb cÖkvmKÕ wn‡m‡e wbhy³ K‡ib| 27 ‡k A‡±vei, 1958 B¯‥v›`vi gxR©v‡K
¶gZvPÿZ K‡i ¶gZv `Lj K‡i,AvBqye Lvb Ges cÖavbgš¿xi c` wejyß K‡i wb‡RB ivó«cwZi `vwqZ¡ MÖnY
K‡ib| ‡cÖwm‡W›U AvBqye Lvb 23 gvP© 1960 mv‡j mvgwiK kvmb cÖZ¨vnvi K‡ib|
‡g․wjK MYZš¿  ‡c«wm‡W›U ‡Rbv‡ij AvBqye Lvb Ô‡g․wjK MYZš¿ Aa¨v‡`kÕ Rvwi K‡ib— 27 A‡±vei, 1959 mv‡j|
Aa¨v‡`k  Ô‡g․wjK MYZvwš¿K Aa¨v‡`kÕ-G 4 ¯Íiwewkó ¯’vbxq ¯^vqËkvmb M‡o ‡Zvjvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| ¯Íi¸‡jv
n‡jv— K. BDwbqb KvDwÝj, L. _vbv KvDwÝj, M. ‡Rjv KvDwÝj Ges N. wefvMxq KvDwÝj
 ‡g․wjK MYZš¿xi msL¨v wQj c~e© cvwK¯Ívb I cwðg cvwK¯Ív‡b 40 nvRvi K‡i ‡gvU 80 nvRvi|
kixd wkÿv 1962 mv‡ji wk¶v Av‡›`vj‡bi j¶¨ wQj wk¶v‡K mve©Rbxb AwaKvi Kiv| Kwgk‡bi c«avb W. Gm Gg kix‡di
Kwgkb bvgvbymv‡i G wi‡cv‡U©i bvg nq kixd Kwgkb| wi‡cvU©wU `vwLj Kiv n‡qwQj 26 ‡k AvM÷, 1959 mv‡j|
cvwK¯Ív‡bi 2q 1962 mv‡j AvBqye Lv‡bi Avg‡j 2q evi msweavb iPbv Kiv nq| msm`xq MYZ‡š¿i cwie‡Z© ivó«cwZ
kvmbZš¿ (1962) kvwmZ miKvi eë¯’v cÖYqb Kiv nq| ivRavbx KivwP ‡_‡K Bmjvgvev‡` ¯’vbvšÍi Kiv nq|
2q cvK fviZ 6 ‡m‡Þ¤î, 1965 Kvk¥xi‡K ‡K›`« K‡i fviZ-cvwK¯Ív‡bi g‡a¨ G hy× msNwUZ n‡q 23 ‡m‡Þ¤î ‡kl
hy× (1965) nq| G hy‡×i ¯’vwqZ¡Kvj wQj 17 w`b| 1966 mv‡ji 10 Rvbyqvwi DR‡ewK¯Ív‡bi ivRavbx ZvmL‡›`
‡mvwf‡qZ BDwbq‡bi ZrKvjxb c«avbgš¿x ‡KvwmwMwbi ga¨¯’Zvq ÔZvmL›` Pyw³Õ ¯^v¶‡ii ga¨ w`‡q cvK-
fviZ hy‡×i Aemvb nq| fvi‡Zi c‡¶ jvj evnv`yi kv¯¿x Ges cvwK¯Ív‡bi ‡cÖwm‡W›U AvBqye Lvb Pyw³‡Z
¯^v¶i K‡ib| Imgvbx‡K exi‡Z¡i Rb¨ Ôcvcv UvBMviÕ ejv nq|
1966 mv‡ji Qq `dv Av‡›`vjb

1966 mv‡ji—
5-6 ‡deªæqvwi jv‡nv‡i ‡P․ayix ‡gvnv¤§` Avjxi evmfe‡b AbywôZ we‡ivax `j¸‡jvi m‡¤§j‡b RvwZi wcZv e½eÜy ‡kL
gywReyi ingvb HwZnvwmK ÔQq `dv Kg©m~wPÕ ‡ck K‡ib|
11 ‡deªæqvwi jv‡nv‡i wegvbe›`‡i mvsevw`K‡ì cÖ‡kœi Rev‡e e½eÜy e‡jb, ÔQq `dv evOvwj RvwZi gyw³i mb`|Õ
21 †deªæqvwi e½eÜyi bv‡g ÔAvgv‡ì evuPvi `vwe Qq `dvÕ Kg©m~wP kxl©K GKwU cyw¯ÍKv cÖKvk Kiv nq|
13 gvP© AvIqvgx jx‡Mi IqvwK©s KwgwU‡Z ÔQq `dvÕ Aby‡gvw`Z nq|
15 gvP© ‡cÖwm‡W›U AvBqye Lvb 6 `dv cÖYqbKvix‡ì cvwK¯Ív‡bi kÎy wn‡m‡e AvL¨vwqZ K‡ib|
23 ‡k gvP© AvbyôvwbKfv‡e 6 `dv `vwe ‡NvlYv Kiv nq|
cÖwZ eQi 7B Ryb evsjv‡`‡k Ô6 `dv wèmÕ cvjb Kiv nq| KviY 1966 mv‡ji GB w`‡b AvIqvgx jx‡Mi WvKv niZv‡j
‡`‡ki wewfbœ ¯’v‡b gby wgqv, kwdK, kvgmyj nKmn 11 Rb evOvwj knx` nb|
HwZnvwmK Qq `dv‡K weªwUk kvmbZ‡š¿i `wjj Ôg¨vMbvKvU©v Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv nq| GwU‡K ev½vwj RvwZi gyw³i mb`
(Charter of Independence) ejv nq| GwU evOvwj RvZxqZvev‡ì weKv‡ki g~j|
Qq cÖ_g wØZxq Z…Zxq PZz_© cÂg lô
`dvmg~n kvmbZvwš¿K ‡K›`ªxq ¯^Zš¿ gy`ªv ivR¯^ I Ki ‣e‡`wkK AvÂwjK
KvVv‡gv miKv‡ii ÿgZv eë¯’v m¤úwK©Z evwYR¨ welqK †mbvevwnbx MVb
AvMiZjv gvgjv
ev½vwj RvZxqZvev` Av‡›`vj‡bi †cÖÿvc‡U ivR‣bwZK ‡bZ…e„‡›ì mn‡hvwMZvq ‡j. KgvÛvi ‡gvqv‡¾‡gi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ c~e©-evsjv‡K
wew”Qbœ K‡i ivó«xq ¶gZv `L‡ji c«‡Póvi Awf‡hv‡M e½eÜy‡K cÖavb Avmvgx K‡i ‡gvU 35 R‡bi weiæ‡× cvwK¯Ívb miKvi
KZ©„K ‡h gvgjv `v‡qi Kiv nq| cvwK¯Ívb miKvi cÖ_‡g †`k‡`ªvwnZvi gvgjv K‡i— 3 Rvbyqvwi, 1968 wLª÷v‡ã|
 cÖ_g `dvq 28 Rb e¨w³‡K †MÖdZvi Kiv nq| ZLbI †kL gywReyi ingvb G gvgjvq Awfhy³ wQ‡jb bv|
 cieZ©x‡Z e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingvb‡K cÖavb Avmvwg K‡i c~‡e©i 28 Rb mn ‡gvU 35 Rb‡K Awfhy³ K‡i Ôivó«
ebvg ‡kL gywReyi ingvb I Ab¨vb¨Õ bv‡g bZyb K‡i gvgjv `v‡qi Kiv nq— 18 B Rvbyqvwi, 1968 mv‡j|
 Awf‡hvM— c~e© evsjv‡K cvwK¯Ívb n‡Z gy³ K‡i fvi‡Zi mv‡_ mshyw³ †hvMmvRk|
 gvgjvi Z_¨ dvum K‡ib— cvwK¯Ívb B›Uvi B‡›Uwj‡R‡Ýi m`m¨ Avwgi †nv‡mb|
 UªvBey¨bvj MwVZ nq— 21 GwcÖj, 1968 mv‡j| UªvBey¨bv‡ji cÖavb wePvicwZ wQ‡jb Gm. G. ingvb|
 XvKvi Kzwg©‡Uvjv ‡mbvwbev‡m wePviKvh© ïiæ nq— 19 Ryb, 1968 mv‡j|
MY-Afz¨Ìvb (1968-69)
MYZvwš¿K msMÖvg cwil` (Democratic Action Committee-DAC)
1969 mv‡ji 8 B Rvbyqvwi AwaKvsk ivR‣bwZK `‡ji cÖwZwbwa XvKvq wgwjZ n‡q 8 `dv Kg©m~wPi wfwË‡Z MYZvwš¿K msMÖvg
cwil` (Democratic Action Committee) MVb K‡i| AvMiZjv lohš¿ gvgjvq e½eÜy‡K ‡M«dZvi Ki‡j evsjvi we¶yä
RbZv‡K msMwVZ Ki‡Z ‡`‡ki 8 wU ivR‣bwZK `j GKwÎZ n‡q 1969 mv‡ji 8 Rvbyqvwi DAC MVb K‡i|
QvÎmsMÖvg cwil` (Student Action Committee-SAC)
1969 mv‡ji Rvbyqvwi gv‡m AvBqye Lv‡bi ‣¯îZvwš¿K miKv‡ii weiæ‡× Av‡›`vj‡bi Rb¨ c~e© cvwK¯Ívb QvÎjxM, c~e© cvwK¯Ívb
QvÎ BDwbqb I RvZxq ‡dWv‡ik‡bi GKvsk wgwjZ n‡q 4 Rvbyqvwi, 1969 mv‡j SAC MwVZ nq| QvÎmsMÖvg cwil` ‣Zwi
K‡i— 11 `dv| Gi cÖwZ mg_©b Rvbvb AvIqvgx jx‡Mi ‡bZvivI| KviY, QvÎjx‡Mi ZrKvjxb ‡bZ…e…‡›ì weP¶YZvq H 11
`dvi g‡a¨ 6 `dv‡KI AšÍf©y³ Kiv nq|
20 Rvbyqvwi, MY-Afz¨Ìv‡b cywjkx wbh©vZ‡bi cÖwZev‡` DAC, SAC MVb K‡i ag©N‡Ui Avnevb Kiv nq| niZvj
1969 cvjbKv‡j cywj‡ki ¸wj‡Z knx` nb— XvKv wek^we`¨vj‡qi BwZnvm wefv‡Mi QvÎ‡bZv Avmv`y¾vgvb Avmv`|
Zuvi bvgvbymv‡i XvKv †M‡Ui bvg nq ÔAvmv` †MUÕ| 20 Rvbyqvwi knx` nIqvi w`b‡KB Ôknx` Avmv` wèmÕ
wn‡m‡e cvjb K‡i Avm‡Q| ÔAvmv` †MUÕ Gi c~e© bvg wQj— AvBqye Lvb †MU|
24 Rvbyqvwi, beKzgvi BÝwUwUDU Gi QvÎ gwZDi ingvb‡K nZ¨v Kiv nq| QvÎmsMÖvg cwil‡ì c¶ ‡_‡K 24 ‡k Rvbyqvwi
1969 niZvj AvnŸvb K‡i| GwU evsjvi BwZnv‡mi HwZnvwmK MYAfÿÌvb wèm|
15 †deªæqvwi, XvKv K¨v›Ub‡g‡›U mv‡R©›U Rûiæj nK gviv hvb| Zvi bvgvbymv‡i Xvwe‡Z GKwU nj wbg©vY Kiv nq| (Xvwei
1969 BKevj n‡ji eZ©gvb bvg mv‡R©›U Rûiæj nK)
18 †deªæqvwi, 1969 ivRkvnx wek^we`¨vj‡qi imvq‡bi Aa¨vcK W.kvgmy‡¾vnv‡K nZ¨v Kiv nq|
22 ‡k ‡deªqvwi 1969 nZ¨vi weiæ‡× MYAv‡›`vjb ïiæ n‡j AvBqye Lvb gvgjv cÖZ¨vnvi K‡i mKj‡K wbtkZ© gyw³ `vb K‡i|
23 †deªæqvwi, ‡im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b MYmsea©bvq QvÎ msM«vg cwil‡ì c¶ ‡_‡K QvÎ‡bZv ‡Zvdv‡qj Avn‡g` ‡kL gywReyi
1969 ingvb‡K Òe½eÜyÓ Dcvwa‡Z f~wlZ K‡ib|
25 ‡k gvP©, 1969 AvBqye Lvb c`Z¨vM K‡i|
5 wW‡m¤î, e½eÜz ‡kL gywReyi ingvb ‡nv‡mb knx` ‡mvnivIqv`©xi g…Zÿevwl©Kx Dcj‡¶ GK ‡`vqv Abyôv‡b c~e©
1969 cvwK¯Ív‡bi bvg iv‡Lb evsjv‡`k
1970 mv‡ji wbe©vPb

30 gvP©, 1970 Bqvwnqv Lvb AvBbMZ KvVv‡gv Av‡`k (Legal Framework Order) ‡NvlYv K‡ib|
7 wW‡m¤î, 1970 RvZxq cwil‡ì wbe©vPb|
17 wW‡m¤î, 1970 cÖv‡`wkK cwil‡ì wbe©vPb|
[[
17 Rvbyqvwi, 1971 N~wY©So I R‡jv”Q¡v‡mi Kvi‡Y evwZj nIqv Avm‡bi wbe©vPb AbywôZ nq|
RvZxq cwil‡ì wbe©vP‡bi djvdj
AÂ‡ji bvg Avmb djvdj c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b Ab¨ `ywU Avmb jvf K‡i h_vµ‡g
c~e© cvwK¯Ívb 169 AvIqvgx jxM cvq †gvU 167wU wcwWwcÕi byiæj Avgxb (gqgbwms‡ni bv›`vBj,
cwðg cvwK¯Ívb 144 Avmb (wbe©vwPZ 160wU + 7wU gqgbwmsn- 8) I cve©Z¨ PÆMÖv‡gi ivOvgvwU 162 bs
‡gvU 313 msiwÿZ) Avm‡b PvKgv ivRv wÎwè ivq (¯^Zš¿)|
cÖv‡`wkK cwil‡ì wbe©vP‡bi djvdj
Avmb 300
msiwÿZ 10 AvIqvgx jxM cvq 298wU (wbe©vwPZ 288wU + msiwÿZ 10wU)
‡gvU 310
1970 mv‡ji RvZxq wbe©vP‡bi we¯ÍvwiZ djvdj
ivR‣bwZK mvaviY Avmb msiwÿZgwnjv Avmb DcRvZxq ‡gvU
`‡ji bvg c~e© cvwK¯Ívb cwðg cvwK¯Ívb Avmb
AvIqvgx jxM 160 - 7 - 167
wccjm cvwU© - 83 5 - 88
Ab¨vb¨ 2 55 1 7 58
‡gvU 162 131 13 7 313
RvZxq cwil‡` AvIqvgx jxM cwðg cvwK¯Ív‡b Ges cvwK¯Ívb wccjm cvwU© c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b †Kvb Avmb cvqwb|
 AvIqvgx jxM 1970 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡b cÖwZØw›ØZv K‡i— Qq `dv I QvÎ‡ì 11 `dvi wfwË‡Z|
 ‡kL gywRei wbe©vwPZ MNA I MPA m`m¨‡ì kc_ evK¨ cvV Kivb— 3 Rvbyqvwi, 1971 wLª÷v‡ã|
 AvIqvgx jxM ‡gvU ‡fvU ‡c‡qwQj cÖ`Ë †fv‡Ui— c~e© cvwK¯Ívb RvZxq cwil‡` 75.101% Ges cÖv‡`wkK cwil‡`
70.48% ‡fvU cvq|
 1970 mv‡ji mvaviY wbe©vP‡bi mgq cÖavb wbe©vPb Kwgkbvi wQ‡jb— wePvicwZ Avãym mvËvi|
 cvwK¯Ív‡b cÖ_g 1 Rb e¨w³i 1 †fv‡U wbe©vPb c×wZ‡Z AbywôZ nq— 1970 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡b|
gyw³hy×
If Blood is the price of independence then Bangladesh has paid the highest price in history-
London Times (1971).
Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb
 e½eÜzi 1971 mv‡ji 7 gvP© fvl‡Yi mgqKv‡j c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b PjwQj— c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb|
 Bqvwnqv Lvb RvZxq cwil‡ì Awa‡ekb AvnŸvb K‡ib— 3iv gvP©, 1971 wLª÷vã (1970 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx jxM
RvZxq I cÖv‡`wkK cwil‡` wbi¼zk msL¨vMwiôZv AR©b Kivi ci)|
 Bqvwnqv Lvb Awa‡ekb Awbw`©óKv‡ji Rb¨ ¯’wMZ K‡ib— 01 gvP©| cÖwZev‡` niZvj cvwjZ nq— me©`jxq msMÖvg cwil`
I e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi AvnŸv‡b 2iv gvP© XvKvq Ges 3iv gvP© mviv †`‡k|
 e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vj‡bi WvK †`b| Ggb cwiw¯’wZ‡Z e½eÜz 7B gvP© †im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b wekvj GK
Rbmfvq HwZnvwmK fvlY †`b| G fvl‡Y wZwb ¯^vaxbZv AR©‡bi j‡ÿ¨ mKj evOvwj‡K mk¯¿ gyw³hy‡× AskMÖn‡Y AvnŸvb
Rvbvb| (Z_¨m~Î beg-`kg †kÖwYi evsjv‡`k I wek^cwiPq eB : wØZxq Aa¨vq- ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`k)
01 gvP©, 1971  Bqvwnqv Lvb Awa‡ekb Awbw`©óKv‡ji Rb¨ ¯’wMZ K‡ib|
02 gvP©, 1971  evsjv‡`‡ki gvbwPÎLwPZ cZvKv D‡Ëvjb K‡ib (XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi eUZjvq)— Av.m.g. Avãyi ie|
G Kvi‡Y 2 gvP© ÔRvZxq cZvKv wèmÕ wn‡m‡e cvjb Kiv nq|
 ‡mbvevwnbx ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v K‡i— gvwjev‡Mi Avey Ri wMdvix K‡j‡Ri QvÎ dviæK‡K (gyw³hy‡×i cª_g knx`)|
Zv‡K ivgcyi AvBj¨v‡Û `vdb Kiv nq| GKB w`‡b knx` nb— iscy‡ii k¼z mgR`vi|
03 gvP©, 1971  WvKmyi wfwc Av.m.g. Avãyi ie e½eÜz ‡kL gywRe‡K Dcvwa ‡`b— ÔRvwZi RbKÕ|
 BKevj n‡ji bvg nq— mv‡R©›U Rûiæj nK nj|
04 gvP©, 1971  cvwK¯Ívb ‡iwWIi bvg Kiv nq— Ôevsjv‡`k ‡eZviÕ Ges cvwK¯Ívb wUwfi bvg— evsjv‡`k wUwf|
06 gvP©, 1971  Bqvwnqv Lvb †eZvi fvl‡Y 25†k gvP© cybivq RvZxq cwil‡ì Awa‡ekb AvnŸvb K‡ib| evOvwji
Awemsevw`Z †bZv e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb †m †NvlYvq Av¯’v ivL‡Z cv‡iwb|
Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vj‡bi P~ovšÍ ch©vq

7 gv‡P©i fvlY e½eÜzi 7B gv‡P©i fvl‡Yi ciw`b †_‡K mviv ‡`‡k e¨vcK Av‡›`vjb ïiæ n‡q hvq| XvKvi †im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b
I c‡ii Ae¯’v (eZ©gvb †mvnivIqv`x D`¨v‡b) RvwZi wcZv e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb HwZnvwmK 7 gv‡P©i fvlY †`b| G
mgqI c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb PjwQj|
16 gvP© Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb Ae¨vnZ †i‡L Bqvwnqv-gywRe Av‡jvPbv ïiæ nq|
22 gvP© f~‡Æv XvKvq Av‡mb Ges Av‡jvPbvq Ask †bb|
23 gvP© cvwK¯Ív‡bi cÖRvZš¿ wè‡m cvwK¯Ív‡bi cZvKvi cwie‡Z© ¯^vaxb evsjvi cZvKv D‡Ëvjb Kiv nq| G w`bwU
AvIqvgx jxM cÖwZ‡iva wèm wn‡m‡e cvjb K‡i|
24 gvP© AvIqvgx jxM ‡bZ…e„›` msKU mgvav‡bi †kl †Póv K‡ib|
25 gvP© Av‡jvPbv Amgvß †i‡L Bqvwnqv Lvb †Mvc‡b XvKv Z¨vM K‡ib| Zvi Av‡M wZwb mvgwiK evwnbx‡K wbi¯¿
evOvwji Ici AvµgY Pvjv‡bvi wb‡`©k w`‡q hvb|
26 gvP© e½eÜz‡K 1:30 Uvq †MÖdZvi Kiv nq| 27 gvP© AvIqvgx jxM †`ke¨vcx niZvj AvnŸvb K‡i|
7B gv‡P©i HwZnvwmK fvlY

AwfgZ whwb e‡j‡Qb
e½eÜzi 7 gv‡P©i fvlY: †dvK‡jvi I gvbeZvi RqMvb Ave`yj Iqvnve
7 gvP© : evOvwji ¯îæ‡c D™¢v‡mi w`b gy¯Ívdv b~iæj Bmjvg
07B me©Kv‡ji †kÖô e³…Zv nvmbvZ Ave`yj nvB
gv‡P©i ‡mB Kwe, †mB KweZv AvwZDi ingvb
fvlY wbi¯¿ evOvwji mkš¿ RvwZ‡Z iƒcvšÍi nIqvi †cÖiYv ‡Zvdv‡qj Avn‡g`
m¤ú‡K© e½eÜzi 7 gv‡P©i fvlYwU wQj evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi g~jgš¿ Gg mvB`yi ingvb Lvb
wewkó ‡mB w`b, †mB fvl‡Y| mvZB gv‡P©i hy× †NvlYv G we Gg gymv
e¨w³e‡M©i Kv‡jvËxY© fvlYwU evOvwji RvwZi AbšÍ †cÖiYv Aveyj †gv‡gb
AwfgZ e½eÜzi 7 gv‡P©i fvlY : BwZnv‡mi GK gnvKve¨ ‡K we Gg gywdRyi ingvb Lvb
7 gvP©, Av‡iK Ôgby‡g›UÕ nviæY nvexe
‡mB AvZ©bv‡ì BwZnvm ‣mq` kvgmyj nK
7 gvP© : Awebvkx K_vgvjvi Rb¥w`b hZxb miKvi
ÔÔ‡Zvgvi mvg‡b RbMY, †cQ‡b ¸wj| †Zvgvi ü`q hv PvB‡e ZvB ej‡e| A‡b‡K A‡bK K_v ej‡Z e‡j‡Q| †Zvgvi K_vi
Ici mvg‡bi AMwYZ gvby‡li fvM¨ RwoZ, ZvB Zzwg wb‡R †hfv‡e hv ej‡Z PvI wb‡Ri †_‡K ej‡e| Zzwg hv ej‡e †mUvB
wVK n‡e| †`‡ki gvbyl †Zvgv‡K fvjev‡m, fimv K‡iÓ|
(7B gv‡P©i fvlY w`‡Z hvIqvi Av‡M e½eÜz‡K e‡jwQ‡jb e½gvZv †kL dwRjvZz‡bœmv)
cvuPwU fvl‡Yi Zzjbv
µwgK fvlY e¨wqZ mgq kã ‡kÖvZv-msL¨v (AvbygvwbK)
01. ‡MwUmevM© A¨v‡Wªm (1863) [Aveªvnvg wj¼b] 3 wgwbU 272 15,000-20,000
02. DB k¨vj dvBU Ab w` we‡Pm (1940) [PvwP©j] 12.16 wgwbU 3768 600 (KgÝmfv)
03. A¨v UªvB÷ DB_ †Ww÷wb (1947) [RInijvj †b‡niæ] 5.09 wgwbU 755 500 (msweavb cwil`)
04. AvB n¨vf G wWªg (1963) [gvwU©b jy_vi wKs] 17 wgwbU 1966 200,000
05. Gev‡ii msMÖvg, ¯^vaxbZvi msMÖvg (1971) [e½eÜz] gZ‡f` i‡q‡Q 1108 10,00,000
fvlY ïiæ nq 3:20 wgwb‡U| 7B gv‡P©i fvl‡Y ¯^vaxbZv I gyw³hy‡×i cÖ¯‘wZi Rb¨ c‡ivÿ †NvlYv w`‡qwQ‡jb|
fvl‡Yi Zzjbv 7B gv‡P©i fvlY‡K 1863 mv‡ji 19B b‡f¤î Av‡gwiKvi 16Zg ‡cÖwm‡W›U Aveªvnvg wj¼b ‡cbwmjfvwbqv
iv‡Rï ‡MwUmev‡M© ‡h weL¨vZ fvlY ‡`b Zvi mv‡_ Zyjbv Kiv nqÕ| 272wU k‡ãi mgš^‡q 3 wgwb‡Ui fvl‡Y
wZwb e‡jwQ‡jb- Ôthat government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not
perish for the earth, shall not perish form the earth.Õ
¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYv w`‡q ¯^vaxb nq 2wU †`k (hy³ivóª I evsjv‡`k)|
m¤úªwZ 7 gvP© †K RvZxq wèm †NvlYv Kivi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Q nvB‡KvU©|
07B 10 B gvP©, 2017 Bs Zvwi‡L K…wlwe` BÝwUwUDkb wgjbvqZ‡b ÔÔe½eÜyi 7B gv‡P©i fvlYt ivóª I mgvR KvVv‡gv
gv‡P©i cwieZ©‡bi w`K`k©bÓ kxl©K Av‡qvwRZ GK ‡mwgbv‡i cªavbgš¿x e‡jb, 7B gv‡P©i fvlYwU wQj 23 wgwb‡Ui|
fvlYwU Avgvi ‡m․fvM¨ n‡qwQj ‡mB mgq gv‡V Dcw¯’Z wQjvg| g‡Âi mvg‡b bq, wVK cv‡kB Dcw¯’Z wQjvg| Z‡e
KZ fvlYwU ‡iKW© Kiv n‡qwQj ‡mUv 18-19 wgwb‡Ui|
wgwb‡Ui BDwUDe- 14.03 wgwbU|
wQj? W. †gvRv‡¤§j n‡Ki D”P gva¨wgK †c․iYxwZ I mykvmb eB Abymv‡i 19 wgwbU|
e½eÜz 7B gv‡P©i fvl‡Yi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Dw³

 ÔfvB‡qiv Avgvi, AvR `ytL fvivµvšÍ gb wb‡q Avcbv‡ì mvg‡b nvwRi n‡qwQ| Avcbviv meB Rv‡bb Ges †ev‡Sb Avgiv
Rxeb w`‡q †Póv K‡iwQÕ|
 Ôevsjvi BwZnvm-‡`‡ki gvby‡li ey‡Ki i³ w`‡q ivRc_ iwÄZ Kivi BwZnvmÕ|
 Ô1952 m‡b i³ w`‡qwQ, 1954 m‡b wbe©vP‡b Rq jvf K‡iI Mw`‡Z em‡Z cvwi bvBÕ|
 ÔKx K‡i Avgvi gv‡qi †Kvj Lvwj Kiv n‡q‡Q, Kx K‡i gvbyl‡K nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q, Avcwb Avmyb, †`Lyb, wePvi Kiæb|
 ÔwZwb Avgvi K_v ivL‡jb bv| wZwb ivL‡jb fy‡Æv mv‡n‡ei K_vÕ|
 Ôhw` †KD b¨vh¨ K_v e‡j, Avgiv msL¨vq †ewk n‡jI, GKRb hwÌ nq, Zvi b¨vh¨ K_v †g‡b †beÔ|
 ÔAvcbviv Avmyb, emyb, Avgiv Avjvc K‡i kvmbZš¿ •Zqvi KwiÕ|
 ÔwZwb ej‡jb, cwðg cvwK¯Ív‡bi †g¤îiv hw` GLv‡b Av‡m Zvn‡j KmvBLvbv n‡e A¨v‡m¤^wjÕ|
 Ô‡`vl ‡Ìqv n‡jv evsjvi gvbyl‡K, †`vl †Ìqv n‡jv Avgv‡KÕ|
 ÔAvgiv evOvwjiv hLbB ÿgZvq hvevi †Póv K‡iwQ, ZLbB Zviv Avgv‡ì Dci Svuwc‡q c‡o‡QÕ|
 Ôi‡³iv `vM ïKvq bvBÕ|
 Ôknx‡ì i‡³i Dci cvov w`‡q Avi.wU.wm. †Z gywReyi ingvb †hvM`vb Ki‡Z cv‡i bvÕ|
 ÔRbM‡Yi cÖwZwbwa‡ì Kv‡Q ÿgZv n¯ÍvšÍi Ki‡Z n‡eÕ|
 ÔAvwg cÖavbgš¿xZ¡ PvB bv| Avgiv G‡`‡ki gvby‡li AwaKvi PvBÕ|
 ÔAvi hw` GKUv ¸wj P‡j, Avi hw` Avgvi †jvK‡K nZ¨v Kiv nqÕ|
 ÔAvi hw` GKUv ¸wj P‡j, Avi hw` Avgvi †jvK‡K nZ¨v Kiv nq, †Zvgv‡ì Kv‡Q Avgvi Aby‡iva iBj-cÖ‡Z¨K N‡i N‡i
`~M© M‡o †Zv‡jvÕ|
 ÔAvwg hw` ûKzg †èvi bvI cvwiÕ|
 Ô‡Zvgv‡ì hv wKQz Av‡Q ZvB wb‡q kÎæi †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z n‡eÕ|
25 Zvwi‡Li A¨v‡m¤^wji AvnŸvb Ki‡j Zvi †cÖwÿ‡Z 4wU `vex Zz‡j a‡ib-
cÖ_‡g mvgwiK AvBb (gvk©vj j) DB_‡Wªv Ki‡Z n‡e| ‡hfv‡e nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q Zvi Z`šÍ Ki‡Z n‡e|
mg¯Í mvgwiK evwnbxi †jvK‡ì e¨viv‡K †diZ wb‡Z n‡e| RbM‡Yi wbev©wPZ cÖwZwbwa‡ì nv‡Z ÿgZv n¯ÍvšÍi Ki‡Z n‡e|
7B gv‡P©i fvlY HwZnvwmK `wjj
 e½eÜyi 7B gv‡P©i fvlY‡K HwZnvwmK `wjj wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…wZ w`‡q‡Q— RvwZms‡Ni we‡klvwqZ cÖwZôvb ÔUNESCOÕ.
 UNESCO Zvi Memory of the world (MOW) Kg©m~wPi Aax‡b AvšÍR©vwZK ZvwjKvq (B›Uvib¨vkbvj ‡iwR÷ªvi)
e½eÜyi 7B gv‡P©i fvlYwU‡K g‡bvbqb †Ìqv n‡q‡Q—International Advisory Committee KZ…©K ‡gvU 78wU
`wj‡ji g‡a¨ 48 b¤^‡i|
 BD‡b‡¯‥v (UNESCO) ‡g‡gvwi Ad `¨v Iqvì© Pvjy K‡i— 1992 mv‡j|
We Shall fight on the Beaches
The speeches that inspired history
 eBwUi msKjK— Jack F. Field. G eB‡q fvlY Av‡Q— me©‡gvU 41wU|
 e½eÜyi fvlY ¯’vb †c‡q‡Q— eBwUi 201 c„ôvq Ô`¨v ÷ªvMj w`m UvBg BR `¨ ÷ªvMj di BwÛ‡c‡ÛÝÕ wk‡ivbv‡g|
25 gv‡P©i MYnZ¨v I ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYv
25 gvP© 1971 iv‡Z Acv‡ikb mvP©jvBU bv‡g N„Y¨, ee©i MYnZ¨v I aŸsmhÁ Pvjv‡bv nq| 25 gvP© ivZ mv‡o 11Uvq ïiæ nq
BwZnv‡mi N„Y¨Zg nZ¨vKvÐ| mvsevw`K A¨vš’wb gvmKv‡ibnvm GB NUbv‡K Ôwek kZ‡Ki RNY¨Zg cÖeÂbvÕ e‡j AvL¨vwqZ
K‡i‡Qb| H iv‡ZB e½eÜz ‡MÖdZv‡ii c~‡e©B ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv PÆMÖv‡gi Rûi Avn‡g` ‡P․ayix‡K wb‡¤œv³ evZ©v ‡cÖiY K‡ib|
―Pak army suddenly attacked EPR base at pilkhana, Rajarbag police line and killing citizens.
Street battles are going on in every streets of Dacca, Chittagong. I appeal to the nations of the
world for help. Our freedom fighters are gallantly fighting with the enemies to free the
motherland. I appeal and order you all in the name of Almighty Allah to fight to the last drop of
blood to liberate the motherland. Ask police, E.P.R, Bengal Regiment and Ansar to stand by you
and to fight. No compromise, victory is ours. Drive out the last enemy from the holy soil of
mohterland. Convey this message to Awamileague leaders, workers and other workers and lovers
of freedom. May Allah bless you. Joy Bangla.‖
 e½eÜy‡K ‡MÖdZvi K‡i cvwK¯Ívwb‡ì nv‡Z e›`x Kivi cÖwµqvi bvg wQj— ÒAcv‡ikb weM evW©Ó|
New York Times 25‡k gv‡P©i MYnZ¨v‡K Ô One of the Bloodiest Slaughters of Modern
25‡k
gv‡P©i Times’ wn‡m‡e D‡jøL K‡i|
MYnZ¨vi New York Times 1971 mv‡ji GwcÖj gv‡m ‘Bloodbath in Bengal’ wk‡ivbv‡g m¤úv`Kxq‡Z cÖKvk K‡i|
AvšÍR©vwZK The Sunday Times Genocide wk‡ivbv‡g GKwU wbeÜ cÖKvk K‡i|
¯^xK…wZ eøvW †UwjMÖvg gvwK©b hy³iv‡óªi Kbmvj †Rbv‡ij AvP©vi eøvW IqvwksU‡b ‘Selective GENOCIDE’
wk‡ivbv‡g GKwU †UwjMÖvg †cÖiY K‡i hv ÔeøvW †UwjMÖvgÕ bv‡g weL¨vZ|
 ‡MÖdZvi nIqvi c~e© gyn~‡Z© 26‡k gvP© cÖ_g cÖn‡i (25 gvP©, 1971 †ivR e„n¯úwZevi wèvMZ iv‡Z) e½eÜz †kL gywReyi
ingvb evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYv †`b Ges PÆMÖvg †cÖiY K‡ib— Iqvi‡jm‡hv‡M| e½eÜz cvwK¯Ívbx‡ì nv‡Z e›`x
nevi c~‡e©B G †NvlYvwU wU.GÛ.wU I B.wc.Avi (eZ©gvb we.wR.we)-Gi Iq¨vi‡j‡mi gva¨‡g PÆMÖvgmn ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ¯’vbmg~‡n
†c․u‡Q †`b| ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYvwU wQj— Bs‡iwR‡Z (hv‡Z wek¦evmx eyS‡Z cv‡i)|
 e½eÜzi evmfe‡b †eZvihš¿ (UªvÝwgUvi) ¯’vcb K‡ib— ey‡q‡Ui Aa¨vcK W. byiæj|
 ¯^vaxbZvi G †NvlYv evsjv‡`‡ki mKj ¯’v‡b Z`vbxšÍb BwcAvi Gi UªvÝwgUvi, †UwjMÖvg I †UwjwcÖ›Uv‡ii gva¨‡g cÖPvi Kiv
nq| (Z_¨m~Î beg-`kg †kÖwYi evsjv‡`‡ki BwZnvm I wek^mf¨Zv : Î‡qv`k Aa¨vq mË‡ii wbe©vPb I gyw³hy×)
 me©cÖ_g e½eÜzi ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYvwU cvV K‡ib— 26 gvP© cÖvq `ycyi 2Uv 30 wgwb‡U PÆMÖv‡gi AvIqvgx jxM
¯^vaxbZvi
†bZv Gg G nvbœvb|
†NvlYv
 26 gvP©, 1971 wLª÷v‡ã mÜ¨v 7:40 wgwb‡U e½eÜzi c‡ÿ ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYv †`b— Aveyj Kv‡kg m›`xc|
cvV I
cÖPvi  e½eÜzi ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYvwU wewewmi cÖfvZx Awa‡ek‡b cÖPvwiZ nq— 26 gvP©|
 e½eÜzi c‡ÿ ‡gRi wRqvDi ingvb ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv cvV K‡ib— 27 gvP© Aciv‡nè KjyiNvU †eZvi †K›`ª n‡Z|
 evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq wèm/¯^vaxbZv wèm— 26 gvP©| [26 gvP©‡K ¯^vaxbZv wèm †NvlYv Kiv nq 1980 wLª÷v‡ã]
 MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi lô Zdwmj Abyhvqx e½eÜz ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlK|
e½eÜz  26 †k gvP© e½eÜz †h ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYv w`‡q‡Qb Zv Av‡gwiKvi wW‡dÝ B‡›Uwj‡RÝ G‡RwÝi (American
¯^vaxbZvi Difence Intelligence Agence- DIA) wi‡cv‡U© wjwce× Av‡Q|
†NvlK  wRqvDi ingv‡bi c„ô‡cvlKZvq evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i `wjjcÎ m¤úv`bv K‡ib nvmvb nvwdRyi
ingvb| GB MÖ‡š’i 3q L‡Ði cª_g c„ôvq D‡jøL Av‡Q Ôe½eÜz ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYv †`bÕ|
 Ôe½eÜz ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlKÕ mywcÖg †KvU© GB ivq cÖ`vb K‡ib— 21 Ryb, 2011 wLª÷v‡ã|
msweav‡bi 150(2) Aby‡”Q‡ì lô Zdwmj

evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYv msweav‡bi lô Zdwm‡j 150(2) Aby‡”Q‡` AšÍf©y³ nq 15Zg ms‡kvabxi gva¨‡g|
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE
BY
THE FATHER OF THE NATION, BANGABANDHU SHEIKH MUJIBUR RAHMAN
SHORTLY
AFTER MIDNIGHT OF 25TH MARCH, i.e. EARLY HOURS OF 26TH MARCH, 1971
‘This may be my last message from today Bangladesh is independent. I call upon the people of
Bangladesh, wherever you might be and with whatever you have, to resist the army of occupation
to the last. Your fight must go on until the last soldier of the Pakistan occupation army is expelled
from the soil of Bangladesh and final victory is achieved.’
1971 mv‡ji 25 gvP© ga¨ ivZ ‡k‡l A_©vr 26 gvP© cª_g cªn‡i RvwZi wcZv e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingvb KZ©…K cª`Ë ¯^vaxbZvi
‡NvlYv (Ab~w`Z)|
ÔÔBnvB nqZ Avgvi ‡kl evZ©v, AvR nB‡Z evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb| Avwg evsjv‡`‡ki RbMY‡K AvnŸvb RvbvB‡ZwQ ‡h, ‡h ‡hLv‡b
AvQ, hvnvi hvnv wKQy Av‡Q, ZvB wb‡q iæ‡L `vuovI, me©kw³ w`‡q nvbv`vi evwnbx‡K cªwZ‡iva K‡iv| cvwK¯Ívwb `Lj`vi
evwnbxi ‡kl ‣mb¨wU‡K evsjvi gvwU n‡Z weZvwoZ bv Kiv ch©šÍ Ges P~ovšÍ weRq AR©b bv Kiv ch©šÍ jovB Pvwj‡q hvIÕÕ|
(m~Î- MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb: AvBb, wePvi I msm` welqK gš¿Yvjq, A‡±vei 2011 c„ôv- 153)
¯^vaxb evsjv †eZvi †K›`ª

 cvwK¯Ív‡bi ‣mb¨‡ì nv‡Z mKj ‡iwWI ‡÷kb P‡j hvq— 1971 mv‡ji 25‡k gvP© gaïv‡Z|
 PÆMªv‡gi KwZcq AvIqvgx jxM ‡bZv PÆMÖv‡gi ‡eZvi ‡K›`ª n‡Z hš¿cvwZ ¯’vbvšÍwiZ K‡i PÆMÖv‡gi KvjyiNvU ‡cªiY
‡K›`ªwU‡K ‡eZvi ‡K›`ª wn‡m‡e M‡o ‡Zv‡jb| Gi bvg ‡Ìqv nq— Ò¯^vaxb evsjv wecøex ‡eZvi ‡K›`ª Ó|
 1971 mv‡ji 28‡k gvP© wecøex kãwU ev` w`‡q bvgKiY Kiv nq— ÔÔ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`ªÕÕ|
 nvbv`vi evwnbxi ‡evgv el©‡Yi d‡j ‡eZvi ‡K›`ªwU wbie n‡q hvq— 1971 mv‡ji 30‡k gvP© |
 KjKvZvi evwjM‡Ä ‡eZvi ‡K›`ªwU 2q ch©v‡q m¤úªPvi ïiæ K‡i— 1971 mv‡ji 25‡g|
 ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvcÎ cÖPvi Kiv nq— ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`ª ‡_‡K|
 ¯^vaxb evsjv †eZvi †K‡›`ªi AZ¨šÍ RbwcÖq `ywU Abyôvb wQj— Rjøv‡ì ìevi I PigcÎ| ¯’vbxq XvKvBqv fvlvq ÔPigcÎÕ
cvV K‡ib— Gg Avi AvLZvi gyKyj| PigcÎwUi wmwiRwUi cwiKíbv K‡ib— RvZxq cwil` m`m¨ Ave`yj gvbœvb|
‡Rbv‡ij Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi AgvbweK PwiÎ I cvkweK AvPiY‡K ‡Kjøv d‡Zn Lvb Pwi‡Îi gva¨‡g wPwýZ Kiv nq—
Rjøv‡ì ìev‡i|
 ÔeRªKÉÕ— G ‡eZvi ‡K›`ª KZ©…K cªPvwiZ e½eÜyi fvl‡Yi Ask we‡kl| e½eÜzi fvlY G bv‡g cÖPvwiZ n‡Zv|
 1971 mv‡j i_x›`ªbv‡_i I Avgvi ‡`‡ki gvwU, ‡Zvgvi c‡i ‡VKvB gv_v| ‡Zvgv‡Z wek¦gqxi, ‡Zvgv‡Z wek¦gv‡qi AvuPj
cvZv- MvbwU ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZv‡i Lye evRv‡bv nZ|
 gyw³hy‡×i mgq AvIqvgx jx‡Mi gyLcvÎ wQj—mvßvwnK Ôevsjvi evYxÕ cwÎKv| Gi m¤úv`K dRjyj nK gwY|
¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYvcÎ I gywRebMi cÖkvmb
10 GwcÖj,  ‡NvwlZ nq— Ôevsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYvi Av‡`kÕ|
1971  gyw³hy× myôzfv‡e cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ MwVZ nq— evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g miKvi (gywRebMi miKvi)|
 evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g A¯’vqx miKvi MwVZ nq— ‡g‡nicy‡ii f‡eicvov MÖv‡gi •e`¨bv_Zjvi gywRebM‡ii
Av¤ªKvb‡b| gywRebMi bvgKiY K‡ib— ZvRDwÏb Avng`| miKv‡ii cªK…wZ wQj— ivóªcwZ kvwmZ|
 gywRebMi miKv‡ii Kvh©KvwiZv mvsweavwbKfv‡e ¯^xK…Z nq— Charter of Independence ‡gvZv‡eK|
 10 Gwcª‡j RvwiK…Z ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvcÎ cvV K‡ib— Aa¨vcK BDmyd Avjx|
17 GwcÖj,  gywRebMi wèm cvwjZ nq— 17 GwcÖj|
1971  Ôcªevmx miKviÕ (Government-in-Exile) kc_ MªnY K‡i|
 gywRebMi miKvi MV‡bi mgq— ‡g‡nicyi wQj cvwK¯Ívwb nvbv`vigy³ Ges gyw³‡hv×v‡ì `L‡j|
 cªevmx evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii K¨v¤ú wQj— fvi‡Zi KjKvZv¯’ 8bs w_‡qUvi ‡iv‡W| GLv‡bB gyw³hy‡×i mvgwiK cÖkvmb
Ôevsjv‡`k evwnbxÕ MwVZ n‡qwQj— 12 GwcÖj, 1971 wLª÷v‡ã| [41Zg wewmGm]
 ‡NvlYvc‡Îi eY©bv Abyhvqx gywRebMi miKvi Kvh©Ki nq— 1971 mv‡ji 26‡k gvP©|
 cª_g MvW© Ae Abvi ‡`b— ZrKvjxb PzqvWv½vi mve wWwfkbvj cywjk Awdmvi gvneyeyi ingvb (exi cÖZxK)|
 RvZxq m½xZ cwi‡ekb K‡ib— ‡gvt Avmv`yj nK, mvnveDÏxb Avn‡g` ‡m›Uz I wc›Uz wek¦vm|
 ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvc‡Î 4 R‡bi bvg Av‡Q| h_v— RvwZi wcZv ‡kL gywReyi ingvb, ‣mq` bRiæj Bmjvg. Aa¨vcK BDmyd
Avjx Ges AvBqye Lvb| ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvcÎ iPbv K‡ib— e¨vwi÷vi Gg Avwgi-Dj-Bmjvg|
 gywRebMi miKv‡ii ‣eaZv— evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi mßg Zdwmj Abyhvqx Ôevsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvcÎÕ|
 gywRebMi miKv‡ii A¯’vqx ivRavbxi bvg— gywRebMi (17 B Gwcªj- 16 B wW‡m¤î, 1971)|
 gywRebMi miKv‡ii cwimgvwß N‡U— 12B Rvbyqvwi, 1972| gywRebMi ¯§„wZ‡m․‡ai 23wU wÎfyRvK…wZi ‡`qvj Gi A_©
23 eQ‡ii eÂbvi BwZnvm| gywRebMi ¯§„wZ‡m․‡ai ¯’cwZ— ¯’cwZ Zvbwfi Kwei|
gywRebMi miKvi MVb Kiv n‡qwQj 5wU AvIqvgx jxM b¨vc (fvmvbx) b¨vc (†gvRvddi)
ivR‣bwZK msMV‡bi gva¨‡g| h_v— evsjv‡`k RvZxq Ks‡MÖm evsjv‡`k KwgDwb÷ cvwU©
 gywRebMi miKvi wQj msm`xq c×wZi| GK bR‡i gywRebMi miKv‡ii cÖkvmb—
`vwqZ¡ I c`gh©v`v e¨w³i bvg
ivóªcwZ (cvwK¯Ív‡bi KvivMv‡i AvUK) e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb (gyw³hy‡×i me©vwabvqK)
Dc-ivóªcwZ/ A¯’vqx ivóªcwZ ‣mq` bRiæj Bmjvg
cÖavbgš¿x Ges cÖwZiÿv, Z_¨ I †eZvi wkÿv, ¯’vbxq cÖkvmb, ¯^v¯’¨ I
ZvRDÏxb Avng`
mgvRKj¨vY, kÖg, A_©‣bwZK Dbœqb I cwiKíbv gš¿Yvjq
¯îvóª, ÎvY, cybe©vmb Ges K…wl gš¿Yvjq G GBP Gg Kvgiæ¾vgvb (38Zg wewmGm)
A_©, RvZxq ivR¯^, evwYR¨, wkí I cwienb gš¿Yvjq K¨v‡Þb Gg gbmyi Avjx
ciivóª, AvBb I msm` welqK gš¿Yvjq L›`Kvi †gvkZvK Avng`
cÖavb †mbvcwZ/ †mbvevwnbxi cÖavb (gš¿xi c`gh©v`v) K‡b©j gyn¤§` AvZvDj MwY Imgvbx
Dc‡`óv (Pxd Ae Avwg© ÷vd) ‡j. K‡b©j ie Gg Gb G
Dc-‡mbvcÖavb I wegvb evwnbx cÖavb MÖæc K¨v‡Þb G †K L›`Kvi (AvZ¥mgc©Y Abyôv‡b Dcw¯’wZ wQ‡jb)
gIjvbv Avãyj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbx mfvcwZ- b¨vkbvj AvIqvgx cvwU© (b¨vc fvmvbx)
gywRebMi miKv‡ii Kg‡iW gwb wmsn mfvcwZ- evsjv‡`k KwgDwb÷ cvwU©
me©`jxq Dc‡`óv Aa¨vcK †gvRvddi Avn‡g` mfvcwZ- b¨vkbvj AvIqvgx cvwU© (b¨vc- †gvRvddi)
cwil` kÖx g‡bviÄb ai mfvcwZ- evsjv‡`k RvZxq Ks‡Mm
ZvRDÏxb Avng` cÖavbgš¿x- evsjv‡`k miKvi
L›`Kvi †gvkZvK Avng` ciivóªgš¿x- evsjv‡`k miKvi
 gš¿x‡ì kc_ Abyôvb cwiPvjbv K‡ib— Aa¨vcK †gv. BDmyd Avjx I Avãyj gvbœvb|
 gywRebMi miKv‡ii gš¿Yvjq wQj— 12wU|
gywRebMi miKv‡ii mwPe I `ßi
c‡ì bvg e¨w³i bvg c‡ì bvg e¨w³i bvg
1. gyL¨ mwPe iæûj KzÏym 8. gwš¿cwil` mwPe GBPwU Bgvg
2. ms¯’vcb mwPe byiæj Kv‡ì Lvb 9. cÖwZiÿv mwPe Ave`ym mvgv`
3. ciivóª mwPe Pvlx gvneyeyj Avjg 10. A_© mwPe L›`Kvi Avmv`y¾vgvb
4. K…wl mwPe byiæÏxb Avng` 11. Z_¨ mwPe Av‡bvqviæj nK Lvb
5. ¯îvóªmwPe Avãyj Lv‡jK 12. ¯^v¯’¨ `ß‡ii cwiPvjK Wv³vi wU †nv‡mb
6. Pjw”PÎ wefv‡Mi cwiPvjK Avãyj ReŸvi Lvb 13. AvU©m I wWRvB‡bi cwiPvjK Kvgiæj nvmvb
7. cwiKíbv Kwgkb †Pqvig¨vb W. †gvRvd&di Avng` 14. Z_¨ I cÖPvi `ß‡ii cwiPvjK Gg Avi AvLZvi gyKzj
K~U‣bwZK wgkb
 cÖ_g K~U‣bwZK wgkb ¯’vwcZ nq— KjKvZv‡Z|
 gywRebMi miKv‡ii cªwZ 18B Gwcªj, 1971wLª. mv‡j cª_g AvbyMZ¨ cªKvk K‡ib— cvwK¯Ív‡bi ‡WcywU nvBKwgkbvi Gg
‡nv‡mb Avjx| wZwb KjKvZv ‡WcywU nvBKwgk‡bi ‡WcywU nvBKwgkbvi wQ‡jb| G wgk‡b Gg †nv‡mb Avjx— †Kvb
we‡`wk wgk‡b me©cÖ_g evsjv‡`wk cZvKv D‡Ëvjb K‡ib|
 gyw³hy×Kvjxb hy³ivóª wgk‡bi cÖavb wQ‡jb— Gg Avi wmwÏKx, hy³iv‡Rï— wePvicwZ Avey mvB` †P․ayix Ges
bqvw`wjøi— ûgvqyb iwk` †P․ayix|
gyw³hy‡×i iY‡K․kj
mvgwiK ‡Zwjqvcvov iY‡K․kj : 4 GwcÖj, 1971 wLª÷v‡ã mvgwiK evwnbxi evOvwj ‡mbv, Avbmvi, cywjk, ivB‡djÕm Gi
cÖkvmb m`mïv cvwK¯Ív‡bi weiæ‡× mw¤§wjZfv‡e Avµg‡Yi †h cwiKíbv K‡i Zv‡K †Zwjqvcvov iY‡K․kj e‡j|
wbqwgZ evwnbx : 10 RyjvB, 1971 ‡_‡K 17 B RyjvB 1971 ch©šÍ gyw³evwnbxi mì `ß‡i c«avbgš¿xi mfvcwZ‡Z¡ hy×
AÂ‡ji AwabvqK‡ì ‡h m‡¤§jb AbywôZ nq Zv‡Z evsjv‡`k‡K 11 wU ‡m±‡i fvM Kiv nq| cÖPwjZ g‡Z, 11
GwcÖj, 1971 cÖavbgš¿x ZvRDwÏ‡bi wb‡`©‡k Imgvbx evsjv‡`k‡K 11wU ‡m±‡i fvM K‡ib|
iscyi I wm‡j‡Ui cwðgvÂj

VvKziMvuI
wPÎ:
gyw³hy‡×i
11wU †m±i
 10B GwcÖj miKvi— 4wU mvgwiK †Rv‡b evsjv‡`k‡K fvM K‡i 4 Rb †m±i KgvÛvi wbhy³ K‡i| 11B GwcÖj Zv
cybM©wVZ K‡i— 11wU †m±‡i wef³ Kiv nq|
 gyw³hy‡× †b․c_ I mgy`ª GjvKv— 10bs †m±‡ii Aax‡b wQj| G †m±‡i wbqwgZ †Kvb †m±i KgvÛvi wQj bv|
 gyw³hy‡×i mve †m±i wQj— 64wU| 10wU †m±‡i †gvU †m±i cÖavb wQ‡jb—16 Rb|
‡m±i ‡m±i cÖav‡bi bvg mgqKvj mì `ßi ‡h †h GjvKv wb‡q M‡o I‡V
bs
1 ‡gRi wRqvDi ingvb GwcÖj-Ryb nwiYv, PÆMÖvg I cve©Z¨ PÆMÖvg †_‡K †dbx b`x ch©šÍ|
K¨v‡Þb iwdKzj Bmjvg Ryb-wW‡m¤î wÎcyiv
2 ‡gRi Lv‡j` †gvkviid GwcÖj-‡m‡Þ¤î ‡gjvNi, ‡bvqvLvjx, Kywgjøv ‡Rjvi AvLvDov-‣fie ‡ij jvBb
K¨v‡Þb G wU Gg nvq`vi ‡m‡Þ¤î-wW‡m¤î wÎcyiv ch©šÍ| XvKv I dwi`cyi ‡Rjvi Askwe‡kl|
3 ‡gRi †K Gg kwdDjøvn GwcÖj-‡m‡Þ¤î ‡nRvgviv, wm‡jU †Rjvi nweMÄ gnKzgv, wK‡kviMÄ
‡gRi G Gb Gg b~iæ¾vgvb ‡m‡Þ¤î-wW‡m¤î wÎcyiv gnKzgv, AvLvDov-‣fie †ijjvBb †_‡K DËi-
c~e© w`‡K Kzwgjøv I XvKv †Rjvi Askwe‡kl|
4 ‡gRi wm Avi `Ë GwcÖj-wW‡m¤î KwigMÄ I wm‡jU †Rjvi c~e©vÂj Ges †LvqvB-kv‡q¯ÍvMÄ
gvwQgcyi †ijjvBb ev‡` c~e© I DËi w`‡K wm‡jU-WvDwK
moK ch©šÍ|
5 ‡gRi gxi kIKZ Avjx GwcÖj-wW‡m¤î evukZjx, wm‡jU-WvDwK moK †_‡K wm‡jU †Rjvi mgMÖ
mybvgMÄ DËi I cwðgvÂj|
6 DBs KgvÛvi Lv‡`gyj evkvi eywogvix, mgMÖ iscyi †Rjv Ges w`bvRcyi †Rjvi
cvUMÖvg VvKziMvuI gnKzgv
7 ‡gRi KvRx b~i¾vgvb Zi½cyi w`bvRcyi †Rjvi cwÂgvÂj, e¸ov, ivRkvnx
‡gRi bvRgyj nK Ges cvebv †Rjv|
8 †gRi Avey Imgvb †P․ayix GwcÖj †_‡K AMv÷ ‡ebv‡cvj mgMÖ Kzwóqv I h‡kvi †Rjv, dwi`cy‡ii
‡gRi Gg G gÄyi RyjvB-wW‡m¤î AwaKvsk GjvKv Ges †`․jZcyi-mvZÿxiv
mo‡Ki DËivsk|
9 ‡gRi Gg. G. Rwjj UvwK, †`․jZcyi-mvZÿxiv moK †_‡K Lyjbvi `wÿYvÂj
evwkinvU Ges mgMÖ ewikvj I cUzqvLvjx †Rjv|
10 ‡b․ KgvÛviMY - ‡Kvb AvÂwjK mxgvbv †bB| 515 Rb
†b․evwnbxi Kgv‡Ûv Aaxb¯’| kÎæc‡ÿi †b․hvb
aŸs‡mi Rb¨ wewfbœ †m±‡i cvVv‡bv nZ|
11 ‡gRi Avey Zv‡ni AvM÷-b‡f¤î gv‡n›`ªMÄ, wK‡kviMÄ gnKzgvev‡` mgMÖ gqgbwmsn I Uv½vBj
‡¯‥vqvWªb wjWvi nvwg`yjøvn b‡f¤î-wW‡m¤î Avmvg ‡Rjv Ges bMievwo-AvwiPv †_‡K dzjQwo-
evnv`yivev` ch©šÍ hgybv b`x I Zxi AÂj|
‡m±i KgvÛvi‡ì cÖ_g R‡bi bvg g‡b ivLvi m~Î wRqv, Lv‡j`, kwdDjøvn `k UvKvq evb~ bM‡ii Imgv‡bi Rb¨ Rj wK‡b
†b․KgvÛvi Zv‡ni‡K w`j
weª‡MW †dvm©
1971 mv‡ji 21 RyjvB gwš¿mfvi (cÖavbgš¿x ZvRDwÏb Avng‡ì mfvcwZ‡Z¡ AbywôZ nq) wm×všÍ Abyhvqx Awabvq‡Ki bv‡gi
Av`¨vÿ‡ii wfwË‡Z RyjvB, †m‡Þ¤î, A‡±vei †_‡K wZbwU wbqwgZ weª‡MW †dvm© MVb Kiv nq|
‡dv‡m©i bvg cÖav‡bi bvg cÖwZôv ‡nW †KvqvU©vi
Z - Force ‡gRi wRqvDi ingvb 1 A‡±vei, 1971 dwUKQov
S – Force †gRi †K Gg kwdDjøvn 7 RyjvB, 1971 †Zj`n
K- Force ‡gRi Lv‡j` †gvkviid 7 A‡±vei, 1971 ‡gjvNi
AwbqwgZ evwnbx
we Gj Gd (gywRe evwnbx) Kv‡`wiqv evwnbx Avdmvi e¨v‡Uwjqb wRqv evwnbx ev‡Zb evwnbx
‡ngv‡qZ evwnbx AvKei evwnbx nvwjg evwnbx iwdK wgR©v ewnbx
gyw³‡d․R 1971 mv‡ji 4 GwcÖj K‡b©j Gg G wR Imgvbxi †bZ…‡Z¡ wm‡jU wefv‡Mi nweM‡Äi †Zwjqvcvovi Pv evMv‡b
gyw³‡d․R MwVZ nq|
gywRe gyw³hy‡× †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi bvgvbymv‡i 1971 mv‡ji 22 RyjvB fvi‡Zi †KvYve‡b MVb Kiv nq evsjv‡`‡ki
e¨vUvix cÖ_g †Mvj›`vR BDwbU gywRe e¨vUvwi| fviZxq †mbvevwnbxi QqwU Kvgvb wb‡q GB evwnbx MwVZ nq|
‡h․_ evwnbx 21 b‡f¤î, 1971 wLª÷v‡ã evsjv‡`k gyw³evwnbx I fvi‡Zi ‡mbvevwnbx wg‡j †h․_ evwnbx MVb Kiv nq|
wgÎevwnbx cÖavb wQ‡jb fvi‡Z †mbvevwnbx cÖavb k¨vg gv‡bK k Ges AwabvqK wQ‡jb fviZxq †mbvevwnbxi
c~e©vÂjxq KgvÛvi †gRi †Rbv‡ij RMwRr wms A‡iviv|
MYevwnbx gyw³hy‡× me‡P‡q †ewk Ae`vb wQj MYevwnbxi| hvi m`m¨ msL¨v wQj 80,000|
µ¨vK cøvUzb µ¨vK cøvUzb evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy× PjvKv‡j cvwK¯Ívwb ‡mbvevwnbx I Zv‡ì ‡`vmi‡ì weiæ‡× XvKv kn‡i
‡Mwijv AvµgY cwiPvjbvKvix GK`j ZiæY gyw³‡hv×v‡ì msMwVZ `j ‡h `jwU ÔwnU GÛ ivbÕ c×wZ‡Z
AmsL¨ AvµgY cwiPvjbv K‡i| µ¨vK cøvUzb MV‡b ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv iv‡L Lv‡j` ‡gvkviid|
wegvb/‡b․ evwnbx
wegvb evwnbx  wegvbevwnbxi wmwbqi Kg©KZ©v gyw³evwnbxi †WcywU wPd Ae ÷vd G.‡K. L›`Kvi cÖevmx miKv‡ii
wb‡`©kbvq Ôevsjv‡`k wegvb evwnbxÕ MVb K‡ib— 28 †mÞ¤î, 1971 wLª÷v‡ã|
 evsjv‡`k wegvb evwnbxi hvÎv ïiæ nq— 18 Rb cvBjU Ges 70 Rb •egvwbK wb‡q|
 fviZxq wegvb evwnbx cÖ`vb K‡i— GKwU AUvi, GKwU AjI‡qU ‡nwjKÞvi Ges GKwU wWwm-3 Wv‡KvUv wegvb|
‡b․ evwnbx  `ywU Mvb‡evU ÔcÙvÕ I ÔcjvkÕ mgš^‡q evsjv‡`k †b․evwnbx MwVZ nq— 12 A‡±vei, 1971 wLª÷v‡ã|
 Ôe½eÜzÕ †b․eni D‡Øvab Kiv nq— 9 b‡f¤î, 1971 wLª÷v‡ã| ‡b․ Kgv‡Ûv KZ©„K cvwK¯Ívwb †mbvevwnbxi
wbKU †_‡K 6wU †b․hvb `Lj K‡i G †b․eni D‡Øvab Kiv nq|
 ÔcjvkÕ-Gi Dc‡i cvwK¯Ívwb RvnvR †_‡K ‡Qvuov †evgv el©‡Y knx` bq— BwÄb AvwU©wdkvi gyw³‡hv×v
iæûj Avgxb|
gyw³evwnbx I wgÎevwnbxi †h․_ Awfhvb

21 b‡f¤î  evsjv‡`k I fviZ miKvi †h․_ evwnbx MVb K‡i| GRb¨ 21‡k b‡f¤î-G mk¯¿ evwnbx wèm cvjb Kiv nq|
01 wW‡m¤î  ‡emiKvwi ch©v‡q gyw³‡hv×v wèm|
03 wW‡m¤î  cvwK¯Ívb wegvb evwnbx fviZxq wegvbNvuwU‡Z AvµgY Ki‡j †mw`‡b fvi‡Zi ZrKvjxb cÖavbgš¿x kÖxgwZ
Bw›ìv MvÜx cvwK¯Ív‡bi weiæ‡× hy× †NvlYv K‡i|
06 wW‡m¤î  †h․_evwnbxi Avµg‡b cvwK¯Ív‡bi meKwU wegvb aŸsm n‡q hvq|
10 wW‡m¤î  wbi‡cÿ GjvKv †NvlYv Kiv nq ‡nv‡Uj B›Uvi Kw›U‡b›Uvj‡K| GwU‡Z XvKv¯’ K~UbxwZK I we‡`wk
bvMwiK‡ì AvkÖq cÖ`vb Kiv nq|
14 wW‡m¤î  Avjeì evwnbx I cvwK¯Ívbx nvbv`vi evwnbx Df‡q wg‡j evOvwji ZrKvjxb †kÖô mšÍvb eyw×Rxex‡ì
b„ksmfv‡e nZ¨v K‡i|
12 gvP©, 1972  gyw³hy‡×i ci evsjv‡`k †_‡K fviZxq •mb¨ cÖZ¨vnvi kyiæ nq|
knx` eyw×Rxex wèm
NUbv gyw³hy‡×i ‡k‡li w`‡K civRq wbwðZ ‡R‡b cvwK¯Ívwb evwnbx I Zv‡ì ‡`kxq ‡`vmiiv G ‡`k‡K ‡gavk~b¨
Kivi cwiKíbv K‡i| 10 wW‡m¤î ‡_‡K 14 wW‡m¤^‡ii g‡a¨ Zviv Avgv‡ì A‡bK Ávbx-¸Yx wkíx, mvwnwZ¨K,
wk¶K, eyw×Rxex wPwKrmK, mvsevw`K‡ì a‡i wb‡q nZ¨v K‡i|
knx` Wv. dR‡j ivweŸ, Wv. Avjxg †P․ayix, Aa¨vcK †Mvwe›` P›`ª †è, mvwnwZ¨K Av‡bvqvi cvkv, mvwnwZ¨K gybxi
e¨w³eM© †P․ayix, Wv. †Mvjvg gZz©Rv, †R¨vwZg©q ¸n VvKziZv, myiKvi AvjZvd gvngy`, knx`yjøvn Kvqmvi, ax‡i›`ªbv_
`Ë, mvsevw`K †mwjbv cvifxb, Wv. AvRnviæj nK, Aa¨vcK †gvdv¾j nvq`vi †P․ayix, Aa¨vcK m‡šÍvl P›`ª,
Aa¨vcK ikx`yj nvmvb|
¯§i‡Y wèm knx` eyw×Rxexi ¯§i‡Y Avgiv cÖwZeQi 14 wW‡m¤î Ôknx` eyw×Rxex wèmÕ cvjb Kwi|
AvZ¥mgc©‡Yi HwZnvwmK `wjj
XvKvi ‡im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b (eZ©gv‡b ‡mvnivIqv`©x D`¨vb) cvwK¯Ívwb nvbv`vi evwnbx KZ©„K wgÎevwnbxi wbKU 91,549
Rb ‣mb¨mn AvZ¥mgc©‡Yi HwZnvwmK `wjj ¯^vÿwiZ nq— 1971 mv‡ji 16 wW‡m¤î (1378 e½vã)|
kx‡Zi cošÍ we‡Kj 4Uv 31 wgwb‡U (evsjv‡`k mgq) cvwK¯Ívwb
nvbv`vi evwnbxi c‡¶ ‡jt ‡Rbv‡ij Avgxi Avãyjøvn Lvb wbqvRx,
mvgwiK AvBb cÖkvmK ‡Rvb-we Ges KgvÛvi B÷vb© KgvÛ
(cvwK¯Ívb) wgÎevwnbxi Kv‡Q HwZnvwmK AvZ¥mgc©‡Yi `wjj
¯^v¶i K‡i‡Qb| D³ Abyôv‡b gywRebMi miKv‡ii c«wZwbwaZ¡
K‡ib MÖæc K¨v‡Þb G.‡K L›`Kvi| GQvov Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb
MYevwnbxi c‡¶ Kv‡ì wmwÏKx, fviZxq ‡b․evwnbxi fvBm
GWwgivj K…ò, fviZxq wegvb evwnbxi Gqvi gvk©vj ‡Ìqvb,
fviZxq ‡mbvevwnbxi ‡j.‡R. ‡RGdAvi R¨vKe|
AvZ¥mgc©‡Yi mgq cvwK¯Ív‡bi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ wQ‡jb AvZ¥mgc©‡Yi mgq gyw³evwnbxi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡ib
ivóªcwZ cÖavbgš¿x ciivóªgš¿x
MÖæc K¨v‡Þb G †K L›`Kvi|
AvMv †gvnv¤§` Bqvwnqv Lvb byiæj Avwgb myjZvb †nv‡mb Lvb
 cÖ_g kÎægy³— h‡kvi, 6 wW‡m¤î 1971 wLª÷vã|
¯^vaxb evsjv dzUej `j

1971 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy× PjvKvjxb evsjv‡`‡ki GKwU dyUej `j evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy‡×i c‡¶ RbgZ AR©b Ges
gyw³‡hv×v‡ì mvnvhv‡_© A_© msMÖ‡ni D‡Ï‡k¨ fvi‡Zi wewfbœ ¯’v‡b c«`k©bx dyUej ‡Ljvq Ask ‡bq| GB `jwU ¯^vaxb evsjv
dyUej `j bv‡g cwiwPZ| GwU c…w_exi BwZnv‡m hy×Kvjxb cÖ_g dyUej `j|
Ͽ ¯^vaxb evsjv dyUej `j MwVZ nq— 1971 mv‡ji 24 RyjvB|
Ͽ 34 Rb ‡L‡jvqvo, mv‡_ g¨v‡bRvi Ges ‡KvPmn me©‡gvU 36 Rb
wb‡q Mov dyUej `‡ji AwabvqK wQ‡jb— RvKvwiqv wc›Uy|
Ͽ cÖ_g g¨v‡P ‡L‡j— 1971 mv‡ji 26 RyjvB b`xqv ‡Rjvi
K…òbM‡i ¯’vbxq `‡ji m‡½|
Ͽ Ôgyw³i Rb¨ dyUejÕ ¯^vaxb evsjv dyUej `j‡K wb‡q ‣Zix 19
wgwb‡Ui GKwU Z_¨wPÎ|
gyw³hy‡×i †LZve
 ¯^vaxbZv hy×Kv‡j ev cieZ©x mg‡q wewfbœ BDwbU, ‡m±i, weª‡MW ‡_‡K cvIqv ‡LZv‡ei Rb¨ mycvwikmg~n Gqvi fvBm
gvk©vj G. ‡K L›`Kv‡ii ‡bZ…‡Z¡ GKwU KwgwU Øviv wbix¶v Kiv nq|
 Gici 1973 mv‡ji 14 wW‡m¤î cÖwZi¶vgš¿x wn‡m‡e cÖavbgš¿x e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingvb ‡LZve ZvwjKvq ¯^v¶i K‡ib|
exi‡kªô‡ì Dcvwa w`‡q miKvwi ‡M‡RU cªKvk K‡i— 15 wW‡m¤î, 1973 mvj| A_©vr 15 wW‡m¤î wbe©vwPZ mKj
gyw³‡hv×v‡K ‡LZve cÖ`vb Kiv nq|
 evsjv‡`‡ki gnvb gyw³hy‡× exi‡Z¡i ¯^xK…wZ wn‡m‡e †gvU 676 Rb‡K Pvi ai‡bi †LZve cÖ`vb Kiv nq| avivevwnKfv‡e
†LZvemg~‡ni bvg— exi‡kÖô (7 Rb), exi DËg (68 Rb), exi weµg (175 Rb), exi cÖZxK (426 Rb)| Z‡e
eZ©gv‡b e½eÜzi 4 Lywbi †LZve ¯’wMZ Kivq †gvU †LZvecÖvß me©‡gvU gyw³‡hv×v 672 Rb|
 evsjv‡`‡ki †Kv‡bv RxweZ e¨w³‡K cÖ`Ë m‡ev©”P exiZ¡m~PK †LZve— exi DËg|
 †LZvecÖvß cÖ_g exiDËg— †j. K‡b©j Ave`yi ie (wPd Ae ÷vd)|
 †LZvecÖvß cÖ_g exiweµg— ‡gRi L›`Kvi bvRgyj û`v| †LZvecÖvß cÖ_g exicÖZxK— †gvnv¤§` Avãyj gwZb|
 †LZvecÖvß cÖ_g bvix exicÖZxK— K¨v‡Þb Wv. wmZviv †eMg|
exiZ¡m~PK Dcvwamg~n (676 Rb‡K o exi‡kÖô— 7 Rb o exi weµg— 175 Rb
†LZve cÖ`vb Kiv nq) o exi DËg— 68 Rb o exi cÖZxK— 426 Rb
eZ©gv‡b †LZvecÖvß i‡q‡Q 672 Rb o exi‡kÖô— 7 Rb o exi weµg 174 Rb
o exi DËg— 67 Rb o exi cÖZxK— 424 Rb
gyw³hy‡× we‡`wk eÜz‡ì wZb ai‡bi m¤§vbbv c`K cÖ`vb Kiv nq| h_v— evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxbZv m¤§vbbv, evsjv‡`k gyw³hy×
m¤§vbbv, evsjv‡`k •gÎx m¤§vbbv|
we‡`wk eÜz‡ì cÖ`Ë m¤§vbbv evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxbZv m¤§vbbv— 1 Rb| [kÖxgwZ Bw›ìv MvÜx‡K (gi‡YvËi)]
evsjv‡`k gyw³hy× m¤§vbbv— 15 Rb|
evsjv‡`k •gÎx m¤§vbbv— 311 Rb I 11wU msMVb|
‡LZvecÖvß Avwèvmx bvMwiK BD. †K. wPs gvigv exiweµg (DK¨ wPs) [6 bs †m±‡i hy× K‡ib]
exicÖZxK ‡LZvecÖvß gwnjv K¨v‡Þb Wv. wmZviv †eMg exicÖZxK [2 bs †m±i]
Zvivgb wewe exicÖZxK [11 bs †m±i]
me©Kwbô ‡LZvecÖvß gyw³‡hv×v knx`yj Bmjvg jvjy (exi cÖZxK) [11 bs †m±‡i hy× K‡ib]
1992 mv‡ji 15 wW‡m¤î RvZxqfv‡e exiZ¡m~PK ‡LZve cÖvß‡ì c`K I wieb cÖ`vb Kiv nq| 2001 mv‡ji 7 gvP© ‡LZvecÖvß
gyw³‡hv×v‡ì Avw_©K cyi¯‥vi I mb`cÎ cÖ`vb Kiv nq|
 e½eÜz‡K evuPv‡bvi †Póvi Rb¨ weª‡MwWqvi †Rbv‡ij Rvwgj Avn‡g`‡K 2010 mv‡j exi DËg †LZve cÖ`vb Kiv nq| †m
wn‡m‡e †gvU exi DË‡gi msL¨v— 69 Rb| Z‡e wZwb gyw³hy‡× exi‡Z¡i ZvwjKvq Avm‡eb bv|
 cve©Z¨ PÆMÖv‡g wew”QbœZvev`x‡ì weiæ‡× jovB‡q exiZ¡c~Y© f~wgKvi Rb¨ †gRi †Rbv‡ij †P․ayix nvmvb †mvnivIqv`©x I
weª‡MwWqvi †Rbv‡ij †gvRvddi Avng`‡K exiweµg †LZve †`qv nq| ZvB gyw³hy‡× 175 Rb †LZve †c‡jI †gvU exi
weµ‡gi msL¨v— 177 Rb|
 cvuPRb AevOvwjI exiZ¡m~PK ‡LZve cvb, hv‡ì g‡a¨ GKRb we‡`wk| exicÖZxK ‡LZvec«vß GKgvÎ we‡`kx
gyw³‡hv×v— WweøD Gm IWvij¨vÛ|
 fviZxq evwnbxi AvZ¥`vb : hy‡×i P~ovšÍ c‡e© A‡bK Zxeª msNl© Ges fviZxq ‣mb¨‡ì i‡³ iwÄZ nq evsjvi gvwU|
fviZxq evwnbx nZvnZ— knx` 1421, AvnZ 4058 Ges wb‡LvuR 56 Rb|
exi‡kÖô 7 Rb
bvg I c`we †m±i g„Zz¨ ‡K․k‡j g‡b ivLyb
wmcvnx †gv¯Ídv Kvgvj 2 18 GwcÖj, 1971 wLª. †gvnvRv †gv¯Ídv Kvgvj
wmcvnx nvwg`yi ingvb 4 28 A‡±vei, 1971 wLª. nvwg`yi ingvb
K¨v‡Þb gwnDÏxb Rvnv½xi 7 14 wW‡m¤î, 1971 wLª. Rvnv½xi
BwÄbiæg AvwU©wdmvi †gvnv¤§` iæûj Avwgb 10 10 wW‡m¤î, 1971 wLª. iæg iæûj Avgxb
d¬vBU †jd‡Ub¨v›U gwZDi ingvb - 20 AvM÷, 1971 wLª. gwZDi ingvb
j¨vÝbv‡qK b~i †gvnv¤§` †kL 8 5 †m‡Þ¤î, 1971 wLª. byi b~i †gvnv¤§` †kL
j¨vÝbv‡qK gywÝ Avãyi iDd 1 8 GwcÖj, 1971 wLª. gywÝ Avãyi iDd
m~Î. evsjv GKv‡Wwg PwiZvwfavb
g‡b ivLyb †gvnvRv (‡mbvevwnbxi m`m¨) iæg (‡b․evwnbx + wegvb evwnbx) b~i (ivB‡djm)
‡m±img~n g‡b ivLyb ‡gvevBj b¤î gyL¯’ ivLvi Dcv‡q— 2 4 7 10 0 8 1|
 exi‡kÖô‡ì Dcvwa w`‡q miKvwi ‡M‡RU cÖKvk K‡i— 15 wW‡m¤î, 1973 mvj|
exi‡kÖô‡ì Rb¥¯’vb, mgvwa I cèx
bvg Rb¥¯’vb mgvwa cèx
†gv¯Ídv Kvgvj ‡`․jZLvb, †fvjv AvLvDov, eªvþYevwoqv wmcvnx
nvwg`yi ingvb KvwjMÄ, wSbvB`n wÎcyiv, fviZ (cÖ_‡g) wmcvnx
wgicyi knx` eyw×Rxex Kei¯’vb, XvKv| (c‡i)
‡gv¯Ídv Kvgvj gwnDÏxb Rvnv½xi eveyMÄ, ewikvj PvucvBbeveMÄ K¨v‡Þb
†gvnv¤§` iæûj Avgxb ‡mvbvBgywo, †bvqvLvjx iƒcmv, Lyjbv ‡¯‥vqvWªb BwÄwbqvi
gwZDi ingvb o ivqcyiv, biwms`x (‣cZ…K wbevm) d¬vBU
o AvMv, mv‡`K †ivW, XvKv (Rb¥¯’vb) †jd‡Ub¨v›U
b~i †gvnv¤§` †kL mì, bovBj Kvwkcyi, h‡kvi j¨vÝ bv‡qK
nvwg`yi ingvb gywÝ Avãyi iDd gayLvjx, dwi`cyi bvwbqvi Pi, ivOvgvwU j¨vÝ bv‡qK
gwnDÏxb Rvnv½xi ‡gvnv¤§` iæûj Avgxb gwZDi ingvb b~i †gvnv¤§` †kL gywÝ Avãyi iDd
 exi‡kÖô gwZDi ingvb I nvwg`yi ingv‡b mgvwa— gwZDi ingv‡bi cÖ_g mgvwa gvkiæi wegvbNvuwU KivwP| eøy-evW© wegvb
wb‡q evsjv‡`‡k Avmvi mgq wegvb `yN©Ubvq wZwb knx` nb|
c‡i wgicyi knx` eyw×Rxex Kei¯’v‡b Zvu‡K `vdb Kiv nq| exi DËg wm.Avi `Ë (wPË iÄb `Ë)
wmcvnx nvwg`yi ingv‡bi cÖ_g mgvwa wÎcyiv, fviZ| o Rb¥— 1 Rvbyqvwi, 1927 wLª÷v‡ã|
cieZ©x‡Z exi‡kÖô wmcvnx nvwg`yi ingv‡bi (11 wW‡m¤î, o Rb¥¯’ v b— wkjs, fviZ|
2007) ‡`nve‡kl gwZDi ingv‡bi Ke‡ii cv‡k mgvwnZ o 4 bs †m±‡ii †m±i KgvÛvi wQ‡jb|
Kiv nq| (41Zg wewmGm) o g„ Z¨
z — 25 AvM÷, 2020 wLª. (hy³ivóª)
 me©‡kl knx` nb — K¨v‡Þb gwnDwÏb Rvnv½xi|
 me‡P‡q Kg eqmx exi‡kÖô— wmcvnx nvwg`yi ingvb| me©cÖ_g knx` nb †h exi‡kÖô—gywÝ Avãyi iDd|
exiv½bv gyw³‡hv×v
gyw³hy‡× Ae`v‡bi ¯^xK…wZ ¯îƒc bvix‡ì‡K exiv½bv gyw³‡hv×vi ‡LZve ‡`qv nq| b‡f¤î, 2020 ch©šÍ AvIqvgx jxM miKvi
‡gvU 339 Rb exiv½bv gyw³‡hv×vi ¯^xK…wZ w`‡q ‡M‡RU cÖKvk K‡i‡Q| [cwieZ©bkxj Z‡_ï me©‡klUv Rvbyb]
Lvwmqv m¤úª`v‡qi KvuKvZ †nwbbwPZv wQ‡jb exi gyw³‡hv×v, exiv½bv
I ¸ßPi| ¯^vaxbZvi c~‡e© BwcAvi •mwbK gwR`‡K we‡q Ki‡j Zvui KvuKb
bvg n‡q hvq ÔKvuKbÕ Ii‡d b~iRvnvb| wZwb gyw³‡ewU bv‡g cwiwPZ|
wewe
KvuKb wewe 2018 mv‡ji 21‡k gvP© 103 eQi eq‡m exicÖZxK Dcvwai
†M‡R‡Ui AcÖvwß wb‡q g„ZzëiY K‡ib|
 Rb¥— wSivMvuI, mybvgMÄ| wZwb gyw³‡hv×v kIKZ Avjxi †bZ…Z¡ hy× K‡ib—5 bs †m±‡i| gyw³hy‡× Amvgvb¨ Ae`v‡bi
Rb¨ evsjv‡`k miKvi Zvu‡K Ôexi cÖZxKÕ †LZv‡e f~wlZ K‡ib 1996 mv‡j wKš‘ ZLb †M‡RU AvKv‡i cÖKvwkZ nq bvB|
Zvivgb wewe (1957-2018) I †di‡`Šmx wcÖqfvwmbx (1947-2018)

 Zvivgb wewe g„ZzëiY K‡ib 01 wW‡m¤î, 2018|  fv¯ ‥i †di‡`․mx gyw³hy‡× Ae`v‡bi
 exi gyw³‡hv×v Zvivgb wewe 11 bs †m±‡i K‡b©j Rb¨ 2015 mv‡ji 16 †m‡Þ¤î
Zv‡n‡ii Aax‡b hy× K‡ib| gyw³‡hv×v †LZve jvf K‡ib|
 gywne nvwej`vi bv‡g GKRb gyw³‡hv×v Zvivgb  wZwb ¯ ^vaxbZv c`K 2010 mv‡j jvf
wewe‡K gyw³hy‡× AskMÖnY Kivi Rb¨ DrmvwnZ K‡ib| K‡ib|
 Avwbmyj n‡Ki Ô exi cÖZx‡Ki †Lvu‡RÕ eBwU Zvivgb  wZwb g„ZyëiY K‡ib- 6 gvP©, 2018
wewe‡K wb‡q iwPZ| wLª÷v‡ã|
gyw³hy‡× we‡`wk eÜziv

evsjv‡`k‡K mn‡hvwMZvi Rb¨ fvi‡Zi weiæ‡× cvwK¯Ívb hy× ‡NvlYv Ki‡j ‡mLv‡bI
GK n‡q cvwK¯Ív‡bi weiæ‡× wZwb hy‡×i wb‡`©k ‡`b| evsjv‡`‡ki 98,99,305
kiYv_©x‡K ‡mevhZœ Kivq Bw›ìv MvÜxi G KvR‡K hxï wLª‡÷i Kv‡Ri mv‡_ Zyjbv
K‡i‡Qb gv`vi ‡Z‡imv| ÔZviv mevB Ck¦‡ii mšÍvbÕ kxl©K GKwU eB‡q ‡Z‡imv G
welqwU D‡jøL K‡ib| evsjv‡`‡ki gnvb gyw³hy‡× Amvgvb¨ Ae`v‡bi Rb¨ fvi‡Zi
cÖqvZ cÖavbgš¿x Bw›ìv MvÜx‡K (gi‡YvËi) ¯^vaxbZvi m‡e©v”P m¤§vbbv Ô¯^vaxbZv
m¤§vbbvÕ cÖ`vb K‡i evsjv‡`k|
AvP©vi †K›U eøvW
 wZwb 1971 mv‡j c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b Av‡gwiKvb Kbmy¨jvi wn‡m‡e Av‡mb|
 cvwK¯Ívwb nvbv`vi evwnbxi b…ksmZv e‡Ü hy³ivó« Kvh©Ki eë¯’v bv ‡bIqvq 6
GwcÖj, 1971 mv‡j XvKvi gvwK©b `ßi ‡_‡K 21 R‡bi ¯^v¶imn GKwU ZvievZv©
cvVvb| hv ÔeøvW ‡UwjMÖvgÕ (M¨vwi †R e¨vm Ô`¨ eøvW †UwjMÖvgÕ bv‡g GKwU MÖš’ iPbv
K‡ib) bv‡g weL¨vZ| cieZ©x‡Z AvP©vi eøvW Zvui ÔThe Cruel Birth of
BangladeshÕ eB‡qi m~Pbvq ‡j‡Lb ÔGKvËi wb‡q wjL‡Z e‡m Avgvi ‡PvL w`‡q AkÖæ Si‡Q| KviY Avgvi eû
eÜyi gyL ‡f‡m DV‡Q, hviv ‡mmgq knx` n‡q‡QÕ|
 evsjv‡`‡ki GB AK…wÎg eÜy 2004 mv‡j gviv hvIqvi ci Zvui we`~lx ¯¿x gvM©v‡iU eøvW ¯^vgxi ¯§i‡Y 2005 mv‡j
XvKvi gvwK©b `~Zvev‡m Zvui bv‡g GKwU jvB‡eªwi cÖwZôv K‡ib|
DBwjqvg Aveªvnvg mvBgb IWvij¨vÛ (W S Ouderland)
 RvwZ‡Z— WvP| bvKwiKZ¡— A‡÷ªjxq| evsjv‡`‡k wQ‡jb— evUv my †Kv¤úvwbi eë¯’vcK wn‡m‡e|
 hy‡×i AwfÁZv— wØZxq wek¦hy× AskMÖnY (cÖ_g evi), evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy× (wØZxq evi)|
 1971 mv‡ji AvM÷ gv‡mi w`‡K wZwb U½x‡Z evUv †Kv¤úvwbi †fZ‡i ‡Mwijv †Uªwbs Gi eë¯’v K‡ib|
 mivmwi hy‡× AskMÖnYKvix GKgvÎ GB we‡`wk‡K exi‡Z¡i Rb¨ Ôexi cÖZxKÕ ‡LZve w`‡q‡Q evsjv‡`k miKvi|
 exi cÖZxK m¤§v‡bi mv‡_ cvIqv Avw_©K 10 nvRvi UvKv wZwb gyw³‡hv×v Kj¨vY U«v‡÷ `vb K‡i ‡`b|
 g„Zz¨— 2001 mv‡ji 18 ‡g 84 eQi eq‡m A‡÷«wjqvq g…Zz¨ nq evsjv‡`‡ki GB AK…wÎg myü‡ì|
A¨v‡jb wMÝevM© mvBgb wWªs

gvwK©b Kwe, ‡jLK, MxwZKvi A¨v‡jb wMÝevM© jÛbwfwËK weL¨vZ msev`cÎ Ô‡WBwj
1971 mv‡j gyw³hy‡×i mgq eÜy mybxj ‡UwjMÖvdÕ Gi mvsevw`K mvBgb wWªs 1971
M‡½vcva¨v‡qi mv‡_ h‡kvi ‡iv‡W mxgv‡šÍi Icv‡i mv‡ji gv‡P©i DËvj w`b¸‡jv‡Z A‡bK MYnZ¨v
kiYv_©x wkwei Ny‡i ‡h AwfÁZv AR©b K‡ib, Zv I ‡Mwijv hy‡×i Qwe Zy‡j G‡Ki ci GK
wb‡q ‡j‡Lb weL¨vZ KweZv ÔSeptember on cÖwZ‡e`b (me©cÖ_g ewnwe©‡k^ cÖKvk K‡ib)
Jessore RoadÕ.1971 mv‡j GB KweZvwU cÖKvk Ki‡Z _vK‡j wek¦Ry‡o evsjv‡`‡ki
ÔwbDBqK© UvBgmÕ cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ nq| c‡¶ Rbmg_©b evo‡Z _v‡K|
dv`vi gvwiI  BZvjxq K¨v_wjK ag©hvRK|
†f‡ibwR  wMR©vq wbiciva evOvwj AvkÖq †Ìqvi Awf‡hv‡M cvK nvbv`vi evwnbx ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v K‡i — 4 GwcÖj, 1971|
MYgva¨‡gi f~wgKv
gvK© Uvwj  gvK© Uvwj ‡h msev` ms¯’vq KvR Ki‡Zb— wewewm|
 wZwb gyw³hy‡×i e¨vcv‡i e¯‘wbô ivR‣bwZK we‡kølY cÖPvi Ki‡Zb|
‡è`yjvj  ‡è`yjvj KvR Ki‡Zb— AvKvkevYx cwÎKvq|
e‡›`¨vcva¨vq  AvKvkevYx KjKvZv †_‡K cÖPvwiZ RbwcÖq Ômsev` cwiµgvÕ cvV Ki‡Zb— ‡è`yjvj|
Avbv †UBjvi  we‡`‡ki gvwU‡Z evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ Abkb K‡iwQ‡jb|
 ÔAvbv ‡UBjviÕ evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ Abkb K‡iwQ‡jb— ‡nvqvBU nvD‡Ri mvg‡b|
‡WwfU d«÷  e½eÜy ‡`‡k wd‡i †h we‡`wk mvsevw`K‡K GKwU `xN© mv¶vrKvi ‡`b— ‡WwfU d«÷|
‡UwjMÖvd  evsjv‡`‡ki MYnZ¨v Ô‣`wbK ‡UwjMÖvdÕ cwÎKv K‡e cÖKvk K‡i— 31 gvP©, 1971 mv‡j|
Gš’wb  evsjv‡`‡k cvKevwnbxi MYnZ¨v Ges aŸsmh‡Ái Z_¨ wek¦evmxi wbKU Zz‡j a‡ib|
gvmKv‡ibnvm  iwPZ MÖš’— The Rape of Bangladesh (1971) & Bangladesh : A Legacy of Blood (1986).
KbmvU© di evsjv‡`k
ÔThe Concert for BangladeshÕ wQj 1 AvM÷ 1971 mv‡ji iweevi 2.30 Ges 8.00 Aciv‡nè wbDBqK© wmwUi
g¨vwWmb ¯‥qvi Mv‡W©‡b cÖvq 40,000 `k©‡Ki Dcw¯’wZ‡Z AbywôZ,mv‡eK weUj&m m½xZ`‡ji wjW wMUviev`K RR©
n¨vwimb (weª‡U‡bi bvMwiK) Ges fviZxq ‡mZvi ev`K
iwek¼i KZ©…K msMwVZ `ywU ‡ewbwdU KbmvU©| GB Kbmv‡U©i mvnv‡hï cwigvY wQj— cÖvq 2,43,418.51
GKwU ‡k«ô wewµZ jvBf A¨vjevg, GKwU e·-w_« ‡iKW© ‡mU gvwK©b Wjvi, hv BDwb‡m‡di gva¨‡g
Ges A¨vcj wdj¥‡mi Kbmv‡U©i Z_¨wPÎ wb‡q 1972 mv‡j kiYv_©x‡ì mvnvh¨v‡_© e¨wqZ nq|
Pjw”PÎvKv‡i cÖKvk Kiv nq| GB Abyôv‡b wek¦weL¨vZ
m½xZwkíx‡ì GK wekvj `j Ask wb‡qwQ‡jb, hvu‡ì g‡a¨ ee wWjvb, GwiK K¬¨vcUb, RR© n¨vwimb (RR© n¨vwimb‡K Kbmv‡U©
†hvM †èvi Avgš¿Y Rvbvb iwe ksKi), wewj wcÖ÷b, wjqb iv‡mj, e¨vW wd½vi Ges wi‡½v iK÷vi wQ‡jb D‡jøL‡hvM¨| ev½vjx
m`m¨— cwÛZ iwe k¼i Ges I¯Ív` Avjx AvKei| fvi‡Zi DËi cÖ‡`‡ki ‡ebvi‡m Rb¥MÖnYKvix evOvwj ‡mZviev`‡b
wek¦e¨vcx L¨vwZ jvf K‡ib| wZwb I¯Ív` AvjvDÏxb Lvui wkl¨ wQ‡jb| wZwb 2012 mv‡j gviv hvb| 1922 mv‡ji 14B GwcÖj
wZwb Kywgjøvq Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| 2009 mv‡j wZwb gviv hvb| K¨vwj‡dvwb©qvq wZwb myiKvi I mvi`xq wQ‡jb|
gyw³hy‡× e„nr kw³e‡M©i f~wgKv

fvi‡Zi f~wgKv Av‡gwiKvi f~wgKv
o evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× mivmwi mg_©b Rvbvq| o hy³ivó« cvwK¯Ív‡bi c¶ ‡bq|
o wek¦evmxi wbKU mv_©Kfv‡e Zy‡j a‡i| o Z‡e cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q hy³ivó« evsjv‡`‡ki c¶ ‡bIqvi
o evsjv‡`‡ki 98,99,305 kiYv_©x‡K AvkÖq †`q| ZrciZv ‡`Lvq| ‡hgb- 7 gv‡P©i fvl‡Yi Av‡M bZyb
o gyw³evwnbx I fviZxq evwnbx Ô‡h․_ KgvÛÕ M‡o iv‡ó«i m¤¢ve¨ Afÿ`q me©v‡MÖ ¯^xK…wZ `vb I ‡kL
‡Zv‡j| ‡h․_ Kgv‡Ûi Avµg‡Y c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b gywRe‡K Kx fvlvq Awfev`b Rvbv‡bv hvq Zvi Lmov
P~ovšÍ K‡iwQj| wKš‘ ‡kl ch©šÍ evua ‡m‡awQ‡jb ‡nbwi
cvKevwnbxi mKj wegvb aŸsm n‡q hvq— 4 wKwmÄvi| wZwb e‡jwQ‡jb, Avwg ne Ô‡Wwfjm
wW‡m¤î, 1971 mvj| GW‡fv‡KUÕ|
o evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vb K‡i— 6 wW‡m¤î| o 1971 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy‡× cwðge½, wÎcyiv,
o gyw³‡hv×v‡ì cÖwk¶Y †`q| Avmvg I ‡gNvj‡q Rgv‡qZ j¶ j¶ kiYv_©x‡ì
weª‡U‡bi f~wgKv fvi‡Zi wewfbœ iv‡R¨ ¯’vbvšÍi Kivi Rb¨ hy³ivó«
29 gvP©, 1971 nvDm Ae KgÝ mfvq A¨v‡jK WMjvm wnDg cwienb wegvb w`‡q mnvqZv K‡i| ÎvY Kv‡Ri Rb¨
cvwK¯Ívb‡K mvgwiK n¯Í‡¶c eÜ Kivi AvnŸvb Rvbvq| ‡c«wm‡W›U wb·b 250 wgwjqb Wjvi eivÏ ‡`b|
gyw³hy‡×i mgq kiYv_©x‡ì mnqZv K‡i| A‡±vei, 1971 o Z‡e ‡kl ch©v‡q wb·b cÖkvmb cvwK¯Ív‡bi c¶ ‡bq
ch©šÍ kiYv_©x‡ì mnvqZvi cwigvY wQ‡jv 1 ‡KvwU 47 jvL Ges wf‡qZbv‡gi UvswKs DcmvMi ‡_‡K mßg ‡b․eni
50 nvRvi cvDÛ| e‡½vcmvM‡ii w`‡K hvÎv ïiæ K‡i|
‡mvwf‡qZ BDwbq‡bi f~wgKv
c‡ÿ Ae¯’vb †bq| 3 GwcÖj 1971 ‡mvwf‡qZ ‡cªwm‡W›U wb‡KvjvB ‡cv`Mwb© binZ¨vi cÖwZev` Rvwb‡q cvwK¯Ív‡bi ‡c«wm‡W›U
Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi wbKU cÖwZev`cÎ cvVvb| GwU wQ‡jv civkw³i g‡a¨ ‡Kvb kw³i cÖ_g cÖwZev`wjwc| 9 AvM÷, 1971
e½eÜyi wePv‡ii Rb¨ 12wU Awfhv‡bi wfwË‡Z PvR© MVb Kiv nq| 11 AvM÷, 1971 ÔcvwK¯Ívb Avwg© A¨v±Õ Gi AvIZvq
wePvi KvR kiæ nq| wePvi Pjv Ae¯’vq 6 ‡m‡Þ¤î, 1971 g‡¯‥v‡Z cvwK¯Ív‡bi ciivó« mwPe myjZvb Lv‡bi mv‡_ ‡mvwf‡qZ
ciivó«gš¿x Av‡›`ª ‡MÖvwg‡Kvi ‣eVK nq| ‣eV‡K ‡MÖvwg‡Kv Rvwb‡q ‡`b ‡h wePv‡ii bv‡g ‡kL gywRe‡K nZ¨v Kiv n‡j
cwiw¯’wZ wbqš¿‡Yi evB‡i P‡j hv‡e|
gyw³hy‡×i mgq evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv jv‡fi we‡ivwaZv K‡iwQj— RvwZms‡Ni wbivcËv cwil‡ì ¯’vqx ivóª- Pxb I hy³ivóª|
RvwZms‡Ni f~wgKv
RvwZmsN bviKxq nZ¨vhÁ, ‡g․wjK gvbevwaKvi j•N‡bi weiæ‡× ‡Kvb Kvh©Ki eë¯’v MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| cÖK…Zc‡¶ Ô‡f‡UvÕ
¶gZv m¤úbœ cvuPwU e…nr kw³ai iv‡ó«i evB‡i RvwZms‡Ni wbR¯^ D‡`¨v‡M ‡f‡Uv ‡Ìqvi ¶gZv wQj mxwgZ| Z‡e hy× weiwZi
Rb¨ RvwZms‡N 3 evi cÖ¯Íve DÌvwcZ nq| h_v :
K. 4 wW‡m¤î, 1971 (USA cÖ¯Íve ‡`q)
L. 5 wW‡m¤î, 1971 (Av‡R©w›Ubvi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ wbivcËv cwil‡ì 8wU ‡`k)
M. 13 wW‡m¤î, 1971 (USA cÖ¯Íve ‡`q)
wKš‘ USSR 3 eviB ‡f‡Uv (A_© Avwg gvwb bv) ‡Ìqvi Kvi‡Y hy×weiwZ nqwb| hy×weiwZ bv nIqvq evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxbZv AR©b
K‡i| ZvB ejv nq, gyw³hy‡×i mgq RvwZms‡N USSR evsjv‡`‡ki c‡ÿ †f‡Uv cÖ`vb K‡ib|
gyw³hy‡×i mgq wek^ †bZ…e„›`

fviZ USSR weª‡Ub
যাষ্ট্র঩তত ফযাহতিতয মবঙ্কট তিতয যাষ্ট্র঩তত তনক ারাই ম঩াদকিাতনি প্রধানভন্ত্রী এডওয়াথি তহথ
প্রধানভন্ত্রী শ্রীভতত ইতিযা িান্ধী প্রধানভন্ত্রী আকরকেই ম াতিতিতন তফকযাধী দরীয় মনতা তভ. উইরিন
঩যযাষ্ট্রভন্ত্রী ঱যণ তিিং ঩যযাষ্ট্রভন্ত্রী আকে মরাতভক া ঩যযাষ্ট্রভন্ত্রী A¨v‡jK WMjvm wnDg
USA Pxb
যাষ্ট্র঩তত তযচাডি তনেন cÖavbgš¿x Sz Gb jvB
঩যযাষ্ট্রভন্ত্রী উইতরয়াভ যজািি
প্রধান তনযা঩ত্তা উ঩কদষ্টা মহনতয ত তিঞ্জায
mßg ‡b․eni
3 wW‡m¤î, 1971 cvwK¯Ívb fviZ‡K AvµgY Ki‡j fviZ cvwK¯Ív‡bi weiæ‡× hy× ‡NvlYv K‡i| d‡j cvwK¯Ív‡bi cZb Avmbœ
n‡q I‡V| GB Ae¯’vq cvwK¯Ív‡bi cZb ‡VKv‡bvi D‡Ï‡k¨ Av‡gwiKv fviZ I evsjv‡`k‡K Pv‡c ‡djvi Rb¨ e‡½vcmvM‡i
KgvÛvi G¨vwWwgivj Wvqgb MW©‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ mßg ‡b․eni cvVvq| 10 wW‡m¤î, 1971 hy³iv‡ó«i GKwU evZ©v fvi‡Zi nv‡Z aiv
c‡o hv ‡_‡K fviZ mßg ‡b․en‡ii AvMgb m¤ú‡K© eyS‡Z cv‡i| GB mgq mßg ‡b․en‡ii ‡K›`ª wQj ÔUvswKs DcmvMiÕ| KviY
‡m mgq wf‡qZbv‡gi hy× PjwQj| GB en‡ii AMÖfv‡M wQj 75000 Ub cvigvYweK ¶gZvm¤úbœ wegvbevnx RvnvR ÔUSS
EnterpriseÕ (CVN-65)|
Aóg †b․eni
hy³ivó« hLb Ô7g ‡b․eniÕ cvVvq, GiB Av‡jv‡K fviZ ‡mvwf‡qZ‡K AewnZ Ki‡j ‡mvwf‡qZ føvw`f÷K ‡b․eni ‡_‡K Aóg
‡b․eni cvVvq| GB en‡ii cÖ_‡gB wQ‡jv cvigvYweK A¯¿ mw¾Z `ywU mve‡gwib| KgvÛvi wQ‡jb GWwgivj Ôµyf wjqvKfÕ|
gyw³hy‡× we‡ivaxZvKvix AvÂwjK msMVb
kvwšÍ 4 GwcÖj, 1971 b~iæj Avwg‡bi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg I LvRv L‡qi DÏxb wU°v Lv‡bi mv‡_ mv¶vr K‡i
KwgwU me©cÖ_g ivR‣bwZK mn‡hvwMZvi Avk¦vm cÖ`vb K‡ib Ges bvMwiK KwgwU MV‡bi cÖ¯Íve ‡ck K‡ib| 9 GwcÖj,
1971 XvKvq 140 m`m¨ ÔXvKv bvMwiK kvwšÍ KwgwUÕ MwVZ nq|
ivRvKvi 1971 mv‡ji ‡g gv‡m gvIjvbv G ‡K Gg BDmy‡di ‡bZ…‡Z¡ 96 Rb Kg©x wb‡q Lyjbv Avbmvi K¨v‡¤ú GB evwnbx
evwnbx MwVZ nq| GB evwnbxi ‡gvU m`m¨ msL¨v wQj 50,000 (cÂvk nvRvi)| cvwK¯Ívb †mbvevwnbxi cÖavb mn‡hvMx
wn‡m‡e G evwnbx `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i|
Avjeì QvÎ msMVb QvÎms‡Ni m`m¨‡ì wb‡q 1971 Gi AvM÷ gv‡m gqgbwms‡n GB evwnbx MwVZ nq| eyw×Rxex
evwnbx nZ¨vKvÐ NUv‡bv GB evwnbxi Kvh©vejxi Ab¨Zg|
Wv. gvwjK †ejywP¯Ív‡bi KmvB wU°v Lvb‡K mwi‡q cvwK¯Ívb miKvi †emvgwiK e¨w³ Wv. †gvËvwje gvwjK Mfb©i wbhy³ K‡i
gwš¿mfv ewnwe©k^‡K weåvšÍ Kivi Rb¨| Zvi †bZ…‡Z¡ 10 m`m¨wewkó gvwjK gwš¿mfv gyw³hy³ we‡ivax †emvgwiK miKvi 1971
mv‡ji 17B †m‡Þ¤î MwVZ nq| G miKvi 14 wW‡m¤î c`Z¨vM Ki‡Z eva¨ nq|
gyw³hy×Kvjxb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Acv‡ikbmg~n

bvg ZvwiL ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Z_¨
Acv‡ikb 25 gvP©,  cvwK¯Ívb evwnbx KZ©„K evOvwj‡ì Dci cwiPvwjZ mk¯¿ Awfhvb|
mvP©jvBU 1971  c~e© bvg— Acv‡ikb weøR|
Acv‡ikb 26 gvP©,  e½eÜz‡K †MÖdZvi Kivi Acv‡ik‡bi bvg|
weM evW© 1971  ÔweM evW©Õ— Acv‡ikb mvP©jvB‡U gywR‡ei †KvW †bg wQj GwU|
Acv‡ikb 15/16 AvM÷,  evsjv‡`k †b․evwnbx KZ©„K cwiPvwjZ Awfhvb| GK‡hv‡M †b․e›ìmg~‡n AvµgY K‡i|
R¨vKcU 1971  Acv‡ik‡b †b․-Kgv‡Ûv‡ì wb‡`©k †`qv n‡Zv— ¯^vaxb evsjv †eZv‡ii Mv‡bi gva¨‡g|
Acv‡ikb 3 wW‡m¤î,  evsjv‡`k wegvbevwnbx KZ©„K cvK evwnbxi Dci AvKvkc‡_ msMwVZ AvµgY|
wK‡jvd¬vBU 1971  3 wW‡m¤î gaïv‡Z PÆMÖvg I bvqviYM‡Ä AvµgY Kiv nq|
Acv‡ikb 3 wW‡m¤î,  fvi‡Z 11wU Gqviwd‡ìi Dci cvwK¯Ívb evwnbxi e¨_© AvµgY|
†Pw½m Lvb 1971
Acv‡ikb 3 wW‡m¤î,  Ô‡h․_ evwnbxÕ (evsjv‡`k I fviZ wg‡j MwVZ evwnbx) cvwK¯Ív‡bi weiæ‡× †h wegvb AvµgY
K¨v±vm wjwj 1971 Pvjvq|
Acv‡ikb -  gyw³hy‡×i ci mviv‡`‡ki gvby‡li wbKU n‡Z A‣ea A¯¿ Rgv †bIqvi Awfhvb|
†K¬vR‡Wvi
wmgjv Pzw³
Pzw³ ¯^vÿi HwZnvwmK kvwšÍPzw³ ¯^vÿwiZ nq— 2 RyjvB, 1972 wLª÷v‡ã fvi‡Zi wmgjvq|
jÿ¨ fviZ-cvwK¯Ívb ¯^vfvweK m¤úK© cybtcÖwZôv|
¯^vÿi K‡ib RyjwdKvi Avjx fz‡Æv (cvwK¯Ív‡bi cÖavbgš¿x) I wg‡mm Bw›ìv MvÜx (fvi‡Zi cÖavbgš¿x)|
 fviZ cvwK¯Ívwb †mbvevwnbxi e›`x †mbv‡ì wb‡Ri †ndvR‡Z wb‡q hvq— 16 wW‡m¤î, 1971 wLª÷v‡ã|
 ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i ci evsjv‡`k n‡Z fviZxq †mbv cÖZ¨vnvi ïiæ nq— 12 gvP©, 1972 wLª÷v‡ã|
evsjv‡`‡ki Afz¨`q
evsjv‡`k‡K me©‡gvU 148wU ‡`k ¯^xK…wZ †`q|
Gwkqv বাযত ৬ তডকিম্বয, ১৯৭১ BD‡ivc ঩ূফি জাভিাতন ১১ জানুয়াতয, ১৯৭২
gnv‡`k বুটান ৬ তডকিম্বয, ১৯৭১ gnv‡`k ম঩ারযান্ড ১২ জানুয়াতয, ১৯৭২
ভায়ানভায ১৩ জানুয়াতয, ১৯৭২ ফুরকিতযয়া ১২ জানুয়াতয, ১৯৭২
মন঩ার ১৬ জানুয়াতয, ১৯৭২ মিাতবকয়ত ২৪ জানুয়াতয, ১৯৭২
ইউতনয়ন
B‡›`v‡bwkqv, gvj‡qwkqv 25 ‡deªæqvwi, 1972 তিকটন ০৪ মপব্রুয়াতয, ১৯৭২
ইযা ০৮ জুরাই, ১৯৭২ biI‡q 4 †deªæqvwi, 1972
঩াত স্তান ২২ মপব্রুয়াতয, ১৯৭৪ BZvwj 12 †deªæqvwi, 1972
মিৌতদ আযফ ১৬ আিস্ট, ১৯৭৫ d«vÝ 14 †deªæqvwi, 1972
চীন ৩১ আিস্ট, ১৯৭৫ Av‡gwiKv eve©v‡WvR 20 Rvbyqvwi, 1972
Avwd«Kv মিকনিার ০১ মপব্রুয়াতয, ১৯৭২ gnv‡`k KvbvWv 14 †deªæqvwi, 1972
gnv`‡k gwikvm 20 †deªæqvwi, 1972 USA ০৪ এতপ্রর, ১৯৭২
Mvw¤^qv 2 gvP©, 1972 eªvwRj 15 †g, 1972
Avj‡Rwiqv 16 RyjvB, 1973 Av‡R©w›Ubv 25‡g, 1972
evsjv‡`k‡K 1985 mv‡j me©‡kl ¯^xK…wZ ‡`q eªæbvB| evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ `vbKvix cÖ_g ‡`k fyUvb (6 B wW‡m¤î)
Ges wØZxq ‡`k fviZ (6 B wW‡m¤î,1971)| (m~Î- cÖavbgš¿x I ciivóª gš¿xi fvlY) fzUvb ¯^xK…wZ †`qvi wKQzÿY c‡iB ¯^xK…wZ †`q fviZ|
wewfbœ RvwZ/gZ/AÂjwfwËK cÖ_g ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vbKvix cÖ_g †`k
we‡eP¨ welq I ‡`‡ki bvg ¯^xK…wZi ZvwiL
evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vbKvix cÖ_g BD‡ivcxq ‡`k— c~e© Rvg©vwb 11 Rvbyqvwi, 1972
evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vbKvix cÖ_g Abvie I Avwd«Kvi gymwjg ‡`k— ‡m‡bMvj 1 ‡deªæqvwi, 1972
evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vbKvix 1g DËi Av‡gwiKvi ‡`k— eve©v‡WvR 20 Rvbyqvwi, 1972
evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vbKvix 1g `wÿY Av‡gwiKvi ‡`k— ‡f‡bRy‡qjv, Kjw¤^qv 2 ‡g, 1972
evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vbKvix 1g I‡kwbqvi ‡`k— wdwR 26 Rvbyqvwi, 1972
evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vbKvix 1g mgvRZvwš¿K ‡`k— ‡cvj¨vÛ 12 Rvbyqvwi, 1972
evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vbKvix 1g Avie ‡`k— BivK 8 RyjvB, 1972
evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vbKvix 1g A-Avie Gkxq gymwjg ‡`k— gvj‡qwkqv 25 ‡deªæqvwi, 1972
gyw³hy× m¤úwK©Z Bs‡iwR ZvwiL I mvj 7 gvP©, 1971 25 gvP©, 1971 16 wW‡m¤î, 1971
¸iæZ¡c~Y© ZvwiL I evsjv ZvwiL I mvj 1377 e½vã 11 •PÎ, 1377 e½vã 1378 e½vã
evi evi iweevi e„n¯úwZevi e„n¯úwZevi
gyw³hy×wfwËK Mí/Dcb¨vm
MÖš’ ‡jLK MÖš’ ‡jLK MÖš’ ‡jLK
gv Avwbmyj nK Av¸‡bi cikgwY ûgvq~b Avn‡g` †`qvj ûgvqyb Avn‡g`
ivB‡dj ‡ivwU AvIivZ Av‡bvqvi cvkv ‡R¨vrmœv I Rbbxi ûgvq~b Avn‡g` nvOi b`x ‡mwjbv
(gyw³hy‡×i cª_g Dcb¨vm) Mí ‡Mª‡bW ‡nv‡mb
RjvsMx kIKZ Imgvb wbišÍi N›UvaŸwb ‡mwjbv †nv‡mb
wbwl× ‡jvevb ‣mq` kvgmyj nK ‡`qvj Avey Rvdi kvgmywÏb
gyw³hy×wfwËK BwZnvm
Gev‡ii msMªvg ¯^vaxbZvi ‡j. K‡b©j Avey evsjv‡`k miKvi GBP wU Bgvg g~javivÕ 71 gC`yj nvmvb
msMªvg Imgvb ‡P․ayix 1971
¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`ª ‡ejvj ‡gvnv¤§` cÖev‡m gyw³hy‡×i wePvicwZ Avey Rb¥ hw` Ze e‡½ kIKZ Imgvb
`y‡kv ‡QlwÆ w`‡b ¯^vaxbZv gynv¤§` byiæj Kvwì w`b¸wj mvC` †P․ayix
gyw³hy×wfwËK (M‡elYv)
MÖš’ ‡jLK MÖš’ ‡jLK
Avwg exiv½bv ejwQ bxwjgv Beªvwng gyw³hy‡× bvix gv‡jKv ‡eMg
XvKv A¨vjevg 1948-1971 m¤úv`bv gybZvwmi gvgyb I nv‡kg Lvb GKvË‡ii hy×wkï mvwR` ‡nv‡mb
GKvË‡ii gyw³hy× : HwZnvwmK fvlY, BkwZnvi I wPwV ‡gRi iwdKyj Bmjvg wcGmwm
gyw³hy×wfwËK ¯§„wZPviY
Avwg weRq ‡`‡LwQ Gg Avi AvLZvi gyKyj ¯§„wZ A¤øvb 1971 Aveyj gvj Avãyj gywnZ
cªev‡m gyw³hy‡×i w`b¸wj Avey mvC` ‡P․ayix GKvËi : KiZ‡j wQbœgv_v nvmvb AvwRRyj nK
evsjv‡`‡ki Afÿ`q GKRb cªZ¨¶`k©xi fvl¨ ‡ingvb ‡mvenvb
gyw³hy×wfwËK w`bcwÄ
GKvË‡ii w`b¸wj Rvnvbviv Bgvg GKvË‡ii Wv‡qix mywdqv Kvgvj Rvb©vj 71 ‡evinvb DwÏb Lvb Rvnv½xi
GKvË‡ii bq gvm iv‡eqv LvZyb KvjivwÎi LÐwPÎ kIKZ Imgvb
gyw³hy×wfwËK hv`yNi
Ae¯’vb cÖwZôvi mvj Ae¯’vb cÖwZôvi mvj Ae¯’vb cÖwZôvi mvj
Kzwgjøv †mbvwbevm ১৯৭২ PÆMÖvg †mbvwbevm 1995 AvMviMvuI ২০১৭
h‡kvi †mbvwbevm ১৯৯৪ XvKv †mbvwbevm 1996 gyw³hy× hv`yNi
evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g Rv`yNi— e‡i›`ª Rv`yNi| cÖwZwôZ nq— 1910 mv‡j|
gyw³hy×wfwËK mvwnZ¨Kg© (we‡`wk‡ì `„wó‡Z ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vjb)
The Cruel Birth of Bangladesh Archer K Blood Massacre Robert pain
Witness to surrender Siddiq Salik Surrender at Dacca: Lt Gen JFR Jacob
Rape of Bangladesh A¨vš’wb gvmKv‡ibnvm Birth of a Nation
gyw³hy×wfwËK (`wjjcÎ)
evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy‡× gvwK©b f~wgKvi ‡Mvcb `wjj Avwmd ikx` 1971 Av‡gwiKvi ‡Mvcb `wjj wgRvbyi ingvb Lvb
evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy× `wjjcÎ m¤úv`K: nvmvb nvwdRyi ingvb, Z_¨ gš¿Yvjq
gyw³hy×wfwËK (cÖvgvY¨ Pjw”PÎ)
cÖvgvY¨ Pjw”PÎ Pjw”PÎKvi mvj cÖvgvY¨ Pjw”PÎ Pjw”PÎKvi mvj
Stop Genocide জতহয যায়হান ১৯৭১ স্মৃতত এ াত্তয তানবীয মভা াকম্মর ১৯৯১
A State is Born জতহয যায়হান ১৯৭২ ভুতিয িান (ফািংরা) তাকয ভাসুদ ও ১৯৯৫
যাথতযন ভাসুদ
Liberation Fighters আরভিীয তফয ১৯৭১ ভুতিয থা তাকয ভাসুদ ও ১৯৯৯
যাথতযন ভাসুদ
Dateline Bangladesh িীতা মভহতা ১৯৭১ নাইন ভানথ টু তিডভ এি সুকুকদফ ১৯৭২
Innocent Millions ফাফুর মচৌধুযী ১৯৭১ যহভান : দয পাদায অফ মফঙ্গর নাতিি ওত঱ভা -
gyw³hy×wfwËK ¯§„wZ¯Í¤¢/fv¯‥h©
¯’vcZ¨ I fv¯‥h© fv¯‥i ¯’vb ¯’vcZ¨ I fv¯‥h© fv¯‥i ¯’vb
অ঩যাকজয় ফািংরা সিয়দ আব্দুল্লাহ ঢা া তফশ্বতফদযারয় িিং঱প্ত হাতভদুজ্জাভান জাহাঙ্গীযনিয
খাকরদ খান তফশ্বতফদযারয়
মবা঩াতজিত ঱াভীভ ত঱ দায তটএিতি, ঢা া বাধীনতা হাতভদুজ্জাভান াজী নজরুর ইিযাভ
বাধীনতা তফশ্বতফদযারয় খান এতবতনউ, ঢা া
জারত মচৌযঙ্গী আব্দুয যাজ্জা জয়কদফ঩ুয মচৌযাস্তা অদভয ফািংরা মিা঩ার চে খুরনা তফশ্বতফদযারয়
(িাজী঩ুয) ঩ার
঱াফা঱ ফািংরাকদ঱ তনতুন কুণ্ডু যাজ঱াহী তফশ্বতফদযারয় বাধীনতা নাতিয খান মনায়াখারী
জাতীয় স্মৃততকিৌধ ভাইনুর মহাকিন িাবায িীভান্ত মিৌযফ ভৃণার হ তফতজতফ িদযদপ্তয,
(িতম্মতরত প্রয়াি) ত঩রখানা
ভুতজফনিয তানবীয তফয ভুতজফনিয, অ঩যাকজয়’৭১ বাধীন মচৌধুযী ঠাকুযিাাঁও
স্মৃততকিৌধ মভকহয঩ুয
বাধীনতা িিংরাভ ঱াভীভ ত঱ দায ঢা া তফশ্বতফদযারয় স্ফুতরঙ্গ ন কুভায ঩াঠ যাজ঱াহী তফশ্বতফদযারয়
তফজকয়াল্লাি ঱াভীভ ত঱ দায আকনায়ায ঩া঱া প্রতযয়’৭১ ভৃণার হ ভাওরানা বািানী তফজ্ঞান
বফন, ঢা: তফ: ও প্রমুতি তফশ্বতফদযারয়
ফুতিজীফী মভাস্তপা হারুণ তভয঩ুয, ঢা া ex‡ii ‡Mvwe›` cvj, Wvwg fvUviv, XvKv
bvivqY cvj Ges
স্মৃততকিৌধ কুদ্দুি তহতর cÖZ¨veZ©b my`xß gwjøK myB‡Wb
`yR©q g„Yvj nK ivRvievM cywjk A½xKvi‣mq` Ave`yjøvn Pvu`cyi
jvBb, XvKv Lv‡j`
 fv¯‥i g„Yvj nK g„ZzëiY K‡ib— 22 AvM÷, 2020 wLª÷v‡ã| wZwb XvKvi ivRwmK I ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vj‡qi ‡Mv‡ìb
Rywejx UvIqvi fv¯‥‡h©i Rb¨ me©vwaK cwiwPZ|
 gyw³hy‡×i †cÖiYvq wbwg©Z cÖ_g fv¯‥h©— RvMÖZ †P․i½x|
 evsjv‡`‡ki me©e„nr fv¯‥h©— ¯^vaxbZv msMÖvg (XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi dzjvi †iv‡Wi moK Øx‡c Aew¯’Z)|
gyw³hy×wfwËK Pjw”PÎ
Pjw”PÎ cwiPvjK Pjw”PÎ cwiPvjK
Iiv 11 Rb (1972) Av¸‡bi cikgwb (1995)
ûgvqyb Avn‡g`
msMÖvg (1974) k¨vgj Qvqv
nv½i b`x †MÖ‡bW (1997) Pvlx bRiæj Bmjvg b`xi bvg gaygwZ
Zvbfxi †gvKv‡¤§j
‡g‡Ni c‡i †gN iv‡eqv
aªæeZviv Avgvi eÜz iv‡k`
‡gvi‡k`yj Bmjvg
ax‡i e‡n †gNbv (1973) ‡LjvNi
AvjgMxi Kwei
iƒcvjx •mKZ (1979) ‡Mwijv bvwmiæwÏb BDmyd ev”Py
Avevi †Zviv gvbyl n (1972) I Avgvi †`‡ki gvwU AbšÍ nxiv
Lvb AvZvDi ingvb
GLbI A‡bK ivZ (1997) i³v³ evsjv ggZvR Avjx
evNv evOvwj Avb›` Aiæ‡bv`‡qi AwMœ¯^vÿx myfvl `Ë
Rq evsjv dLiæj Avjg Avgvi Rb¥f~wg AvjgMxi KzgKzg
gvwUi gqbv Zv‡iK gvmy` RqhvÎv ‡Z․wKi Avn‡g`
gyw³hy×wfwËK Mvb
Mvb MxwZKvi myiKvi
me KUv Rvbvjv Lyj `vI bv bRiæj Bmjvg evey Avn‡g` BgwZqvR eyjeyj
cÖvmw½K Z_¨vewj :
 evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq e„ÿ— Avg MvQ|
 evsjv‡`‡ki iYm½x‡Zi iPwqZv I myiKvi— KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg| ivóªxq Abyôv‡b iYm½x‡Zi 21 PiY evRv‡bv nq|
 evsjv‡`‡ki evB‡i me©cÖ_g RvZxq cZvKv D‡Ëvjb Kiv nq— KjKvZv¯’ cvwK¯Ív‡bi †WcywU nvB Kwgk‡b|
 evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq cZvKvi i~cKvi— wPÎwkíx Kvgiæj nvmvb|
 RvZxq cZvKv †_‡K gvbwPÎ ev` †Ìqv nq— 1972 mv‡ji 4 Rvbyqvwi|
 RvZxq cZvKvi ‣`N¨© I cÖ‡¯’i AbycvZ— 10 t 6 ev 5 t 3 |
 ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡k RvZxq cZvKv cÖ_g D‡Ëvjb Kiv nq— 1972 mv‡ji 2 gvP©|
 evsjv‡`‡ki ivóªxq g‡bvMÖv‡gi wWRvBbvi— G Gb mvnv|
 ivóªxq Abyôv‡b RvZxq m½x‡Zi cÖ_g 4 jvBb evRv‡bv nq| ÔAvgvi †mvbvi evsjvÕ KweZvi cÖ_g 10 jvBb RvZxq m½xZ
wn‡m‡e M„nxZ nq— 1971 mv‡ji 3 gvP©| RvZxq m½x‡Zi Bs‡iwR Abyev`K— •mq` Avjx Avnmvb|
 evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq cÖZxK eënv‡ii AwaKvix— ivóªcwZ I cÖavbgš¿x|
AvšÍR©vwZK A½‡b evsjv‡`k

ms¯’v ev msMV‡bi bvg m`m¨c` jvf ms¯’v ev msMV‡bi bvg m`m¨c` jvf
KgbI‡qj_ 18 GwcÖj, 1972 Bmjvgx mn‡hvwMZv ms¯’v (OIC) 1974
wek^ ¯^v¯’¨ ms¯’v (WHO) 17 †g, 1972 FIFA 1974
IBRD 17 AvM÷, 1972 wek^ evwYR¨ ms¯’v (WTO) 1 Rvbyqvwi, 1995
IDA 17 AvM÷, 1972 RvwZmsN (UN) mn‡hvMx m`m¨ 17 A‡±vei, 1972
UNESCO 27 A‡±vei, 1972 RvwZmsN (UN) c~Y© m`m¨ 17 †m‡Þ¤î, 1974
‡RvU wbi‡cÿ Av‡›`vjb (NAM) 5 †m‡Þ¤î, 1973 AvšÍR©vwZK wµ‡KU KvDwÝj (ICC) 2000
Lv`¨ I K…wl ms¯’v (FAO) 12 b‡f¤î, 1973
Gkxq Dbœqb e¨vsK (ADB) 1973 AvšÍRv©wZK Awjw¤úK KwgwU 1980
 evsjv‡`k KgbI‡qj‡_i— 32Zg m`m¨| evsjv‡`k cÖ_g GB AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’vi m`m¨ nq|
 evsjv‡`k RvwZms‡Ni c~Y© m`m¨c` jvf K‡i— mvaviY cwil‡ì 29Zg Awa‡ek‡b|
 e½eÜz RvwZms‡N evsjv fvlY †`b— 25 †m‡Þ¤î, 1974 wLª÷vã| evsjv‡`k RvwZms‡Ni— 136Zg m`m¨|
 1986 mv‡j AbywôZ RvwZmsN mvaviY cwil‡ì 41Zg Awa‡ek‡b mfvcwZ wbe©vwPZ nb— evsjv‡`‡ki ûgvqyb ikx`
†P․ayix| wZwb RvwZmsN mvaviY cwil‡ì cÖ_g evsjv‡`wk mfvcwZ|
 G ch©šÍ 2 evi wbivcËv cwil‡ì A¯’vqx m`m¨c` jvf K‡i— K. 1979-1980 mv‡j Ges L. 2000-2001 mv‡j|
 1974 mv‡ji 17 †m‡Þ¤î evsjv‡`‡ki m‡½ RvwZms‡Ni m`m¨ c` jvf K‡i— MÖvbvWv I wMwb wemvD|
cÖkœ mgvavb
01. evsjvi me©cÖvPxb Rbc‡ì bvg Kx? [41Zg wewmGm]
(K) cyÐª (L) Zv¤ªwjwß (M) †M․o (N) nwi‡Kj DËi: K
02. HwZnvwmK ÔQq `dv `vwe‡ZÕ †h welqwU AšÍf©y³ wQj bv—— [41Zg wewmGm]
(K) kvmbZvwš¿K KvVv‡gv (L) †K›`ªxq miKv‡ii ÿgZv (M) ¯^Zš¿ gy`ªv eë¯’v (N) wePvi eë¯’v DËi: N
03. Ôgvrm¨b¨vqÕ evsjvi †Kvb mgqKvj‡K wb‡`©k K‡i? [41Zg wewmGm]
(K) 5g-6ô kZK (L) 6ô-7g kZK (M) 7g-8g kZK (N) 8g-9g kZK DËi: M
04. evsjvi †Kvb myjZv‡bi kvmbvgj‡K ¯^Y©hyM ejv nq? [41Zg wewmGm]
(K) kvgmyÏxb Bwjqvm kvn (L) bvwmiæÏxb gvngy` kvn (M) AvjvDwÏb †nv‡mb kvn (N) wMqvmDwÏb AvRg kvn DËi: M
05. Awef³ evsjvi me©cÖ_g ivRv Kv‡K ejv nq? [41Zg wewmGm]
(K) A‡kvK (L) kkv¼ (M) †gM`v (N) ag©cvj DËi: L
06. XvKv kn‡ii †MvovcËb nq- 41Zg wewmGm]
(K) weªwUk Avg‡j (L) myjvZwb Avg‡j (M) gyNj Avg‡j (N) ¯^vaxb bevex Avg‡j DËi: M
07. XvKv wek^we`¨vjq cÖwZôvq ‡K AMÖYx f~wgKv cvjb K‡ib? [41Zg wewmGm]
Bb‡mckb I‡qe/A¨v‡ci cixÿv_©x‡ì Rb¨ # 28 # evsjv‡`k welqvewj
(K) bIqve Avãyj jwZd (L) m¨vi •mq` Avng` (M) bIqve m¨vi mwjgyjøvn (N) LvRv bvwRgywÏb DËi: M
08. fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi mgq cvwK¯Ív‡bi cÖavbgš¿x †K wQ‡jb? [41Zg wewmGm]
(K) LvRv bvwRgDÏxb (L) byiæj Avwgb (M) wjqvKZ Avjx Lvb (N) †gvnv¤§` Avjx wRbœvn DËi: K
09. evsjvq †mb es‡ki (1070-1230 wLª÷vã) †kl kvmbKZ©v †K wQ‡jb? [41Zg wewmGm]
(K) †ngšÍ †mb (L) ejøvj †mb (M) jÿY †mb (N) ‡Kke †mb DËi: N
10. KvMgvix m‡¤§jb AbywôZ nq- [41Zg wewmGm]
(K) †ivR Mv‡W©‡b (L) wmivRM‡Ä (M) m‡šÍv‡l (N) mybvgM‡Ä DËi: M
11. gyw³hy×Kv‡j †KvjKvZvi 8, w_‡qUvi †iv‡W Ôevsjv‡`k evwnbxÕ KLb MVb Kiv nq? [41Zg wewmGm]
(K) GwcÖj 10, 1971 (L) GwcÖj 11, 1971 (M) GwcÖj 12, 1971 (N) GwcÖj 13, 1971 DËi : M
12. e½f½ i` †K †NvlYv K‡ib? [41Zg wewmGm]
(K) jW© KvR©b (L) ivRv cÂg RR© (M) jW© gvD›Ue¨v‡Ub (N) jW© Iqv‡fj DËi: L
13. eZ©gv‡b e„nËg XvKv †Rjv cÖvPxbKv‡j †Kvb Rbc‡ì AšÍf©y&³ wQj? (24Zg wewmGm - evwZj)
K. mgZU L. cyÐª M. e½ N. nwi‡Kj DËi : M
14. ivRkvnxi DËivsk, e¸ovi cwðgvsk, iscyi I w`bvRcy‡ii wKQz Ask wb‡q MwVZ (19Zg wewmGm)
K. cjj MwVZ mgf~wg L. e‡i›`ªf~wg M. DËie½ N. gnv¯’vbMo DËi : L
15. cÖvPxb ÔP›`ªØxcÕ Gi eZ©gvb bvg – (11Zg I 30Zg wewmGm)
K. gvjØxc L. m›Øxc M. ewikvj N. nvwZqv DËi : M
16. evsjvq gymwjg kvmb (AvwacZ¨ we¯Ív‡ii) m~Pbv K‡ib– (24Zg evwZj wewmGm)
K. Avjx g`©vb LjRx L. ZzNwij Lvb
M. mvgQzwÏb wd‡ivR N. BLwZqvi DwÏb †gvnv¤§` web eLwZqvi LjwR DËi : N
17. BLwZqvi DwÏb ‡gvnv¤§` eLwZqvi LjRx evsjv Rq K‡ib ‡Kvb mv‡j? (30Zg wewmGm)
K. 1212 L. 1200 M. 1204 N. 1211 DËi : M
18. myjZvwb Avg‡j evsjvi ivRavbx bvg wK? (29Zg wewmGm)
K. †mvbviMvuI L. Rvnv½xibMi M. XvKv N. †M․o DËi: N
19. Be‡b eZzZv Kvi kvmbvg‡j ‡mvbviMvuI Av‡mb? (25Zg Zg wewmGm)
K. kvgmywÏb wd‡ivR kvn L. nvRx Bwjqvm kvn M. ûmvBb kvn N. dLiæwÏb gyeviK kvn DËi : N
20. ‡Kvb kvm‡Ki mgq †_‡K mgMÖ evsjv fvlvfvlx AÂj cwiwPZ n‡q D‡V Ôev½vjvnÕ bv‡g? (12Zg wewmGm)
K. dLiæwÏb †gveviK kvn L. kvgmywÏb Bwjqvm kvn M. AvKei N. Ckv Lvb DËi : L
21. Biv‡bi Kwe nvwd‡Ri mv‡_ cÎvjvc n‡qwQj evsjvi ‡Kvb myjZv‡bi? (24Zg evwZj wewmGm)
K. wMqvmDwÏb AvRg kvn L. AvjvDwÏb û‡mb kvn M. dLiæwÏb †gveviK kvn N. mvZ M¤^yR gmwR` DËi : K
22. ev‡Minv‡U Lvb Rvnvb Avjxi cÖwZwôZ gmwR`wU KZ M¤^yR wewkó? (19Zg wewmGm)
K. Avwk L. GKvwk M. lvU N. †P․lwÆ DËi : L
23. evsjv‡`‡ki me‡P‡q eo ga¨hyMxq gmwR` †KvbwU? (24Zg wewmGm wcÖwjwgbvwi- evwZj)
K. Kzmy¤^v gmwR` L. eo †mvbv gmwR` M. lvU M¤^yR gmwR` N. mvZ M¤^yR gmwR` DËi: M
24. AvjvDwÏb û‡mb kvn KLb e„nËi evsjv kvmb K‡ib? (40Zg wewmGm)
K. 1498-1516 wLª. L. 1498-1517 wLª. M. 1498-1518 wLª. N. 1498-1519 wLª. DËi N
25. ‡M․‡oi ‡mvbv gmwR` Kvi Avg‡j wbwg©Z nq? (29Zg wewmGm)
K. dLiæwÏb †gveviK kvn L. †nv‡mb kvn M. kv‡q¯Ív Lvu N. Cmv Lvu DËi : L
26. ‡gvNj mgªvU‡ì gv‡S ‡K cª_g AvZ¥Rxebx wj‡LwQ‡jb? (38Zg wewmGm)
K. AvKei K. evei M. kvnRvnvb N. ûgvqyb DËi : L
27. ‡Kvb gyNj mgªvU evsjvi bvg ‡`b RvbœvZvev`? (10g wewmGm)
K. evei L. ûgvqyb M. AvKei N. Rvnv½xi DËi : L
28. ‡K evsjv mb MYbv ïiæ K‡ib? (10g, 26Zg I 31Zg wewmGm)
K. j²Y †mb L. Bwjqvm kvn M. weRq †mb N. AvKei DËi : N
29. evsjv (‡`k I fvlv) bv‡gi DrcwË welqwU ‡Kvb Mª‡š’ me©vwaK D‡jøwLZ n‡q‡Q? (36Zg wewmGm)
K. AvjgMxibvgv L. AvBb-B-AvKeix M. AvKeibvgv N. ZzRyK-B-AvKeix DËi : L
30. ‡Kvb bMix gyNj Avg‡j myev bv‡g cwiwPZ wQj? (16Zg wewmGm)
K. †M․o L. †mvbviMvuI M. XvKv N. ûMwj DËi : M
31. XvKvq evsjvi ivRavbx ¯’vc‡bi mgq gyNj my‡e`vi †K wQj? (26Zg wewmGm)
K. Bmjvg Lvb L. Beªvnxg Lvb M. kv‡q¯Ív Lvb N. gxi Rygjv DËi : K
32. XvKv me©cª_g evsjvi ivRavbx n‡qwQj? (10, 21, 24, 28 Zg wewmGm)
K. 1610 mv‡j L. 1576 mv‡j M. 1905 mv‡j N. 1947 mv‡j DËi : K
33. ‡K evsjvi ivRavbx XvKv †_‡K gywk©`vev‡` ¯’vbvšÍi K‡ib? (15Zg wewmGm)
K. beve wmivRD‡Ï․jv L. beve gywk©`Kzwj Lvu M. myev`vi Bmjvg Lvb N. myev`vi kv‡q¯Ív Lvb DËi : L
34. XvKvi Ô‡avjvB LvjÕ †K Lbb K‡ib? (36Zg wewmGm)
K. cwiwewe L. Bmjvg Lvb M. kv‡q¯Ív Lvb N. Ckv Lvb DËi : L
35. XvKvi †QvU KvUiv I eo KvUiv †Kvb GjvKvq? (17Zg wewmGm)
K. PK evRv‡i L. mìNv‡U M. †cv¯Í‡Mvjvq N. k¨vgevRv‡i DËi : K
36. wewe cwi †K wQ‡jb? (24Zg wewmGm wcÖwjwgbvwi- evwZj)
K. AvIi½‡R‡ei Kb¨v L. kv‡q¯Ív Lv‡bi Kb¨v M. gywk©`Kzjx Lv‡bi ¯¿x N. AvRgymkv‡bi gvZv DËi : L
37. jvjevM `y‡M©i Af¨šÍ‡ii mgvwa‡Z mgvwnZ kv‡q¯Ív Lv‡bi GK Kb¨vi Avmj bvg (17Zg wewmGm)
K. wewe cwi L. Bivb `yL&Z ÔM. Rvnvbviv N. gwiqg DËi : L
38. XvKvq jvjev‡Mi `yM© wbg©vY K‡ib †K? (16Zg I 36Zg wewmGm)
K. kv‡q¯Ív Lvb L. kv‡q¯Ív Lvb M. gxi Rygjv N. my‡e`vi Bmjvg Lvb DËi : L
39. ‡Kvb gyNj my‡e`vi PÆMÖvg `Lj K‡i Gi bvg iv‡Lb Bmjvgvev`? (24Zg evwZj wewmGm)
K. Bmjvg Lvb L. ivRv gvbwmsn M. gxi Rygjv N. kv‡q¯Ív Lvb DËi : N
40. evsjvi cÖ_g ¯^vaxb beve †K? (37Zg wewmGm)
K. beve wmivRD‡Ï․jv L. gywk©` Kzjx Lvb M. Bwjqvm kvn N. AvjvDwÏb û‡mb kvn DËi : L
41. evsjvq BD‡ivcxq ewYK‡ì g‡a¨ cÖ_g evwY‡Rï D‡Ï‡k¨ cÖ_g G‡mwQ‡jb (10g I 16Zg wewmGm)
K. Bs‡iRiv L. Ij›`vRiv M. divmxiv N. cZz©wMRiv DËi : N
42. Bs‡iR B÷-BwÛqv †Kv¤úvwb KLb evsjv, wenvi I Dwol¨vi ‡Ìqvwb jvf K‡ib? (24Zg wewmGm- evwZj)
K. 1690 L. 1765 M. 1793 N. 1829 DËi : L
43. evsjvi ÔÔwQqvË‡ii gš^šÍiÕÕ Gi mgqKvj?
K. 1770 wLª÷vã L. 1760 wLª÷vã M. 1765 wLª÷vã N. 1756 wLª÷vã DËi : K
44. ÔwQqvË‡ii gš^šÍiÕ bvgK fqven `ywf©ÿ KZ mv‡j N‡U? (14Zg wewmGm)
K. evsjv 1076 mv‡j L. evsjv 1176 mv‡j M. evsjv 1376 mv‡j N. Bs‡iwR 1876 mv‡j DËi : L
45. Ôevsjvq wPi¯’vqx e‡›`ve¯ÍÕ cÖeZ©b Kiv nq KZ mv‡j? (10g I 34Zg wewmGm)
K. 1700 L. 1762 M. 1965 N. 1793 DËi : N
46. mZx`vn cÖ_v KZ mv‡j iwnZ nq? (22Zg wewmGm)
K. 1819 L. 1829 M. 1839 N. 1849 DËi: L
47. jW© K¨vwbs fviZxq Dcgnv‡`‡k cÖ_g †Kvb eë¯’v Pvjy K‡ib? (22Zg I 35Zg wewmGm)
K. wPi¯’vqx e‡›`ve¯Í eë¯’v L. mZx`vn wbeviY eë¯’v M. ‣ØZ kvmb eë¯’v N. cywjk eë¯’v DËi : N
48. Dcgnv‡`‡ki me©‡kl Mfb©i †Rbv‡ij †K wQ‡jb?
K. jW© wg‡›Uv L. jW© KvR©b M. jW© gvD›Ue¨v‡Ub N. jW© Iqv‡fj DËi : jW© K¨vwbs
49. c~e©e½ I Avmvg cÖ‡`k MVbKv‡j weªwUk fvi‡Zi Mfb©i †Rbv‡ij I fvBmiq wQ‡jb (29Zg I 37Zg wewmGm I 40Zg wewmGm)
K. jW© wicb L. jW© KvR©b M. jW© wg‡›Uv N. jW© nvwW©Ä DËi : L
50. 1905 mv‡j beMwVZ cÖ‡`‡ki cÖ_g †jd‡U‡b›U Mfb©i †K wQ‡jb? (15Zg wewmGm)
K. e¨vgwdì dzjvi L. jW© wg‡›Uv M. jW© KvR©b N. Iqv‡ib †nw÷sm DËi : K
51. e½f½ i` nq KZ mv‡j? (24Zg wewmGm wcÖwjwgbvwi- evwZj)
K. 1905 L. 1916 M. 1923 N. 1911 DËi : N
52. XvKv wek^we`¨vjq cÖwZwôZ nq †Kvb mv‡j? (22Zg wewmGm)
K. 1905 mv‡j L. 1911 mv‡j M. 1935 mv‡j N. 1921 mv‡j DËi : N
53. Dcgnv‡`‡ki g‡a¨ XvKv wek^we`¨vj‡qi cÖ_g fvBm P¨v‡Ýji (25Zg wewmGm)
K. W. i‡gkP›`ª gRyg`vi L. W. •mq` †gvqv‡¾g †nv‡mbM. W. gvngy` †nv‡mb N. m¨vi G. Gd ingvb DËi: N
54. evsjvq gymjgvb‡ì g‡a¨ AvaywbK wkÿv cÖPj‡b †K AMÖYx f~wgKv cvjb K‡ib? (24Zg wewmGm wcÖwjwgbvwi- evwZj)
K. ‣mq` Avwgi Avjx L. bIqve Avãyj jwZd M. bIqve m¨vi mwjgyjøvn N. m¨vi •mq` Avn‡g` Lvb DËi : L
55. weªwUk fvi‡Zi †kl fvBmiq †K? (29Zg wewmGm)
K. jW© Iqv‡fj L. jW© KvR©b M. jW© †ew›UK N. jW© gvD›Ue¨v‡Ub DËi : N
56. evsjvq div‡qRx Av‡›`vj‡bi D‡`¨v³v †K wQ‡jb? A_ev, div‡qRx Av‡›`vj‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ ‡K wQ‡jb? (15Zg, 21Zg I 24Zg
wewmGm wcÖwjwgbvwi- evwZj)
K. gvIjvbv †KivgZ Avjx L. kvn IwjDjøvn M. nvRx kwiqZyjøvn N. cxi gnmxbywÏb DËi : M
57. Rwg †_‡K LvRbv Av`vq Avjøvni AvB‡bi cwicš’x GwU Kvi †jLv? (14Zg wewmGm)
K. wZZzgxi L. dwKi gRby kvn M. `y`y wgqv N. nvRx kwiqZDjøvn DËi : M
58. Awef³ evsjvi †kl gyL¨gš¿x †K wQ‡jb? (24Zg wewmGm wcÖwjwgbvwi- evwZj)
K. †nv‡mb knx` †mvnivIqv`x L. G †K dRjyj nK M. LvRv bvwRgDÏxb N. Aveyj nv‡mg DËi : K
59. 1952 mv‡ji ZrKvjxb fvlv Av‡›`vjb wK‡mi Rb¥ w`‡qwQj? (14Zg wewmGm)
K. GK ivR‣bwZK gZev‡ì L. GK mvs¯‥…wZK Av‡›`vj‡bi
M. GK bZzb RvZxq †PZbvi N. GK bZzb mgvR eë¯’vi DËi: M
60. wK‡mi wfwË‡Z c~e© evsjvq fvlv Av‡›`vjb n‡qwQj? (38Zg wewmGm)
K. wØ-RvwZ ZË¡ L. mvgvwRK †PZbv M. Am¤úª`vwqKZv N. evOvwj RvZxqZvev` DËi : N
61. cvwK¯Ív‡bi MYcwil‡ì Awa‡ek‡b evsjv‡K ivóªfvlv Kivi cÖ_g `vex †K DÌvcb K‡ib?/ cvwK¯Ív‡bi kvmbZvwš¿K
cwil‡ì (Constituent Assembly) aviv weeiYx‡Z evsjv fvlv eënv‡ii `vwe cÖ_g †K K‡iwQ‡jb? (35Zg wewmGm I
24Zg wewmGm evwZj)
K. Avãyj gwZb L. †k‡i evsjv G ‡K dRjyj nK
M. ax‡i›`ªbv_ `Ë N. †nv‡mb knx` †mvnivIqv`©x| DËi: M
62. Ôme©`jxq †K›`ªxq ivóªfvlv msMÖvg cwil`Õ MwVZ nq (36Zg wewmGm)
K. 31 Rvbyqvwi, 1952 L. 2 †deªæqvwi, 1952 M. 18 †deªæqvwi, 1952 N. 20 Rvbyqvwi, 1952 DËi: K
63. fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi mgq cvwK¯Ív‡bi cÖavbgš¿x †K wQ‡jb?
K. LvRv bvwRg DwÏb L. byiæj Avwgb M. wjqvKZ Avjx Lvb N. gynv¤§` Avjx wRbœvn DËi : K
64. ‡K›`ªxq knx` wgbv‡ii ¯’cwZ †K? (27Zg wewmGm)
K. Zvbwei Kwei L. nvwg`yi ingvb M. nvwg`y¾vgvb N. A¯‥vq ev`j DËi : L
65. ¯^vaxbZvi ci cÖ_g WvKwU‡K‡U †Kvb Qwe wQj? (24Zg wewmGm)
K. RvZxq ¯§„wZ‡m․a L. jvjev‡Mi †Kjøv M. †mvbv gmwR` N. knx` wgbvi DËi : N
66. evsjv fvlv‡K cvwK¯Ívb MYcwil` ‡Kvb Zvwi‡L Ab¨Zg ivóªfvlv ¯^xK…wZ †`q? (36Zg wewmGm)
K. 9 †g 1954 L. 22 †deªæqvwi 1953 M. 16 †deªæqvwi 1956 N. 21 †deªæqvwi 1952 DËi : K
67. wb‡¤œi †Kvb ms¯’vwU 21‡k †deªæqvwi‡K AvšÍR©vwZK gvZ…fvlv wèm wnmv‡e ¯^xK…wZ w`‡q‡Q?
K. UNDP L. UNESCO M. UNICEF N. UNCTAD DËi : L
68. 1954 mv‡j c~e© evsjv c«v‡`wkK wbe©vP‡b hy³ wQ‡jb bv - (38Zg wewmGm)
K. †k‡i evsjv G †K dRjyj nK L. †nv‡mb knx` †mvnivIqv`©x
M. gvIjvbv Ave`yj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbx N. beve m¨vi mwjgyjøvn DËi : N
69. HwZnvwmK 21 `dv `vexi cÖ_g `vexwU wK wQj? (20Zg, 21Zg I 28Zg wewmGm)
K. evsjv‡K Ab¨Zg ivóªfvlv L. cÖv‡`wkK ¯^vqËkvmb
M. c~e© evsjvi A_©‣bwZK •elg¨ `~ixKiY N. webv ÿwZc~i‡Y Rwg`vix D‡”Q` DËi: K
70. Qq `dv `vwe †Kv_vq DÌvwcZ nq? A_ev, Z`vbxšÍb c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi ¯^vqËkvm‡bi Rb¨ ZLbKvi we‡ivax `j¸‡jvi GK
m‡¤§j‡b e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb Qq-`dv `vwe †ck K‡ib| H m‡¤§jb †Kv_vq AbywôZ nq? (18Zg, 22Zg I 30Zg wewmGm)
K. XvKv L. jv‡nvi M. PÆMÖvg N. w`wjø DËi: L
71. Qq `dv `vex †ck Kiv nq - (36Zg wewmGm)
K. 1970 mv‡j L. 1966 mv‡j M. 1965 mv‡j N. 1969 mv‡j DËi : L
72. HwZnvwmK Qq `dv ‡NvlYv Kiv nq 1966 mv‡ji- (38Zg wewmGm)
K. †deªæqvwi‡Z L. †g gv‡m M. RyjvB gv‡m N. AvM‡÷ DËi : K
73. HwZnvwmK Qq `dv‡K wK‡mi mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv nq?
K. wej Ae ivBUm L. g¨vMbvKvU©v M. wcwUkb Ae ivBUm N. gyL¨ AvBb DËi : L
74. ‡K exi‡kÖô bb? [41Zg wewmGm]
(K) nvwg`yi ingvb (L) †gv¯Ídv Kvgvj (M) gyÝx Avãyi iwng (N) b~i †gvnv¤§` †kL D: M
75. ‡Kvb exi‡kÖ‡ôi †`nve‡kl evsjv‡`‡k G‡b exi‡kÖô gwZDi ingv‡bi Ke‡ii cv‡k mgvwnZ Kiv nq? [41Zg wewmGm]
(K) wmcvnx †gv¯Ídv Kvgvj (L) j¨vÝ bv‡qK gywÝ Ave`yi iDd
(M) j¨vÝ b~i †gvnv¤§` †kL (N) wmcvnx nvwg`yi ingvb D: N
76. gyw³hy×Kv‡j †KvjKvZvi 8, w_‡qUvi †iv‡W Ôevsjv‡`k evwnbxÕ KLb MVb Kiv nq? [41Zg wewmGm]
(K) GwcÖj 10, 1971 (L) GwcÖj 11, 1971
(M) GwcÖj 12, 1971 (N) GwcÖj 13, 1971 D.M
77. 1971 mv‡ji gyw³hy‡×i mgq RvwZms‡N †Kvb †`k evsjv‡`‡ki c‡ÿ †f‡Uv cÖ`vb K‡iwQj? (40Zg wewmGm)
K. hy³ivR¨ L. d«vÝ M. hy³ivóª N. †mvwf‡qZ BDwbqb DËi N
78. e½eÜzi HwZnvwmK 7-B gv‡P©i fvlY ‡Kvb Zdwm‡j AšÍfz©³ Kiv n‡q‡Q? (40Zg wewmGm)
K. PZz_© Zdwmj L. cÂg Zdwmj M. lô Zdwmj N. mßg Zdwmj DËi L
79. ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYvcÎ msweav‡bi KZ bs Zdwm‡j ms‡hvRb Kiv n‡q‡Q? (40Zg wewmGm)
K. PZz_© L. cÂg M. lô N. mßg DËi N
80. Let there be light weL¨vZ QwewUi cwiPvjbv K‡ib- (40Zg wewmGm)
K. AvgRv` †nv‡mb L. Rwni ivqnvb M. Lvb AvZvDi ingvb N. †kL ‡bqvgZ Avjx DËi L
81. ÔRxeb †_‡K †bqvÕ Pjw”PÎ cwiPvjK †K? [39Zg wewmGm]
K. AvjgMxi L. Rwni ivqnvb M. myfvl `Ë N. AvgRv` †nv‡mb DËi: L
82. gywRebMi miKvi MwVZ nq- [39Zg wewmGm]
K. 10B GwcÖj, 1971 L. 14B GwcÖj, 1971 M. 17B GwcÖj, 1971 N. 12B GwcÖj, 1971 DËi : K
83. gyw³hy‡×i mgq †b․ KgvÛ MwVZ nq KZ bs †m±i wb‡q? [39Zg wewmGm]
K. 11 bs †m±i L. 8 bs †m±i M. 9 bs †m±i N. 10 bs †m±i DËi : N
84. 1971 mv‡j gyw³hy‡×i kyiæ‡Z e½eÜz m¤ú‡K© GK e¨w³ GK `‡¤¢vw³ K‡i, hv e‡jwQj wb¤œiƒc t Ò‡jvKwU Ges Zvi `j
cvwK¯Ív‡bi kÎæ, Gevi Zviv kvw¯Í Gov‡Z cvi‡e bvÓ G `‡¤¢vw³Kvix e¨w³wU Kx?
K. †Rbv‡ij wbqvRx L. †Rbv‡ij wU°v Lvb M. †Rbv‡ij Bqvwnqv Lvb N. †Rbv‡ij nvwg` Lvb DËi : M
85. e½eÜzi 1971 mv‡ji 7 gvP© fvl‡Yi mgqKv‡j c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b †h Av‡›`vjb PjwQj †mwU n‡jv
K. Bmjvgvev‡ì mvgwiK miKvi c`Z¨v‡Mi Av‡›`vjb L. c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb
M. †cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqvi c`Z¨vM Av‡›`vjb N. gvk©vj ÔjÕ c`Z¨v‡Mi Av‡›`vjb DËi : L
86. evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq wèm K‡e? (26Zg wewmGm evwZj I 33Zg wewmGm)
K. 16B wW‡m¤î L. 7B gvP© M. 26‡k gvP© N. 17B GwcÖj DËi : M
87. 26 gvP© 1971 Gi ¯^vaxbZv †NvlYv e½eÜz Rvwi K‡ib (36Zg wewmGm)
K. †eZvi/‡iwWIi gva¨‡g L. Iqvi‡j‡mi gva¨‡g M. †UwjMªvg gva¨‡g N. †Uwjwfk‡bi gva¨‡gDËi : L
88. ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYvcÎ msweav‡bi KZ bs Zdwm‡j ms‡hvRb Kiv n‡q‡Q? (40Zg wewmGm)
K. PZz_© L. cÂg M. lô N. mßg DËi N
89. gywRebMi †Kvb †Rjvq Aew¯’Z? (20Zg I 33Zg wewmGm)
K. h‡kvi L. Kzwóqv M. †g‡nicyi N. PzqvWv½v DËi: M
90. 1971 m‡bi KZ Zvwi‡L gywRebM‡i ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki A¯’vqx miKvi MwVZ nq? A_ev, AvbyôvwbKfv‡e ¯^vaxbZvi
†NvlYvcÎ Rvwi Kiv nq K‡e? A_ev, gywRebM‡i †Kvb Zvwi‡L ¯^vaxbZv †NvlYv Kiv n‡qwQj? (14Zg, 22Zg I 34Zg wewmGm)
K. 7 gvP©, 1971 wLª. L. 26 gvP©, 1971 wLª. M. 10 GwcÖj, 1971 wLª. N. 16 wW‡m¤î, 1971 wLª. DËi-M
91. evsjv‡`k MYcÖRvZ‡š¿i †NvlYv n‡qwQj (10g wewmGm)
K. 17 GwcÖj, 1971 L. 26 gvP©, 1971 M. 11 GwcÖj, 1971 N. 10 Rvbyqvwi, 1972 DËi : K
92. evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy‡× me©vwabvqK †K wQ‡jb? (35Zg wewmGm)
K. e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb L. †Rbv‡ij Gg. G. wR Imgvbx
M. K‡b©j kwdDjøvn N. †gRi wRqvDi ingvb DËi: K
93. ÔAmgvß AvZ¥RxebxÕ Kvi iwPZ MÖš’? (35Zg wewmGm)
K. e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb L. gIjvbv Ave`yj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbx
M. †kL nvwmbv N. G. †K dRjyj nK DËi: K
94. gywRebMi miKv‡ii ÎvY Ges cybe©vmb gš¿x ‡K wQ‡jb? (38Zg wewmGm)
K. K¨v‡Þb Gg gbmyi Avjx L. ZvRDwÏb Avn‡g`
M. G. GBP. Gg. Kvgiæ¾vgvb N. L›`Kvi †gv¯ÍvK Avn‡g` DËi : M
95. evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g cÖavb †mbvcwZ †K? (29Zg I 33Zg wewmGm)
K. †g. †R. wRqvDi ingvb L. †g. †R. kwdDjøv
M. †j. †R. GBP. Gg Gikv` N. †R. AvZvDj MwY Imgvbx DËi : N
96. evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g ivóªcwZi bvg wK? (29Zg wewmGm)
K. •mq` bRiæj Bmjvg L. ZvRDwÏb Avng` M. †kL gywReyi ingvb N. K¨v‡Þb gybmyi Avjx DËi : M
97. gyw³hy×Kv‡j evsjv‡`k‡K KqwU †m±‡i fvM Kiv nq? (15Zg, 20Zg I 22Zg wewmGm)
K. AvU L. `k M. GMvi N. c‡bi DËi : M
98. evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy‡×i mgq XvKv KZ bs †m±‡i wQj?
K. `yB bs L. wZb bs M. Pvi bs N. GK bs DËi: K
99. evsjv‡`‡k knx` eyw×Rxex wèm cvwjZ nq (11Zg wewmGm I 19Zg wewmGm)
K. 26 gvP© L. 16 wW‡m¤î M. 21 †deªæqvwi N. 14 wW‡m¤î DËi : N
100. gyw³hy×Kvjxb †Kvb Zvwi‡L eyw×Rxex‡ì Ici e¨vcK nZ¨vKvÐ msNwUZ nq? (36Zg wewmGm)
K. 25 gvP© 1971 L. 26 gvP© 1971 M. 14 wW‡m¤î 1971 N. 16 wW‡m¤î 1971 DËi: M
101. gyw³hy‡×i weR‡qi w`b AvZ¥mgc©Y Abyôv‡b evsjv‡`‡ki c‡ÿ cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡ib †K? (22Zg wewmGm)
K. †Rbv‡ij †gvnv¤§` AvZvDj MwY Imgvbx L. MÖæc K¨v‡Þb G †K L›`Kvi
M. d¬vBU †jd‡Ub¨v›U gwZDi ingvb N. K¨v‡Þb gwnDwÏb Rvnv½xi DËi : L
102. 1971 mv‡ji 16 wW‡m¤î cvwK¯Ívwb evwnbx XvKvi †Kv_vq AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡ib? (20Zg wewmGm)
K. igbv cv‡K© L. cëb gq`v‡b M. ZrKvjxb †im‡Kvm© gq`v‡bN. XvKv K¨v›Ub‡g‡›U DËi : M
103. evsjv‡`‡k gh©v`v Abymv‡i 3q exiZ¡m~PK †LZve (37Zg wewmGm)
K. exi cÖZxK L. exi‡kÖô M. exi DËg N. exi weµg DËi : N
104. gyw³hy‡×i exi‡Z¡i Rb¨ KqRb‡K m‡e©v”P m¤§vb ÔÔexi‡kÖôÕÕ †LZve †`qv nq? (18Zg wewmGm)
K. 9 Rb L. 7 Rb M. 8 Rb N. 10 Rb DËi : L
105. evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× exiZ¡c~Y© Ae`v‡bi Rb¨ KZ Rb‡K exi DËg Dcvwa‡Z f~wlZ Kiv nq (20Zg wewmGm)
K. 257 Rb L. 163 Rb M. 44 Rb N. 68 Rb DËi : N
106. ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× Ae`v‡bi Rb¨ KZRb gwnjv‡K exicÖZxK Dcvwa‡Z f~wlZ Kiv nq – (27Zg wewmGm)
K. 5 Rb L. 7 Rb M. 2 Rb N. 6 Rb DËi : M
107. ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× Ae`v‡bi Rb¨ ÔexicÖZxKÕ Dcvwa jvf K‡i KZRb? (27Zg wewmGm)
K. 7 Rb L. 68 Rb M. 175 Rb N. 426 Rb DËi : N
108. exi‡kÖô K¨v‡Þb gwnDwÏb Rvnv½xi Gi Kei †Kvb †Rjvq? (24Zg wewmGm)
K. bv‡Uvi L. PvucvBbeveMÄ M. RqcyinvU N. bIMvu DËi : L
109. evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^vaxb †`k wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…wZ `vbKvix wØZxq †`‡ki bvg
K. fviZ L. ivwkqv M. fzUvb N. †bcvj DËi : K
110. ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`k‡K gvwK©b hy³ivóª ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vb K‡i
K. 4 †deªæqvwi, 1972 L. 24 Rvbyqvwi, 1972 M. 16 wW‡m¤î, 1972 N. 4 GwcÖj, 1972 DËi : N
111. evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ`vbKvix cÖ_g Abvie gymwjg †`k †KvbwU? (37Zg wewmGm)
K. B‡›`v‡bwkqv L. gvj‡qwkqv M. gvjØxc N. cvwK¯Ívb DËi : L
112. ‡Kvb Avie †`k evsjv‡`k‡K cÖ_g ¯^xK…wZ †`q? (22Zg wewmGm)
K. BivK L. wgki M. Kz‡qZ N. RW©vb DËi : K
113. evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ `vbKvix cÖ_g BD‡ivcxq †`k BD‡ivcxq †`k †KvbwU?
K. hy³ivR¨ L. c~e© Rvg©vwb M. †¯úb N. wMÖm DËi : L
114. evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy‡×i cUf~wgKvq wbwg©Z Ôax‡i e‡n †gNbvÕ Pjw”P‡Îi wbg©vZv †K? (37Zg wewmGm)
K. AvjgMxi Kwei L. Lvb AvZvDi ingvb M. ûgvqb Avn‡g` N. myfvm `Ë DËi : K
115. ÔRxebXzjx wK? (35Zg wewmGm)
K. GKwU AvZ¥Rxebxi bvg L. GKwU Dcb¨v‡mi bvg
M. GKwU Kve¨MÖ‡š’i bvg N. GKwU Pjw”P‡Îi bvg DËi: N
116. 1974 mv‡ji 17 †m‡Þ¤î evsjv‡`‡ki m‡½ Avi †Kvb †`k¸‡jv RvwZms‡Ni m`m¨ c` jvf K‡i? [evsjv‡`k ‡emvgwiK wegvb PjvPj
KZ©„cÿ (wmwbqi Awdmvi) : 2021]
K. MÖvbvWv I bvDiæ L. wdwR I wMwb wemvD
M. bvDiæ I wdwR N. MÖvbvWv I wMwb wemvD DËi : N

FVM©B: WW M I, 2021 WL . U÷-29 WM Jevm: CVWK Ívb Avgj

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Bb‡mckb I‡qe/A¨v‡ci cixÿv_©x‡`i Rb¨ # 1 # evsjv‡`k welqvewj # †U÷-29

fvm©b : wW‡m¤^i, 2021 wLª.

fvlv Av‡›`vjb ‡_‡K 1970 mv‡ji wbe©vPb, Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb

o MwVZ nq—1947 mv‡ji 2 ‡m‡Þ¤^i| o GB msMVbwU evsjv‡K cvwK¯Ív‡bi Ab¨Zg

22 †deªæqvwi, 1952 wLª÷vã

ivóªfvlv I AvšÍR©vwZK gvZ…fvlv w`em wnmv‡e ¯^xK…wZ

cÖfvZ †dwii Mvb

GKzk wb‡q iwPZ

1954 mv‡ji wbe©vPb

1966 mv‡ji Qq `dv Av‡›`vjb

1970 mv‡ji wbe©vPb

Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vj‡bi P~ovšÍ ch©vq

7B gv‡P©i HwZnvwmK fvlY

e½eÜz 7B gv‡P©i fvl‡Yi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Dw³

msweav‡bi 150(2) Aby‡”Q‡`i lô Zdwmj

¯^vaxb evsjv †eZvi †K›`ª

iscyi I wm‡j‡Ui cwðgvÂj

gyw³evwnbx I wgÎevwnbxi †h․_ Awfhvb

¯^vaxb evsjv dzUej `j

Zvivgb wewe (1957-2018) I †di‡`Šmx wcÖqfvwmbx (1947-2018)

gyw³hy‡× we‡`wk eÜziv

A¨v‡jb wMÝevM© mvBgb wWªs

gyw³hy‡× e„nr kw³e‡M©i f~wgKv

gyw³hy‡×i mgq wek^ †bZ…e„›`

gyw³hy×Kvjxb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Acv‡ikbmg~n

AvšÍR©vwZK A½‡b evsjv‡`k

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