MODULO 5

MI VIDA EN
OTRA LENGUA
Alphabet
 Pronouns
Personal / Demostrative / Possesive
Personal Pronouns (Pronombres Personales)
Personal Pronouns (Pronombres Personales)

1. John is a Doctor He is a doctor; where John is substitued by He

2. The laptop It is on the desk; where The Laptop is substituted by It

 Verb to Do
The verb "to do" is a very special verb. This verb is
translated as "hacer" and it obeys the simple
present tense rule of adding "es" when conjugated
on third person singular (He, She and It).
 The "to do" verb, also is used as an auxiliary verb.
Auxiliary verb are function words that are used to add the
functional or grammatical content to the information
expressed by another verb.

Auxiliary verbs are also called helping verbs. In this case,

the verb "to do" is not translated and it´s use when

Questions (present and past)

Negative (present and past)
I
Have: I / You / We / They.
Has: He / She / It
Likes and dislikes.
Body Parts
Adverbs of time (Connectors)
These words are called connectors, as they help you
connect your ideas and clarify which vision comes first.

They make you discourse easier to understand

 They can be divided into
Introduction of ideas: First

Sequencing different
actions: later, then, after
or after that

Conclusion: Finally
When you use connectors, you have to consider two things
You usually write them at the beginning of the sentence/paragraph.
They are always followed by commas.

Example
Every day I do many things.
First, I get up. I have breakfast.
After that, I go for a walk.
Later, I go to the store to buy
my favorite lunch meat. When I
get home. I make my favorite
kind of soup. Finally, I sit
down to enjoy my soup.
 Indefinite Articles
In general, the article a/an is used when we don´t
specify the things or people we are talking about, is
for this reason why are called "indefinite articles"

I met an engineer
I in a factory in New York
I borrowed a pencil from a passenger sitting next to me
 Article "a"
When the following Examples
word starts with a a banana
consonant sound. a man
a book
Article "an"
When the following Examples
word starts with a an apple
vocal sound an old man
an hour
Definite Article "The"
The article "The" is called definite
because it is used when referring

to specific nouns regardless if

they are singular or plural. The
object noun is known by both
parts, the person that is speaking
an the person that is listening
 Article "The"
Explanation
The "The" is used to refer to
(el, los, la las)
specific nouns "singular
and plural)
Exceptions
We use articles when referring to
water bodies, oceans, and seas.

Don´t use articles when referring

to general things.

Do not use articles when referring

to food or places
Exceptions
We use articles when referring to
water bodies, oceans, and seas.

Don´t use articles when referring

to general things.

Do not use articles when referring

to food or places
 Exceptions
Do not use articles when referring
to: Countries, states, lakes, or
mountains unless the article is part
of the name: The United States of
America.
 Prepositions
In English grammar, a preposition is a word, which is used
before a noun, a noun phrase, or a pronoun, connecting it
to another word.

See the following examples.

We jumped in the lake "in" is the preposition

Many shops don´t open on Saturdays "on" is the preposition.
Some Prepositions of place...
 In the garden
(Dentro de en).
In We use in when there is a
delimited or closed area.
There is no one in the house
The milk is in the fridge
I live in New York

(En, sobre o encima)

We use on to
The image is on the wall
On
a) show that object is positioned on a
horizontal or vertical surface The cat is on the mat
b) communication media (newspaper,
I love traveling on metro
television, radio, etc.
c) showsome methods of traveling

(debajo) The coin is under the rug

Under When the object is

covered by another
The car is under the table
Next to (cerca de, al lado de)
Not far away in distance.
The boxes are
next to the closet
Some Prepositions of place...
Some Prepositions of place...
Some Prepositions of place...
Alejandro is at Home
At work
Prepositions of time
 Prepositions of time

AT: Traducción (en, a)

When use as a preposition of time it applies on...
a) Night
b) used to show an exact or a particular time.
 Prepositions of time
IN: Traducción (en)

When use as a preposition of time it applies on...

a) Months / seasons / years
b) morning / afternoon / evening
c) period of time
 Prepositions of time
Examples: I visit Italy in July, in the spring of 1994.
In the evenings. I like to relax
This is the first cigarette I have had in three years
In

On
Many shops on Saturdays
What did you do on past weekend?

It gets cold at night

There´s a meeting at 2:30 this afternoon
At lunch time.
At
 Prepositions of time
For (por) Since (desde)
Used to show an amount From a particular time in the past
of time until a later time, or until now.
 Prepositions of time
She suffered depression since she was sixteen
We have been here since morning

I´m just going to bed for an hour or so

 There is / There are
"There is" and "There are", are
expressions that used to express the
among of things or people that are in
a certain place.

Both forms mean "hay", the difference

is that the first is used for the singular
and the second for the plural.
Examples
Singular
Affirmative: There is a bookstore in the museum.
Negative: There isn´t a bookstore in the museum.
Interrogative: Is there a bookstore in the museum?
Short answer: Yes, there is. / No there isn´t
Examples
Plural
Affirmative: There are two parks near the monument.
Negative: There aren´t two parks near the monument.
Interrogative: Are there two parks near the monument?
Short answer: Yes, there are. / No there aren´t
 Adjectives
In general, an adjective is a
word that modifies a noun or
a pronoun. Also, an adjective
may come before a noun or
after some verbs like be, feel,
seem and look.
Possessive Adjectives
Possessive adjectives: my, your,
his, her, its, our, your, and
their modify the noun following
it in order to show possession.
The possessive adjective do not
substitute nouns
Demonstrative Adjectives
A demonstrative adjective modifies a noun.
They are the same as Demonstratives
Pronouns but they are used differently;
demonstrative pronouns substitute nouns.

This modifies or refers to singular nouns that are near to the speaker.
That modifies or refers to singular nouns that are far from the speaker.
These modifies or refers to plural nouns that are near to the speaker
Those modifies or refers to plural nouns that are far from to the speaker.
 Other Adjectives
General
Beautiful - Hermoso Ugly - Feo
Pretty - Lindo Horrible - Horrible
Handsome - Guapo Dreadful - Espantoso
Sexy - Sexy
Popular - Popular
Cute - Lindo
Professional - Profesional
Good looking - Verse bien
Messy - Desordenado

Good - Bueno Bad - Malo

Other Adjectives
Height
Short - Bajo
Average height - Estatura promedio
Tall - Alto
 Other Adjectives
Build
Slim - Esbelto / Delgado.
Average Built - Cuerpo promedio
Muscular - Musculoso
Fat - Gordo
Overweight - Sobrepeso
 Other Adjectives
Age

Child - Niño
Young - Joven
Mature - Adulto
Old - Adulto mayor
 Other Adjectives
Hair

Blond - Rubio
Brunette - Moreno
Red Hair - Rojizo/Pelirojo
Bald - Calvo
 Other Adjectives
Gender

Male - Hombre
Female - Mujer
 Other Adjectives
Sex

Woman - Mujer
Man - Hombre
Girl - Niña
Boy - Niño
 Other Adjectives
Pleasant feelings
Happy - Feliz Alive - Vivo
Merry - Feliz/Alegre Vital - Vital
Glad - Contento Active - Activo
Pleased - Contento Cheerful - Alegre
Joyful - Muy alegre Jolly - Jovial
Delighted -Encantado Ecstatic - Euforico
Energetic - Energetico Relaxed - Relajado
at ease - estar comodo
 Other Adjectives
Pleasant feelings

Peaceful - Tranquilo
Calm - Calma
Easy - Facil
Fantastic - Fantastico
 Other Adjectives
Unpleasant feelings
Sad - Triste Weak - Debil
Unhappy - Infeliz Fatigued -
Fatigado
Lonely - Solitario Annoyed - Molesto
Depressed - Deprimido Irritated - Irritado
Afflicted - Afiligido Upset - Disgustado
Angry - Enojado Nervous - Nervioso
Tired - Cansado Uneasy- Inquieto
Sleepy - Somnoliento Afraid - Temeroso
Fearful - Temeroso Worried - Preocupado
 Other Adjectives
Weight

Light - Ligero
Heavy - Pesado
 Other Adjectives
Size

Small - Pequeño
Little - Pequeño
Tiny - Diminuto
Thin - Delgado
Short - Corto
 Other Adjectives
Shape

Rectangular
Triangular
Round
Cylindrical
 Other Adjectives
Material
Metal - Metalico
Wood - Madera
Plastic - Plastico
Leather - Cuero / Piel
Cotton - Algodón
Paper - Papel
Glass - Vidrio
 Other Adjectives
Color
White
Red
Blue
Block
Purple
Etc