Solving System of Linear Equations by Substitution Method

Created by: John Albert Borlagdatan Buenaventura

Example #1
𝐸𝑞. 1 𝑥+𝑦 =8
Created by: John Albert Borlagdatan Buenaventura

𝐸𝑞. 2 𝑦 = 3𝑥
Find the
value of
the 𝐸𝑞. 1 𝑥+𝑦 =8 Substitute the value of the variable y (Eq. 2) to x + y =8
variable
x 𝑥 + (3𝑥) = 8 Combine Like Terms

Divide both sides by 4 (DPE) to make 4x become 1x

4𝑥 = 8
4𝑥 8 Note:
= 4 divided by 4 equals to 1, and 8 divided by 4 equals 2
4 4
1𝑥 = 2 1x = x

If x = 2 , substitute it to Eq. 2 to get the exact value of the

𝑥=2 variable y.
 Find the
value of
𝑥=2
the
variable
y 𝐸𝑞. 2 𝑦 = 3𝑥 Substitute the value of the variable x to y = 3x
Created by: John Albert Borlagdatan Buenaventura

𝑦 = 3(2) 3 multiply to 2 = 6

𝑦=6
If x = 2 , then y = 6 , therefore the solution of the given
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛: ( 2 , 6 ) system of linear equations is ( 2, 6)

Checking:

𝐸𝑞. 1 𝑥+𝑦 =8 𝐸𝑞. 2 𝑦 = 3𝑥

(2) + (6) = 8 6 = 3(2)
8=8 𝑇𝑟𝑢𝑒 6 = 6 𝑇𝑟𝑢𝑒
Example #2
𝐸𝑞. 1
4𝑥 − 𝑦 = 5
Created by: John Albert Borlagdatan Buenaventura

𝐸𝑞. 2 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 7
Find the 𝐸𝑞. 2 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 7 Use the Equation 2 to make Eq.3 by adding both sides -2x
value of
the
variable
2𝑥 + −2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 7 + −2𝑥
x Rule of Sign for Multiplication: ( + )( - ) = ( - )
𝑦 = 7 + −2𝑥
Substitute the value of the variable y to Equation 1
𝐸𝑞. 3 𝑦 = 7 − 2𝑥
4𝑥 − 𝑦 = 5
𝐸𝑞. 1
-1 multiply to ( 7 -2x )

4𝑥 − (7 − 2𝑥) = 5
Combine Like terms 4x + 2x = 6x
4𝑥 − 7 + 2𝑥 = 5
 −7 + 6𝑥 = 5 Add both sides by 7 (APE)

−7 + 7 + 6𝑥 = 5 + 7 -7 + 7 = 0 and 5 + 7 = 12
Created by: John Albert Borlagdatan Buenaventura

6𝑥 = 12 Divide both sides by 6 (DPE) to make 6x become 1x

6𝑥 12
= Note:
6 6 6x divided by 6 equals to 1x, and 12 divided by 6 equals to 2

1𝑥 = 2 1x =x

𝑥=2 If x = 1 , substitute it to Eq. 3 to get the exact value of the

variable y.

Find the
value of
𝐸𝑞. 3 𝑦 = 7 − 2𝑥
the
variable
𝑦 = 7 − 2(2) 2(2) = 4
y
𝑦 =7−4 7-4 =3

𝑦=3
 If x = 2 , then y = 3 , therefore the solution of the given
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛: ( 2 , 3 ) system of linear equations is ( 2, 3)
Created by: John Albert Borlagdatan Buenaventura

Checking:

𝐸𝑞. 1 4𝑥 − 𝑦 = 5 𝐸𝑞. 2 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 7
4(2) − (3) = 5 2 2 + (3) = 7

8− 3=5 4+3 =7

5=5 7=7
𝑇𝑟𝑢𝑒 𝑇𝑟𝑢𝑒
Example #3
𝐸𝑞. 1
3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 13
Created by: John Albert Borlagdatan Buenaventura

𝐸𝑞. 2 2𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 5
Use the Equation 2 to make Eq.3 by adding both sides -2x
Find the
value of
𝐸𝑞. 2 2𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 5
the
variable x
2𝑥 + −2𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 5 − 2𝑥 2x+-2x = 0

5𝑦 = 5 − 2𝑥 Divide both sides by 5 (DPE) to make 5y become 1y

5𝑦 5 − 2𝑥
= 5y divided by 5 = 1y
5 5
5 − 2𝑥
1𝑦 = 1y = y
5
𝐸𝑞. 3 5 − 2𝑥
𝑦=
5
 𝐸𝑞. 3 5 − 2𝑥 Substitute the value of the variable y to Equation 1
𝑦=
5
𝐸𝑞. 1 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 13
Created by: John Albert Borlagdatan Buenaventura

5 − 2𝑥
3𝑥 + 2 = 13 Multiply 2 to 5 - 2x = 10 – 4x , copy the denominator
5

10 − 4𝑥
3𝑥 + = 13 3𝑥 =
3𝑥
5 1

3𝑥 10 − 4𝑥
+ = 13 5 3𝑥 15𝑥
1 5 To make it similar multiply
5
to
1
equals to
5

15𝑥 10 − 4𝑥
+ = 13 Add 15𝑥to 10 − 4𝑥 equals to 15𝑥 + 10 − 4𝑥, copty the
5 5 denominator 5

15𝑥 + 10 − 4𝑥 Combine like terms in the numerator: 15x + -4x = 11x

= 13
5
 11𝑥 + 10
= 13 Multiply 5 and 13 = 65
5
Created by: John Albert Borlagdatan Buenaventura

11𝑥 + 10 = 65 Subtract both sides by 10

11𝑥 + 10 − 10 = 65 − 10 10-10 = 0 and 65 – 10 = 55

11𝑥 = 55 Divide both sides by 11 (DPE) to make 11x become 1x

11𝑥 55
= 11x divided by 11 =1x and 55 divided by 11 =5
11 11

If x = 5 , substitute it to Eq. 3 to get the exact value of the

𝑥=5 variable y.
 Find the 𝐸𝑞. 3 5 − 2𝑥
value of 𝑦=
the 5
variable
y
5 − 2(5)
Created by: John Albert Borlagdatan Buenaventura

2 multiply to 5 equals 10
𝑦=
5
5 − 10
𝑦= 5 subtracted by 10 = -5
5

−5
𝑦= -5 divided by 5 = -1
5

𝑦 = −1

If x = 5 , then y = -1 , therefore the solution of the given

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛: ( 5 , −1 ) system of linear equations is ( 5, -1)
 Checking:

𝐸𝑞. 1 𝐸𝑞. 2

3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 13 2𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 5
Created by: John Albert Borlagdatan Buenaventura

3(5) + 2(−1) = 13 2(5) + 5(−1) = 5

15 + −2 = 13 10 + −5 = 5
15 − 2 = 13 10 − 5 = 5
13 = 13 5=5
𝑇𝑟𝑢𝑒 𝑇𝑟𝑢𝑒