MCQ on Systems in Mechanical Engineering

UNIT 2
Introduction to Thermal Engineering
1. First law of thermodynamics deals with _______
a) Conservation of mass
b) Conservation of momentum
c) Conservation of energy
d) Conservation of pressure
Answer: c
Explanation: First law corresponds to the law of conservation of energy. It states
that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but can be transformed from
one form to the other. It follows the principle of heat transfer and energy
transfer.
2. Equation of the first law of thermodynamics is ________
a) Internal Energy= Heat added into work done
b) Internal Energy= Heat rejected into work done
c) Internal Energy= Heat added divided by work done
d) Internal Energy=Heat added plus work done
Answer: d
Explanation: It is a thermodynamic expression which gives a relationship between
internal energy, heat and work done. Work done on the system is positive, and
work done by the system is negative. The standard unit of all these quantities is
Joule.
3. During a fluid flow, the temperature is developed due to________
a) Increase in density
b) Change in pressure
c) Translational Kinetic Energy
d) Fluid level
Answer: c
Explanation: When there is a high rate of fluid flow, the molecules tend to collide
with each other. At this state, the average translational kinetic energy of the
particles increases. The temperature developed due to this is called as Kinetic
temperature.
4. The equation for the average kinetic energy is_________
a) 0.5 KT
b) 1.5 KT
c) 2.5 KT
d) 3.5 KT
Answer: b
Explanation: The equation for kinetic energy is 0.5mv2, where m= mass and v=
velocity. This equation corresponds to 1.5 KT, where K=Boltzmann’s constant and
R= Gas constant.
5. A heat engine converts heat energy from fuel combustion or any other source
into which type of work
a) Electrical work
b) Mechanical work
c) Pressure work
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: A heat engine gives mechanical work as output.
6. A steam engine comes under the category of
a) External combustion engines
b) Internal combustion engines
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: A steam engine is a External combustion engine.
7. Which of these is a power absorbing heat engine
a) Steam engine
b) Petrol engine
c) Air compressor
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: An air compressor is a power absorbing heat engine.
8. Which of these is a type of reciprocating steam engine
a) Simple
b) Compound
c) Uniflow
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Simple, compound and uniflow are types of reciprocating steam
engine.
9. Thermal power plants operate on which of these cycles
a) Otto cycle
b) Rankine cycle
c) Carnot cycle
d) Stirling cycle
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Thermal power plants operate on Rankine cycle.
10. The efficiency of a combined cycle gas turbine(steam cooled) can range as
high as
a) 20%
b) 30%
c) 40%
d) 60%
View Answer
11. One ‘ton of refrigeration’ equals how much Btu/hr.
a) 14,500 Btu/hr
b) 12,000 Btu/hr
c) 13,000 Btu/hr
d) 15,000 Btu/hr
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: One ton of refrigeration equals 12,000 Btu/hr.
12. A heat pump,
a) extracts energy at low temperature heat source
b) gives energy to high temperature heat source
c) both of the mentioned
d) none of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: This is the functioning of a heat pump.
13. Which of the following is true for a heat pump and a refrigerator?
a) a refrigerator removes heat to achieve cooling
b) a heat pump supplies heat at high temperature
c) both of the mentioned
d) none of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: This is also the main difference between a heat pump and a
refrigerator.
14. A vapour compression heat pump has
a) compressor
b) evaporator
c) condenser
d) all of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: These are similar to the components of vapour compression
refrigeration cycle.
15. Which of the following can be used to transfer heat to the refrigerant passing
through evaporator?
a) outside air
b) water from rivers
c) the ground
d) all of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: These are the possible heat sources.
16. An air-air heat pump can be used for
a) heating during winter
b) cooling during summer
c) both of the mentioned
d) none of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: This can be achieved using a reversing valve.
17. The ideal gas refrigeration cycle is same as
a) the Brayton cycle
b) reversed Brayton cycle
c) the Rankine cycle
d) reversed Rankine cycle
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Both these cycles consists of same processes.
18. In mechanical refrigeration system, the refrigerant has the maximum
temperature
A. In evaporator
B. Before expansion valve
C. Between compressor and condenser
D. Between condenser and evaporator
Answer & Solution Discuss in Board Save for Later
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
In mechanical refrigeration system, the refrigerant has the maximum
temperature Between compressor and condenser
19. In a vapour compression cycle, the refrigerant immediately after expansion
valve is
A. Liquid
B. Sub-cooled liquid
C. Saturated liquid
D. Wet vapour
Answer & Solution Discuss in Board Save for Later
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option D
Solution:
In a vapour compression cycle, the refrigerant immediately after expansion valve
is wet vapour
20. A human body feels comfortable when the heat produced by the metabolism
of human body is equal to the
A. Heat dissipated to the surroundings
B. Heat stored in the human body
C. Sum of (A) and (B)
D. Difference of (A) and (B)
Answer & Solution Discuss in Board Save for Later
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
A human body feels comfortable when the heat produced by the metabolism of
human body is equal to theHeat dissipated to the surroundings And Heat stored
in the human body
21. The domestic refrigerator uses following type of compressor
A. Centrifugal
B. Axial
C. Miniature sealed unit
D. Piston type reciprocating
Answer & Solution Discuss in Board Save for Later
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option D
Solution:

The domestic refrigerator uses following type of compressor Piston type

reciprocating
The compressor constricts the refrigerant vapor, raising its pressure and
temperature, and pushes it into the coils of the condenser on the outside of the
refrigerator.
The refrigerant absorbs the heat inside the fridge when it flows through the
evaporator coils, cooling down the air inside the fridge.
22. The coefficient of performance of Heat Pump is always _________ one.
A. Equal to
B. Less than
C. Greater than
D. None of these
Answer & Solution Discuss in Board Save for Later
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
The coefficient of performance of Heat Pump is always Greater than one.
23. The literature of heat transfer generally recognizes distinct modes of heat
transfer. How many modes are there?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: There are three modes of heat transfer i.e. radiation, convection and
conduction.
24. Consider system A at uniform temperature t and system B at another uniform
temperature T (t > T). Let the two systems be brought into contact and be
thermally insulated from their surroundings but not from each other. Energy will
flow from system A to system B because of

a) Temperature difference
b) Energy difference
c) Mass difference
d) Volumetric difference
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Greater the temperature imbalance the higher would be the rate of
energy transfer.
25. Unit of the rate of heat transfer is
a) Joule
b) Newton
c) Pascal
d) Watt
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Unit of heat transfer is Joule but the rate of heat transfer is joule per
second i.e. watt.
26. Convective heat transfer coefficient doesn’t depend on
a) Surface area
b) Space
c) Time
d) Orientation of solid surface
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: It is denoted by h and is dependent on space, time, geometry,
orientation of solid surface.
27. The rate equation used to describe the mechanism of convection is called
Newton’s law of cooling. So rate of heat flow by convection doesn’t depend on
a) Convective heat transfer coefficient
b) Surface area through which heat flows
c) Time
d) Temperature potential difference
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: It is directly proportional to all of above except time.
28. How many types of convection process are there?
a) One
b) Three
c) Four
d) Two
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Forced, natural and mixed convection.
29. Thermal conductivity is maximum for which substance
a) Silver
b) Ice
c) Aluminum
d) Diamond
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Thermal conductivity of diamond is 2300 W/m K.
30. Which of the following is an example of forced convection?
a) Chilling effect of cold wind on a warm body
b) Flow of water in condenser tubes
c) Cooling of billets in the atmosphere
d) Heat exchange on cold and warm pipes
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: In forced convection, the flow of fluid is caused by a pump, fan or by
atmospheric winds.
31. The famous Fourier series is named after
a) Diller and Ryan
b) J.B. Joseph Fourier
c) Stefan- Boltzmann
d) Wein’s
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: He gave this theory in 1824.
32. Fourier law of heat conduction is best represented by
a) Q = -k A d t /d x
b) Q = k A d x/d t
c) Q = -k A
d) Q = k d t/d x
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: According to Fourier law of heat conduction, Q = -k A d t /d x.
33. Here are some assumptions that are made for Fourier law. Identify the wrong
one
a) No internal heat generation
b) Steady state heat conduction
c) Non- linear temperature profile
d) Isotropic and homogenous material
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: It has constant temperature gradient and a linear temperature
profile.
34. Consider the following statements:
The Fourier heat conduction equation
Q = -k A d t /d x
Presumes
i) Steady state conditions
ii) Constant value of thermal conductivity
iii) Uniform temperature at the wall surface
iv) One dimensional heat flow
Which of these statements are correct?
a) i, ii and iii
b) i, ii and iv
c) i, iii and iv
d) i, iii and iv
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Thermal conductivity is different for different materials.
35. The diagram shows heat conduction through a plane wall. The surface
temperature is 475 K and it radiates heat to the surroundings at 335 K. If thermal
conductivity of the material is 12.5 W/m degree, find the temperature gradient.
Let convective coefficient be 80 W/m2 degree and radiation factor is 0.9

a) – 1052.4 degree celsius

b) – 2052.4 degree celsius
c) – 3052.4 degree celsius
d) – 4052.4 degree celsius
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Heat conducted through the plate = convection heat losses +
radiation heat losses. So, d t /d x = – 13155/12.5 = – 1052.4 degree Celsius.
36. Negative sign in Fourier heat conduction equation indicates
a) Heat always flow is in the direction of positive temperature gradient
b) Heat always flow in the direction of negative temperature gradient
c) No heat flow is there
d) Data is insufficient
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The ratio d t/d x represents the change in temperature per unit
thickness i.e. the temperature gradient. So it represents heat flow in the direction
of negative temperature gradient.
37. Transmission of heat i.e. molecular is smallest in case of
a) Gases
b) Liquids
c) Alloys
d) Solids
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: In gases, atoms are arranged loosely, there is less molecular
transmission of heat as compared to solids, liquids and alloys.
38. Which one is not the unit of thermal conductivity?
a) kcal/m hr K
b) KJ/m hr K
c) W/m s K
d) Cal/cm s K
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The unit kcal/m hr K could also be specified as J/m s K or W/m s K
and this is actually done while quoting the numerical values of thermal
conductivity.
39. Which of the following is the unit of thermal resistance?
a) degree/kcal
b) hour degree
c) s degree/kcal
d) degree/W
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Thermal resistance is expressed in the unit’s hr degree/kcal,
degree/W and s degree/J.
40. A body in air at 25℃ cools from 100℃ to 75℃ in 1 minute. What is the
temperature of the body at the end of 3 minutes? (Take log(1.5)=0.4)
a) 40℃
b) 47.5℃
c) 42.5℃
d) 50℃
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: By Newton’s law of cooling w.k.t T = t2 + (t1-t2) e-kt, given t1=100℃,
t2=25℃
when t=1 –> T(1) = 25 + 75 e-k = 75℃ –> 50/75 = 2/3 = e-k
–> 3/2=ek taking log k=log(1.5)=0.4.
to find T when t=3 minute using the value of k we get
T = 25 + 75e-0.4*3 = 47.5℃……e-1.2=0.3.
41. A bottle of mineral water at a room temperature of 72℉ is kept in a
refrigerator where the temperature is 44℉.After half an hour water cooled to
61℉.What is the temperature of the body in another half an hour?(Take
log 2817 = 0.498, e-0.99=0.37)
a) 18℉
b) 9.4℉
c) 54.4℉
d) 36.4℉
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: By Newton’s law of cooling w.k.t T=t2+(t1-t2) e-kt, given t1=72℉,
t2=44℉
At t=half an hour = 30mts T=61℉, finding k using the given values i.e
61=44+28e-k30 –> 1728 = e-k30 or 2817 = ek30 taking log, log 2817 = 30k –>
k=0.0166
to find T when t = 30mts + 30mts = 60mts
T = 44 + 28e-(0.0166)30 = 54.4℉.
42. The Stefan-Boltzmann constant has units of
a) kcal/m2 hr K4
b) kcal/m hr K4
c) kcal/hr K4
d) kcal/m2 K4
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: According to Stefan-Boltzmann law, q = α A T4.
43. According to Stefan-Boltzmann law of thermal radiation
a) q = α A T
b) q = α A T4
c) q = α A T3
d) q = α A T5
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: α is Stefan-Boltzmann constant whose value is 5.67 * 10 -8 W/m2 K4.
43. Calculate the radiant flux density from a black surface at 400 degree Celsius?
a) 1631.7 W/m2
b) 31.7 W/m2
c) 631.7 W/m2
d) 11631.7 W/m2
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: E = σ T4 = 5.67 * 10 –8 (400 + 273)4 = 11631.7 W/m2.
44. If the emitted radiant energy is to be doubled, to what temperature surface of
black body needs to be raised? Take radiant flux density as 11631.7 W/m 2.
a) 894.4 K
b) 200.4 K
c) 800.3 K
d) 600.4 K
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: 2(11631.7) = 5.67 * 10 –8 T 4.
45. A furnace having inside temperature of 2250 has a glass circular viewing of 6
cm diameter. If the transmissivity of glass is 0.08, make calculations for the heat
loss from the glass window due to radiation
a) 234.54 W
b) 652.32 W
c) 328.53 W
d) 762.32 W
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Q = σ A T4 (t) = 328.53 W.
46. The value of radiation coefficient or the Stefan-Boltzmann constant is
a) 5.67 * 10 -8 W/m2 K4
b) 5.67 * 10 -7 W/m2 K4
c) 5.67 * 10 -6 W/m2 K4
d) 5.67 * 10 -5 W/m2 K4
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: q = α A T4.
47. A two stroke cycle engine gives _____________ the number of power strokes
as compared to the four stroke cycle engine, at the same engine speed.
a) half
b) same
c) double
d) four times
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: None.
48. A two stroke cycle engine occupies larger floor area than a four stroke cycle
engine.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: A two stroke cycle engine occupies less floor area than a four stroke
cycle engine.
49. A two stroke engine gives _____________ mechanical efficiency than a four
stroke cycle engine.
a) higher
b) lower
c) equal
d) none of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: As compared to a four stroke cycle engine, the mechanical efficiency
of two stroke engine gives higher.
50. Thermal efficiency of a two stroke cycle engine is _____________ a four
stroke cycle engine.
a) equal to
b) less than
c) greater than
d) none of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: None.
51. In a petrol engine, the mixture has the lowest pressure at the
a) beginning of suction stroke
b) end of suction stroke
c) end of compression stroke
d) none of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: In a petrol engine, only at the end of suction stroke, the mixture has
the lowest pressure.
52. In compression ignition engines, swirl denotes a
a) haphazard motion of the gases in the chamber
b) rotary motion of the gases in the chamber
c) radial motion of the gases in the chamber
d) none of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: In compression ignition engines, swirl denotes a rotary motion of the
gases in the chamber as swirl is always related to rotary motion.
53. The injector nozzle of a compression ignition engine is required to inject fuel
at a sufficiently high pressure in order to
a) inject fuel in a chamber of high pressure at the end of compression stroke.
b) inject fuel at a high velocity to facilitate atomization.
c) ensure that penetration is not high
d) all of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The injector nozzle of a compression ignition engine is required to
inject fuel at a sufficiently high pressure in order to
a) inject fuel in a chamber of high pressure at the end of compression stroke.
b) inject fuel at a high velocity to facilitate atomization.
c) ensure that penetration is not high.
54. How can we classify steam generators on the basis of application?
a) utility steam generators
b) industrial steam generator
c) marine steam generator
d) all of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Steam generators can be classified in a number of ways, on the basis
of application these three generators are known.
55. What is the critical pressure of steam?
a) 221.2 bar
b) 220 bar
c) 120 bar
d) 300 bar
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Below 221.2 its sub critical and above 221.2 its super critical.
56. An air preheater is installed _____________
a) between the economiser and chimney
b) before the superheater
c) before the economiser
d) none of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Preheater is used to increase the temperature of steam.
57. What is the length of shell of a Locomotive boiler?
a) 5m
b) 4m
c) 3m
d) 2m
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: It is fixed due to mechanical constraints.
58. Which of the following statement is correct?
a) A simple vertical boiler has one fire tube
b) A fire tube boiler occupies less space than a water tube boiler, for a given
power
c) Steam at a high pressure and in large quantities can be produced with a simple
vertical boiler
d) all of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: A typical vertical boiler can have only one fire tube for the flow of
fire or heat.
59. The object of producing draught in a boiler is _________
a) to discharge the gases of combustion to the atmosphere through the chimney
b) all of the mentioned
c) to exhaust the gases of combustion from the combustion chamber
d) to provide an adequate supply of air for the fuel combustion
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: None.
60. The natural draught is produced by _________
a) team jet
b) chimney
c) centrifugal fan
d) none of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: When air or flue gases flow due to the difference in density of the
hot flue gases and cooler ambient gases.
61. Which of the following statement is wrong?
a) Water tube boilers are internally fired
b) Locomotive boiler is a water tube boiler
c) La-mont boiler is a low pressure water tube boiler
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Water tube boilers are externally fired where as fire tube boilers are
internally fired.
62. Which of the following boiler is best suited to meet the fluctuating demand of
steam?
a) Locomotive boiler
b) Lancashire boiler
c) Babcock and Wilcox boiler
d) Cornish boiler
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Because forced draught is provided in the locomotive boiler by
injecting exhausted steam back into the exhaust via a blast pipe in the smokebox.
Prof.L.G.Kamde
MCOERC Nashik