Department of Education

National Capital Region

Schools Division of Parañaque City
Self-Learning Modules
SCIENCE 7 QUARTER 2 WEEK 5
Asexual and Sexual Reproduction

Name Grade & Section Score

Teacher Date

Learning Competency (Essential Competency)

Differentiate asexual reproduction from sexual reproduction in terms of:

1. number of individuals involved; and
2. similarities of offspring to parents (S7-LT-11g-7)

Objectives

At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to:

1. Describe vegetative reproduction.
2. Describe the different types of asexual reproduction using illustrations/video
clips and identify their parts and functions.
3. Describe the sexual reproduction using illustrations/video clips; and
4. Differentiate asexual from the sexual reproduction using the Venn diagram.

Brief Introduction
One unique characteristic of organisms is the ability to increase in number and
produce their own kind. This process is called reproduction. Through this process, living
things can perpetuate their own species.
There are two basic types of reproduction: asexual and sexual reproduction.
Asexual reproduction refers to the formation of new individuals without involving sex
cells or gametes. On the other hand, sexual reproduction involves the union of
gametes; the sperm (or male gamete) fuses with the egg (or female gamete) to form a
fertilized egg, or zygote. A new individual, or offspring, develops from the zygote.

Let’s Recall
Directions: Read and answer the questions below. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. What does a plant need to survive?
A. Sunshine B. Water C. Nutrients D. All of these
2. What is the process by which leaves make energy and which affects plant color?
A. Pollination B. Respiration C. Photosynthesis D. Water Cycle
3. What part of the plant makes the seed?
A. Leaves B. Root C. Flower D. Stem
4. This plant part provides support, transportation between roots and leaves, location of
food storage also holds leaves up towards sunlight.
A. Fruit B. Stem C. Leaves D. Root
5. What plant part holds the plant in place, draws water and nutrients from the soil?
A. Root B. Leaves C. Flower D. Stem
 Let’s Understand

Asexual Reproduction

Many plants can propagate themselves using asexual reproduction. This

method does not require the investment required to produce a flower, attract
pollinators, or find a means of seed dispersal. Asexual reproduction produces
plants that are genetically identical to the parent plant because no mixing of male
and female gametes takes place.
The four main ways that asexual reproduction can take place are:

1. Binary fission - In which the cell divides creating two

identical daughter cells; used by bacteria, an organism
whose cells do not contain nucleus copy then divide
Source: https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/proxy/jTb2JanocBMKQkeyqcG1y8-
jeWh1vF8mIjCA4k6a1oc1-2aJFhBd9lAeDTfc_cA6yDt3QMFLJ7M0gaXO-Z2Owftwrr43YIv9Nyp6A

into two identical organisms.

2. Budding - In which an offspring grows

Source:
out of the body of the parent. Example:
https://haygot.s3.amazonaws.com/choices/635332_2152984_258eb

hydra
7f04b8a457680e9a8baf3a7dae8.png

3. Vegetative propagation – results in a new plant

that is genetically identical to the parent plant.
Examples: strawberry plants, vegetables, and
crops.

Source:
https://i.pinimg.com/originals/85/8d/9d/858d9dcd673ac9f932
2866142c6e3722.jpg

Vegetative Reproduction is also known as vegetative propagation. It is a

type of asexual reproduction in which new plants are produced from vegetative
parts of the plants such as roots, stems, leaves, and buds. It results in a new plant
that is genetically identical to the parent plant (a clone).
Natural vegetative propagation occurs when an axillary bud grows into a
lateral shoot and develops its roots. Examples of these are propagation of
strawberries, sweet potato, chrysanthemums, and some leaves such as kalanchoe

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plant.
Artificial reproduction is the creation of new life other than the natural means
available to an organism which is human intervention. There are four types of
artificial vegetative reproduction.

1. Cuttings – Section is cut from the plant and cutting is treated with rooting
powder to stimulate the formation of roots. The cutting is planted and grows
into a mature plant.
2. Layering – is a method in which a stem attached to the plant is bent and
covered with soil. Young stems can be bent easily without any injury.
3. Grafting – used to produce plants combining favorable stem characteristics
with favorable root characteristics.
4. Micropropagation – tissue culturing; is a method of propagating many plants
from a single plant in a short time under laboratory conditions.

Source:
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d
/Fission.png/220px-Fission.png

4. Regeneration- In this form, if a piece of a

parent is detached, it can grow and develop
. into a completely new individual. Examples:
sea star, and salamander.

Asexual reproduction can be very advantageous to certain animals.

Since all offspring are identical there are no bad combinations of traits. Asexual
reproduction also works well for animals that remain in one place and are
unable to look for mates.

Sexual Reproduction

In sexual reproduction, two individuals produce offspring that have genetic

characteristics from both parents. Each of the two parent organisms, male and
female, contributes half of the offspring's genetic makeup. Sexual reproduction
involves meiosis.

 Sexual reproduction in Human and Animals

1. External Fertilization –This is usually done when eggs are laid in a wet
environment. The eggs are then fertilized by the male outside of the female
body. External fertilization typically results in the production of a large
number
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 of offspring, many of which are killed before reaching adulthood.
Amphibians and fish are examples of animals that reproduce in this fashion.
2. Internal Fertilization – In this type of reproduction, fertilization occurs within
the female reproductive tract. Internal fertilization usually results in a smaller
number of offspring which are cared for by the parents. Mammals, birds,
and reptiles reproduce in this fashion.

 Sexual reproduction in Flowering plants

3. Pollination - occurs when pollen is transferred from the anthers to the
female organs by wind or by animals. The flower is the reproductive organ
in flowering plants. Flowers have structures that produce the gametes
necessary for reproduction.

Sexual reproduction introduces new gene combinations into a population.

New combinations allow for great diversity, because the offspring is different from
the mother and father; it is a combination of both. This means that sexual
reproduction produces a greater chance of variation within a species.

Summary of Differences Between Sexual and Asexual Reproduction

Sexual Reproduction Asexual Reproduction

● Two parents are required.
● Gametes are formed.
● Fertilization takes place.
● A zygote is formed.
● New characters are formed.
● Meiosis takes place.
● Support for the
evolution process.
● Seeds are used to get new
plants from a flower.
● Takes several months
to complete.
● One parent is needed.
● Gametes are not formed.
● Fertilization does not take place.
● A zygote is not formed.
● New characters are formed only
through mutations.
● Meiosis does not take place.
● Support for evolution but not frequently as in
sexual reproduction.
● No need for seeds.
● Takes a very short period to complete.

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 Let’s Apply

A. Directions: On a separate sheet of paper, identify whether the following plants go

through the process of NATURAL or ARTIFICIAL propagation.

1. 2. 3.

Source: Source: https://greenmylife-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp- Source:

https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/courses- content/uploads/2017/02/Image-3.jpg https://live.staticflickr.com/579/20563658328_47232d19cb_z.jpg
images/wpcontent/uploads/sites/1223/2017/01/31232623/Fi
gure_32_03_03.jpg

4. 5.

Source: Source:
https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/courses-images/wp- https://live.staticflickr.com/638/20559847399_43b2232f49.jpg
content/uploads/sites/1223/2017/01/31232701/Figure_32_0
3_04.jpg

B. Directions: Copy the name of the following organisms from 1-8 on your
answer sheet. Place an A for asexual reproduction, S for sexual
reproduction, and B for both asexual and sexual reproductions.

Reference: http://www.westerville.k12.oh.us/userfiles/4217/classes/7046/sexualasexualfactsheet.pdf

Let’s Analyze

A. Directions: Using the two pictures below, explain how you can grow these plants
using vegetative propagation? Write your answer on a separate sheet of
paper. (10 pts.)

Potato Onion

Source: Source:
https://www.pikpng.com/pngl/b/122-1222830_black-and- https://live.staticflickr.com/698/19990675193_edc9a2d381_n.jpg
white-potatoes-clipart.png

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B. Directions: Using the words listed below, complete the Venn Diagram to illustrate
the similarities and differences in sexual and asexual reproduction. Use a separate
sheet of paper.
SEXUAL VS ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
One parent Found in higher/complex organisms
Forms of reproduction Genetic variation in offspring
Creates a minimum of 1 offspring Two parents

Cells divide by fission, budding, or fragmentation No formation of Involves plants, fungi, & animals Very
gametes little chance of genetic variation
Found in lower organisms (i.e., bacteria) offsprings Generally creates a minimum of two
Produces offspring Cells divide by meiosis somatic cell
Unit of reproduction is the gamete that results in fertilization (diploid zygote) Formation of gametes (haploid)
Whole parent body or a bud/fragment/single

Sexual Reproduction Asexual Reproduction

Let’s Evaluate

Multiple Choice: Read the following questions carefully. Write the answers
on your answer sheet.
1. Which process produces offspring from two parents?
A. Asexual Reproduction C. Binary Fission
B. Sexual Reproduction D. Budding
2. What is the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction?
A. Sexual reproduction requires one parent, but asexual requires two.
B. Sexual reproduction produces identical offspring, but asexual produces
offspring that are a combination of both parents.
C. Sexual reproduction requires two parents, but asexual requires one.
D. Sexual reproduction is faster than asexual reproduction.

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 3. Which organism would you classify as sexually reproducing?
A. A strawberry plant that reproduces through runners in the ground.
B. A sea star reproduces by breaking off and regenerating parts of its body.
C. An amoeba that splits through binary fission.
D. A chicken egg is fertilized by a rooster.
4. A piece of a daffodil plant is cut and placed in a jar of water in the window.
Several weeks later the piece has grown into a new plant. Which of the
following is true about the genetic relationship between the first plant and
the new one?
A. The two plants are different genetically.
B. The two plants are slightly different genetically.
C. The two plants are genetically identical.
D. There is no way to know the genetic relationship.

5. A gardener noticed that the offspring of his strawberry plants looked

identical, while all the flowering plants looked different. Which is likely true of
the plants?
A. The strawberries reproduce asexually, while the flowering plants
reproduce sexually.
B. The strawberries reproduce sexually, while the flowering plants
reproduce asexually.
C. Both the strawberries and flowering plants reproduce sexually.
D. Both the strawberries and flowering plants reproduce asexually.

Let’s Create

Have you ever noticed your social media lately and saw some of your
friends post about their plants? Plants are not only for interior designing purposes,
but they have health benefits if you take care of them and become part of your
home.
Task: To experience being a Plantito or Plantita, plant any of the following: potato,
onion, garlic, ginger, or sweet potato. Use any available materials that can be
found in your community. Be able to apply one of the different ways on how to
propagate plants through asexual reproduction. Record your observation from
day 1 to day 7 with a picture/drawing taken during that day. You can also ask
the help of your parent/s, siblings, or friends.
Observation Table

Day Observation/s Picture/Drawing

1

3
4

7
Scoring Rubric:
Skills 5 3 1 Score
Data Data table and Both complete, Data table and
and interpretation are minor inaccuracies interpretation are
Results
neatly completed and/or illegible missing
and characters. information.
very accurate.
Process The student applies The student applies The student does
the process of the process of not apply the
asexual propagation asexual propagation process of
of plants with of asexual
complete plants with propagation of
observation and incomplete plants.
picture/drawing. observation and
picture/drawing.