Mochelle Research Bayad

Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Nueva Vizcaya
Aritao National High School
Senior High School Department
Aritao, Nueva Vizcaya
Factors that Affect the Mental Health of the Senior High School Students in Aritao
National High School
Chapter 1
The Problem and its Background
Our emotional, psychological, and social well-being are all part of our mental health. It
has an impact on the way we think, feel, and act. It also influences how we deal with stress,
interact with people, and make decisions. Mental health is vital at all stages of life, including
childhood, adolescence, and maturity.
At the beginning of the New Year 2020, China alerted the world health organization
(WHO) to a cluster of unusual pneumonia cases in Wuhan. After extensive speculation,
eventually a new species of coronavirus introduced as the causative pathogen of the disease.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a name for the disease, and the virus that causes it is
known SARS-CoV-2. The very rapid spread of the COVID-19 in China and in many other
countries has caused fear among people across the world. The novel coronavirus outbreak
declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on 30 January 2020. The
outbreak caused by the novel coronavirus is larger than the previous human coronaviruses,
showing that the SARS-CoV-2 is an extremely contagious virus. However, the mortality rate of
COVID-19 is lower than that of other coronaviruses diseases such as SARS or MERS and other
viruses like HIV and Ebola. (Ahmad Tavakoli , Katayon Vahdat, Mohsen Keshavarz , 2020)
Mental health problems are common, but help is available. People with mental health
problems can get better and many recover completely. (mentalhealth.gov)
1
The whole world is currently suffering into coronavirus pandemic, no one
was ready, and it affects everyone’s mental health. The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a
communicable virus caused by a new strain of coronavirus. This new disease was strange
before the epidemic began in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The Philippine Department
of Health informed the public about the first case of COVID-19 in the country on 30 January
2020. A 38-year-old woman from China. On 7 March, the first local transmission of COVID-
19 was confirmed. The following week, March 17, 2020, the Philippine government started to
lack-down the whole island of Luzon and other provinces in Visayas and Mindanao and
imposed the Enhanced Community Quarantine (ECQ). ECQ is the strictest measure of
quarantine. Areas under an enhanced community quarantine (ECQ) were ordered to remain at
home, with its people were restricted from traveling to other cities or barangays.
The Bayanihan to Heal as One Act also provides measures related to the ECQ, such as:
Limitations on an all forms of transportation; Work suspensions and the setting up of
alternative working arrangements such as teleworking; Ensuring the supply of food and
medical products; Measures against profiteering and hoarding of essential goods;
Provision allowing a 30-day grace period for loan and rental payments during the quarantine
period.
Many individuals have stayed at home with their families because of the government's
quarantine, which was enforced as a major measure of protection for its citizens. Some were
initially pleased, but their demeanor shifted the next week due to a variety of issues affecting
their mental health.
2
The topic that the researcher wishes to study is the situation of Senior High School
Students at Aritao National High School, about their mental health, and how their
psychological wellness influences their daily lives during the community quarantine.
Conceptual Framework
Output
Process
Factors that Affects
Input - Distribution of the Mental Healt of
- Survey Survey Questionnaire the Senior High
Questionnaire - Data Gathering School Students in
- Data Interpretation Aritao National High
School
Figure 1. Conceptual Paradigm
Input- Survey Questionnaires
Process- Distribution of Survey Questionnaires, Data Gathering, and Data
Interpretation
3
Output- Factors that Affects te Mental Health of the Senior High Students of Aritao
National High School
Statement of the Problem
The purpose of the study was to find out about the mental health issues that Senior High
School students at Aritao National High School face.
It wanted to discover what was causing the student's mental health issues throughout
the quarantine time.
The researcher aims to know their gender, monthly income, and the factors that their
mental health by checking the choices: Seldom, Never, Sometimes, Always
Gender:
Female
Male
Monthly Income:
0-10,000
10,000-30,0000
30,000-70,000
70,000-above
Social
a. Social Media
4
b. Community
c. Friends
d. Classmates
2. Finances
a. Allowance
b. Budget
3. Family
a. Parents
b. Siblings
c. Relative
4. Psychological
a. Community Quarantine
b. Home Quarantine
c. Covid 19 Pandemic
5. Top 5 Factors that affects the mental health of Senior High School Students of
6. The gender who is more prone in their mental health
Significance of the Study
This study is important to the students for them to be aware on the mental health factors
that affects their mental health. It may also help them determine if they are having mental health
problems that they are not vocal and should start seeking professional help. This study may
5
help the future researcher/s to have more knowledge and to help in solving this mental health
problems
Students. The study will assess their mental health issues that will make them know that they
have this problem and should start to seek for help.
Teachers. This study will help the teachers to understand the student’s situation and that they
be a big help in the students
Parents. This study will help the parents to understand the situation of their children in this
pandemic.
Future Researchers. The future findings of this study will be a big help as a reference to their
future research studies. This study may become their background so that they may improve this
kind of research.
Scope and Delimitation
Out of 1500 estimated population of Aritao National High School, only 200 will be
randomly selected to be the respondent of this reswearch. The scope of this study is to
determine the factors that affect the student’s mental health.
Definition of Terms
Enhance Community Quarantine- The enhanced community quarantine (ECQ) is the
strictest of these measures and is effectively a total lockdown.
6
Home Quarantine- staying at home and avoiding contact with others if you have developed,
or been exposed to, an infectious disease, until the infectious period of the illness is over, or
until you know that you have not contracted an illness to which you have been exposed.
Community Quarantine- is the compulsory physical separation, including restriction of
movement, of populations or groups of healthy people who have been exposed to a contagious
disease.
Mental Health- Mental health is a state of well-being in which an individual realizes his or
her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and is able
to contribute to his or her community.
Pandemic- A pandemic is a disease outbreak that spans several countries and affects many
people. Pandemics are most often caused by viruses, like Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-
19), which can easily spread from person to person.
7
Chapter II
Review of Related Literature and Studies
Related Literature
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has not only caused considerable socioeconomic
impacts but has also caused mental health degradation worldwide. The American
Psychological Association (APA) reports that nearly 81% of Gen Z teens Gen Z teens (ages
13–17) experience more intense stress due to COVID-19, associated with schooling. Several
recent investigations have confirmed the technological challenges and psychological impacts
due to the COVID-19 pandemic on school students in different countries. However, like the
APA’s report, the recent studies have not focused on eliciting key stressors that cause mental
health degradation in school students. (Rao, Maya E., Rao, Dhananjai M., 2021)
Gender, incurrent disease, perceived weight status, relationship with friends and family
were associated with self-esteem, resilience, mental health, and psychological self-care among
university students. Our findings can be incorporated in a support policy and integrated into
the public health curriculum. University administrators and faculty have an opportunity to
formulate an intervention program and provide services that could mitigate mental health
problems and improve the well-being of students at their university. (Auttama N., et. al, 2021)
Living conditions during lockdown had a clear impact on the mental health of French
post-secondary students. There is a need to improve prevention and to access distance
education as well as an urgent need for measures to develop healthy coping strategies for
8
students. This is significant challenge and will assist in moderating the risk for the development
of further distress and mental health concerns. (Cedric Baumann, Helene Rousseau, et.al., 2021)
Related Study
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the mental health of parents was affected by a variety
of factors. Good marital relationships, good social support, family harmony and parents without
a history of mental illness may be protective factors for parents’ mental health, while perceived
stress and child in middle or high school are risk factors for parents’ mental health.(Wu,
Mengting, et.al., 2020)
Both genders deteriorated significantly and relevantly in the depression/anxiety dimension.
However, while this change over time indicates a small deterioration in boys, it means a moderate
deterioration in girls. This effect-size gender difference in the depression/anxiety domain
could be explained also by the finding that only girls deteriorated significantly and relevantly in
overall psychological well-being with small effect size. From a proportional perspective, we found
larger significant proportions of girls who deteriorated in the depression/anxiety dimension and
of boys who improved in the depression/anxiety dimension. (Middel Berrie, 2010)
9
Chapter III
Methodology
Research Design
The researcher used a survey research design. The survey research design allows the
researcher to better understand know the factors affecting the mental health of students.
Population and Sample
The research respondents will be 200 randomly selected Senior High School students
of Aritao National High School that are aware of the mental health issues of the society
nowadays. Respondents will be some friends and acquaintances of the researcher.
Research Instrument
The researcher will be using survey questionnaire through google forms since there is
no face to face at the moment. Social media platforms such as messenger will help the
researcher to conduct the research because the research will not be face to face for both
respondents and researcher be same in the midst of this pandemic.
Data Gathering Procedure
Inserting the Talk to

Interpratation
questiong in students who
Data Analyzing of the
the Google are willing to
gathered data
Forms participate
10
References
Auttama N. et. al., (2021) Factors Associated with Self-Esteem, Resilience, Mental Health, and
Psychological Self-Care Among University Students in Northern Thailand
https://www.dovepress.com/factors-associated-with-self-esteem-resilience-
mental-health-and-psych-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JMDH
Bayanihan to Heal as One

https://legacy.senate.gov.ph/Bayanihan-to-Heal-as-One-Act-RA-11469.pdf
Enhanced Community Quarantine in Luzon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enhanced_community_quarantine_in_Luzon
Lonzozou Kpanake, et. al., (2019) Acceptability of community quarantine in contexts of

communicable disease epidemics: perspectives of literate lay people living in Conakry,
Guinea https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6805739/
Middel Berrie (2010) Intra-individual change over time in psychological well-being and self-
esteem among early and middle adolescents in Slovakia
https://www.academia.edu/24516656/Intra_individual_change_over_time_in_psy
chological_well_being_and_self_esteem_among_early_and_middle_adolescents_i
n_Slovakia?from=cover_page
Pandemic https://www.ready.gov/pandemic
Press Release / 30 January 2020, DOH confirms first 2019-ncov case in the country; assures
public
of intensified containment measures https://doh.gov.ph/doh-press-release/doh-
confirms-first-2019-nCoV-case-in-the-country
11
Press Release / (7 March 2020), DOH confirms local transmission of covid-19 in ph; reports
6th
case https://doh.gov.ph/doh-press-release/doh-confirms-local-transmission-of-
covid-19-in-
ph#:~:text=Press%20Release%20%2F%207%20March%202020,had%20no%2
0recent%20travel%20history
Quarantine at home - coping tips

https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/quarantine-
at-home-coping-tips
Rao, Maya E., Rao, Dhananjai M. (2021) The Mental Health of High School Students During
the
COVID-19 Pandemic
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2021.719539/full
Volume 22, Issue 6 (Iranian South Medical Journal 2020)

http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-296-8&sid=1&slc_lang=en
World Health Organization (March 2018) Mental health: strengthening our response
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-health-strengthening-
our-response
Wu Mengting (2020) Mental health status of students’ parents during COVID-19 pandemic and
its
influence factors https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7387315/
12

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Republic of the Philippines

National High School

The Problem and its Background

childhood, adolescence, and maturity.

(WHO) to a cluster of unusual pneumonia cases in Wuhan. After extensive speculation,

declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on 30 January 2020. The

problems can get better and many recover completely. (mentalhealth.gov)

The whole world is currently suffering into coronavirus pandemic, no one

Limitations on an all forms of transportation; Work suspensions and the setting up of

medical products; Measures against profiteering and hoarding of essential goods;

their mental health.

Figure 1. Conceptual Paradigm

Input- Survey Questionnaires

Process- Distribution of Survey Questionnaires, Data Gathering, and Data

National High School

Statement of the Problem

School students at Aritao National High School face.

the quarantine time.

mental health by checking the choices: Seldom, Never, Sometimes, Always

Aritao National High School

6. The gender who is more prone in their mental health

Significance of the Study

have this problem and should start to seek for help.

be a big help in the students

Scope and Delimitation

determine the factors that affect the student’s mental health.

Enhance Community Quarantine- The enhanced community quarantine (ECQ) is the

strictest of these measures and is effectively a total lockdown.

Community Quarantine- is the compulsory physical separation, including restriction of

to contribute to his or her community.

19), which can easily spread from person to person.

Review of Related Literature and Studies

post-secondary students. There is a need to improve prevention and to access distance

Mengting, et.al., 2020)

Both genders deteriorated signiﬁcantly and relevantly in the depression/anxiety dimension.

deterioration in girls. This effect-size gender difference in the depression/anxiety domain

of boys who improved in the depression/anxiety dimension. (Middel Berrie, 2010)

Population and Sample

nowadays. Respondents will be some friends and acquaintances of the researcher.

respondents and researcher be same in the midst of this pandemic.

Data Gathering Procedure

Inserting the Talk to

Bayanihan to Heal as One

Enhanced Community Quarantine in Luzon

Lonzozou Kpanake, et. al., (2019) Acceptability of community quarantine in contexts of

Quarantine at home - coping tips

Volume 22, Issue 6 (Iranian South Medical Journal 2020)

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