Mr

.Tr
aor
éMedi
cal
Engl
i
shMed1-
21-
22

LessonPl
anThr
ee
Teacher
:Toumani
baTr
aor
é Dat
e:11/
05/
2022
School
:FMOS Gr 1stYearMedi
ade: cine
Subj
ect
:Medi
cal
Engl
i
sh Dur
ati
on:
02hour
s
Theme:
HumanBody
Lesson:
HUMANBODYI
NTERNALORGANS
Ov
eral
lGoal
:
t
oal
l
owl
ear
ner
stoknowhumanbodyi
nter
nal
organsi
nEngl
i
shl
anguage.
Speci
fi
cobj
ect
ives:
Toal
l
owst
udent
sto:
➢ def
ineanor
gan;
➢l
ocal
i
zeandi
dent
if
ythehumanbodyi
nter
nal
organs;
➢ def
inet
hem;
➢ andgi
vet
hef
unct
ionsoft
hedi
ff
erenti
nter
nalor
gansoft
hehumanbodyi
n
Engl
i
sh.
I
.Def
ini
ti
on:
Ahumanor
gani
sanor
ganwhi
chper
mit
sahumanbei
ngt
osur
viv
eandt
orepr
oduce.
The human bodyr
eli
eson maj
ori
nter
nalbodyor
ganst
o per
for
m cer
tai
nvi
tal
f
unct
ions.
I
I.Mai
nint
ernal
humanor
gansandt
hei
rfunct
ions:
Ouri
nter
nalor
gansi
nvol
vebr
ain,t
hyr
oid,t
rachea,esophagus,di
aphr
agm,l
ungs,
hear
t,st
omach,l
i
ver
,gal
l
bladder
,pancr
eas,ki
dney
s,bl
adder
,spl
een,smal
lint
est
ine,
l
argei
ntest
ine.
 Br
ain:

Thebr
aini
sacompl
exor
gant
hat
 cont
rol
sthought
,memor
y,emot
ion,t
ouch,mot
or
ski
l
ls,v
isi
on,br
eat
hing,t
emper
atur
e,hungerandev
erypr
ocesst
hatr
egul
atesour
body
.Toget
her
,thebr
ainandspi
nalcor
dthatext
endsf
rom i
tmakeupt
hecent
ral
ner
voussy
stem,
orCNS

1
Mr
.Tr
aor
éMedi
cal
Engl
i
shMed1-
21-
22

 Thy
roi
d:

Thet
hyr
oidgl
andl
i
esatt
hebaseoft
het
hroatneart
het
rachea.I
tisshapedl
i
kea
but
ter
fl
y
The t
hyr
oid gl
and 
produces hor
mones t
hatr
egul
atet
he body
's met
abol
i
crat
e
cont
rol
l
ing hear
t,muscl
e and di
gest
ivef
unct
ion,br
ain dev
elopmentand bone
mai
ntenance.I
tscor
rectf
unct
ioni
ngdependsonagoodsuppl
yofi
odi
nef
rom t
he
di
et.

 Tr
achea:
/tr
əˈ
ki
ːə/

Thet
racheaser
vesaspassagef
orai
r,moi
stensandwar
msi
twhi
l
eitpassesi
ntot
he
l
ungs,
andpr
otect
sther
espi
rat
orysur
facef
rom anaccumul
ati
onoff
orei
gnpar
ti
cles.

 Esophagus:

Esophagus,al
so spel
l
ed 
Oesophagus,r
elat
ivel
y st
rai
ghtmuscul
art
ube t
hrough
2
Mr
.Tr
aor
éMedi
cal
Engl
i
shMed1-
21-
22

whi
ch 
food 
passesf
rom t
he 
phar
ynx
 tot
hest
omach.Theesophaguscancont
ractor
expandt
oal
l
owf
ort
hepassageoff
ood.
Thepr
imar
yfunct
ionofy
ouresophagusi
s t
ocar
ryf
oodandl
i
qui
dfr
om y
ourmout
h
t
oyourst
omach.Wheny
ouswal
l
ow,f
oodandl
i
qui
dfi
rstmov
efr
om y
ourmout
hto
y
ourt
hroat(
phar
ynx)
 Di
aphr
agm:

Di
aphr
agm,dome-
shaped,muscul
arandmembr
anousst
ruct
uret
hatsepar
atest
he
t
hor
aci
c (
chest
) and abdomi
nal cav
iti
es i
n mammal
s; i
t i
s t
he
pr
inci
pal
 
muscl
e of
 r
espi
rat
ion.

Thedi
aphr
agm i
samuscl
ethat
 hel
psy
oui
nhal
eandexhal
e(br
eat
hei
nandout
).
Thi
sthi
n,dome-
shapedmuscl
esi
tsbel
owy
ourl
ungsandhear
t.

 Lungs:

Oneofapai
rofor
gansi
nthechestt
hatsuppl
i
est
hebodywi
thoxy
gen,
andr
emov
es
car
bondi
oxi
def
rom t
hebody
.

Themai
nfunct
ionoft
hel
ungsi
s t
hepr
ocessofgasexchangecal
l
edr
espi
rat
ion(
or
br
eat
hing)
.Inr
espi
rat
ion,oxy
genf
rom i
ncomi
ngai
rent
erst
hebl
ood,andcar
bon
di
oxi
de,
awast
egasf
rom t
hemet
abol
i
sm,
leav
est
hebl
ood.Ar
educedl
ungf
unct
ion
meanst
hatt
heabi
l
ityofl
ungst
oexchangegasesi
sreduced.

3
Mr
.Tr
aor
éMedi
cal
Engl
i
shMed1-
21-
22

 Hear
t:

Thehear
tisaf
ist
-si
zedor
gant
hatpumpsbl
oodt
hroughouty
ourbody
.It
'st
he
pr
imar
yor
ganofy
ourci
rcul
ator
ysy
stem.
Yourhear
t'
smai
nfunct
ioni
sto 
mov
ebl
oodt
hroughouty
ourbody
.Yourhear
tal
so:
Cont
rol
sther
hyt
hm andspeedofy
ourhear
trat
e.Mai
ntai
nsy
ourbl
oodpr
essur
e.

 Li
ver
:

Yourl
i
veri
syourbody
’sl
argestsol
i
dor
gan.Thel
i
verl
ocat
ioni
smost
lyi
nther
ight
upperpor
ti
onoft
heabdomen,j
ustbel
owt
hedi
aphr
agm.Apor
ti
onoft
hel
i
vergoes
i
ntot
hel
eftupperabdomenaswel
l
.

Mai
nfunct
ions:Al
lthebl
oodl
eav
ingt
hest
omachandi
ntest
inespassest
hrought
he
l
i
ver
.Thel
i
verpr
ocessest
hisbl
oodandbr
eaksdown,bal
ances,andcr
eat
est
he
nut
ri
ent
sandal
somet
abol
i
zesdr
ugsi
ntof
ormst
hatar
eeasi
ert
ousef
ort
her
estof
t
hebody
 ort
hatar
enont c.
oxi
 Gal
l
bladder
:

4
Mr
.Tr
aor
éMedi
cal
Engl
i
shMed1-
21-
22

Yourgal
l
bladderi
sasmal
l
,pear
-shapedor
gant
hatst
oresandr
eleasesbi
l
e.Bi
l
eis
t
hef
lui
dyour
 l
iv
erpr
oducest
hathel
psdi
gestf
atsi
nthef
oody
oueat
.

Yourgal
l
bladderi
spar
tofy
our
 di
gest
ivesy
stem.I
tsmai
nfunct
ioni
stost
orebi
l
e.
Bi
l
e hel
ps y
ourdi
gest
ive sy
stem br
eakdown f
ats.Bi
l
eis a mi
xtur
e ofmai
nly
chol
est
erol
,bi
l
irubi
nandbi
l
esal
ts.

 St
omach:

Thest
omachi
samuscul
ar,el
ast
ic,bag,l
yi
ngcr
osswi
sei
ntheabdomi
nalcav
ityof
t
hedi
aphr
agm /
ˈdaɪ
əfr
æm/
.

I
tsmai
nfunct
ioni
stost
oreandbr
eakdownt
hef
oodsandl
i
qui
dst
hatweconsume
bef
oret
hosecont
ent
str
avel
toot
heror
ganst
obef
urt
herdi ed.
gest
 Pancr
eas:

The 
pancr
eas 
i
san or
gan l
ocat
ed i
ntheabdomen.I
tpl
aysan essent
ialr
olei
n

5
Mr
.Tr
aor
éMedi
cal
Engl
i
shMed1-
21-
22

conv
ert
ingt
hef
oodweeati
ntof
uelf
ort
hebody
'scel
l
s.Thepancr
eashast
womai
n
f
unct
ions:anexocr
inef
unct
iont
hathel
psi
ndi
gest
ionandan 
endocr
ine 
funct
iont
hat
r
egul
atesbl
oodsugar
.
 Spl
een:

Anor
gant
hati
spar
toft
hel
ymphat
icsy
stem.Thespl
eenmakesl
ymphocy
tes,
fil
ter
s
t
hebl
ood,st
oresbl
oodcel
l
s,anddest
roy
sol
dbl
oodcel
l
s.I
tisl
ocat
edont
hel
eft
si
deoft
heabdomenneart
hest
omach.
 Ki
dney
s:

Theki
dney
sar
etwobean-
shapedor
gansi
nther
enalsy
stem.Theyhel
pthebody
passwast
easur
ine.Theyal
sohel
pfi
l
terbl
oodbef
oresendi
ngi
tbackt
othehear
t.
Theki
dney
sper
for
m manycr
uci
alf
unct
ions,
incl
udi
ng:
 mai
ntai
ningov
eral
lfl
uidbal
ance
 r
egul
ati
ngandf
il
ter
ingmi
ner
alsf
rom bl
ood
 f
il
ter
ingwast
emat
eri
alsf
rom f
ood,
medi
cat
ions,
andt
oxi
csubst
ances
 cr
eat
inghor
monest
hathel
ppr
oducer
edbl
oodcel
l
s,pr
omot
eboneheal
th,
andr
egul
atebl
oodpr
essur
e

6
Mr
.Tr
aor
éMedi
cal
Engl
i
shMed1-
21-
22

 Bl
adder
:

Ahol
l
ow 
organt
hel
ower
 abdoment
hatst
ores 
uri
ne.Theki
dney
sfi
l
terwast
efr
om
t
hebl
ood 
and pr
oduceur
ine,whi
chent
erst
he 
bladder
 t
hrought
wo t
ubes,cal
l
ed
ur
eter
s. 

Thebl
adder
 st
oresur
ine,al
l
owi
ngur
inat
iont
obei
nfr
equentandcont
rol
l
ed.The
bl
adderi
sli
nedbyl
ayer
sofmuscl
eti
ssuet
hatst
ret
cht
ohol
dur
ine.Thenor
mal
capaci
tyoft
hebl
adderi
s400-
600mL.Dur
ingur
inat
ion,
thebl
addermuscl
essqueeze,
andt
wosphi
nct
ers(
val
ves)opent
oal
l
owur
inet
ofl
owout
.

 Smal
li
ntest
ine:

Al
ongt
ube-
li
keor
gant
hatconnect
sthest
omachandt
hel
argei
ntest
ine.Thesmal
l
i
ntest
inehast
hreepar
ts:
theduodenum,
jej
unum,
andi
l
eum.

7
Mr
.Tr
aor
éMedi
cal
Engl
i
shMed1-
21-
22

I
thel
pst
ofur
therdi
gestf
ood comi
ng f
rom t
he st
omach.I
tabsor
bsnut
ri
ent
s
(
vit
ami
ns,mi
ner
als,car
bohy
drat
es,f
ats,pr
otei
ns)andwat
erf
rom f
oodsot
heycan
beusedbyt
hebody
.Thesmal
li
ntest
inei
spar
toft
hedi
gest
ivesy
stem.
 Lar
gei
ntest
ine:

Thel
ong,t
ube-
li
keor
gant
hati
sconnect
edt
othesmal
lint
est
ineatoneendandt
he
anusatt
heot
her
.Thel
argei
ntest
inehasf
ourpar
ts:cecum,col
on,r
ect
um,andanal
canal
.

Mai
nfunct
ionsoft
hel
argei
ntest
inear
etoal
l
owdi
gest
edf
oodt
omov
ethr
ought
he
cecum i
ntot
hecol
on,
wher
ewat
erandsomenut
ri
ent
sandel
ect
rol
ytesar
eremov
ed.
Ther
emai
ningmat
eri
al,sol
i
dwast
ecal
l
edst
ool
,mov
est
hrought
hecol
on,i
sst
ored
i
nther
ect
um,
andl
eav
est
hebodyt
hrought
heanal
canal
andanus.