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Present Time BETTY AZAR
Present Time BETTY AZAR
SINGULAR PLURAL Notice: The verb after she, he, it (3rd person singular)
1st PERSON I talk we talk has a W-8:talks.
2nd PWON you taR you taR
3rd PEXSON she talks they talk 7%: .,I.., . ..
he talks
it raitu I
( a ) I eat b r e a a s t every morning. The simple present tense expresses habits. In (a): Eating
( b ) Ann apeaks English every day. breakfast is a habit, a usual activity. Every morning =
( c ) We sleep every night. Monday morning, Tuesday morning, Wednesday
morning, Thursday morning, Friday morning, Saturday
( d ) They go to the beach every weekend.
morning, and Sunday morning.
ERClSe 1: What do you do every morning? On the left, there is a list of habits. On the
-
MY HABITS EVERY MORNING
,. ">'
I Get up
I comb my hair
I brush my teeth
<:I , . I prepare my breakfast
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(f) put on my make-up
: I . . > I , .+I,',
6.
(g) take a showerbath
1
7. I eat breakfast
I
I take a shower
-- ... - .
. ,
8.
. . .-
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(i) pickup my books . . ., , , . . 9. I ~..
put on my clothes
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3& h
(r) do exercises , : , : .: 1
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19.
;' ..,- .,n:,,.
(s)wash my face ~, ;i
20.
(t) stretch, yawn, and rub my eyes 21.
*Some frequency adverbs can also come at the beginning or at the end of a sentence. For example:
Sometimes Iget up at s m . I sometimes get up at sewen. I get up at seven sometimes.
Also: See Chart 2-3 for the use of frequency adverbs with be.
EXERCISE 2-ORAL: Find the SUBJECTS and VEWS in the sentences. Then add the
FREQUENCY ADVERBS in italics to the sentences. , 2 trl
1. always I eat brealdast. + I always eat breakfast. t IIL .T
1. always
always
I; ' 2. always &comes
.. to class on time. . "\.
i.,
; , .. ::, dl) . ;, ::~tt
3. often Sue is late for class.
. I ! . ,
4. ofen Sue comes to class late.
'1. .'
5. never Ron is happy, ,, .
Ron smiles. 0 " ' '
I
6. never
EXERCISE &WRITTEN: Describe a typical day in your life, from the time you get up in the
I
, morning until you go to bed. Use the following words to show the order of your
!
..
activities: then, next, a t . o'clock, qftor that, later,
Example: I usually get up at sewn-thirty. Ishave, brush my teeth, and take a shower.
! Then I put on my clothes and go t o the student cafeteria for breakfast.
After that I go back t o my room. I sometimes watch the news on TV. At
; ...*.. ... -. . ..--..- 8:15 1 leave the dormitory. I go t o class. My class begins at 8:30. I'm in
i"
t
class from 8:30 to 11:30. After that I eat lunch. I usually haw a sandwich
and a cup of tea for lunch. (Continue untilyou complete your &ye)
i k- -~-. . .-- ......A -, . ~ .. - -.
I VOICED VOICELESS Some sounds are "voiced." You use your
voice box to make voiced sounds. For
(a) Ibl nib (b) /PI sleep example, the sound /b/ comes from your voicc
/dl ride It/ write box. The final sounds in (a) are voiced. I
Ivl drive If/ laugh
Some sounds are "voiceless." You don't use
your voice box. You push air through your
teeth and lips. For example, the sound lpl
comes from air through your lips. The f d
sounds in (b) are voiceless.
(c) rubs = mb/z/ (d) sleeps = slesp/s/ Final -8 is pronounced /z/ after voiced sounds,
rides = ridrp/ writes = wnwnt%/s/ as in (c).
drives = dnve/z/ laughs = hughlsl Final -8 is pronounced Is/ after voiceless
sounds, as in (d).
EXERCISE 6: The final sounds of the VERBS in these sentences are "voiced." Final -s is
pronounced lzl. Read the sentences aloud. : .'; w;; , !iA.1:?s eix+!. v
:
. ,
,rc j I:,
-sh (a) push + pushap pushlazl Ending of verb: -sh, -ch, -66, -x.
-ch teach teaches tea&/azl S p e w : add -6s.
-
(b) -r
-6s (c) kiss -+ kisw kisslazl Pronounciation: lazl.
-x (d) fix fixss fixlazl
. ,j\. 'L,
4. drink
5 . watch Joon-Kee gften television at night.
10. stretch,
yawn
.~ 1 . pay, aiways
7. PW
," I-,... ,<%
Jack every day.
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( e ) They go to school.
( f ) She goes to school.
it
XERCISE 10: Use the given VERBS to complete the sentence
- -
2. do We always do our homework. I # ,
-~ -
3. h Yoko and Kunio their books.
.- . -
i i: . ,, ,~ .
4. have
10. have
(a) rub + rubs dlzl . To form a simple present verb in 3rd person singular,
ride + r i h ridelzl you usually add only -8, as in (a) and @).
smile +smi7es smdle/z/
dream +dwms dreamlzl In (a): -s is pronounced 121. The fmal sounds in (a)
run + runs ~ n h l are vo,oiced.
wear + wears wearlzl
drive drives
-+ drivelzl
see -+ sees s&/
snow -+ snmua mwbl
(b) drink -* drink8 drinklsl In (b): -s is pronounced Is/. The ftnal sounds in (b)
sleep -+ *s s@Id are voiceless.
write -+ wrifes writelsl
laugh + laughs laughlsl 7.::: .. ..~
EXERCISE 1 I-ORAL (BOOKS CLOSED): Talk about everyday activities using the given
TEACHER: eat
STUDENT A: I always eat dinner at the student cafeteria.
TEACHER: What does ( . . . ) always do?
STUDENTB: He/She always eats dinner at the student cafeteria.
6. study 11. listen to
7. getup 12. wash
G. 3 ,
3. drink 8 , watch 13. put On , , , . , :
4. brush 9. speak 14. carry
5. have ~ ~ .. 10. do
~ ~~
!5. kiss . ,:;A
, ,. : ,4:i . ' . .
EXERCISE 12-ORAL (BOOKS CLOSED): Tell a classmate about yow usual habits in the
_ morning. (Look at the list you made for Exercise 1 if you wish.) Your classmate will
then write a summary of your daily morning habits.
.,., ., ..:,d d ''2. I.
Directions:
,.
I , :
STUDENT A: Tell Student B ten tofijieen things you do every morning.
STUDENT B: Take notes while Student A is talking. (You will use these riots hter to write a
:l+i .-
paragraph about Student A's usual morning habits.) - - - - j -
EXERCISE 13: Complete the sentences. Use the words in parentheses. Use the SIMPLE
PRESENT TENSE. Pay special attention to singular and plural, to spelling, and to
pronunciation of final -s/-ap. .,
She (study)
6. Ms. Jones and Mr. Anderson (teach) - at the local high
- * -.
pots on the stove. He (watch)
(wash, always)-
the pots carefully. He (make)
a big mess in the kitchen when he cooks. After dinner, he
all the dishes and (clean)
A J T I ~ ~?I$
Z the kitchen. I (cook, -)
VI bnri .BI
It (be) too much trouble. But my friend Sam (loete)
~LHI', to cook.
(a) I do not drinkcoffee. NEGATIVE: I ii , ,:t ,..
We
do not drinkcoffee.
You do not drinkcoffee.
+ do not + main vab
They do not drink coffee.
... -.. - . <,
(b) She doe8 not drink coffee.
He
It
dw8 not
doe8 not
drink coffee.
drink coffee.
i" I. ': " " "1
he +doe8not+mainverb
3. know, not Mary and Jim are strangers. Mary -. ,---. Jim.
'*.*I d 4. wed, not It's a nice day today. You YOU
umbrella.
5 . snoeu, not It in Bangkok in the winter.
J til:
6, speak, not I French.
,\>"*m
I
7.be,not I hungry.
-- .I".!. < ! I
EXERCISE 15: Complete the sentences. Use the words in parentheses. Use the SIMPLE
PRESENT TENSE.
. . . , ;f@ !,
5 . Mr. Smith (drink, not) coffee, but Mr. Jones
~
4
a lot of money.
to Pierre.
shave
' . C
1. Bob doesn/t go to school every day. .,$j .
2. My roommates are from Japan. They Spanish.
, ,
' ~2
1. walk to school every day 7, write a letter every day (
Bob h e coffee?
Doe8 she
Does he
Does it t + main verb (simple fonn)
(c) Are you a student? When the main verb is a form of be, do is NOT
(d) INCORRECT: Do yew be a student? used. See Chart 1-9 for question forms with be.
I
I 2,.,
B: (I don't speak Japanese.)
W EXERCISE 21: Make questions. Give short answers. Use the names of your classmates in the
questions.
3. A:
..
Is (All) ~nd a s s todav ?
B: . /t.
No,. he nn (He isn't in class today.)
4. A:
6 . A:
7. A:
, ,' . 2.. ,
B: (He has a mustache.) "
8. A:
9. A:
10. A:
14. A:
1 5 . A:
(a) Do they live in Tokyo? + Yes, they do. / No, they don't.
(b) do they live? + In Tokyo.
(c) Does Gina live in Rome? + Yes, she does. I No, she doesn't.
(d) *re does Gina Ewe? + In Rome.
NOTE:(a) and (c) are called "yes/no questions." The answer to these questions can be yes or no. (b) and (d)
are called "information questions." The answer gives information. Where asks for information about place.
Notice in the examples: The form of yestno questions and information questions is the same:
DOIDOES + SUBJECT + MAIN VERB
3. A:
B: At the post office. (Peter works at the post office.)
4. A:
B: Yes, he does. (Peter works at the post office.)
5. A:
B: Yes, I do. ( I live in an apartment.)
6. A:
B: In an apartment. (I live in an apartment.)
7. A:
B: At a restaurant. (Bill eats dinner at a restaurant every day.)
8. A:
B: In the front row. (I sit in the front row during class.)
9. A:
B: At the University of Wisconsin. (Jessica goes to school at the University of
Wisconsin.)
10. A:
B: On my desk. (My book is on my desk.)
11. A: -' d'
B: To class. (I go to class every morning.)
- ' 12.A:
B: In class. (The students are in class right now.)
13. A:
B: In Australia. (Kangaroos live in Australia.)
(e) What time do you usually go to class? The frequency adverb usually comes immediately after the
subject in a question.
QUESnON WORD + DOBSIDO + SUBJECT + USUALLY + MAIN VEX3
*A "Q-word" 1s a "question word." Where, when, what, what time, who, and why are examples of question words.
. ' * 3
3. A:
B: At 6:45. (I get up at 6:45.)
4. A:
B: At 6:30. (Maria usually gets up at 6:30.)
5. A:
B: At 8: 15. (The movie starts at 8:15.)
6. A:
B: Around 11:OO. (I usually go to bed around 11:OO.)
I .. .
12 I
7. A:
B: At half-past twelve. (I usually eat lunch at half-past twelve.)
8. A:
B: At 5:30. (The restaurant opens at 5:30.)
9. A:
B: At 9:05. (The train leaves at 9:OS.)
10. A:
B: Between 6:30 and 8:OO. (I usually eat dinner between 6:30 and 8:OO.)
11. A:
B: At 10:OO P.M. (The library closes at 10:OO P.M. on Saturday.)
(
-
--
-& 12. A:
B: At a quarter past eight. (My classes begin at a quarter past eight.)
NOTICE: In questions with be as the main and only verb, the subject follows be. In simple present questions
with verbs other than be, the subject comes between doldoes and the main verb.
EXERCISE 26: Complete the questions in the dialogues by using is, are, does, or do.
DIALOGUE ONE
DIALOGUE TWO
DIALOGUE THREE
A:
B: In trees and bushes or in their nests. (They sleep in trees and bushes or in their
nests.)
10. A:
B: The blue whale. (The biggest animal on earth is the blue whale.)
11. A:
B: No, they aren't. (Whales aren't fish.)
A:
B: Yes, they are. (They are mammals.)
A:.
B: Yes, they do. (They breathe air.)
12. A:
B: No, it isn't. (A seahorse isn't a mammal.)
13. A:
B: A very small fish that looks a little like a horse.
(A seahorse is a very small fish that looks
a little like a horse.)
14. A:
B: Yes. (A starfish has a mouth.)
A:
B: In the middle of its underside. (It is in the middle of its underside.)
A:
B: Clams, oysters, and shrimp. (A starfish eats clams, oysters, and shrimp.)
EXERCISE 28: Complete the dialogues with your own words.
1. A: Do ?
B: No, I don't.
2. A: Where are ?
B: I don't know.
B:
4. A: When do ?
B:
6 . A: What is ?
B:
7. A: Are ?
B:
8. A: What are
.
B:
9. A: Whatdo ?
B:
10. A: What does