A

PRESENTATION ON

“Design and Devolopment of Air

Ventilation Nozzle"

Presented by- Under the guidance of

Vishal Bodke Prof. H.B.Karkade
Rushikesh Bawke
Harshwardhan Ruikar
Hrishikesh Patil

Department of Mechanical Engineering

S.I.T.R.C
 CONTENTS

1. Introduction
2. Literature Survey
3. Problem Statement
4. Methodology
5. Analytical Technique For Hyperbolic Nozzle Angle
6. Results Table
7. Numerical Solution Technique
8. Dimensions Of Model
9. Dimensions For Experimentation
10. Experimental setup for hyperbolic nozzle ventilator
11. Experimental result for hyperbolic nozzle ventilator
12. Conclusion
 INTRODUCTION

 Ventilation
 Types of ventilation:
I. Natural Ventilation
II. Mechanical Ventilation
III. Hybrid Ventilation
 LITERATURE SURVEY
S.N. Title Author Publisher Findings
01 Passive Evaporative Zahra Giabaklou, John A. Building and It uses evaporative effect from
cooling system by Ballinger. Environment;1996; water falling vertically to
natural ventilation vol produce a reduction in
31:503-507. temperature and lowers DBT
02 “Optimized profiles R. Lakshmi narayanan, Experimental thermal and The test results indicate da
for incompressible A. Hail-Sheikh. Y. S. marked increase in the value
fluid science, 1988;
flow metering Lou. Spindler of the discharge coefficient
nozzles” 1:171-181. when it is compared with
that for the ASME standard
nozzle.
03 “Shape optimization of J.-S. Liu, G.T. Parksb, P.J. Cambridge University It is shown that the design
axi symmetrical Clarkson Engineering with a protruding nozzle
cylindrical nozzle sin Department, would produce a better
spherical pressure Trumpington Street, stress distribution than the
vessels subject to Cambridge CB2 design
stress constraints” 1PZ,UK with a flush nozzle.
Nov 2000
04 Computational Analysis G.Evola, V.Popov. Energy And Buildings The numerical result obtained
of wind driven natural ;2006;38:491-501. using RNG method show a
ventilation good agreement with
Experimental data .According
to these finding, RNG model
can be considered a useful
tool for the study of airflow
inside and around a building
when dealing with wind driven
natural ventilation.
 LITERATURE SURVEY

S.N. Title Author Publication details Conclusion

05 Personalized Arsen K. Melikov Energy and Buildings; Ventilation effectiveness

Ventilation evaluation Radim Cermak, Milan Majer increases with flow rate.
2002;34:829- 836.
of different air Lowest temperature is
terminal devices. achieved by VDG

06 Field testing of HaoruLi,Xiaofeng Li, Meiwei Building and Based on air change rate
natural ventilation Qi and differences between
Environment;2014;78:36-
in college student indoors and outdoors air
dormitories 43 temperature windows size
should be increased
.mechanical
ventilation should be used
07 Energy saving Ivan Oropza- Perez, Applied energy Natural ventilation under
potential of utilizing Poul Alberg Ostergaard ;2014;130:20- warm condition is affected
natural ventilation 32. by climate condition,
under warm window opening, material
condition- A case of construction, built area,
study of mexico no of occupants.
 PROBLEM STATEMENT
Wind ventilation is not possible in
urban area due to following reason:

 Obstruction to wind flow due to

complicated building developments
in urban areas.

 Improper orientation of buildings

towards wind direction.
 METHODOLOGY

1. Design of Air Nozzle

2. Optimization of air nozzle shape & Size to air speed boosts
as well as minimizes air leakages and energy loss.
Optimization of Air nozzle angle.
1. Fabrication of nozzle for Experimentation
 ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUE FOR HYPERBOLIC NOZZLE ANGLE

*Inlet condition of air:

P1=1 bar.
V1=3 m/s.
T1=308K.
den1=1.223 kg/m3.
γ=1.4.

Nozzle profile angel (β) :

0 < β < 180

Schematic diagram for Air nozzle

Mathematical Modeling: Distance along nozzle axis (m):
Continuity equation,
Distance normal to nozzle axis (n):
ρAV = constant
therefore,
Area & Velocity:
AV=constant (ρconstant)
Equation For
Hyperbola

Polar Coordinate Equation ,

Mach no.

Temperature:
Pressure:

Density:

Slope:
 Results Table
Sr. Β Velocity Slope Kinetic energy loss Air by passed
No. (m/s) for unit mass while entered into
of nozzle flow rate (J/kg) nozzle

1 20 4.4525 5.6713 4.3643 Maximum

2 30 4.4612 3.7321 4.1986
3 40 4.4548 2.7475 3.9736 Decreases
4 50 4.4590 2.1445 3.6963 fro
5 60 4.4524 1.7321 3.3750 m maximum to
6 70 4.4523 1.4281 3.0195 minimum

7 80 4.4524 1.1918 2.6407 Minimum

8 90 4.46 1 2.25 No bypass of air
9 100 4.4545 0.8391 1.8593 No bypass of air
10 110 4.4524 0.7002 1.4805 No bypass of air
11 120 4.4523 0.5774 1.1250 No bypass of air
12 130 4.4525 0.4663 0.8037 No bypass of air
13 140 4.4524 0.3640 0.5264 No bypass of air
14 150 4.4698 0.2679 0.3014 No bypass of air
15 160 4.4565 0.1763 0.1357 No bypass of air
16 170 4.4547 0.0875 0.0342 No bypass of air
 Hyperbolic Nozzle Profile for β (0 0 to 180 0 )

Fig. Air Nozzle Shapes as Function of Angle β

* when β increases up to 900 chances of air bypass
* As β increases above 900 ,no problem of airbypass
 NUMERICAL SOLUTION TECHNIQUE

Nozzle duct material:

Galvanized Iron Nozzle
duct temperature:
308K R1=0.2 m

R2=0.4 m

Figure: Model developments for optimum solution

 DIMENSIONS OF MODELS
SR.NO. MODEL NAME m(length in A1(in m2) A1/A2 A2/A3 A1/A3
m)
(A2=0.089 (A3=0.0
0
52 10)
)
1 Model 1 0.0576 0.1299 1.45 1.70 2.49

2 Model 2 0.0995 0.1801 2.02 1.70 3.45

3 Model 3 0.1339 0.2470 2.77 1.70 4.74

4 Model 4 0.1652 0.3464 3.89 1.70 6.64

5 Model 5 0.1966 0.5210 5.85 1.70 10

6 Model 6 0.232 0.9409 10.57 1.70 18.05

7 Model 7 0.269 2.2860 25.68 1.70 43.87

8 Model 8 0.2839 3.8162 42.87 1.70 73.24

Table: Dimensional specifications of models

Model Ain A1 A2 A3 Vout M
m/s m2 m2 m2 m/s Kg/s

1 3 0.1299 0.0890 0.0521 7.4797 0.0437

2 3 0.1801 0.0890 0.0521 10.3702 0.6067

3 3 0.2470 0.0890 0.0521 14.2225 0.8321

4 3 0.3464 0.0890 0.0521 19.9462 1.1670

5 3 0.5210 0.0890 0.0521 29.999 1.7552

6 3 0.9409 0.0890 0.0521 54.1784 3.1698

7 3 2.2860 0.0890 0.0521 131.631 7.7015

3
8 3 3.8462 0.0890 0.0521 219.742 12.8561
7
Therefore,

Model five is select for experimentation

From above results model one to model four

having minimum mass flow rate as compare to model
five. Model five having mass flow rate higher than the
previous models. Model six, seven and eight are unstable
models.
Optimization of inlate to outlate area
ratio

• Continuity equation,
• ρAV = constant ....(ρ = C due to
Adiabatic expansion
• A2 & A3 are fixed
• A3=0.0890 m2 process)

• Vin=3m/s
assume
• Condition
• A1V1=A2V2=A3V3
DIMENSIONS FOR EXPERIMENTATION
• Model five is optimum model for experimentation
• DESIGN
PROCEDURE: Room
size:
25Ft (L) × 12 Ft (B) × 12 Ft (H)

DBT = 410C = 105.8 F

WBT = 220C = 71.6F

= 1052.63
Mass Flow Rate Requirement = 1052.63 × 0.0283168
= 29.80715 CMM
= 0.49678 m3/sec.
Actual design mass flow rate requirement = 0.49678 × 1.2
= 0.596136 m3/sec.
Using simple continuity equation
A1V1 = A2V2 = A3V3 = • For simplicity square ducts are designed:
constant

Side length at section 1 = D1= 0.630 m

= 635 mm

Side length at section 2 = D2= 0.260 m

= 260 mm

Side length at section 3 = D3= 0.199 m

= 200 mm
Final dimensions of model five for experimentation
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP FOR HYPERBOLIC
NOZZLE VENTILATOR

1. Above manufactured model is bringing on terrace of

building for experimentation purpose where free wind is
found in abundant amount.
2. With the help of direction indicator direction are assigned
with respect to the hyperbolic nozzle ventilator axis
3. Mouth or inlet section of hyperbolic nozzle is
directed towards the direction of wind.
4. If wind direction is changed then mouth of nozzle
ventilator turns manually towards wind direction.
1. To support inlet section of nozzle two 10 mm rod welded
to inlet section of nozzle and other end is placed on the
ground to support the nozzle.
2. Velocity, mass flow rate and temperatures are measured at
inlet and outlet section with the help of an emometer.
3. Duct wall temperature is measured with mercury
thermometer at the 3-4 locations and then averaged wall
temperature is calculated.
1. Readings are taken for a whole day at an interval of 15
minute. First reading is taken at 12.00 PM and last reading is
taken at 6.00PM
 CONCLUSIONS
1. From the results obtained we are concluded that best and
optimum nozzle shape for maximum air boost and minimum air
bypass losses is rectangular hyperbolic nozzles (β=900). As we
go incremental order from β=900minimum air boost as well as
minimum air bypass as well as minimum other energy losses. As
we go decrement order from β=900we get maximum velocity
boost but air bypass is more and maximum energy loss.
2. Therefore, rectangular hyperbolic nozzle shapes are optimum,
which gives better driving forces to drive air into nozzle in
minimum air bypass.
1. Based on numerical calculation we are concluded when
inlet to outlet area ratio (A1/A3) is equal to 10 then
hyperbolic nozzle gives optimum velocity boosting as well
as minimum eddies formation. Therefore area ratio
(A1/A3=10) is an optimum solution.

2. Experimental results are comparatively

satisfactory with numeric analysis.
Thank you