Lesson 7 - B STS 100 - Science and Technology During Renaissance

SAN PEDRO COLLEGE – MAIN CAMPUS
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETY
LECTURER: MRS. NICEY TUBERA
OUTLINE II. THE RENAISSANCE PERIOD
LESSON 7
I. THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY DURING THE
RENAISSANCE
II. THE RENAISSANCE PERIOD
III. THE GREAT ADVANCES
IV. PRINTING PRESS
V. MINING AND METALLURGY
VI. FIREARMS AND NAUTICAL COMPASS
A. NAUTICAL CONTRIBUTIONS
• Renaissance 1300-1600
VII. NEWSPAPER
VIII. ALCHEMY
o A time of creativity in Europe.
IX. ASTRONOMY o Rebirth of cultural and intellectual pursuits
A. LEADERS OF ASTRONOMY after the stagnation of the Middle Ages.
1. ULUGH BEG o It produced a golden age with many
2. NICOLAS COPERNICUS achievements in art, literature and science.
3. TYCHO BRAHE
4. JOHANNES KEPLER
5. GALILEO GALILEI
X. MEDICINE
A. ANDREAS VESALIUS
B. WILLIAM HARVEY
C. OTTO BRUNFELS
D. LEONARDO DA VINCI
I. THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE AND o “REBIRTH”

TECHNOLOGY DURING THE o People at the time developed a new
RENAISSANCE
understanding of how to view things in a new
perspective during this time.
III. THE GREAT ADVANCES
● Johannes Gutenberg was the inventor of

printing press
● Renaissance centered in Italy in the 1300s ● In 1452, Gutenberg produced the one book to
before spreading into Europe in the 1500s and come out of his shop: a Bible.
1600s. Great advances occurred in
geography, astronomy, physics, chemistry, V. MINING AND METTALURGY
mathematics, manufacturing, anatomy and
engineering.
IV. PRINTING PRESS
● Some Important Renaissance technologies;

innovations and improvements on existing
techniques: MINING, METTALURGY, BLAST
FURNACE.
● The printing press is a device that allows for
the mass production of uniform printed matter,
mainly text in the form of books, pamphlets and
newspapers.
A. NAUTICAL CONTRIBUTIONS
• Mariner’s Astrolabe
o Also called sea astrolabe, was an
inclinometer used to determine the latitude of
a ship at sea by measuring the sun’s noon
altitude (declination) or the meridian altitude
of a star of known declination.
• Dry Dock
o A dry dock (sometimes dry-dock or drydock)
VI. FIREARMS AND NAUTICAL is narrow basin or vessel that can be flooded
COMPASS
to allow a load to be floated in, then drained
to allow that load to come to rest on a dry
platform. Dry docks are used for the
construction, maintenance, and repair of
ships, boats, and other watercraft.
VII. NEWSPAPER
● These inventions allowed modern people to

communicate, exercise power, and finally
travel at distances unimaginable in earlier
times.
● Newspaper is the offspring of the printing press

from which the press derives its name.
● The 16th century sees a rising demand for up- ● The Pacelsians added a third element (salt) to
to-date information which cannot be covered make a trinity of alchemical elements.
effectively by circulating handwritten new ● Sulphur, Mercury, Salt
sheets.
● Johann Carolus of Strassburg is the first to
publish his German-language Relation by
using a printing press, 1605.
VIII. ALCHEMY
IX. ASTRONOMY
● An ancient branch of natural philosophy, a

philosophical and proto scientific tradition
● Practiced throughout Europe, Africa, and Asia,
originating in Greco-Roman Egypt in the first
few centuries.
● During the Renaissance, people began once
● It is the study of transmutation of materials
again to explore and experiment with the world
through obscure processes.
around them.
● It is sometimes described as an early form of
● One era of science which made great leaps
chemistry.
during this time was astronomy
● Astronomy is the study of celestial bodies in
outer space such as the moon, the planets, and
the stars.
● Paracelsus was an alchemist and a physician of the

Renaissance
A. LEADERS IN ASTRONOMY
• IN 1543: NICOLAS COPERNICUS

o Publishes a book entitled De Revolutionibus
● Greek scientists such as Aristotle and Orbium Celestium ( On the Revolutions of the
Ptolemy had made the case that the Earth is Celestial Spheres). In it, he offered an
at the center of the galaxy. alternative planetary model, in which the sun
● People believed that the sun and planets was the center of the universe.
orbited the Earth. They believed this for many
years until…
• IN 1572: TYCHO BRAHE

o A Danish astronomer, notices a new star
• IN 1420: ULUGH BEG appearing in the sky and disappearing two
o He is a Persian astronomer, has a 3-story years later. He also observes that comets
observatory built in Samarkand, move in space. They are not crystal spheres
Uzbekistan between 1424 and 1429. holding the planets, thus proving that not all
o This observatory is able to produce star motion in space is circular. Brahe goes on to
charts that catalogued over 1,000 stars. measure the year to an accuracy of a single
Many scientists believe that Beg second. As a result, Gregorian calendar goes
contributed greatly for the thirty years he into publication in 1582
spent observing the universe.
• IN 1594: JOHANNES KEPLER • More of Galileo Galilei:

o A German astronomer, states that the o Discovered the first moons ever known to
moon controls the tides on earth. Based orbit a planet other than earth. Jupiter’s four
on mathematics, he also states that the largest moons, which he discovered: Io,
earth rotates around the sun. He also Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto, are
came up with the three laws of planetary together known as the Galilean satellites in
motion. His mathematics led Galileo to his honor.
some of his discoveries. o Discovered that Venus has phases like the
moon, ranging from thin crescent to full. this
was the first practical, observational evidence
that the sun sits at the center of the solar
system
o Discovered the rings of Saturn, although he
found their appearance very confusing.
o Discovered our moon has mountains.
o Discovered that the milky way is made up of
stars.
• 1609: GALILEO GALILEI o He was the first person ever to see the planet
o An Italian astronomer, physicist and Neptune. We know this from drawings and
engineer, was one of the greatest his notebook. He observed that it was
astronomers in history. moving. Unfortunately, Galileo lost track of
o He was the first person to study the sky the moving star he had found. Neptune was
with a telescope. not discovered until 1846.
o became a skilled telescope builder and
made money selling them to merchants
in Venice.
I. MEDICINE
• Few effective drugs existed, beyond opium and

quinine.
• William Harvey
• With the Renaissance came an increase in
experimental investigation, principally in the o English physician who was the first to
field of dissection and body examination, recognize the full circulation of the blood in the
thus advancing our knowledge of human human body and to provide experiments and
anatomy. arguments to support this idea. he was also
the first to identify the physiological difference
between veins and arteries.
• Otto Brunfels
o Published Portraits of Living Plants, a
botanical work that employed freshly drawn
illustrations from living plants, undermining
the practice of copying drawings from existing
accounts.
• Andreas Vesalius (1514-1564)

o Modern Neurology Began in the 16th
century,
o Described the anatomy of the brain and
other organs.
o In 1543, he published De fabrica (On
the Fabric of the Human Body)
o Once, criticizing the work of,
• Leonardo Da Vinci
Galen, offering you and stations based
on first-hand observation and fresh o A Renaissance painter, sculptor, architect,
dissections. inventor, military engineer and draftsman
- the epitome of a true Renaissance man.
o He also studied anatomy. his Vitruvian Man
is an example of the blend of art and science
during the Renaissance.
• For his works such as the Last Supper and
Mona Lisa.

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SAN PEDRO COLLEGE – MAIN CAMPUS

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE

OUTLINE II. THE RENAISSANCE PERIOD

I. THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE AND o “REBIRTH”

III. THE GREAT ADVANCES

● Johannes Gutenberg was the inventor of

IV. PRINTING PRESS

● Some Important Renaissance technologies;

● These inventions allowed modern people to

● Newspaper is the offspring of the printing press

● An ancient branch of natural philosophy, a

● Paracelsus was an alchemist and a physician of the

• IN 1543: NICOLAS COPERNICUS

• IN 1572: TYCHO BRAHE

• IN 1594: JOHANNES KEPLER • More of Galileo Galilei:

• Few effective drugs existed, beyond opium and

• Andreas Vesalius (1514-1564)

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