CHAPTER 6:

ROOFING
MATERIALS
Alejandro, Arman
Alfonso, Yahra
Arenal, Jayson
Nana, Alexander James
 This Chapter will include the
discussion of the following:
Introduction
6-1 Galvanized Iron Sheet
6-2 Estimating G.I. Roof and Its Accessories
6-3 Gutter, Flashing, Ridge, Hipped and Valley Roll
6-4 Asbestos Roofing
6-5 Colorbond Klip-Lok
6-6 Banawe Horizontal Metal Tile
6-7 Marcelo Roofing System
6-8 Colorbond Custom Orb
6-9 Milano Long Span Steel Bricks
6-10 Colorbond Trimdex Hi-Ten
6-11 Asphalt Roof Shingle
6-12 UPVC Roofing Sheet
6-13 Spanflex
6-14 Brick Tile Roofing
ROOFING MATERIALS

It is the outermost layer on the roof of a building, some of which are self-
supporting, but generally supported by an underlying structure. The roof is one of the
main elements of the structure which provides shelter from the natural elements.

There are many different roofing materials that can be considered into our
structure depending on the type of the building, the budget, or even the aesthetic that
the owner wants to achieve.
 1. ROLLED ROOFING

Rolled roofing materials is the mainstay of

low-slope residential roofs as well as out
buildings like shops and sheds and other
utilitarian structures. This type of roofing consists
of long rolls of mineral-infused and asphalt-
infused material topped with mineral granules
with each roll having 100 square feet of roofing
with the width of 3 feet. This type of roofing can
be inexpensive by having a range of $1.50 to $2.50
and last on an average of 10 years before
replacement.
 2. BUILT-UP ROOFING

This type is one of the oldest options for

materials for flat roofs or roofs that are very low
in pinch. BUR systems are constructed with
several layers of roofing felt saturated with
asphalt that is applied hot. The felt is applied in
overlapping layers to form a barrier two to four
layers thick. Then a layer of finely crushed stone
is embedded in hot tar over the top layer. This
type of roofing can be inexpensive by having a
range of $2.50 to $5.00 and last on an average of
10 years before replacement
 3. MEMBRANE ROOFING

Another choice for flat or roof with pitch

roofs is the membrane roofing. There are several
types of membrane, mainly neoprene, EPDM
(ethylene propylene diene monomer), PVC
(Polyvinyl chloride) and the like. Mainly EPDM is
used as it is also referred as “rubber roofing” with
the application of large sheets in rolled asphalt
roofing which can limit the places where the
water can infiltrate. This type of roofing can be
inexpensive by having a range of $4.00 to $8.00
and last on an average of 10 years before
replacement
 4. ASPHALT COMPOSITE SHINGLES

Asphalt composite shingles are the most

popular roofing material in North America. Made
from a fiberglass base topped with asphalt and
mineral granules, these three-tab shingles are an
all-around good choice for most home roofing
needs. They typically come with a 20- to 30-year
warranty and replacing individual shingles that
are damaged is an easy job. This type of roofing
can be inexpensive by having a range of $1.50 to
$4.50 per square foot and last on an average of 12
to 30 years before replacement
 5. STANDING SEAM METAL ROOFING

The most common type of metal roof is the

standing seam roof, so named because the
aluminum or steel roofing panels meet in raised
seams that interlock to keep moisture out. Metal
roofs of all kinds are increasingly popular in
regions with heavy snowfall or where there is a
notable danger of wildfires since this is a roofing
material that is fully fireproof. This type of roofing
can be inexpensive by having a range of $6.00 to
$12.00 per square foot and last on an average of
30 to 50 years before replacement
 6. METAL SHINGLES / SHAKES

For homeowners who do not like the look of

standing seam metal roofs but want the
advantages of metal, there are steel or aluminum
shingles or shakes now available. Made from
stamped metal and finished with either a high-
quality baked-on coating or mineral granules,
metal shingles can be fabricated to look very
much like traditional asphalt shingles, wooden
shakes, or even slate or clay tiles. They are an
excellent choice where appearance is a critical
concern. This type of roofing can be inexpensive
by having a range of $7.00 to $10.00 per square
foot and last on an average of 30 to 50 years
before replacement
 7. WOOD SHINGLE OR SHAKES

Wood roofs are very attractive, but they are also

quite expensive and have limitations. They are not
particularly long-lived, and they are a poor choice
in areas that get lots of moisture or where
wildfires are a danger. Still, they are among the
most attractive of all roofing materials, which
makes them a popular choice for luxury homes.
This type of roofing can be inexpensive by having
a range of $4.50 to $9.00 per square foot and last
on an average of 30 to 50 years before
replacement depending on the maintenance.
 8. CLAY TILE

Clay tile is made from earthen clays molded

into rolled or interlocking shapes and fired for
hardness. It is often left unglazed, with the
characteristic reddish-orange color; or it can be
glazed and fired to form ceramic roofing tiles. Clay
tile is a very good roofing material for hot climates
or where salt air is present, which is why these
roofs are seen so often in southern coastal regions
or desert regions. This type of roofing can be
inexpensive by having a range of $10 to $18 per
square foot and can last for more than a century.
 9. CONCRETE TILES

Concrete tile is an alternative to clay tile,

with similar installation techniques and similar
advantages. Concrete tiles are molded from
standard sand-mix concrete colored to whatever
hues are desired. A variety of profiles are
available, some of which resemble rolled clay
tiles, others that are low-profile resembling wood
shakes. Concrete tile is sometimes finished with a
decorative coating. It is a very heavy roofing
material, making it a good choice in high-wind
regions. This type of roofing can be inexpensive
by having a range of $10.00 to $15.00 per square
foot and last on an average of 50 years or longer.
 10. SLATE SHINGLES

A slate roof is perhaps the most beautiful

roofing material there is—a choice for the
homeowner who will accept only the finest. There
are slate roofs hundreds of years old that are still
functioning. True slate roofing is just as it sounds:
authentic, thin sheets of real stone. Because slate
has a tendency to cleave off in thin sheets, it is
easy to quarry, making it ideal for roofing. But
installing slate is a highly specialized skill, and
qualified installers can be hard to find. This type
of roofing can be inexpensive by having a range of
$9.00 to $12.00 per square foot and last on an
average of 75 to 200 years.
 11. SYNTHETIC (RUBBER) SLATE TILES

Synthetic slate shingles are a surprisingly

convincing stand-in for natural slate, but this
material is constructed from engineered polymers
combined with recycled plastic and rubber. From
the ground, it can be virtually impossible to
distinguish this engineered roofing from natural
slate. And synthetic slate is quite lightweight,
making it a viable option for houses that cannot
support the heavy weight of natural slate. This
type of roofing can be inexpensive by having a
range of $3.00 to $9.00 per square foot and last
on an average of 50 years.
 12. ECO-FRIENDLY GREEN ROOF

Moss is usually regarded as a bad sign when

found on your roof, but when properly planned
for, moss and other living plant materials provide
an effective roofing material that gives back to the
earth. A truly unorthodox type of roof, the green
or living roof nevertheless holds much promise. It
can remove pollutants from the air, provide
thermal insulation to your house, absorb
rainwater, and even allow you to grow plants.
Costs for a green roof vary widely, but this is a
roof for those willing to spend money to make an
environmental statement. Such roofs will also
require regular maintenance to keep them lasting
a long time.
 6-1
CORRUGATED
ROOFING
 CORRUGATED ROOFING

From the word corrugated, this type of roofing

sheet has repetitive folds. The corrugation that it
forms intensifies the roof’s integrity. This option is
for people looking for environmental-friendly
materials. This is widely used for various purposes
due to its proven durability (as compared to its flat
counterparts). It is ideal for garages, sheds,
carports, porches, etc.

Galvanized Steel Sheet. It is a carbon steel

sheet coated with zinc produced through
continuous hot dip process. This can be used either
bare or painted.
 CORRUGATED ROOFING

The most common roofing material is the

galvanized iron sheet popularity known as G.I.
sheet. G.I. sheet is either plain or corrugated. Plain
sheet is used for roofing, gutter, flashing,
downspout, ridge, hip, and valley roll. Plain sheet
standard commercial size is 90 x 240 centimeters
long.

Corrugated galvanized iron sheet on the other

hand, is widely used for roofing and sidings having
standard width of 80 centimeters with varying
length from 150 to 360 centimeters at consecutive
intervals of 30 centimeters. Long span corrugated
sheets are also available on special order.
 CORRUGATED ROOFING

Thickness of galvanized iron sheet is

measured in terms of Gauge Number from 14 to
30. The sheet becomes thinners as Gauge Number
from 14 to 30. The sheet becomes thinner as gauge
number becomes larger. Gauge 26 is the most
extensively used for roofing and various tin works
and gauge 24 is specified for gutters and valley
rolls.
 TABLE 6-1 STANDARD
WEIGHT OF GALVANIZED
IRON SHEET IN
KILOGRAMS
 REMINDERS:

Before estimating the required number of corrugated roofing sheets, the following
information should be considered first:

1. Verify the plan if the side lapping is 1-1/2 or 2-1/2 corrugations.

2. If it is 1-1/2 corrugations, the effective width covering per sheet is
0.70 meters or 0.60 meters for 2-1/2 corrugations.
3. The standard end-lapping joint is from 25 to 30 centimeters long.
This is important in determining the length of the G.I. sheet to
avoid unnecessary cutting or excessive overlapping. In short, the
length of the roof sheet governs the spacing distance of the purlins.
For this purpose, refer to Table 6-2.
4. A good roofing design minimizes end lapping joint. Longer length
of roofing design minimizes end lapping joint. Longer length of
roofing sheet is preferred for economical reasons
 6-2
ESTIMATING G.I.
ROOF AND ITS
ACCESSORIES
PROCESS OF ESTIMATION

1. Determine the length of the purlins along the gutter line. This distance is
perpendicular with the roof direction.
2. Divide this length by the effective width covering of one G.I. sheet using wither
0.70 for 1-1/2 corrugations or 0.60 m for 2-1/2 corrugations. The result is the
number of sheets for one row
3. Determine the length of the rafter or top chord. Choose the right combination
of roofing sheets that will satisfy this length considering the 25 to 30
centimeters standard end lapping
PROCESS OF ESTIMATION

4. Multiply the result found in step – 2 by each length of sheet combination as

found in step-3
5. Determine the number of G.I. nails or rivets and washers in kilograms using
Table 6-2 and 6-3.
6. take note that the number of plain anchor strap and lead washer is the same as
the quantity of rivets
7. Find the number of plain G.I. sheets required for anchor strap with the aid of
Table 6-4.
 6-2
SAMPLE PROBLEM 1
 Sample Problem
From the figure, find the number of corrugated G.I. roof sheets and its accessories
required if the side lapping specify 1-1/2 corrugations with 30 cm. end lapping on a 2” x
3” purlins

A. Corrugated G.I. Sheets

B. Rivets
C. G.I. Washers
D. Plain G.I. Strap on 2” x 3” Purlins
E. Lead Washers
F. Summary of the Materials
A. Corrugated G.I. Sheets

1. Divide the length of the gutter by the

effective width covering of one sheet. Refer
to table 6-2 under 1-1/2 corrugations.

.
.
= 20 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑡𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑟𝑜𝑤

2. The length of the rafter is 6.00 meters, a

combination of 3.60 and 2.70 meters long
G.I sheets (12ft and 9ft)

𝑂𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑟:
20 pcs of 32” x 12’ Corrugated GI Sheets
20 pcs of 32” x 9’ Corrugated GI Sheets
B. Rivets

1. Refer to Table 6-2. For a 12 ft and 9 ft long roof

sheet, multiply:

For 12ft long: 20 pcs x 26 = 520 pieces

For 9ft long: 20 pcs x 22 = 440 pieces

Total Rivets = 520 + 440 =960 pieces

2. Convert to kilograms. Refer to Table 6-3; divide:

= 5.3 𝑘𝑔 𝑠𝑎𝑦 5.5 𝑘𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑠

C. G.I. Washers

1. Double the number of Rivets

960 𝑝𝑐𝑠 𝑥 2 = 1920 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠

2. Convert to kilograms. Refer to Table 6-3, for

G.I. washers, divide:

= 15.24 𝑘𝑔 𝑠𝑎𝑦 15.5 𝑘𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑠

D. Plain G.I. Strap on 2” x 3” Purlins

1. Total number of rivets = 960 pieces

2. Refer to table 6-4. Using a 2” x 3” purlins, divide:

= 2.5 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝐺𝐼 𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑡𝑠

E. Lead Washers

1. Number of rivets is the same as the lead

washers = 960 pieces

2. Refer to table 6-3. For lead washers, divide:

= 12.8 𝑠𝑎𝑦 13 kilograms

F. Summary of the Materials

Material Quantity
32” x 12’ Corrugated GI Sheet 20 pcs
32” x 9’ Corrugated GI Sheet 20 pcs
GI Rivets 5.5 kg
GI Washers 15.5 kg
Lead Washers 13.0 kg
Plain GI Sheet 2.5 pcs
 6-2
SAMPLE PROBLEM 2
 Sample Problem
From the figure, find the number of corrugated G.I. roof sheets and its accessories
(rivets, washers, lead washers, including the plain GI straps) required if the side lapping
specify 2-1/2 corrugations with 30 cm. end lapping on a 2” x 4” purlins

A. Corrugated G.I. Sheets

B. Rivets
C. G.I. Washers & Lead Washers
D. Plain G.I. Strap on 2” x 4” Purlins
E. Summary of the Materials
A. Corrugated G.I. Sheets

1. Find the number of roof sheets aling th

18.00 meters gutter. Refer to Table 6-2 2-
1/2 side lapping, divide;

.
.
= 30 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑡𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑟𝑜𝑤

2. Determine the length of the rafter. For a

6.00 meter rafter, try a combination of 3.0
(12’) and 2.70m (9’) long GI sheet, refer to
Table 6-5
30 pcs of 32” x 12’ Corrugated GI Sheets
30 pcs of 32” x 9’ Corrugated GI Sheets

𝑁𝑜𝑡𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑣𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑛𝑙𝑦 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝑠𝑜,
2 x 30 = 60 pcs of 32” x 12’ Corrugated GI Sheets
2 x 30 = 60 pcs of 32” x 9’ Corrugated GI Sheets
A. Corrugated G.I. Sheets

3.Determine that the roof is a hipped type,

wastage on cutting is cannot be avoided.
Hence, provide an additional allowance of
5% if the angle of the hip is 45 deg and
10% if the angle is not 45 deg. Get a longer
sheet to avoid excessive wastage in
cutting. Thus;

60 + 60 = 120 pcs x 5% = 6 pieces of 12’

𝑂𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑟:
66 pcs of 32” x 12’ Corrugated GI Sheets
60 pcs of 32” x 9’ Corrugated GI Sheets
B. Rivets

1. Refer to Table 6-2. For a 12 ft and 9 ft long roof

sheet, multiply:

For 12ft long: 60 pcs x 26 = 1,560 pieces

For 9ft long: 60 pcs x 22 = 1,320 pieces

Total Rivets = 1,560+1,320 =2,880 pieces

2. Convert to kilograms. Refer to Table 6-3; divide:

,
= 16 𝑘𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑠
C. G.I. Washers & Lead Washers

1. Double the number of Rivets

2,880 𝑝𝑐𝑠 𝑥 2 = 5,760 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠

2. Convert to kilograms. Refer to Table 6-3, for
G.I. washers, divide:
,
= 45.7 𝑘𝑔 𝑠𝑎𝑦 46 𝑘𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑠

3. For Lead Washer, it is the same number as the

rivets. Refer to Table 6-3, divide;

,
= 38.5 𝑘𝑔 𝑠𝑎𝑦 39 𝑘𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑠
D. Plain G.I. Anchor Strap

1. Refer to Table 6-4. The size of GI strap on a 2”

x 4” purlin is 1” x 10”

2. Number of strap is 2,880 equal to the number

of rivets. Find the number of plain sheet needed to
produce the 2,880 anchor strap. Refer to table 6-
4, Divide;

2,880
= 8.42 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑠𝑎𝑦 9 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑖𝑛 36" 𝑥 8𝑓𝑡 𝐺𝐼 𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑡𝑠
342

3. Find the common wire nails to fasten the anchor

strap.
2,880 𝑥 3 𝑛𝑎𝑖𝑙𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑝 = 8,640 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠

4. Common to kg. One kilo 4d, 32 mm c.w. nail is

approximately 695 pieces. Divide;

8,640
= 12.43 𝑘𝑔 𝑠𝑎𝑦 12.5 𝑘𝑘𝑔 4𝑑 𝑐. 𝑤. 𝑛𝑎𝑖𝑙
695
E. Summary of the Materials

Material Quantity
32” x 12’ Corrugated GI Sheet 66 pieces
32” x 9’ Corrugated GI Sheet 60 pieces
GI Rivets 16 kg
GI Washers 46 kg
Lead Washers 39 kg
1-1/2” Common Wire Nails 12.5 kg
Plain GI Sheet 9 pcs
 6-3
GUTTER, FLASHING, RIDGE,
HIPPED AND VALLEY ROLL
 ROOF ACCESSORIES

In building construction, these items are

categorized as roof accessories under tinsmith
work. Estimating these type of accessories is
simply determining the number of plain G.I. sheet
needed to fabricate the gutter, flashing and
different rolls according to the form and shape as
shown on the plan.

Experienced tinsmith worker do start cutting

from the gutter then to the flushing down to the
smallest plain GI strap.
 ROOF ACCESSORIES - GUTTER

Gutter is the part of the building’s rainwater

discharge system that runs around the perimeter
of the roof and collects the runoff water from the
roof, directing it to downspouts, then discharges it.

Here are the 3 basic types of Gutter; The K-

style gutters, half-round gutters and box-type
gutters. These gutters can also be made from a
variety of materials ranging from aluminum,
plastics, steel and the like depending on the
requirement from the plan or the budget of the
owner.
 ROOF ACCESSORIES - FLASHING

A roof system requires flashings to

weatherproof any area where a penetration
occurs. This includes rakes and eaves, pipe vents,
walls, skylights, chimneys, and valleys. Flashings
are the most important component of a roof. If the
flashing is not installed with great attention to
detail, leaks will occur.

Here are some of the types of Flashing

depending on what the situation calls for
 ROOF ACCESSORIES -
FLASHING

Headwall Flashing Ridge Flashing

Counter-Flashing &
Step-Flashing
 ROOF ACCESSORIES -
FLASHING

Hipped Flashing Valley Flashing Gutter Apron Flashing

PROCESS OF ESTIMATION

1. Determine the total length of the gutter in meters

2. Divide this length by 2.35 meter to find the number of gutter required (2.35 is
the effective length of one gutter)
3. Find the total width of one gutter based on the cross-section of the gutter from
the detailed plan.
4. The width of one plain GI sheet is 0.90 meters. Divide by 0.90 m. by the result
of step 3 to find out how many gutter could be made out from one plain GI
sheet
5. The fractional values as extra cut will be reserved for other smaller parts.
6. Divide the result of step 2 by the result of step 4. the result is the required
number of GI sheet.
 6-3
SAMPLE PROBLEM 1
 Sample Problem
From the figure, find the number of plain G.I. sheets required to fabricate the open
gutter as illustrated
SOLUTION:

1. Find the total length of the roof gutter

(2 x 18.00)+(2 x 10.00)= 56.00 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠

2. Divide length by 2.35 meters, the

effective length of gutter.

.
= 23.82 𝑠𝑎𝑦 24 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠
.
SOLUTION:

3. The total width of the gutter is 52.5

centimeters. Subtract 52.5 from 90cm, the
standard width of one plain GI sheet.

90 cm – 52.5 cm = 37.5 extra cut

𝑂𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑟:
24 – 90cm x 2.40m plain GI sheets
 6-3
SAMPLE PROBLEM 2
 Sample Problem
From the figure, find the number of plain G.I. sheet required to fabricate the gutter,
ridge roll and flashing as illustrated
A. Gutter

1. Find the total length of the roof gutter

(2 x 10.00)= 20.00 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠

2. Divide length by 2.35 meters, the effective length of gutter.

.
= 8.5 𝑠𝑎𝑦 9 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠
.

3. Total width of gutter is 45 cm. Divide width of Plain GI sheet by 45 cm.

= 2 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝐺𝐼 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑡.

4. Divide the result of step 2 by step 3

= 4.5 𝑠𝑎𝑦 5 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐺𝐼 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑡𝑠

B. Flashing

1. Find the total length of the flashing

(4 x 4.50)= 18.00 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠

2. Divide length by 2.30, the effective length of flashing.

.
= 7.8 𝑠𝑎𝑦 8 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠
.

3. Total width of flashing is 45 cm. Divide width of Plain GI sheet by 45 cm.

= 2 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝐺𝐼 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑡.

4. Divide the result of step 2 by step 3

= 4 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐺𝐼 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑡𝑠
C. Ridge Roll

1. The total length of the ridge roll is 10 meters. Divide by the

length of one ridge roll. See table 6-6
.
= 4.5 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠 of ridge roll
.

2. Determine how many ridge roll can be made out from one plain
GI sheet. Width of plain sheet divided by width of ridge roll

= 2 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝐺𝐼 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑡.

3. Divide the result of step 1 by step 2

.
= 2.25 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐺𝐼 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑡𝑠
 D. Summary of the Materials

For Gutter: 5 pieces

For Flashing: 4 pieces
For Ridge Roll: 2 pieces

Total: Order 11 pieces of plain GI sheets

For Valley and Hipped roll

The estimating procedure for valley and hipped roll is the same as that of the gutter, flashing
and ridge roll with the aid of table 6-7
6-4 ASBESTOS ROOFING
Prepared by: Arenal, Jayson M.
Course/Section: BSCE-3A
Unlike galvanized iron roofing sheet where accessories from gutter
down to the smallest anchor straps are made on site out from the
standard size of plain G.I. sheet, estimating asbestos' roofing material is
much simpler because all the roof accessories and parts to be used
such as gutter, ridge, hip and valley rolls are all factory made ready for
installation.
What is Asbestos?

 Asbestos is the name for six minerals made of fibers found naturally in the
earth. These minerals have been used in construction and manufacturing
for many reasons.
 For starters, asbestos fibers are flexible and resistant to heat, fire, chemicals,
and electricity. That's why they've been used in home and business
construction materials, automotive parts, and even textiles.
 But the fibers that form asbestos separate easily into tiny pieces when
they're handled or damaged. They're too small to see, and they're easy to
breathe in. They can build up in your lungs and cause health problems.
 Asbestos minerals are divided into
two major groups: Serpentine
asbestos and amphibole asbestos.
 Serpentine asbestos includes the
mineral chrysotile, which has long,
curly fibers that can be woven.
 Chrysotile asbestos is the form that
has been used most widely in
commercial applications.
 Amphibole asbestos includes the
minerals actinolite, tremolite,
anthophyllite, crocidolite, and
amosite.
 Amphibole asbestos has straight,
needle-like fibers that are more
brittle than those of serpentine
asbestos and are more limited in
their ability to be fabricated.
 Corrugated asbestos cement
sheets (CACS) is one of the most
common low-risk asbestos
containing materials (ACMs). The
asbestos fibres in CACS bind tightly
to the base material matrix of the
cement. Therefore, under normal
circumstances, CACS will not
release any asbestos fibres, cause
air pollution or affect public health.
TAKE NOTE:

 However, improper handling or removal of CACS may give rise to release of

very fine asbestos fibres which will remain airborne for a very long period of
time. Under these circumstances, it is possible that people will inhale some
of these fibres which, once inhaled, can remain in the body for many years
and hence increase their health risk due to such exposure.
Different Kinds of Asbestos Roofing:

 Standard Corrugated Sheets

 4-V Corrugated Sheet
 Placa Romana Roofing
 Kanaletas
 Tencorr Corrugated Sheet
 Ardex Corrugated Sheet
 Standard Corrugated Sheets

 From the word corrugated, this

type of roofing sheet has
repetitive folds. The corrugation
that it forms intensifies the roof’s
integrity. This option is for people
looking for environmental-
friendly materials.
 Their design in a way similar to a
“wave-like” structure.
 4-V Corrugated Sheet

 It is a corrugated type of roofing

but the design are modified to
have a V-Shape structure.
 More engineered type of roof
due to its structure.
 Placa Romana Roofing

 Placa Romana, with its

distinctive profile, creates
beautiful roof lines for structure
of all types. The predominantly
large vertical corrugations
transversed by fine horizontal
lines created by ribbing of the
sheets, blends well with either
the modern or traditional style of
architecture.
 Kanaletas (Gutter)

 Kanaleta or Gutter is Cylindrical

channel and a type of conduit
that receives and conducts
liquid substances and is
characterized by being an arc
of circumference with a
breathing slot. The gutter is a
conduit that receives and
conducts the water from the
roofs to the rainwater collection
network. U-shaped design.
 BRAND TYPES OF CORRUGATED SHEETS:
 They are both specialized for
supplying standard and
modifications of specialty
corrugated products in a full range
of styles, format, and quantities.
They are responsible for making
the products more durable and
tough against any other weather
conditions.

 Tencorr Corrugated Sheet

 Ardex Corrugated Sheet

a. Standard Ardex

b. Super Ardex
ESTIMATING PROCEDURE:

 The number of corrugated asbestos roofing required is determined by

dividing the gutter length by the effective width covering of one sheet.
 In finding the number of accessories such as flashing, gutter, ridge, hip and
valley roll, divide each total length by the effective length of the
accessories.
 Other parts such as ridge end cap, apron flashing, gutter corner, down
spout and fittings are found by direct counting. They are all ready made-
according to factory standard ·sizes.
COMPUTATION:
 Solution:

 Standard Sheet
1.) Find the total length of the
gutter: 2 x 26 = 52.00 meters
2.) Refer to Table 6-8. Divide 52.00
meters by the effective width.
Therefore 52 meters / 0.838 = 62
pieces of asbestos
 Solution:

 Gutter
1.) Total length of the ridge roll is
= 26.00 meter.
2.) Refer to Table 6-8, divide this
length of one gutter.
(2 x 26 meters) / 2.336 = 22.26
pieces
 Solution:

 Ridge Roll

1.) Total length of the ridge is =

26.00 meter.

2.) Refer to Table 6-8 for ridge roll.

26.00 m / 0.838 = 31 pieces of

ridge roll
 Solution:

 Flashing

1.) Find the total length of the

flashing (see figure).

3.00 m x 4 sides = 12.00 meters

 Solution:

 For outside flashing

1.) Refer to Table 6-8, for outside

flashing:

12.00 m / 2.286 = 5.25 say 6

pieces, outside flashing.
 Solution:

 Ridge End Cap

1.) From Figure 6-9. By actual

count, there are 2 ridge end cap.
Order 2 pieces.
SUMMARY OF MATERIALS:
TECHNICAL DATA

 Technical data means all designs, dimensions, specifications, drawings,

patterns, know-how, or other information concerning the methods,
manufacturing processes, equipment, gauges, and tools used in the
design, manufacture, assembly, operation, repair, testing, maintenance, or
modification of Products.
4V-Corrugated Sheets
Tencor Roofing
Kanaletas (Gutter)
Ardex Roofing
Placa Romana
6-5 Colorbond Klip-Lok
Prepared by: Arenal, Jayson M.
Course/Section: BSCE-3A
Colorbond Klip-Lok
 Colorbond is a corrosion resistant zinc coated steel sheet pre-painted steel
ribbed tray roofing and walling with the following special features.
1. Concealed Fastening
2. Lock action rib design
3. Attractive fluted trays
4. Near flat roof slope
5. Less supports-wider spaced
6. Strong lightweight steel
7. Custom cut long lengths
 Kliplok - Strong, versatile long-length roofing or walling. The concealed
fastening method enables its use on many applications from low pitched
roofs to vertical or horizontal ribbed walling. Fixing clips secure sheets
without puncturing. No exposed fasteners for clean, smooth lines.
Concealed Fastening

 Concealed fastener
wall/roof panels are
attached to the substructure
without visible fasteners.
Instead, concealed fastener
panels are installed with clips
and/or screws hidden behind
the face of the panel.
Lock action rib design

 Perfect for low-pitched roofs

(between 10 degrees and 35
degrees (slope)) and vertical
and horizontal ribbed
walling.
Attractive fluted trays

 These ribs naturally have gaps

(called “flutes”) that need to be
filled in order to support the
roofing/walling material and
membrane laid above.
Near flat roof slope

 Slope of the roof

lies between 10 to
35 degrees
Less supports-wider spaced

 Less support since it

has lower slope and
only involved few
members of truss.
Accommodate wider
space in roof.
Strong lightweight steel

 The Klip Lok Steel made

up/compose of different
element making it more
durable and lightweight
at the same time and
can withstand heavy
conditions or weather.
Custom cut long lengths

 The custom cut long

lengths may vary
from the supplier or
company/hardware.
It will also depend on
the preferences or
the modifications of
the customer on the
roof.
Parts and Dimension:
Technical Data of Colorbond Klip-Lok
RECOMMENDED FASTENERS
 Two fasteners required per clip
 Commercial and residential contractors and homeowners should consider
the structure’s thermal needs and the insulation panel’s material and cost.
RECOMMENDED FASTENERS