ANDERSON SERANGOON JUNIOR COLLEGE

H2 Chemistry 9729 2020 JC1 Common Test Section A Worked Solutions

1 The table shows the relative abundances of the isotopes in a sample of titanium.

relative isotopic mass 46 47 48 49 50

relative abundance 11.2 10.1 100.0 7.3 7.0

What is the relative atomic mass of titanium in this sample?

A 48.00
B 47.92
C 47.90
D 47.89

Answer: B

(46 11.2)  (47 10.1)  (48 100)  (49  7.3)  (50  7)

Relative atomic mass =
11.2  10.1  100  7.3  7.0
= 6497.6 / 135.6
= 47.92

2 Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question.

What do the ions 31P3– and 39K+ have in common?

A Both ions contain the same number of nucleons in their nuclei.

B Both ions have the same electronic configuration.
C Both ions have more electrons than neutrons.
D Both ions have 20 neutrons in their nuclei.

Answer: B

P3– and K+ have the same electronic configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6.
Note that not all species with the same number of electrons will have the same electronic
configuration, e.g. Fe2+ and Cr.

31
15 P3 contains 15 protons, 18 (15 + 3) electrons and 16 (31 – 15) neutrons.
39
19 K  contains 19 protons, 18 (19 – 1) electrons and 20 (39 – 19) neutrons.

A is incorrect. P3– has 31 (15 + 16) nucleons while K+ has 39 (19 + 20) nucleons.
C is incorrect. P3– has more electrons than neutrons while K+ has less electrons than
neutrons.
D is incorrect. P3– has 16 neutrons while K+ has 20 neutrons.

1
3 Electrons and protons (subatomic particles) were fired with equal velocity into an electric field.

+
beam of
subatomic
particles

Which row describes the behaviour of the electrons and protons?

relative amount
electrons protons
of deflection
A deflected towards deflected towards electrons deflected
(–) plate (+) plate more than protons

B deflected towards deflected towards protons deflected

(–) plate (+) plate more than electrons

C deflected towards deflected towards electrons deflected

(+) plate (–) plate more than protons

D deflected towards deflected towards protons deflected

(+) plate (–) plate more than electrons

Answer: C

Electrons will be deflected towards (+) plate while protons will be deflected towards the (‒) plate.
z
Since angle of deflection is proportional to , electrons with a lower mass will be deflected
m
more than protons.

2
4 Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question.

How many carbon atoms are present in 37 g of propanoic acid, CH3CH2COOH?

[L = Avogadro constant]

L 3L
A B L C D 3L
2 2

Answer: C

37
No. of moles of CH3CH2COOH = = 0.500 mol
74
No. of moles of carbon atoms = 0.500 x 3 = 1.50 mol
3L
Number of carbon atoms = 1.50 x L =
2

5 Which statements about relative molecular mass are correct?

1 It is the ratio of the average mass of a molecule to the mass of a 12C atom.
2 It is the sum of the relative atomic masses of all the atoms within the molecule.
3 It is the ratio of the mass of 1 mol of molecules to the mass of 1 mol of 1H atoms.

A 1 only
B 2 only
C 1 and 2 only
D 1, 2 and 3

Answer: B
average mass of one molecule of the substance
Relative molecular mass of a substance, Mr = 1
12
 mass of one atom of 12 C isotope

Relative molecular mass of a compound the sum of the Ar of all the atoms in the molecule.

3
6 In an experiment, 20 cm3 of 0.150 mol dm−3 potassium ferrate(VI), K2FeO4, requires
15 cm3 of 0.300 mol dm−3 sodium ethanedioate, Na2C2O4, in an acidic medium for complete
reaction.

The half equation for the oxidation of C2O42– is shown below.

C2O42– → 2CO2 + 2e–

What is the final oxidation state of the iron–containing species after the reaction?

A +1 B +2 C +3 D +4

Answer: C

20
Amount of K2FeO4 = 1000 x 0.150 = 3.00 x 10–3 mol
15
Amount of Na2C2O4 = x 0.300 = 4.50 x 10–3 mol
1000
Amount of electrons lost by C2O42– = 2 x 4.50 x 10–3
= 9.00 x 10–3 mol (undergoes oxidation)

3.00 x 10–3 mol of K2FeO4 gained 9.00 x 10–3 mol of electrons (undergoes reduction)
1 mol of K2FeO4 gained 3 mol of electrons.

Initial oxidation state of Fe in K2FeO4 = +6

Final oxidation state = +6 – 3 = +3

7 Which type of structure does not correspond to its description of physical properties?

structure physical properties

low melting point, does not conduct

A simple molecular
electricity in any state
high melting point, conducts electricity
B giant molecular
when in solution but not when solid
variety of melting points, conducts
C giant metallic
electricity when solid and when molten
high melting point, conducts electricity
D giant ionic
when molten but not when solid

Answer: B

Solid graphite (giant molecular) conducts electricity (due to presence of delocalised e–).

4
8 Which ionic solid is likely to have the strongest ionic bonds?

A caesium chloride
B caesium fluoride
C sodium chloride
D sodium fluoride

Answer: D

cationic radius: Na+ < Cs+ ; anionic radius: F– < Cl–

Since Na+ and F– have smaller ionic radii, i.e. smaller inter–ionic distance, NaF will have the
strongest ionic bonds.

9 The concepts of bond energy, bond length and bond polarity are useful when comparing the
behaviour of similar molecules, e.g. thermal stability.

For example, it could be said

“Compared with the HCl molecule, the bond ….X..... of the HI molecule is ….Y…. .”

Which pairs of words correctly complete the above sentence?

X Y
1 energy greater
2 length greater
3 polarity lesser

A 1, 2 and 3
B 1 and 2 only
C 2 and 3 only
D 1 only

Answer: C

 Size of valence orbitals: I > Cl

 Valence orbitals of I are more diffused than that of Cl
 Overlap of orbitals is less effective in H–I than in H–Cl
 H−I bond is weaker than H−Cl bond
Hence, bond energy: H−I < H–Cl; bond length: H−I > H–Cl

 Electronegativity: I < Cl
Hence, H−I bond is less polar than H–Cl bond

5
10 Which of the following molecules are polar?

1 SF4
2 SO2
3 CO2

A 1, 2 and 3
B 1 and 2 only
C 2 and 3 only
D 1 only

Answer: B

F
F
:S ..
F S
F O O O C O
see–saw bent linear
polar polar non–polar

11 When the temperature of a 2.0 dm3 sample of a gas was changed from 20 C to k C at constant
volume, the pressure of the gas was found to have increased from 1 atm to 2 atm.

What is the value of k?

A 10 B 40 C 313 D 586

Answer: C

pV = nRT
At constant V, for the same amount of gas, P ∝ T
P1 P2

T1 T2
1 2
=
273+20 273+k
k = 313 o C

6
12 Which graph correctly describes the behaviour of a fixed mass of an ideal gas?
(T is measured in K.)

A B

pV pV
constant V constant T

T 1ൗ
p
C D

V constant T V constant p

1ൗ T
p

Answer: B

Option A: pV against T has a y = mx type of graph. Wrong shape of graph ⇒ option A is incorrect.
Option B: pV against 1/p has a y = c graph, where nRT is the constant ⇒ option B is correct.
Option C: V against 1/p has a y = mx graph. Wrong shape of graph ⇒ option C is incorrect.
Option D: V against T has a y = mx graph. Wrong shape of graph ⇒ option D is incorrect.

7
13 A 5.0 dm3 sample of oxygen at a pressure of 200 kPa and another 2.0 dm3 sample of oxygen at
a pressure of 500 kPa are introduced into a 2.5 dm3 vessel at constant temperature.

What is the total pressure in the vessel?

A 500 kPa
B 700 kPa
C 725 kPa
D 800 kPa

Answer: D

For each sample of oxygen:

Using the ideal gas equation, pV = nRT

with n, R and T constant, p1V1 = p2V2

 p2 = p1V1 / V2

To determine the total pressure in the vessel:

(200)(5.0) (500)(2.0)
ptotal = +
2.5 2.5

= 400 + 400
= 800 kPa

14 Which equation correctly represents the lattice energy of sodium oxide?

1 1
A Na(g) + 4
O2(g) → 2
Na2O(s)
1 2– 1
B Na+(g) + 2
O (g) → 2
Na2O(s)
1
C 2Na(s) + 2
O2(g) → Na2O(s)

D 2Na+(g) + O2–(g) → Na2O(s)

Answer: D

The lattice energy of Na2O is the amount of heat evolved when one mole of solid Na2O is
formed from its constituent free gaseous ions, Na+ and O2–, under standard conditions of
298 K and 1 bar.

i.e. 2Na+(g) + O2–(g) → Na2O(s)

8
15 The enthalpy changes of hydration, ∆Hhyd, for calcium and chloride ions are given below.

∆Hhyd / kJ mol–1
Ca2+(g) –1650
–
Cl (g) –364

Given that the lattice energy of calcium chloride, CaCl2, is –2258 kJ mol–1, which is a correct
pairing of the enthalpy change of solution, ∆Hsolution for CaCl2 and the change in temperature of
the resulting solution when CaCl2 dissolves in water?

∆Hsolution / kJ mol–1 temperature of solution

A +244 decreases
B +244 increases
C –120 decreases
D –120 increases

Answer: D

∆Hsolution (CaCl2) = –(–2258) + (–1650) + 2(–364) = –120 kJ mol–1 ; exothermic reaction and
temperature of resulting solution shows an increase in temperature.