SKIN SYSTEM

The integumentary system comprises the skin and the appendages acting to protect the
body from various kinds of damage, such as loss of water or damages from outside. The
integumentary system damages from outside. The integumentary system includes hair, scales,
feathers, hooves, and nails.

GILLS SYSTEM

The gill consists of branched of feathery tissue richly supplied with blood vessels,
especially near the gill surface, facilitating the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide with the
surrounding water. The gills maybe enclosed in cavities, through which the water is often
forcibly pumped or they may project from the body.

TRACHEAL SYSTEM

A tracheal respiratory system in which oxygen and carbon dioxide travel primarily
through air-filled tubes called trachea. Usually the tracheal system penetrates the cuticle via
closeable valves called spiracles and ends near or within the tissue in tiny tubes called tracheoles.
The tracheae primarily serve as pipes that transport gases between the spiracles and the
tracheoles, whereas the thin-walled tracheoles are through to be the main sites of gas exchange
with the tissue. However, in many insects, the tracheae are compressible, and dilations of the
tracheae from thin walled air sacs that together serve as bellows for enhancing the flow of gasses
through the tracheal system. In general, the size of te tracheal system increases with age in order
to support the increased gas exchange needs of the larger insect. Major changes in tracheal
structure, including changes in spiracle number and tracheal system organization, can occur at
each molt and during the pupal period for endopterygote insects. The organization of the tracheal
system varies dramatically among insects, with spiracle number ranging from 0 to 20 and with
tracheal branch patterns varying widely across species, between regions, and during the
developmental stages holometabolous insects.

LUNG SYSTEM

Your lungs are part of the respiratory system, a group of organs and tissues that work
together to help you breathe. The respiratory system’s main job is to move fresh air into your
body while removing waste gases.