STUDY 02 I POST OCCUPANCY EVALUATION

POST OCCUPANCY EVALUATION

Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE) is the process of evaluating buildings in a systematic and rigorous manner
after they have been built and occupied for sometimes. POE focuses on building occupants and their needs
and thus it provide insights into the consequences of the past design decisions and the resulting building
performance to provide a sound basis for creating buildings in the future (Preiser et al, 1988).

Post Occupancy Evaluation criteria are :

● POE is one of the methodologies to evaluate the built environment performances.

● It compare actual building performance with explicitly stated human performance needs.
● Variables such as task performance, privacy, communication, safety and thermal comfort may be
considered.
● Evaluations are conducted by an individual or team on site, following a specified format, which can
range from a simple to complex investigation of concerns.
● It considers not only the technical aspects (project and construction data) but also consider aspects
related to use, operation and maintenance of the build environment from the user’ perspective.

GOAL OF POE :
● Provide the action required (or intervention) that would to propitiate the improvement of the life quality
of users.
● To produce information in the form of database, to generate systematic knowledge on the build
environment and relations between environment and behaviour.

FRAMEWORK

Management and
. Maintenance

Physical factors Architectural Features

Residential satisfactory factor

Ambient Environment

Neighbours

Social Factors Neighbourhood

Social & Recreational

facilities

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Management and Maintenance
The management attributes most commonly examined are :
● maintenance and repair,
● rules and regulations,
● management staff and policies,
● neighbourhood maintenance,
● fire safety,
● security

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Management and Maintenance

Observation:
● Residence satisfaction in varies on income groups. An higher income families management
satisfaction is much more than an middle income family.
● In most of the case private developer maintain the building for a certain time like 2-3 years and hand
over to the later building management authority.
● A large percentage of people are not satisfied with their building fire safety and security
system.Attention should be given while design this
● A large percentage of people didn’t get the promised facilities from the developer.

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Architectural features
‘Architectural Features’ of the apartment unit can be broadly categorised into :
● ‘Size’ and ‘Location’ of various rooms or spaces.
● Appearance and outlook of the building
● Functional layout of the floor plans
● Organization of serve and service space
● Indoor outdoor relation

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Architectural features

05
Architectural features

Observation:

● A buildings outlook aesthetics satisfaction depends on the income level of residence.A higher income
residents satisfactory level is higher than a middle income group.
● But from the online and offline survey we find out that most of the residents are fond of balcony and
use it for multiple purpose
● In the survey we found that most of the middle income apartment buildings don’t have a separate
servant room whereas higher income apartments have a dedicated one.
● In most cases residents have changed the initial layout as per their requirements.So flexibility in plan
should be considered while designing.

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Ambient Environment
Ambient environment of the apartment unit can be categorised into :
● Light and ventilation of the building space
● Views and surroundings of the building
● Psychological impact on the residence
● Ensure a quality living environment

20.5% 30.8%

48.4%

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Ambient Environment

Observation:
● In most of the apartments the residents were satisfied with the light and ventilation inside their
building.
● This ambient environment provide a positive healthy environment in their surroundings.

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Neighbourhood:
In the quest to identify the components of residential satisfaction, the intended study reveals ‘Neighbourhood’
as a strong predictor of satisfaction. This component includes responses to questions about satisfaction
outside the apartment. The neighborhood attributes most commonly examined are :
● Neighborhood quality,
● Cleanliness,
● Immediate surrounding,
● Safety & security concern.

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Neighbourhood:

Observation:

● Residence satisfaction in varies on income groups. Where the land value is higher the neighborhood
satisfaction level is higher there too.
● But from the online and offline survey we find out that most of the common areas of the apartment
buildings remains clean. Which increase their satisfactory level.
● Though we have found a mixed reaction on safety and security concern of the residents. It again
depends on the area of the apartment. Area like Dhanmondi, Bashundhara has less security concern
than Mogbazar etc.
● We also asked about how to improve their neighborhood quality most of the answers was regarding
security concern, such as installing CCTV camera, putting up metal bar at doors etc.
● So there is a scope to understand the neighborhood concerns and further design to build a friendly
neighborhood.

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Neighbour:
Satisfaction with other residents living in the same apartment building is a strong predictor of residential
satisfaction. Therefore, it is of interest to examine those aspects that were determined by factor analysis.This
component includes responses to questions about satisfaction inside the apartment building. The neighbor
attributes most commonly examined are :
● Communicating with neighbors
● Attitude of neighbours
● Friendly Environment
● Social and Educational status

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Neighbour:

Observation:

● The respondents in the sample were mostly satisfied with the attitudes and social and educational
status of their neighbours.
● People also perceived that their neighbours were similar to themselves and friendly.
● In spite of that they don't spend much time socializing with each other.
● It can be scope for evaluating post occupancy attribute to improve communication with neighbors.

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Social and Recreational Facilities:
The importance of sufficient social and recreation facilities has often been stressed in the literature. The current
study also confirmed the importance of ‘Recreation Facilities’ as a component of residential satisfaction. The
social and recreational attributes most commonly examined are :
● Community Spaces,
● Recreational spaces,
● Open Spaces,
● Maintenance of the spaces.

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Social and Recreational Facilities:

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Social and Recreational Facilities:

Observation:

● The respondents in the sample were mostly pointed to the absence of social and recreational space in
their apartment building.
● Also there is a lack of play area for children and parents also don’t feel safe to send their children
outside the apartment for security purpose most of the time.
● Also we have found that in every floor there should be a little space for socializing.
● Roof can be a potential space for socializing if we design it accordingly.
● Also from survey we have found that after design process the success of a space for socializing
depends on proper maintenance and management.

CONCLUSION:
● Among all attributes we found maintenance and management is the most crucial element of post
occupancy evaluation.
● Post occupancy satisfactory level also depends on one’s income range and quality of residential area.
● Normally private developer company maintain a apartment buildings for 2 to 3 years after its
completion.
● After that building committee takes the responsibility of managing the building. But most of the time
the committee meeting doesn’t held meeting (from survey), so it creates problem to maintain properly
● In Bangladesh there is no authority or law to regulate post-occupancy condition of a building.

REFERENCE:

Mridha, M., Living in an apartment, Journal of Environmental Psychology (2015),

Dr. Shayer Gafur,, Spatial and Social Adaptations: A Post-occupancy Evaluation of Multi-storey Social Housing
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Zareen Habiba Islam,, Spaces for Social Interaction: A Post-Occupancy Evaluation of Real-Estate Apartments
in Dhanmondi Residential Area, Dhaka. (2012)

Stephen Ikpendu Nwankwo, PhD Moses M. Okonkwo, PhD,, THEORETICAL AND CONCEPTUAL ISSUES IN
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Karanikolas Nikolaos , Vagiona Dimitra , Xifilidou Agapi,, REAL ESTATE VALUES AND ENVIRONMENT: A
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Basolo, V., & Strong, D. (2002). Understanding the neighbourhood: From residents’ perceptions and needs to
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