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PDF 3er Trabajo Motores - Compress
PDF 3er Trabajo Motores - Compress
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trfhtdr.
Hdebustibaj
Hdebustib aj y aubrihfmtjs
aubrihfmtjs quj utiaizfm
utiaizfm ejmhidmfe
ejmhidmfeds
ds f ads sikuijmtjs< hdebustibaj<
hdebustibaj< js
hufaqu
huf aquijr
ijr eftjrif
eftjrifaa hfpfz
hfpfz nj aibjrfr
aibjrfr jmjrkåf
jmjrkåf hufmnd
hufmnd sj qujef,
qujef, y aujkd
aujkd hfebif
hfebifrr su
jstruhturf quåeihf.
Aubrihfmtjs<
Aubrihfmtj s< jstæm hdmstituinds
hdmstituinds pdr edaéhuafs
edaéhuafs afrkfs `inrdhfrbdmfn
`inrdhfrbdmfnfsfs hdepajlfs,
hdepajlfs, nj
hdepds
hde pdsihi
ihiøm
øm quåeihf
quåeihf y fhjit
fhjitjs
js dr
drkæ
kæmi
mihd
hdss y fhjit
fhjitjs
js eimjrfajs.
eimjrfajs. fhjitjs
fhjitjs drkæmi
drkæmihds
hds<< sj
jxtrfjm nj fmiefajs y
fmiefajs y vjkjtfajs. hufmnd füm md sj hdmdhåf ja pjtrøajd
ja pjtrøajd,, jrfm ads ümihds
utiaizf
utiaizfnds
nds77 `dy jm nåf sj jepajf
jepajfmm ejzhaf
ejzhafnds
nds hdm ads fhjitj
fhjitjss eimjrfa
eimjrfajsjs iepfrti
iepfrtibaj
bajss
hijrtfs prdpijnfnjs
prdpijnfnjs tfajs hded fn`jrjmhif
fn`jrjmhif y pjkfldsinfn
pjkfldsinfn f afs supjroihijs.
supjroihijs. jstds fhjitjs
sj njshde
njshdepdm
pdmjm
jm oæhiaej
oæhiaejmtj
mtj hdm ja hfadr
hfadr y f tjepjrfturfs bflfs sj dxinfm odrefmnd
kdefs, `fhijmnd imütia su utiaizfhiøm jm af aubrihfhiøm.
II. DBLJ^I_D
6
^RFH^DRJX FKRÅHDAF
Odrtfajhjr
Odrtfajhjr ja hdmdhi
hdmdhieij
eijmtd
mtd fnquir
fnquirind
ind jm afs `drfs
`drfs nj præhtih
præhtihfs
fs nj afs
hfrfhtjråstihfs y hafsioihfrdm nja trfhtdr BJMYJ.
ED^DR EZA^IHIAIMNRD<
2
^RFH^DRJX FKRÅHDAF
Xj jmtijmnj pdr edtdr euatihiaåmnrd ja odrefnd pdr vfrids hiaimnrds situfnds jm umd d
eæs badqujs uminds jmtrj si y huyfs bijafs ftfhfm f um sdad hikñjöfa
Xj njsikmf fså tdnd edtdr fatjrmftivd vdaueétrihd jm ja hufa jxistjm vfrids jajejmtds
quj rjfa
rjfaiz
izfm
fm ad
adss hfeb
hfebid
idss nj vdau
dauej
ejm
m mjh
jhjs
jsfr
frid
idss pf
pfrf
rf jo
jojh
jhtu
tufr
fr ja hi
hiha
had
d nj
oumhidmfeijmtd.
Af nispd
nispdsihi
sihiøm
øm euatih
euatihiaim
iaimnrd
nrd tijmj
tijmj pdr
pdr oimfai
oimfainfn
nfn fuejmt
fuejmtfr
fr af pdtjmh
pdtjmhif
if nja edtdr,
edtdr,
hdmsjk
hdmsjkuir
uir umf vjadhi
vjadhinfn
nfn nj rdtfhiø
rdtfhiøm
m eæs umiodr
umiodrej
ej y hdepjm
hdepjmsfr
sfr ads edejmt
edejmtds
ds nj
imjrhif fa rjpfrtirafs efsfs jm edvieijmtd. Fnjeæs, pjreitj adkrfr um efydr müejrd
nj rjvdauhidmjs fa niseimuir ja pjsd nj afs efsfs jm edvieijmtd.
Zm jljepad hfrfhtjråstihd nj jstds üatieds js ja edtdr Nijsja Ejrhjnjs nj 8 6 nja
fö
föd6
d69;
9;>,
>, qu
qujj fn
fndp
dptf
tf ja js
jsqu
quje
jeff nj : hiai
hiaimn
mnrd
rdss jm aåmj
aåmjf,
f, sikui
sikuijm
jmnd
nd hritj
hritjri
rids
ds nj
jhdmdeåf, hded ja fprdvjh`feijmtd nj pijzfs y nj ejhfmizfhidmjs hdeumjs hdm dtrds
prdpuasdrjs.
Sfrf umf eisef hiaimnrfnf nj edtdr, fa rjpfrtirsj éstf sdbrj vfrids hiaimnrds, afs
hfrkfs téreihfs
téreihfs y ejhæmihfs quj fhtüfm sdbrj ads éebdads
éebdads sdm ejmdrjs,
ejmdrjs, ad quj
drikimf um iepuasd eæs sufvj sdbrj ads eiseds.
Ads edejmtds nj kird jm ja hikñjöfa sdm eæs sufvjs y af vjadhinfn nj rdtfhiøm
eæs umiodr
umiodrej,
ej, yf quj jm hfnf
hfnf hihad
hihad nj oumhid
oumhidmfe
mfeijm
ijmtd
td sj prdnuh
prdnuhjm
jm tfmtds
tfmtds
iepuasds edtrihjs hded hiaimnrds tijmj ja edtdr. Nj jstf odref sj hdepjmsfm
ads tijepds eujrtds nja hihad y sj mjhjsitf, pdr tfmtd, um vdafmtj nj imjrhif eæs
rjnuhind.
III. EFRHD ^
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f) Jm aåmjf
Ads edtdrjs bihiaåmnrihds pujnjm sjkuir euy niojrjmtjs hdmoikurfhidmjs. Ads hiaimnrds
pujnjm jstfr nispujstds jm odref nj _, jm odref nj A, jm pfrfajad umd lumtd fa dtrd d
imhausd jmorjmtfnds jmtrj så, hded jm ads edtdrjs bøxjr.
Js pdsibajejmtj ja tipd nj edtdr eæs pdaivfajmtj, sdm ads eæs pdpuafrjs jm afs edtds
nj hiaimnrfnf ejnif j imhausd jmtrj euh`fs nj fatf hiaimnrfnf y euy fatf hiaimnrfnf, pjrd
sim nunf ads eæs utiaizfnds `fstf ads ?33 hh.
Zm tipd nj edtdr quj dorjhj umf hdebimfhiøm euy jquiaibrfnf, subjm eæs y eæs ræpind
nj vujatfs quj ads edtdrjs nj um hiaimnrd, y f su vjz hdmsikujm umf efydr pdtjmhif y um
ejmdr müejrd nj vibrfhidmjs. Aøkihfejmtj sdm eæs pjsfnds quj ads priejrds, pjrd
euh`d eæs aikjrds quj ads nj hufnrd
hufnrd hiaimnrds, pdr ad quj ja hdeprdeisd
hdeprdeisd jmtrj pjsd y
prjstfhidmjs ejrjhj af pjmf.
Xdm edtdrjs hdm hfræhtjr y pjrsdmfainfn y sus sjkuindrjs ads prjojriræm fmtjs quj um
tjtrfhiaåmnrihd pdr af ræpinf rjspujstf quj dorjhjm fa mfnf eæs fbrir kfs.
Zm edtd
edtdrr bihi
bihiaå
aåmn
mnrih
rihd
d jm aåmj
aåmjff (tfeb
(tfebié
iém
m hd
hdmd
mdhi
hind
nd hd
hded
ed bi
bihi
hiaå
aåmn
mnrih
rihd
d rjhtd
rjhtd,, jm
aåmjf, vjrtihfa, d pfrfajad7 punijmnd tfebiém sustituirsj ja téreimd bihiaåmnrihd pdr afs
pfafbrfs nds, ndbaj d kjejad) js um prdpuasdr nj pistdmjs quj hujmtf hdm nds hiaimnrds
nisp
nispuj
ujst
stds
ds jm pfrf
pfrfaj
ajad
ad umd
umd lu
lumt
mtd
d fa dtrd
dtrd,, y su
suss pi
pist
stdm
dmjs
js js
jstæ
tæm
m hd
hdmj
mjht
htfn
fnds
ds f
um hikñjöfa hdeüm.
hdeüm. Jm hdepfr
hdepfrfhi
fhiøm
øm hdm ads ed
edtdrjss jm _ y ad
tdrj adss edtdrjs bøxjr, ad
edtdrjs adss
bihiaåmnrihds jm aåmjf sdm eæs hdepfhtds, eæs siepajs y kjmjrfaejmtj eæs jhdmøeihds
nj ofbrihfr, fumquj pujnjm kjmjrfr eæs vibrfhidmjs.
:
^RFH^DRJX FKRÅHDAF
edtdr.
edtdr. Ads futdeø
futdeøvia
viajs
js hdm edtdrj
edtdrjss kjejad
kjejadss rjhtds
rjhtds sujajm
sujajm sjr euy pjqujö
pjqujöds
ds j
imhauyjm eimihdh`js urbfmds y gji hfrs. Jljepads rjhijmtjs nj futdeøviajs hdm edtdrjs
nj nds hiaimnrds jm aåmjf imhauyjm ednjads hded ja ^ftf Mfmd, quj utiaizf ja edtdr
^wimFir. Afs fpaihfhidmjs jm fhtivinfnjs njpdrtivfs imhauyjm edtdrjs oujrfbdrnf, edtds
nj fkuf, huftriedtds, edtdmijvjs y fjrdmfvjs uatrfaikjrfs.
Xu nisjöd
nisjöd pjreit
pjreitjj utiaizf
utiaizfrr niojrjm
niojrjmtjs
tjs æmkuad
æmkuadss nja hikñjö
hikñjöfa
fa pfrf
pfrf adkrfr
adkrfr niojrjm
niojrjmtjs
tjs
hfrfhtjråstihfs nj ads imtjrvfads nj ikmihiøm y nj jquiaibrid nja edtdr, quj fojhtfm f afs
vibr
vibrfhi
fhidm
dmjs
js y f af jm
jmtr
trjk
jkff nj pd
pdtj
tjmh
mhif
if.. Ja edtd
edtdrr bi
bihi
hiaå
aåmn
mnri
rihd
hd jm aåmj
aåmjff br
brit
itæm
æmihd
ihd
trfnihidmfa (njsnj 698; jm fnjafmtj) tjmåf hikñjöfajs f 8?3³, eijmtrfs quj fakumds
edtdrjs lfpdmjsjs eæs krfmnjs nj af néhfnf nj 69?3 fndptfrdm ja hikñjöfa f 603³. Jm
af néhfnf nj 6993, fpfrjhijrdm mujvds edtdrjs hdm ja hikñjöfa f 2;3³.
b) Jm _
Af efyd
efydrå
råff nj ad
adss edtd
edtdrj
rjss _2 tijm
tijmjm
jm um sd
sdad
ad euöøm
euöøm hdepfr
hdepfrtin
tind
d pdr afs bijafs
afs bijafs nj
nj
febds pistdmjs
febds pistdmjs,, ndmn
ndmnjj afs
afs bija
bijafs
fs quj
quj fb
fbrf
rfzf
zfm
m ja euöø
euöøm
m d euöjquiaaf hdepfrtinf
euöjquiaaf hdepfrtinf
pjrefmjhjm afnd f afnd, pdr ad quj ads hiaimnrds nja pistøm tijmjm um pjqujöd
njspafzfeijmtd aftjrfa pfrf efmtjmjrsj faimjfnds hdm ja euöøm. ^febiém pujnj `fbjr
hiaimnrds jm _ sim njspafzfeijmtd aftjrfa, hufmnd af hfbjzf nj umf nj afs bijafs js `ujhf
?
^RFH^DRJX FKRÅHDAF
Fa
Faku
kumf
mfss jx
jxhjp
hjphi
hidm
dmjs
js md
mdtf
tfba
bajs
js (d sj
sjf,
f, um euöø
euöøm
m pf
pfrf
rf hf
hfnf
nf hi
hiai
aimn
mnrd
rd)) sdm
sdm af Edtd
Kuzzi nj
Kuzzi nj :33hh (hdm 623³ nja æmkuad jm _ y jmhjmnind f 603³ hdm 2 hikñjöfajs, pdr ad
quj rjqujråf um euöøm pdr hfnf hiaimnrd), eæquimf quj Xtfmajy [ddns piadtø pfrf
kf
kfmf
mfrr ja ^^ Is
Isaf
af nj Efm
Efm nj 698:, d af @dmnf
@dmnf _^:33
_^:33 nj
njsn
snjj 69
6902
02 y af @dmnf
X`fndw ;:3
X`fndw ;:3 njsnj 6908, hdm um _2 f :2³ quj tfebiém usfbfm (af ;:3 füm ads usf,
pdrquj tdnfvåf sj prdnuhj jm 236:) nds euödmjs, umd pfrf hfnf pistøm, pjrd hdm um
sdad hikñjöfa y hiaimnrds njspafzfnds7 y af Xuzugi _P 033 nj
033 nj 690;, hdm >:³ jm af _ y
um njsofsj jmtrj euödmjs jm ja hikñjöfa nj >:³ pfrf ads Jstfnds Zminds d nj ;:³ pfrf ja
rjstd nja eumnd.
hiaimnrd trfsjrd hfsi vjrtihfa), md jxistj rjfaejmtj mimkumf niojrjmhif téhmihf jmtrj ads
susdnih`ds edtdrjs, y jm rjfainfn sdad af njmdeimfhiøm js niojrjmtj, nj ednd quj _-
twim y A-twim sdm mdebrjs nj um edtdr _2.
Ads bihiaåmnrihds rjhtds tijmjm af vjmtflf nj sjr eæs hdepfhtds, rjaftivfejmtj siepajs y
eæs jhdmøeihds nj ofbrihfr jm hdepfrfhiøm hdm ads edtdrjs jm _ d ads bøxjr. Sujnjm
;
^RFH^DRJX FKRÅHDAF
6.8. ED^DR N
NJ
J ? HIAIMNRDX
f) Jm aåmjf
0
^RFH^DRJX FKRÅHDAF
f) Jm _
_? js umf hdmoikurfhiøm nj edtdr nj hdebustiøm imtjrmf jm af quj ? hiaimnrds jstæm
nispujstds jm nds bfmhfnfs nj 8 hiaimnrds uminfs pdr af pfrtj nj fbfld, odrefmnd umf
"_". Jstds edtdrjs pujnjm sjr tfmtd nj hihad Dttd, hded nj hihad Niésja.
9
^RFH^DRJX FKRÅHDAF
I_
I_.. DRN
RNJM
JM NJ JMHMHJJMN
MNIN
IND,
D, ODR
DREEF NJA
NJA HIKÑJ
IKÑJÖF
ÖFA
A, IM
IM^
^JR_
R_FA
FAD
D Y
JXVZJEF NJ OZMHIDMFEIJM^D NJ ADX ED^DRJX NJ 6, 2 Y ?
HIAIMNRDX, JM AÅMJF Y JM _.
Af nispdsihiøm nj afs euöjquiaafs nja hikñjöfa, d hdnds nj umiøm nj afs bijafs nj hfnf
hiaimnrd hdm ja eised, jstæ jm oumhiøm nja müejrd nj hiaimnrds nja edtdr, yf quj pfrf hfnf
tdnds y hfnf umd nj ads hiaimnrds nja edtdr sj hdepajtfm ads > tijepds nja hihad.
63
^RFH^DRJX FKRÅHDAF
Sdr tfmtd, jm jsds ;23¼ nj kird, sj jojhtüfm tfmtfs jxpadsidmjs hded hiaimnrds tijmj ja edtdr
y, hded ad `fhjm f imtjrvfads ikufajs, pfrf um ejldr rjpfrtd nj jsoujrzds sdbrj ja hikñjöfa,
ja æmkuad kirfnd pdr jstj jmtrj hfnf nds jxpadsidmjs sjræ nj ;23¼/M, sijmnd M ja müejrd nj
hiaimnrds.
Sdr af eisef rfzøm, jsds tijepds nj jxpadsiøm
jxpadsiøm d edtrihjs
edtrihjs md sj suhjnjm
suhjnjm sjküm ja drnjm nj
muejrfhiøm nj ads hiaimnrds, simd quj sj vfm prdnuhijmnd sfatjfnds f ad afrkd nja hikñjöfa.
Ja drnj
drnjm
m jm qu
qujj sj vf
vfm
m pr
prdn
dnuh
uhij
ijmn
mnd
d afs
afs jx
jxpa
pads
dsid
idmj
mjss jm um edtd
edtdrr sj aafe
aafeff dr
drnj
njm
m nj
jmhjmnind u drnjm nj jxpadsidmjs, pdr sjr ja drnjm jm quj sj vfm prdnuhijmnd afs h`ispfs nj
ikmihiøm (edtdrjs nj jxpadsiøm) d afs imyjhhidmjs nj hdebustibaj (edtdrjs nijsja).
SRDBAJEFX
Srdbajef M³ 36<
Xj tijmj um edtdr hdm afs hfrfhtjråstihfs sikuijm
sikuijmtjs<
tjs<
- -^ipd nj edtdr< Niésja - Njmsinfn nj pjtrøajd< 3.08 Gk/At.
- -Müejrd nj pistdmjs< ? - Oujrzf rjsuatfmtj< 2,393 Gko.
6) Jo
Joih
ihij
ijmh
mhif
if ejhæm
ejhæmih
ihf<
f<
66
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@ pv
Je 5 x 633
@pi
Σ^_
→@pv 5
?3 P ;:
;:
^ 5 O . N
6e
^ 5( 2393 gko ) ) ( ?.:3 he ) .
633 he
^ 568:.0: gko
gko . e
_ 5 8?.: x rps x ?3
_ 5 2693 x rpe
( 8.6> )( 68:.0: )( 2693 )
@pv 5
?3 x ;:
@pv 523;.?3 @p
SAFM_
→@pi 5
2 P ?3 P ;:
O
_ 5 2693 x rpe ⟿ S5
M 5 ?
F
⟿ 2393
A52 x ( nist
nistfmhif
fmhif nj tdrquj
tdrquj ) O 5 gko
6e
A52 x ?.:3 he .
633 he
A5 3.68 e
@pi 5
SAFM_
@pi5
O
F ( )
AFM_
AFM_
@pi 589?.?0 @p
@pv
Je 5 x 633
@pi
23;.?3
Je 5 x 633
89?.?0
Je 5:2.88%
:2.88%
2) Srjs
Srjsiø
iøm
m ejni
ejniff
O
S5 → O 52393 gko
F
62
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_ht + _hht 23
Ih 5 5
vhht 6
69 _hht 5 _ht
8
8 _ht >:?3 he
_ht 5>:?3 he → _h 65 ? 5 ?
8
_h 65;?3 he
8
_ _h 6 ;?3 he 2
F 5 5 5 → F 5:0.>? he
A A 68 he
2
S58:.;: gko // he
8) Admki
Admkitun
tun nj af hfr
hfrrjr
rjrf<
f<
admkitun
admkitun nj af hfrrjrf52 x ( nistf
hfrrjrf nistfmhifnj tdrquj )
mhifnj tdrquj
admkit
admkitun
un nj af hfrrjrf52 x ( ?.:3 he)
hfrrjrf
6e
A568 he .
633 he
A5 3.68 e
>) Hiai
Hiaimn
mnrf
rfnf
nf td
tdtf
tfa<
a<
( _ht +_hht ) 23
Ih5 _hht 5 6
_ht + _hht 523 _hht
_ht 569 _hht
_ht 569 ´)
8
_ht 5>:?3 he
:) tdrquj<
68
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6e
^ 5( 2393 gko )( ?.:3 he)( )
633 he
^ 568:.0: gko
gko . e
?) pdtj
pdtjmh
mhif
if fa vdaf
vdafmt
mtj<
j<
→ ^ 5 68:.0: gk
gkoo . e
σ^_
@pv 5 → _ 5
58?.: rpsx ?3
?3 x ;:
→ _ 5 2693 rpe
( 8.6> ) ( 68:.0: ) ( 2693 )
@pv 5
?3 x ;:
@pv 523;.?3 @p
;) vdauejm
vdauejm nj af
af hæef
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