Factors of Polynomials

Presented by Felix Jones Banares

FActoring
Is the reverse process of
multiplication. When a number of a
polynomial is factored, it is written as
a product of two or more factors.

(a+B)(A+B)
2 Methods of factoring
1. FACTORING USING GREATEST COMMON
FACTOR
2. FActoring By Grouping
GREATEST COMMON MONOMIAL
FACTOR
We know that the greatest common
factor (GCF) is the largest number or
factor that divides each number in a
given set.
 Find the GCF of
12x^3y^2,
8xy^2
4x^2y^2

12x^3y^2+8xy^2+4x^2Y^2
Note: "^" means raised to
To determine the factored form of a
polynomial:
a) Find the greatest common factor
(GCF) of the terms in the polynomial.
This the first factor.
b) Divide each term by the GCF to get
the factor.
12 x^3 y^2 (2)(2)(3) (x)(x)(x) (y)(y)
8 x y^2 (2)(2)(2) (x) (y)(y)
4 x^2 y^2 (2)(2) (x)(x) (y)(y)

gcf
(2)(2)            (x)          (y)(y)  4xy^2
 3x^2y^5
6xy^3
9x^3y

3x^2y^5+6xy^3+9x^3y
3x^2y^5 (3) (x)(X) (Y)(Y)(Y)(Y)(Y)
6xy^3 (3)(2) (X) (Y)(Y)(Y)
9x^3y (3)(3) (X)(X)(x) (Y)

GCF
3 (X) (Y)= 3xy
Practice your skill...
8x^2-16x^4+48x^7

8x^2(1-2x^2+6x^5)

x^(4-2)
 9x^4+27x^2y-63x^3y^2

9x^2(1x^2+3y-7xy^2)

x^(3-2)=x
45x^3y^2+75x^3y^3-30xy^4

15xy^2(3x^2+5x^2y-2y^2)
FACTORING BY GROUPING
Even if a polynomial does not
appear to have a greatest
common factor for all of its
terms, the polynomial can still
be factored out.
For example:
ab + bc + ad + cd
you can see that it does not have
any common factor, which could
make us think that it is not
factorable.
But before concluding, let us
rewrite this polynomial by grouping
the terms that have a common
factor.
(ab + bc) + (ad + cd)
b is a common factor of ab and
bc, and d is a common factor of
ad and cd.
b(a+c)+d(a+c)
Thus, the factored form of
ab + bc + ad + cd is
(a + c) (b + d)
(ab+bc)+(ad+cd)
(ab+bc)=b
(ad+cd)=d

b(a+c)+d(a+c)
(a+c)(b+d)
Using the different grouping for
ab + bc + ad + cd.
ab+bc+ad+cd= (ab + ad) + (bc + cd)
= a(b + d) + c(b + d)
=(b + d)(a + c)
Thus, the factored form of
ab + bc + ad + cd is (a + c) (b + d)
EXAMPLE: 
(6x^2y+3x^2)+(-4y-2)
3x^2(2y+1)+[-2(2y+1)]
3x^2(2y+1)-2(2y+1)
(2y+1)(3x^2-2)
FACTORING COMPLETELY

Note: In factoring completely you can use

factoring by grouping and greatest

common monomial factor at the same

time
 8x^2y+4x^2-4y-2
2(4x^2y+2x^2-2y-1)
2[(4x^2y+2x^2)+(-2y-1)]
2[2x^2(2y+1)-1(2y+1)]
2[(2y+1)(2x^2-1)]
 16a^2b+4a^2-8b-2
2(8a^2b+2a^2-4b-1)
2[(8a^2b+2a^2)+(-4b-1)]
2[2a^2(4b+1)-1(4b+1)]
2[(4b+1)(2a^2-1)]
FACTORING OF DIFFERENCE OF TWO
SQUARE
STEPS IN FACTORING THE DIFFERENCE OF
TWO SQUARES
1. Check if the first and second

term is a perfect square. If the

first and second term is not a

perfect square .First, factor out

the common monomial factor.

2. Get the principal square root
of the first and last term of the
two squares.
3. Using these square roots, form
two factors: a sum and a
difference.
FACTORING OF PERFECT SQUARE
TRINOMIALS
STEPS IN FACTORING PERFECT SQUARE
TRINOMIAL
1. Get the square roots of the first and

last terms.

2. Use the sign of the middle term of the

trinomial between these roots.

3. Raise the binomial obtained in step 2

to the second power.

FACTORS OF QUADRATIC TRINOMIALS
Factoring of Quadratic Trinomial
where a = 1
1. Find two factors of c whose sum is
equal to coefficient b.

2. Using the form (x + __)(x + __), fill

this in with the two factors found in
step 1.
 Factoring of Quadratic Trinomial
where a 1 ≠
1. Factor out any common monomial factor.
2. List all factors of a and c.
3. Try and check combinations of the
factors of a and c until the correct middle
term, bx is obtained.
 The signs of c will reduce the
number of possible factors. Since c
> 0, the second terms of the
binomial factors must have the
same sign.
The factors that give the middle
term -14x are (4x - 1) and (2x - 3).
EXAMPLE