Lab 06

Frequency Selective Fading Modelling in the GNU radio

Objectives:

a) Digital modulation under multipath channel effect

b) Frequency Selective Fading Model (Rayleigh Model)
c) Frequency Selective Fading Model (Rician Model)

a) Digital modulation under multipath channel effect

1. Start GNU Radio Companion from the shortcut you previously created on the desktop.
2. Draw a flow graph as shown in the figure below.

The output should be look like,

 Analysis part:
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Exercise A
1) Change the Modulation type and observer the output
2) Change the amplitude and observe the output.

Now, remover the noise source and add Channel Model in the flow graph.
The modified flow graph looks like,
Set the Channel Model parameters as,

And observe the following output,

Analysis part:
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Exercise B
3) Change the value of a1,a2,b1,b2 ,c1, and c3 And observe the output.
4) Add one more multipath d1 and d2 and observe the output.
Now modify the flow graph as shown below. Introduce Poly clock sync block.

Observe the following output,

Analysis part:
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Exercise C
5) Change the values of frequency offset and epsilon in the Channel Model and observe the output.
b) Frequency selective Fading channel (Rayleigh Model)

In Rayleigh model there is no line of sight (LOS) component. It can be seen in the following
figure.

Figure a Rayleigh Model

In GNU radio,
The parameters in the Frequency Selective Fading Models are:

a. N the number of sinusoids to use in simulating the channel; 8 is a good value

b. fDTs normalized maximum Doppler frequency, fD * Ts
c. LOS include Line-of-Site path? selects between Rayleigh (NLOS) and Rician (LOS)
models
d. K Rician factor (ratio of the specular power to the scattered power)
e. Seed a random number to seed the noise generators
f. Delays a vector of values that specify the time delay of each impulse
g. Mags a vector of values that specify the magnitude of each impulse
Build a following flow graph in the GNU,

And set the following parameters in the Frequency Selective Fading Model,

Observe the following output,

By changing PDP( Power delay profiles) values,
 Analysis part:
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Exercise d
6) Change the PDP and PDP magnitude and observe the output

Lab Activity

Now complete the communication model by adding Demodulator and

calculate BER.

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c) Frequency selective Fading channel (Rician Model)
In the Rician Model, there exist one line of sight component along with non-line of sight
components as can be seen in the following figure.

Figure b Rician Model

Make the following flow graph.

And observe the following output.

With different values of k,

K = 8.0
K = 10.0

K = 12.00