SLAB DESIGN

A. SLAB 1

CORRIDOR

Dimension: 3,000 mm x 4,000 mm;

At One End Continuous

Calculation for slab thickness:

m= S/L = 3/4 = 0.75 (TWO-WAY SLAB)

t = P/180 = 14/180 =77.77 mm.
say t = 100 mm.
d = 100 - 20 – (16/2)
d = 72mm

Considering 1 meter strip;

DEAD LOADS:
Slab Self-Weight;
= (0.1m)(1m)(23.6kN/)
= 2.36kN/m
Finished Floor;
= (1.1kPa)(1m) = 1.1kN/m
Ceiling;
= (0.48kPa)(1m) = 0.48kN/m

LIVE LOADS:
= (3.8 kPa)(1m) = 3.8 kN/m

TOTAL LOADS = DL + LL
= 3.94 kN/m + 3.8 kN/m
=7.74 kN/m

DESIGN CONSTANT:
𝑛 𝑘
R = ½ fc k j ; k = 𝑓𝑠 ; j = 1- 3
𝑛+
𝑓𝑐
Solve for “k , j & R”;

fc = 0.45 fc' = 0.45( 21) = 9.45MPa

10
k= 124 = 0.432
10+
9.45
0.432
j = 1- 3 = 0.856
R = ½ fc k j = (0.5)(9.45)(0.432)(0.856)
R = 1.749 MPa
va  0.09 f c '  0.412MPa
CHECKING; for Case 2 (One End Continuous):
Solve for “m”;
m= S/L = 3/4 = 0.75
Required Maximum Moment;
Use C = 0.055 (max. moment constant)
M = CWS²
M = 0.055(7.74kN/m)(3m)²
M = 3.83 kN.m

Check Thickness;
𝑀
d=√
𝑅𝑏
3.83(1000)2
d=√
1.625(1000)
d = 48.56mm
d = 48.56 mm < assumed depth “OK”
Therefore, assumed depth which is equal to 64 mm is safe. Then use t = 100mm (minimum required thickness,
as per ACI Code)

MOMENT COEFFICIENT, CASE 2;

Along Short:
Positive moment
Midspan = 0.041
Negative moment
Continuous = 0.055
Discontinuous = 0.027
Along Long:
Positive moment
Midspan = 0.031
Negative moment
Continuous = 0.041
Discontinuous = 0.021

MOMENTS ALONG SHORT SPAN:

+M = 𝐶𝑊𝑆 2 (midspan)
= 0.041(7.74kN/m)(3𝑚)2 = 2.86 kN.m
-M = 𝐶𝑊𝑆 2 (continuous edge)
= 0.055(7.74kN/m)(3 𝑚)2 = 3.83 kN.m
-M = 𝐶𝑊𝑆 2 (discontinuous edge)
= 0.021(9.18kN/m)(3.75 𝑚)2 = 1.46 kN.m

MOMENTS ALONG LONG SPAN:

+M = 𝐶𝑊𝑆 2 (midspan)
= 0.031(7.74kN/m)(3𝑚)2 = 2.16 kN.m
-M = 𝐶𝑊𝑆 2 (continuous edge)
= 0.041(7.74kN/m)(3𝑚)2 = 2.86 kN.m
-M = 𝐶𝑊𝑆 2 (discontinuous edge)
= 0.021(7.74kN/m)(3 𝑚)2 = 1.46 kN.m
STEEL REQUIREMENTS ALONG EACH
SIDE: c) Top Bars (discontinuous edge)
𝑀
𝐴𝑠 =
𝑓𝑠 𝑗𝑑
ALONG SHORT SPAN 1.46(1000)2
𝐴𝑠 =
124(0.86)(72)
Center/Middle Strip
𝐴𝑠 = 190.15 mm2
a) Bottom Bars
𝑀
𝐴𝑠 = Use 12 mm Ø bars; (A = 36π mm2 )
𝑓𝑠 𝑗𝑑
𝐴(1000)
2.86(1000)2 Spacing =
𝐴𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠
124(0.86)(72) 36𝜋(1000)
𝐴𝑠 = 372.49 mm2 S=
190.15
S = 594.78 mm
Use 16 mm Ø bars; (A = 64π mm2 )
𝐴(1000) Since;
Spacing =
𝐴𝑠 S = 3t and not > 500mm
64𝜋(1000) S = 3 (100)
S=
372.49 S = 300mm
S = 539.77 mm Use;
Since; S = 300 mm spaced O.C.
S = 3t and not > 500mm
S = 3 (100) Column Strip:
S = 300mm
Use; a) Bottom Bars. Use 16 mm Ø bars;
S = 300 mm spaced O.C. 3
Spacing = (300mm) = 450mm
2
b) Top Bars (continuous edge) Since;
𝑀 S = 3t and not > 500mm
𝐴𝑠 = S = 3 (100)
𝑓𝑠 𝑗𝑑
3.83(1000)2 S = 300mm
𝐴𝑠 = Use;
124(0.86)(72)
S = 300 mm spaced O.C.
𝐴𝑠 = 498.82 mm2
b) Top Bars. (continuous edge)
Use 16 mm Ø bars; (A = 64π mm2 ) Use 16 mm Ø bars;
𝐴(1000) 3
Spacing = Spacing = (300mm) = 450mm
𝐴𝑠 2
64𝜋(1000) Since;
S= S = 3t and not > 500mm
498.82
S = 403. Mm S = 3 (100)
Since; S = 300mm
S = 3t and not > 500mm Use;
S = 3 (100) S = 300 mm spaced O.C.
S = 300mm
Use; c) Top Bars. (discontinuous edge)
S = 300 mm spaced O.C. Use 12 mm Ø bars;
3
Spacing = (3000mm) = 450mm
2
 Since; 2.86(1000)2
S = 3t and not > 500mm 𝐴𝑠 =
124(0.86)(72)
S = 3 (100) 𝐴𝑠 = 372.49 mm2
S = 300mm Use 12 mm Ø bars; (A = 36π mm2 )
Use; 𝐴(1000)
S = 300 mm spaced O.C. Spacing =
𝐴𝑠
36𝜋(1000)
ALONG LONG SPAN S=
372.49
Center/Middle Strip: S = 303.63 mm
a) Bottom bars
𝑀 Say; 300 mm spaced O.C
𝐴𝑠 =
𝑓𝑠 𝑗𝑑
2.16(1000)2
𝐴𝑠 = Column Strip:
124(0.86)(72)
𝐴𝑠 = 281.32 mm2 a) Bottom Bars. Use 12 mm Ø bars;
Use 12 mm Ø bars; (A = 36π mm2 ) 3
𝐴(1000) Spacing = (300mm) = 450mm
2
Spacing = Since;
𝐴𝑠
36𝜋(1000) S = 3t and not > 500mm
S= S = 3 (100)
281.32
S = 402.02 mm S = 300mm
Use;
Since; S = 300 mm spaced O.C.
S = 3t and not > 500mm
S = 3 (100) b) Top Bars. Use 12 mm Ø bars;
3
S = 300mm Spacing = (300mm) = 450mm
2
Use; Since;
S = 300 mm spaced O.C. S = 3t and not > 500mm
S = 3 (100)
b) Top bars (continuous edge)
S = 300mm
𝑀
𝐴𝑠 = Use;
𝑓𝑠 𝑗𝑑 S = 300 mm spaced O.C.
`
B. SLAB 2

LABORATORIES AND OPERATING ROOM

Dimension: 8,000 mm x 7,500 mm;

At Both End Continuous

Calculation for slab thickness:

m= S/L = 7.5/8 = 0.9375 (TWO-WAY SLAB)

t = P/180 = 31/180 =172.22 mm.
say t = 180 mm.
d = 180 mm - 26mm = 154 mm

Considering 1 meter strip;

DEAD LOADS:
Slab Self-Weight;
= (0.154m)(1m)(23.6kN/)
= 3.63 kN/m
Finished Floor;
= (1.1kPa)(1m) = 1.1kN/m
Ceiling;
= (0.48kPa)(1m) = 0.48kN/m
Partition (150mm CHB);
= (3.11kN/m /m)(4m)(20m)(1m)/(60m²)
= 4.15 kN/m

LIVE LOADS:
= (2.9 kPa)(1m) = 2.9 kN/m

TOTAL LOADS = DL + LL
= 9.36 kN/m + 2.9 kN/m
= 12.26 kN/m

DESIGN CONSTANT:
𝑛 𝑘
R = ½ fc k j ; k = 𝑓𝑠 ; j = 1- 3
𝑛+
𝑓𝑐
Solve for “k , j & R”;

fc = 0.45 fc' = 0.45( 21) = 9.45MPa

10
k= 124 = 0.432
10+
9.45
0.432
j = 1- = 0.856
3
R = ½ fc k j = (0.5)(9.45)(0.432)(0.856)
R = 1.749 MPa
va  0.09 f c '  0.412MPa
CHECKING; for Case 2 (Both End Continuous):
Solve for “m”;
m= S/L = 7.5/8 = 0.94
Required Maximum Moment;
Use C = 0.048 (max. moment constant)
M = CWS²
M = 0.048(12.26kN/m)(7.5m)²
M = 33.1 kN.m

Check Thickness;
𝑀
d=√
𝑅𝑏
33.1(1000)2
d=√
1.625(1000)
d = 142.72mm
d = 142.72 mm < assumed depth “OK”
Therefore;
Use d = 154mm

MOMENT COEFFICIENT, CASE 1;

Along Long:
Positive moment
Midspan = 0.025
Negative moment
Continuous = 0.033
Along Short:
Positive moment
Midspan = 0.03
Negative moment
Continuous = 0.04

MOMENTS ALONG SHORT SPAN:

+M = (midspan)
= 0.03(12.26kN/m)(7.5)² = 20.69 kN.m
-M = (continuous edge)
= 0.04(12.26kN/m)(7.5)² = 27.59 kN.m

MOMENTS ALONG LONG SPAN:

+M = (midspan)
= 0.025(12.26kN/m)(7.5)² = 17.24 kN.m
-M = (continuous edge)
= 0.033(12.26kN/m)(7.5)2 = 22.76 kN.m
STEEL REQUIREMENTS ALONG EACH d) Top Bars. Use 16 mm Ø bars;
3
SIDE: Spacing = (110mm) = 165mm
2
Say = 165 mm spaced O.C
ALONG SHORT SPAN

Center/Middle Strip: ALONG LONG SPAN

c) Bottom bars
Center/Middle Strip
𝑀
𝐴𝑠 = d) Bottom Bars
𝑓𝑠 𝑗𝑑 𝑀
20.69(1000)2 𝐴𝑠 =
𝐴𝑠 = 𝑓𝑠 𝑗𝑑
124(0.86)(154) 17.24(1000)2
𝐴𝑠 = 1259.85 mm2 𝐴𝑠 =
124(0.86)(154)
Use 16 mm Ø bars; (A = 64π mm2 )
𝐴𝑠 = 1049.78 mm2
𝐴(1000)
Spacing = Use 16 mm Ø bars; (A = 64π mm2 )
𝐴𝑠 𝐴(1000)
64𝜋(1000) Spacing =
S= 𝐴𝑠
1259.85 64𝜋(1000)
S = 159.59 mm S=
1049.78
say; 150 mm spaced O.C
S = 191.53 mm
say; 185 mm spaced O.C
d) Top bars
𝑀
𝐴𝑠 = e) Top Bars (continuous edge)
𝑓𝑠 𝑗𝑑 𝑀
27.59(1000)2 𝐴𝑠 =
𝐴𝑠 = 𝑓𝑠 𝑗𝑑
124(0.86)(154) 22.76(1000)2
𝐴𝑠 = 1680 mm2 𝐴𝑠 =
124(0.86)(154)
Use 16 mm Ø bars; (A = 64π mm2 ) 𝐴𝑠 = 1385.9 mm2
𝐴(1000)
Spacing = Use 16 mm Ø bars; (A = 64π mm2 )
𝐴𝑠 𝐴(1000)
64𝜋(1000) Spacing =
S= 𝐴𝑠
1680
S = 119.68 mm 64𝜋(1000)
S=
say; 110 mm spaced O.C 1385.9
S = 145.08 mm
Column Strip: say; 140 mm spaced O.C

c) Bottom Bars. Use 16 mm Ø bars; Column Strip:

3
Spacing = (150mm) = 225mm d) Bottom Bars. Use 16 mm Ø bars;
2
Say = 225 mm spaced O.C 3
Spacing = (185mm) = 277.5 mm
2
Say = 170 mm spaced O.C
 3
Spacing = (140mm) = 210mm
e) Top Bars. (continuous edge) 2
Use 16 mm Ø bars; Say = 210 mm spaced O.C
C. SLAB 3

WARDS AND ROOMS

Dimension: 7,500 mm x 7,445 mm;

At Both End Continuous

Calculation for slab thickness:

m= S/L = 7.445/7.5 = 0.993 (TWO-WAY SLAB)

t = P/180 = 29.89/180 =166 mm.
say t = 170 mm.
d = 170 mm - 26mm = 144 mm

Considering 1 meter strip;

DEAD LOADS:
Slab Self-Weight;
= (0.144m)(1m)(23.6kN/)
= 3.40 kN/m
Finished Floor;
= (1.1kPa)(1m) = 1.1kN/m
Ceiling;
= (0.48kPa)(1m) = 0.48kN/m
Partition (150mm CHB);
= (3.11kN/m /m)(4m)(20m)(1m)/(60m²)
= 4.15 kN/m

LIVE LOADS:
= (1.9 kPa)(1m) = 1.9 kN/m

TOTAL LOADS = DL + LL
= 9.13 kN/m + 1.9 kN/m
= 11.03 kN/m

DESIGN CONSTANT:
𝑛 𝑘
R = ½ fc k j ; k = 𝑓𝑠 ; j = 1-
𝑛+ 3
𝑓𝑐
Solve for “k , j & R”;

fc = 0.45 fc' = 0.45( 21) = 9.45MPa

10
k= 124 = 0.432
10+
9.45
0.432
j = 1- = 0.856
3
R = ½ fc k j = (0.5)(9.45)(0.432)(0.856)
R = 1.749 MPa
va  0.09 f c '  0.412MPa

CHECKING; for Case 2 (One End Discontinuous):

Solve for “m”;
m= S/L = 7.445/7.5 = 0.993
Required Maximum Moment;
Use C = 0.048 (max. moment constant)
M = CWS²
M = 0.048(11.03kN/m)(7.445m)²
M = 29.35 kN.m

Check Thickness;
𝑀
d=√
𝑅𝑏
29.35(1000)2
d=√
1.625(1000)
d = 134.39mm
d = 134.39 mm < assumed depth “OK”
Therefore;
Use d = 144mm

MOMENT COEFFICIENT, CASE 2;

Along Short:
Positive moment
Midspan = 0.036
Negative moment
Continuous = 0.048
Discontinuous = 0.024
Along Long:
Positive moment
Midspan = 0.031
Negative moment
Continuous = 0.041
Discontinuous = 0.021

MOMENTS ALONG SHORT SPAN:

+M = 𝐶𝑊𝑆 2 (midspan)
= 0.036(11.03kN/m)(7.445𝑚)2 = 22 kN.m
-M = 𝐶𝑊𝑆 2 (continuous edge)
= 0.048(11.03kN/m)(7.445 𝑚)2 = 29.35 kN.m
-M = 𝐶𝑊𝑆 2 (discontinuous edge)
= 0.024(11.03kN/m)(7.445 𝑚)2 = 14.67 kN.m

MOMENTS ALONG LONG SPAN:

+M = 𝐶𝑊𝑆 2 (midspan)
= 0.031(11.03kN/m)(7.445𝑚)2 = 18.95 kN.m
-M = 𝐶𝑊𝑆 2 (continuous edge)
= 0.041(11.03kN/m)(7.445𝑚)2 = 25.07 kN.m
-M = 𝐶𝑊𝑆 2 (discontinuous edge)
= 0.021(11.03kN/m)(7.445 𝑚)2 = 12.84 kN.m

STEEL REQUIREMENTS ALONG EACH

SIDE: Says; 100 mm spaced O.C.

Column Strip:
ALONG SHORT SPAN
c) Bottom Bars. Use 16 mm Ø bars;
Center/Middle Strip 3
Spacing = (135mm) = 202/5mm
a) Bottom Bars 2
𝑀 Says; 200 mm spaced O.C.
𝐴𝑠 =
𝑓𝑠 𝑗𝑑
22(1000)2
𝐴𝑠 =
124(0.86)(144) d) Top Bars. (continuous edge)
𝐴𝑠 = 1432.65 mm2 Use 16 mm Ø bars;
3
Use 16 mm Ø bars; (A = 64π mm ) 2 Spacing = (100mm) = 150mm
2
𝐴(1000)
Spacing = Says; 150 mm spaced O.C.
𝐴𝑠
64𝜋(1000)
S=
1432.65
S = 140.34 mm ALONG LONG SPAN

Center/Middle Strip:
Says; 135 mm spaced O.C.
a) Bottom bars
𝑀
b) Top Bars (continuous edge) 𝐴𝑠 =
𝑀 𝑓𝑠 𝑗𝑑
𝐴𝑠 = 18.95(1000)2
𝑓𝑠 𝑗𝑑 𝐴𝑠 =
29.35(1000)2 124(0.86)(144)
𝐴𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠 = 1234.03 mm2
124(0.86)(144)
Use 12 mm Ø bars; (A = 36π mm2 )
𝐴𝑠 = 1911.29 mm2
𝐴(1000)
Spacing =
Use 16 mm Ø bars; (A = 64π mm2 ) 𝐴𝑠
36𝜋(1000)
𝐴(1000) S=
Spacing = 1234.03
𝐴𝑠
S = 91.65 mm
64𝜋(1000)
S=
1911.29 Says; 100 mm spaced O.C.
S = 105.2 mm
(minimum spacing)
 S = 135.26 mm
b) Top bars (continuous edge)
𝑀 Says; 130 mm spaced O.C
𝐴𝑠 =
𝑓𝑠 𝑗𝑑
25.07(1000)2
𝐴𝑠 =
124(0.86)(144)
𝐴𝑠 = 1632.57 mm2
Use 12 mm Ø bars; (A = 36π mm2 )
𝐴(1000)
Spacing = Column Strip:
𝐴𝑠
36𝜋(1000)
S= d) Bottom Bars. Use 12 mm Ø bars;
1632.57 3
S = 69.27 mm Spacing = (100mm) = 150mm
2
Says; 150 mm spaced O.C.
Says; 100 mm spaced O.C
(minimum spacing) e) Top Bars. (continuous edge)
Use 12 mm Ø bars;
c) Top bars (discontinuous edge) 3
Spacing = (100mm) = 150mm
𝑀 2
𝐴𝑠 = Says; 150 mm spaced O.C.
𝑓𝑠 𝑗𝑑
12.84(1000)2
𝐴𝑠 = f) Top Bars. (discontinuous edge)
124(0.86)(144) Use 12 mm Ø bars;
𝐴𝑠 = 836.15 mm2 3
Use 12 mm Ø bars; (A = 36π mm2 ) Spacing = (130mm) = 195mm
2
𝐴(1000) Says; 195 mm spaced O.C.
Spacing =
𝐴𝑠
36𝜋(1000)
S=
836.15
D. SLAB 4

CAFETERIA

Dimension: 8,000 mm x 7,500 mm;

At Two End Continuous

Calculation for slab thickness:

m= S/L = 7.5/8 = 0.9375 (TWO-WAY SLAB)

t = P/180 = 31/180 =172.22 mm.
say t = 180 mm.
d = 180 mm - 26mm = 154 mm

Considering 1 meter strip;

DEAD LOADS:
Slab Self-Weight;
= (0.154m)(1m)(23.6kN/)
= 3.63 kN/m
Finished Floor;
= (1.1kPa)(1m) = 1.1kN/m
Ceiling;
= (0.48kPa)(1m) = 0.48kN/m
Partition (150mm CHB);
= (3.11kN/m /m)(4m)(20m)(1m)/(60m²)
= 4.15 kN/m

LIVE LOADS:
= (4.8 kPa)(1m) = 4.8 kN/m

TOTAL LOADS = DL + LL
= 9.36 kN/m + 4.8 kN/m
= 14.16 kN/m

DESIGN CONSTANT:
𝑛 𝑘
R = ½ fc k j ; k = 𝑓𝑠 ; j = 1- 3
𝑛+
𝑓𝑐
Solve for “k , j & R”;
fc = 0.45 fc' = 0.45( 21) = 9.45MPa
10
k= 124 = 0.432
10+
9.45
0.432
j = 1- 3 = 0.856
R = ½ fc k j = (0.5)(9.45)(0.432)(0.856)
R = 1.749 MPa
va  0.09 f c '  0.412MPa

CHECKING; for Case 2 (Both End Continuous):

Solve for “m”;
m= S/L = 7.5/8 = 0.94
Required Maximum Moment;
Use C = 0.048 (max. moment constant)
M = CWS²
M = 0.048(14.16kN/m)(7.5m)²
M = 38.23 kN.m

Check Thickness;
𝑀
d=√
𝑅𝑏
38.23(1000)2
d=√
1.625(1000)
d = 153.38mm
d = 153.38 mm < assumed depth “OK”
Therefore;
Use d = 154mm

MOMENT COEFFICIENT, CASE 3;

Along Short:
Positive moment
Midspan = 0.036
Negative moment
Continuous = 0.048
Discontinuous = 0.024
Along Long:
Positive moment
Midspan = 0.031
Negative moment
Continuous = 0.041
Discontinuous = 0.021

MOMENTS ALONG SHORT SPAN:

+M = 𝐶𝑊𝑆 2 (midspan)
= 0.036(14.16kN/m)(7.5𝑚)2 = 28.67 kN.m
-M = 𝐶𝑊𝑆 2 (continuous edge)
 = 0.048(14.16kN/m)(7.5 𝑚)2 = 38.23 kN.m
-M = 𝐶𝑊𝑆 2 (discontinuous edge)
= 0.024(14.16kN/m)(7.5 𝑚)2 = 19.12 kN.m

MOMENTS ALONG LONG SPAN:

+M = 𝐶𝑊𝑆 2 (midspan)
= 0.031(14.16kN/m)(7.5𝑚)2 = 24.69 kN.m
-M = 𝐶𝑊𝑆 2 (continuous edge)
= 0.041(14.16kN/m)(7.5𝑚)2 = 32.66 kN.m
-M = 𝐶𝑊𝑆 2 (discontinuous edge)
= 0.021(14.16kN/m)(7.5 𝑚)2 = 16.73 kN.m

STEEL REQUIREMENTS ALONG EACH 𝐴(1000)

Spacing =
SIDE: 𝐴𝑠
64𝜋(1000)
S=
2327.9
S = 86.37 mm
ALONG SHORT SPAN
Says; 100 mm spaced O.C.
Center/Middle Strip (minimum spacing)
a) Bottom Bars
𝑀
𝐴𝑠 = c) Top Bars (discontinuous edge)
𝑓𝑠 𝑗𝑑 𝑀
28.67(1000)2 𝐴𝑠 =
𝐴𝑠 = 𝑓𝑠 𝑗𝑑
124(0.86)(154) 19.12(1000)2
𝐴𝑠 = 1745.77 mm2 𝐴𝑠 =
124(0.86)(154)
𝐴𝑠 = 1164.25 mm2
Use 16 mm Ø bars; (A = 64π mm2 ) Use 16 mm Ø bars; (A = 64π mm2 )
𝐴(1000)
Spacing = 𝐴(1000)
𝐴𝑠 Spacing =
𝐴𝑠
64𝜋(1000)
S= 64𝜋(1000)
1745.77 S=
1164.25
S = 115.17 mm S = 172.7 mm

Says; 110 mm spaced O.C. Says; 170 mm spaced O.C.

b) Top Bars (continuous edge)
Column Strip:
𝑀
𝐴𝑠 =
𝑓𝑠 𝑗𝑑 d) Bottom Bars. Use 16 mm Ø bars;
38.23(1000)2 3
𝐴𝑠 = Spacing = (110mm) = 165mm
2
124(0.86)(154)
𝐴𝑠 = 2327.9 mm2 Says; 165 mm spaced O.C.

e) Top Bars. (continuous edge)

Use 16 mm Ø bars; (A = 64π mm2 )
Use 16 mm Ø bars;
 3 36𝜋(1000)
Spacing = (100mm) = 150mm S=
2 1988.73
S = 56.87 mm
Says; 150 mm spaced O.C.
Says; 100 mm spaced O.C
f) Top Bars. (discontinuous edge) (minimum spacing)
Use 16 mm Ø bars;
3
Spacing = (170mm) = 255mm i) Top bars (discontinuous edge)
2
𝑀
𝐴𝑠 =
Says; 255 mm spaced O.C. 𝑓𝑠 𝑗𝑑
16.73(1000)2
𝐴𝑠 =
124(0.86)(154)
ALONG LONG SPAN 𝐴𝑠 = 1018.72 mm2
Use 12 mm Ø bars; (A = 36π mm2 )
Center/Middle Strip: 𝐴(1000)
g) Bottom bars Spacing =
𝐴𝑠
𝑀
𝐴𝑠 = 36𝜋(1000)
𝑓𝑠 𝑗𝑑 S=
1018.72
24.69(1000)2 S = 111.02 mm
𝐴𝑠 =
124(0.86)(154) Says; 110 mm spaced O.C
𝐴𝑠 = 1503.42 mm2
Use 12 mm Ø bars; (A = 36π mm2 ) Column Strip:
𝐴(1000)
Spacing =
𝐴𝑠 j) Bottom Bars. Use 12 mm Ø bars;
36𝜋(1000) 3
S= Spacing = (100mm) = 150mm
2
1503.42
S = 75.23 mm Says; 150 mm spaced O.C.

k) Top Bars. (continuous edge)

Says; 100 mm spaced O.C
Use 12 mm Ø bars;
(minimum spacing) 3
Spacing = (100mm) = 150mm
2
h) Top bars (continuous edge) Says; 150 mm spaced O.C.
𝑀
𝐴𝑠 =
𝑓𝑠 𝑗𝑑 l) Top Bars. (discontinuous edge)
32.66(1000)2 Use 12 mm Ø bars;
𝐴𝑠 = 3
124(0.86)(154) Spacing = (110mm) = 165mm
2
𝐴𝑠 = 1988.73 mm2
Says; 165 mm spaced O.C.
Use 12 mm Ø bars; (A = 36π mm2 )
𝐴(1000)
Spacing =
𝐴𝑠
 DESIGN OF BEAM
A. Floor Beam 1
@ The support, for Uniform loading
Design data:
Slab thickness (Slab 1) = 100mm FEMAB = (WL2)/12
Tributary width = 3.75m = (29.025(3)2) / 12
Span of beam = 3m = 21.769 kN-m
Dead loads: FEMBA = - (WL2)/12
Floor finish = 1.1 kpa = - (29.025(3)2) / 12
= - 21.769 kN-m
Wall partition = 3.11 kN/m per meter height
Ceiling load = 0.48 kpa
∑MA = 0;
Live load = 3.8 kpa
MAB = 29.025(3)2 – RB(3)
DESIGN CONSTANT:
𝑛 𝑘 21.769 = 29.025(3)2 – RB(3)
R = ½ fc k j ; k = 𝑓𝑠 ; j = 1-
𝑛+ 3
𝑓𝑐 RB = 36.281 kN
Solve for “k , j & R”;
Solving for maximum moment;
fc = 0.45 fc' = 0.45( 21) = 9.45MPa
10 MMAX = RB (L/2)(0.5)
k= 124 = 0.432
10+
9.45
0.432
MMAX = 36.281 (1.5)(0.5)
j = 1- 3 = 0.856
R = ½ fc k j = (0.5)(9.45)(0.432)(0.856) MMAX = 27.21 Kn-m
R = 1.749 MPa
va  0.09 f c '  0.412MPa
Solving for effective depth (d);
Computation of loads:
Assume b = 250mm
DEAD LOADS:
Slab Self-Weight; 𝑀
= (0.1m)(3.75m)(23.6kN/) d=√
𝑅𝑏
= 8.85kN/m 27.21(10)6
Finished Floor; d = √1.749(250)
= (1.1kPa)(3.75m) d = 249.46mm
= 4.125kN/m say d = 352 mm
Ceiling;
= (0.48kPa)(3.75m) For total depth (D);
= 1.8kN/m Using 16mm dia. Bar.
LIVE LOADS: D = 352 + 8 + 10
= (3.8 kPa)(3.75m) D = 370 mm
= 14.25 kN/m
Re-Check for d:
TOTAL LOADS = DL + LL
= 14.775 kN/m + 14.25 kN/m
= 29.025 kN/m Total Load = 29.025 + 0.25(0.352)(23.6)
= 31.1018 kN/m
 29.158 x10 6
As 
FEM = (wL2)/12 124(0.856)(352)
FEMAB = (31.1018(3)2)/12 As = 780.24 mm2
= 23.326 kN-m 
(d ) 2 N  As
4
∑MA = 0;

23.326 = 31.10N8(3)2 – RB(3) (16) N  780.24
2

4
RB = 38.877 kN
N = 3.88
MMAX = RB ( 3/2) (1/2) Says N = 4-16 mm Ф bars
= 38.877(3/2)(1/2) Use 4-16 mm Ф bars
MMAX = 29.326 kN-m
For spacing of stirrups;
𝑀 Smax = d/2
d = √𝑅𝑏
29.326(10)6
S = 352/2
d = √ 1.749(250)
S = 176 mm O.C.

d = 258.23mm < 352mm ok

Check for Bond Stress
Use; d = 352mm
10.14 fc ' = 2.9 MPa
Check for Shear u
D

V V
v u
bd  o jd
V = 0.5 ( 31.1018 ) ( 3 ) – 31.1018 (0.352)
V = 35.7048 kN V = 31.1018( 0.5 ) ( 3 )
35.705 V = 46.6527 kN
v (10 3 )
250(352)
46.6527(1000)
v = 0.405 MPa < 0.412 MPa (safe) u
 (64)4(0.856)(325)
Steel Reinforcement: (Using 16 mm Ф bars)
u = 0.1925 MPa < 2.9 MPa (safe)
M
As 
f s jd

SCHEDULE OF FLOOR BEAM 1

B. Girder Beam 1 = 54.795 kN/m
Beam Reinforced by Compression
Design data: Solving for Moments
Slab thickness (Slab 1) = 180mm
Tributary width = 5.25m P = 36.281 kN ( Reaction from Floor Beam 1)
Span of beam = 15m
WL 2 PL
Dead loads: FEMAB = 
Assume b = 300mm 12 8
2
D = 600mm FEMAB = (54.795)(7.5)  (36.281)(7.5)
Floor finish = 1.1 kpa 12 8
= 290.865 kN-m
Wall partition = 3.11 kN/m per meter height
Ceiling load = 0.48 kpa
WL2 PL
Live load = 3.8 kpa FEMBA =  
12 8
2
DESIGN CONSTANT: FEMBA =  (54.795)(7.5)  (36.281)(7.5)
𝑛 𝑘 12 8
R = ½ fc k j ; k = 𝑓𝑠 ; j = 1- 3 = - 290.865 kN-m
𝑛+
𝑓𝑐
Solve for “k , j & R”;
WL 2 PL
FEMBC = 
fc = 0.45 fc' = 0.45( 21) = 9.45MPa 12 8
10 2
k= 124 = 0.432 FEMBC = (54.795)(7.5)  (36.281)(7.5)
10+ 12 8
9.45
0.432
j = 1- 3 = 0.856 = 290.865 kN-m
R = ½ fc k j = (0.5)(9.45)(0.432)(0.856) WL2 PL
FEMCB =  
R = 1.749 MPa 12 8
2
va  0.09 f c '  0.412MPa FEMCB =  (54.795)(7.5)  (36.281)(7.5)
12 8
Computation of loads: = - 290.865 kN-m

DEAD LOADS: Since the beam is symmetric and all Fixed

Beam Self-Weight; End Moments are already balanced. So, there is no
= (0.3m)(0.6m)(23.6kN/) need of distribution process.
= 22.302kN/m
Slab Self-Weight; Solving for the reaction
= (0.18m)(5.25m)(23.6kN/)
= 22.302kN/m ∑MA = 0;
Finished Floor; MAB = 36.281(7.5/2) + (54.795(7.5)2)/2 + MBA– RB1(7.5)
= (1.1kPa)(5.25m)
= 5.775kN/m 290.865 = 36.281(7.5/2) + (54.795(7.5)2)/2
Ceiling;
+ 290.865 – RB1 (7.5)
= (0.48kPa)(5.25m)
= 2.52kN/m RB1 = 223.62 kN
LIVE LOADS:
= (3.8 kPa)(5.25m) RB1 = RA = RC
= 19.95 kN/m
RB = 2RA = 447.24 kN
TOTAL LOADS = DL + LL Solving for the moment at the mid span;
= 34.845 kN/m + 19.95 kN/m
M = - (54.795(3.75)2)/2 – 290.865 + 223.62(3.75)
M = 162.43
Use;
Total no. of steel bars in Compression:
MMAX = 290.865 KN-m
2 fs (kd  d ' )
Total no. of steel bars in tension: fs ' 
d  kd
Assume b = 300mm 2(124)((0.432)(537.5)  62.5)
d = 537.5mm fs ' 
537.5  (0.432)(537.5)
2
M1 = 0.5 fc k j b d fs’ = 137.85 Mpa > 124 Mpa
use fs’ = 124 Mpa
M1 = 0.5 (9.45) (0.432) (0.856) (300) (537.5)2
M2
M1 = 151.44 kN.m As ' 
fs ' (d  d ' )
M1 139.47(10) 6
As1  As ' 
fsjd (124)(537.5  62.5)
As’ = 2367.91 mm2
6
151.44 x10
As1 
124(0.856)(537.5) Using 25mm dia. bar

(d ) 2 N  As
As1 = 2654.4 mm2 4

M2 = M – M1 (25) N  2367.91
2

4
M2 = 290.865 – 151.44 N = 4.82
M2 = 139.47 kN.m
Says
M2 Use 5-25 mm Ф bars
As 2 
fs (d  d ' )
139.47(10) 6 Check for Shear
As 2 
124(537.5  62.5)
V
As2 = 3812.6 mm2 v
bd
As = As1 + As2 V = 0.5 (( 54.795) ( 7.5 ) + 36.281)– 54.795 (0.5375)
As = 2654.4 + 3812.6 V = 194.17 kN
As = 6467 mm2 194.17
v (103 )
300(537.5)
Using 28mm dia. bar v = 1.2 MPa < 0.412 MPa

(d ) 2 N  As
4 so it needs stirrups;

(28) 2 N  6467 use 12mm dia. Bar stirrups;
4
N = 10.5 AS = π(12)2/4 = 36π mm2
Says v’ = 1.2 – 0.41
v’ = 0.79 MPa
Use 11-28 mm Ф bars
 Avfv V = 223.62 kN
s
v' b @ tension side
(36 )(2)(124)
s 223.62(1000)
0.79(300) u
( )(2811(0.856)(537.5)
s = 118.35 mm
say 115 mm u = 0.5 MPa < 2.9 MPa (safe)
use 12 mm dia. Bar stirrups @ 115 mm O.C.
@ compression side
Check for Bond Stress
223.62(1000)
u
10.14 fc ' = 2.9 MPa ( )(255(0.856)(537.5)
u
D
u = 1.24 MPa < 2.9 MPa (safe)
V
u
 o jd

V = 0.5 (( 54.795) ( 7.5 ) + 36.281)

 = 35.2 kN/m + 19.95 kN/m
C. Girder Beam 2 = 55.15 kN/m
Beam Reinforced by Compression
Design data: Solving for Moments
Slab thickness (Slab 1) = 180mm
Tributary width = 5.25m P = 447.24 kN ( Reaction from Girder Beam 1)
Span of beam = 15m
WL2 Pab 2
Dead loads: FEMAB = 
Assume b = 300mm 12 L2
(55.15)(10.5) 2 (447.24)(3)(7.5) 2
D = 650mm FEMAB = 
12 (10.5) 2
Floor finish = 1.1 kpa
= 1191.24 kN-m
Wall partition = 3.11 kN/m per meter height
Ceiling load = 0.48 kpa
WL2 Pa 2 b
Live load = 3.8 kpa FEMBA =  
12 L2
(55.15)(10.5) 2 (447.24)(3) 2 (7.5)
DESIGN CONSTANT: FEMBA =  
𝑛 𝑘 12 (10.5) 2
R = ½ fc k j ; k = 𝑓𝑠 ; j = 1- 3 = - 780.51 kN-m
𝑛+
𝑓𝑐
Solve for “k , j & R”;

fc = 0.45 fc' = 0.45( 21) = 9.45MPa Solving for the reaction

10
k= 124 = 0.432 ∑MA = 0;
10+
9.45
0.432
j = 1- 3 = 0.856 1191.24 = 447.24(3) + (55.15(10.5)2)/2 + 780.51–
R = ½ fc k j = (0.5)(9.45)(0.432)(0.856) RB(10.5)
R = 1.749 MPa
RB = 378.2 kN
va  0.09 f c '  0.412MPa
RA = 648.11 kN
Computation of loads:
DEAD LOADS:
Beam Self-Weight; Use;
= (0.3m)(0.65m)(23.6kN/)
= 4.6kN/m M = 1191.24 KN-m
Slab Self-Weight;
= (0.18m)(5.25m)(23.6kN/) Total no. of steel bars in tension:
= 22.302kN/m Assume b = 300mm
Finished Floor; d = 580mm
= (1.1kPa)(5.25m)
= 5.775kN/m M1 = 0.5 fc k j b d2
Ceiling;
= (0.48kPa)(5.25m) M1 = 0.5 (9.45) (0.432) (0.856) (300) (580)2
= 2.52kN/m
LIVE LOADS: M1 = 176.33 kN.m
= (3.8 kPa)(5.25m)
M1
= 19.95 kN/m As1 
fsjd
TOTAL LOADS = DL + LL
 176.33x10 6 
As1  (36) 2 N  16048.55
124(0.856)(580) 4
As1 = 2864.26 mm2 N = 15.77
Says
Use 16-36 mm Ф bars
M2 = M – M1
M2 = 1191.24 – 176.33
M2 = 1014.91 kN.m Check for Shear

M2 V
As 2  v
fs (d  d ' ) bd
V = 648.11 – 55.15 (0.580)
1014.91(10) 6
As 2  V = 616.123 kN
124(580  70) 616.123
v (10 3 )
As2 = 16048.55 mm2 300(580)
v = 3.54 MPa < 0.412 MPa
As = As1 + As2
As = 2864.26 + 16048.55 so it needs stirrups;
As = 18912.81 mm2
use 12mm dia. Bar stirrups;
Using 36mm dia. bar AS = π(12)2/4 = 36π mm2
 v’ = 3.54 – 0.41
(d ) 2 N  As
4 v’ = 3.13 MPa

(36) N  18912.81
2
s
Avfv
4
v' b
N = 18.5
(36 )(2)(124)
Says s
3.13(300)
Use 19-28 mm Ф bars s = 29.87 mm
say 100 mm
Total no. of steel bars in Compression: use 12 mm dia. Bar stirrups @ 100 mm O.C.
2 fs (kd  d ' )
fs '  Check for Bond Stress
d  kd
2(124)((0.432)(580)  70) 10.14 fc ' = 2.9 MPa
fs '  u
580  (0.432)(580) D
fs’ = 135.92 Mpa > 124 Mpa V
u
use fs’ = 124 Mpa  o jd
M2
As '  V = 648.11 kN
fs ' (d  d ' )
@ tension side
1014.91(10) 6
As ' 
(124)(580  70) u
648.11(1000)
As’ = 16048.55 mm2 ( )(3619(0.856)(580)

u = 0.6 MPa < 2.9 MPa (safe)

Using 36mm dia. bar

(d ) 2 N  As
4
 DESIGN OF AXIALLY LOADED COLUMN

Design Constants:

fc’ = 21 MPa
fc = 9.45 MPa
fs = 124 MPa
n = 10
γconrete = 23.6 kN/m3
Covering = 40 mm
k = 0.432
j = 0.856
LL = 1.9 kN/m2
@5th floor Column ( C5 )

Total Service Load, P:

Live Load (LL) = 1.9 kN/m2 (7.5 m) (5.25 m) = 74.81 kN
Dead Load (DL) :
Slab = 23.6 kN/m3 (0.18 m) (7.5 m) (5.25 m) = 148.68 kN
Beam = 23.6 kN/m3 (0.51 m) (0.3 m) (11.5 m) = 41.52 kN
Ceiling = 0.48 kN/m2 (7.5 m) (5.25 m) = 18.9 kN
Floor Finish = 1.1 kN/m2 (7.5 m) (5.25 m) = 43.31 kN
Partition Wall = 2.98 kN/m2 (3.5 m) ( 10 m) (7.5 m) (5.25 m) / 132 m2 = 31.11 kN
P = LL + DL
P = 358.33 kN

Required t: (Assume Pg = 0.02; Ag = t2)

P = 0.85 Ag [ 0.25 fc’ + fs Pg ]
358.33 x 103 = 0.85t2 [ 0.25 (21) + 124 (0.02) ]
t = 233.5 mm
Says t = 235 mm

Required Concrete Gross Area:

Ag = t2 = (235)2
Ag = 55225 mm2

Steel Reinforcement: (Using 20 mm Ф bars)

As
Pg 
Ag

As = 0.02(55225)
As = 1104.5 mm2

(d ) 2 N  As
4

(20) 2 N  1104.5
4
N = 3.52
Says N = 4-20 mm Ф bars

Check:
P = 0.85 Ag [ 0.25 fc’ + fs Pg ]
P = 0.85 (55225) [ 0.25 (21) + 124 (0.02) ] (10-3)
P = 362.86 kN > 358.33 kN ( Safe )

Spacing of Lateral Ties: (Using 12mm Ф bars)

S = 16 (bar diameter) = 16 (20)
S = 320 mm
S = 48 (tie diameter) = 48 (12)
S = 576 mm
S=t
S = 235 mm
Use S = 235 mm O.C.
 @4th floor Column ( C4 )
Total Service Load, P:
P5 = 358.33 kN load @ 5th floor
P4 = 2P5 + Weight of column 5
P4 = 358.33(2) + 0.2542 (4)(23.6)
P4 = 722.75 kN

Required t: (Assume Pg = 0.02; Ag = t2)

P = 0.85 Ag [ 0.25 fc’ + fs Pg ]
722.65 x 103 = 0.85t2 [ 0.25 (21) + 124 (0.02) ]
t = 331.6 mm
Says t = 335 mm

Required Concrete Gross Area:

Ag = t2 = (335)2
Ag = 112225 mm2

Steel Reinforcement: (Using 20 mm Ф bars)

As
Pg 
Ag

As = 0.02(112225)
As = 2244.5 mm2

(d ) 2 N  As
4

(20) 2 N  2244.5
4
N = 7.14
Says N = 8-20 mm Ф bars
Check:
P = 0.85 Ag [ 0.25 fc’ + fs Pg ]
P = 0.85 (112225) [ 0.25 (21) + 124 (0.02) ] (10-3)
P = 737.37 kN > 718.18 kN ( Safe )

Spacing of Lateral Ties: (Using 12mm Ф bars)

S = 16 (bar diameter) = 16 (20)
S = 320 mm
S = 48 (tie diameter) = 48 (12)
S = 576 mm
S=t
S = 335 mm
Use S = 310 mm O.C.

@3rd floor Column ( C3 )

Total Service Load, P:
P5 = 358.33 kN load @ 5th floor
P3 = 3P5 + Weight of column 5 + Weight of column 4
P3 = 358.33(3) + 0.2542 (4)(23.6) + 0.3352(4)(23.6)
P3 = 1091.67 kN

Required t: (Assume Pg = 0.02; Ag = t2)

P = 0.85 Ag [ 0.25 fc’ + fs Pg ]
1091.67 x 103 = 0.85t2 [ 0.25 (21) + 124 (0.02) ]
t = 407.61 mm
Says t = 410 mm

Required Concrete Gross Area:

Ag = t2 = (410)2
Ag = 168100 mm2
Steel Reinforcement: (Using 25 mm Ф bars)
As
Pg 
Ag

As = 0.02(168100)
As = 3362 mm2

(d ) 2 N  As
4

(25) 2 N  3362
4
N = 6.85
Says N = 8-25 mm Ф bars

Check:
P = 0.85 Ag [ 0.25 fc’ + fs Pg ]
P = 0.85 (168100) [ 0.25 (21) + 124 (0.02) ] (10-3)
P = 1104.5 kN > 1091.67 kN ( Safe )

Spacing of Lateral Ties: (Using 12mm Ф bars)

S = 16 (bar diameter) = 16 (25)
S = 400 mm
S = 48 (tie diameter) = 48 (12)
S = 576 mm
S=t
S = 410 mm
Use S = 400 mm O.C.
 @2nd floor Column ( C2 )
Total Service Load, P:
P5 = 358.33 kN load @ 5th floor
P2 = 4P5 + Weight of column 5 + Weight of column 4 + Weight of column 3
P2 = 358.33(4) + 0.2542 (4)(23.6) + 0.3352(4)(23.6) + 0.412 (4)(23.6)
P2 = 1465.87 kN

Required t: (Assume Pg = 0.02; Ag = t2)

P = 0.85 Ag [ 0.25 fc’ + fs Pg ]
1465.87 x 103 = 0.85t2 [ 0.25 (21) + 124 (0.02) ]
t = 472 mm
Says t = 475 mm

Required Concrete Gross Area:

Ag = t2 = (475)2
Ag = 225625 mm2

Steel Reinforcement: (Using 25 mm Ф bars)

As
Pg 
Ag

As = 0.02(225625)
As = 4512.5 mm2

(d ) 2 N  As
4

(25) 2 N  4512.5
4

N = 9.19
Says N = 10-25 mm Ф bars
Check:
P = 0.85 Ag [ 0.25 fc’ + fs Pg ]
P = 0.85 (225615) [ 0.25 (21) + 124 (0.02) ] (10-3)
P = 1482.47 kN > 1465.87 kN ( Safe )

Spacing of Lateral Ties: (Using 12mm Ф bars)

S = 16 (bar diameter) = 16 (25)
S = 400 mm
S = 48 (tie diameter) = 48 (12)
S = 480 mm
S=t
S = 475 mm
Use S = 400 mm O.C.

@1st floor Column ( C1 )

Total Service Load, P:
P5 = 358.33 kN load @ 5th floor
P1 = 5P5 + Weight of column 5 + Weight of column 4 + Weight of column 3 + Weight of column 2
P1 = 358.33(5) + 0.2542 (4)(23.6) + 0.3352(4)(23.6) + 0.412 (4)(23.6) + 0.4752 (4)(23.6)
P1 = 1845.5 kN

Required t: (Assume Pg = 0.02; Ag = t2)

P = 0.85 Ag [ 0.25 fc’ + fs Pg ]
1845.5 x 103 = 0.85t2 [ 0.25 (21) + 124 (0.02) ]
t = 529.98 mm
Says t = 530 mm

Required Concrete Gross Area:

Ag = t2 = (530)2
Ag = 280900 mm2
Steel Reinforcement: (Using 28 mm Ф bars)
As
Pg 
Ag

As = 0.02(280900)
As = 5618 mm2

(d ) 2 N  As
4

(28) 2 N  5618
4
N = 9.12
Says N = 10-28 mm Ф bars

Check:
P = 0.85 Ag [ 0.25 fc’ + fs Pg ]
P = 0.85 (422500) [ 0.25 (21) + 124 (0.02) ] (10-3)
P = 2776.04 kN > 2745.5 kN ( Safe )

Spacing of Lateral Ties: (Using 12mm Ф bars)

S = 16 (bar diameter) = 16 (28)
S = 448 mm
S = 48 (tie diameter) = 48 (12)
S = 576 mm
S=t
S = 530 mm
Use S = 448 mm O.C.