Intex polation Let @ physical expori ment be Conducta) ond out ome ia ecodad ot dome denite number of tine. Tf we nowt fo Kno Ve odcome of dome intrrmedials time who the data ans not aaitoble, thew we mo use foo supe te whole experiment once agarn to get Pris dobe Mothemah coll, Dope phot te fynite Bat 4, values {foa: A= o,12,- un} + a function foxy at a given ad + fads fr teen, oy 13 Known and we wat fo fd the Vole 4 fay ot xe Oy, %), fon ome drove LK= alarm One wos of obtains the value 4 fix Us to compote thir value dbaucly from the expression of the function Pix). ofbin, we mag not Knoid tneexprernion 4 dhe ford exple city ond ony the data {easy beotannf U kwon, whe Ye = fou. 4 ee Xn Tn toes of fhe sical exposmest (Like caraua a count ry ), repealing bn espoumet will len be very exhensive. Thoutont, one would Lke fo qt ot Loot an ofprovimate value of fox ( In tome ah ex porinat, anJabbrorimal value os the outcome ol the devined tine)# Tas is achieved ty pout Cooma Ma Choi a function POC) Whose Value at % coinades exodly with the volue frx;) for £212, un and find the vole of this com rncid function ot the desined font. Guelv a frou is called nb polation and Mu cont nudes) berdton Poy is Colled tu inte folabog function fon te given dda. # Incartoin cir cumatonces, the forekion $00 meg be Kroon explicitly but till tho dilkreult th Perform cart ain thorations Dike ali fyertati ation ond snfeghation. This tL uthul b deatrid the clams of inte ploing functions te foly nomi old, Whas — chiffersatiation | {ilepration can be done colsFalunomi al inferpolation : Ik jx a Concept of fittng 0 Payne of te a gue dil. Thus to contruct an ‘ate polodiig Potynom: all, we fiat need a al of: fou at whichs the dota values ara Kroon Def: Any Calle chan of distinct rool numbers %0, 2), -- 1 Xa (not necersanity kn Anceo nag ardor) jg Called nodes. Df: Le Bj, = ty be The given nodes and to,3,°°7d, b Neo nunbas. A filynomied RO) f dep sn wu paid be te a Felynon al Unto Polating the given date on into. polatng Pols non al fpr the given dota xf Pty = ¥- - WO = ay # Keyan —O Conditions gun ty @ ore called the inser fol ary Condi tions.Existence and Uniengge of, iatrflting Bynomal PASTE ONT SNNOGE thy Wty Kyron! Theorem: Lib 6,21, 9 be given naket, and yy y, jhe ren numbers. Then i Mhece existe a pam’ ad Pu 4; dee Cees than o- equal ton duds Bat Bu ayy, = Ola, diy Aus a plyaom al 05 obove jf unique - Fro Sy We Wk prse existence of Jatyflany Hy nonial by Malem -abical induction If ozo, then te conttart Palyronial Ra =y, 1 Ade rquitel Aynmmial ond Me degen 4 Les than oF sul to Eete Assume thal the tem is rust ber nek: We will nd pavethat the result ig pure fpr n= Kil. Lt the dela be given by | te 4 sete d! d Ys. § kK ke Bathe axumption, thee existe o. Polynoriol Aor 4 degree ters Lhow ve equal to K Aude dhol the pot k falerfplosiig Condition Rr) = oe, de ebek — Pold. Oryne a Peby noncsa Pray degree lers thon ov equal to Kl by Poy OE) = NOY tC (te) (4%) + (Hy) Daher fhe Constant C1 Gad Hat the (Ksi)' anterlabing condi on en Cea) = Sky falls “This is ocdieued by chuosingCe Ye = fe Ota) : Cone) (eH) = Oh) Heke Unk Fay OP) = ye fox £20, 12 ---, K and K+}. Hence, th yen J Ha fo Oy rar nanbor (i) La than be toe inter boleding Poly nomial FQ) andQ Go) 4 dence DO thw o& equcl ten okt steqing Intec olatg Conclitions ve, MOO = Yo, Leela yn id Q (24) dh, tre la-on Dhne In GY = Px) -Q, &), thee MnO 10@ Polynomial 4, degite Leas than oy equal fen. By interpolating conditionsne Fave Snake) = Pred — Qqlu’) 9 Inc) =O fr ewny Le0)2- 0" Thus Fatt) 1% 2 Poly noms of of dope Lex thom orequel te ny with @x) distnd root. ©) the pedanental thenram algebra, We Conchule tht ¥en MO Zor Pol nomi Le, the infec slaty foly poral is Ungue A La the following dota represent te values 4, f . x ° 0.5 1 fry |-o00 0.5242 = 0-493} Then Uw arte Fulrssiny qrovtions :(ly Whd 3 the exact expresion for thu frnetion foxy ? Uiy 4095) 7 fst We corit get the exad expresion df fry Govt tet Dee gues data (sex fy4- ) qd Dus te this foo9s) oil | nel be unique -Lnfod ef Gon be any aol nunber. Pye = - 1404220. ovo + fous Sin(K e*) 0S on the vthurkard, 4 le los kK fer fon kn the clas 1 Tanabe 4 dey <2, thn Previous then rem Amplia Ahet Chow ex cts ea cy One Buch ferynomial & Pence le obtain unigad valu 4, £0.45)Foxward differen ms: Lit de data { (x45) L ke any xismgtih ae 440%): = Ad = TON) -FOs), S4= ard), oy AY 4, to A fs ala iwoud Ai osnee ops aed 83, a3, ay, on Called first fru and diffounee. J dil erences a fim {fomdurd dikfeneners OL Second forsoard Vihboren es ond one hensteD by Ate = ACMI) = 8 CY) = hy 84, = Bao) (Ir delay, Be = 8 nue) = 8 Ay = Bes hna)-C ha) hr, I dep beg §n % x % KyPoxword diffeuner table 4 x t A a a“ 4 “ No ‘hb - a “ a7 _ ato. By Ay B ty * * a4 . . *, 5 Mh ay, Ad, % ds ey Ae ts 5 d, yy a4- . my, © de Tek yee es We - +Backward difterencep * “The dif ounces dvd, ted, Colled first backword dafjerin ces and denoted by ae b= age, x X 4 Ar % Xe oy dnt, Vie 427 di, 3) Vda= On $a - Hew y(nebla) ts cabled the backward dffounce oberstor - Vv yr v3 yt ~ Ab Mh Ny Rey vy Yeon , L a, Vv 4 vy A Va, 's ay veg 4 4, A, 3 to Yeo a, 4 dyCentral _— The central diff eran ce sper ator, SB defined by he sal ations 4-4, = a Xs § 4 ~fo= Saleh) Sy, ob ant, L bn- 4, = Sia *o oh x, Centiet diff ounce table § 6 $ sf sy =AheTh $Y b¥y, Bay 4 5 oa, oh da, 3 te sty "he Sty >HE Tt 5 clean from above discussed table tut th a duhinite numerical Ge, the ame numerical yolue occur in the Aame Positions Whethrr We wie dprward, backward o% Contra diS fonancep . Thos, we hove s 3 5 - = _ way _ Ad= V4, = aL, AN, = Wds= Sy, ete Symbolic Relalions: The shft operdtr E ib debined by Bu equation E ty = 4 which, hows Hut afect 4, E pat M+? hfe the funcional value yy fo the next Agha vol Yyey L Also, Edy = E thy, = Gran un general, e” de = SenThe averaging operotos (Ju) Is defined By Bay = 3 Carat * de), ra nl ty, te ht 1 <7 whe eth + 44, Sma, — dn = Edy —dn Ain = EY, > Az E+] : 4 aL LoL Smiley, gs ie E! $2 -E* ys EXtE™ L gf - pre It 2, A= VE = Se” eteA den ite outer De 4 Gud thet Iso, We dehmite an ob te Dye a4 4). de To kelate D and E, we fove from Taylors Sesces Eqoy= eet h y = qm t A Dyer) $ ae D> Yin) fee ZI - 2 = ( tapos hoy te) yoo at ho Ce 4mRHs WV Q. show tht (Uo blot aus.) hn = Show that AY Uy) = Uy ~ Nay t eo ye “FEN Un Ux -— ng ncn-) -% - x — DE Uy t+ CE Wyn gt ene Ux “1 - (inne + nO er, + EU”) Uy vt -1yA (l-e7)"u, (e-1)" E uy n Nv Uy-n, °9 Az E- o TUy tue tue y.. 2) uwDifferences of A falynomial © Let Yoo = 69274024. 44, be @ BY nomial 4 nde degree. Then, we Rove HAR) ~ 4 Og = Oo L@thy” — x9] $01 | GHhML x te Ayn) = dnhy Ply ah x 4 ay xd y- ——0 hove ay, ay ae OM new Coeffi cans. Equation ® Shows thet te first dif erence 4 Q@ Poby romied of wth depae is a. Polynomial deqru @-1). Srmiberly, the Zecond dlifference will be @ folynomial 4 degser (0-2) and the coef cunt fox wil be GN) Hi Thusth nth Qi erunce 4 By nl ty which 14 4 Constaid Hen, the Garyth ond Righor order difertnaas qa felyromial] 4 nite degree will be Zero. Conversely, a) Bu te dof ances 4 a tabulitedfunction at Constant ond the Gry, (ayy dyornees abl Varsha, When the dabulated function paprcieite a fobgnoma all 4 degut n Tt mey be naticad thet there revl fold gred oy 4 Be tas eo eputly apred 4 The Cawese is imbrtat in aumericad, analysts us to abprorimati @ functon by 4 Py nomad if ity diff ounces 4 done vader beeome nearly Constant Binee id enables Newitor’s formulae fon Tnterpolotio » Given the date LRH) Fe ghar ny ats moe RE LE a nein te find 2 Potynomial Pacer (Yor) 4 depuen duchy thet Yn) Gre Of given tabulated PointSince 4,(0) (whieh we are inbuatid to {nd ) ome Tolnomial o, depen n, Eb may be Wwrithy os POO =) = Go + Oe) + (LHe) OER) 4g Sn (1-29) (2-11) ~ Otay), —O 5 cf Hoe Qe ane rinknown. Values ol APS ane ob tamed by ip x ‘nln any Conditions, u+e., Pee dn (XR) = de A Saleen Freon ©, we fave 3 ak y= Le, Yo = a £ olxexy = +O, Carre) = dys YoYo A 4, > = = a r=%y, d= ‘2 (9%) 4a (AK) (hy > waeSim Wy, Br = at, Az = Hot ER; izoy2, ah n Setioy x= Q4 PR and feat alt. He eS 4 dn volus of, as in Q, he Rove * x we cH % REY GO = y+ b Ay, oe ey ay ED»: (Ft) oy. al —® E1,@ [5 Newtons foxward diffeunce svt Polation formule and is useful for rntr polation near the begining of a act 4, tobules values