19-01-2022

Artificial Neural Networks

Dr. Manjeet Singh, ECE Department, NIT Jalandhar

History of
Neural
Network

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 For the longest time possible, the word “intelligence” was just
associated with the human brain.

What is Neural
Network?  It is like an artificial human nervous system for receiving,
processing, and transmitting information in terms of Computer
Science.

 mimic human decision-making capabilities

 The human nervous system may be viewed as a three-stage

system, as depicted in the block diagram.

THE HUMAN
BRAIN

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 The brain makes up for the relatively slow rate of operation of a

neuron by having a truly staggering number of neurons (nerve

cells) with massive interconnections between them.

 It is estimated that there are approximately 10 billion neurons

in the human cortex, and 60 trillion synapses or connections

(Shepherd and Koch, 1990).

 The net result is that the brain is an enormously efficient structure.

Specifically, the energetic efficiency of the brain is approximately

10-16 joules (J) per operation per second, whereas the

corresponding value for the best computers is orders of

magnitude larger.

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The Human
Brain

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Neuron in the
Brain

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Neuron is the computational unit that gets number

of inputs through input wires (Dendrite), does some
computation and send outputs through output
wires (Axon) to the other neurons.

Neuron Dendrite Axon

 Input wires :- these  Output wire :- this uses to send

receives inputs from messages to other neurons.
other locations

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Neuron