Republic of the Philippines

OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT

COMMISSION ON HIGHER EDUCATION

CHED MEMORANDUM ORDER

No. _______
Series of 2017

SUBJECT: POLICIES, STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES FOR BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN

LEGAL MANAGEMENT (BSLM)

In accordance with the pertinent provisions of Republic Act (RA) No. 7722, otherwise known as
the “Higher Education Act of 1994,” in pursuance of an Outcomes-based Education (OBE)
approach and typology-based quality assurance system as advocated under CHED
Memorandum Order (CMO) No. 46, series of 2012, and by virtue of Commission en banc
Resolution No. ___________ dated __________________ ,the following policies,
standards and guidelines (PSGs) are hereby adopted and promulgated by the
Commission.

ARTICLE I
INTRODUCTION

Section 1. Rationale

The legal and regulatory environment of business has changed at a very rapid
pace in the past decades and will continue to evolve in the twenty-first century
characterized by stronger advocacy on corporate governance, ethical standards
and social responsibility, expanded use of the internet and globalization, including
the AEC 2015 integration which will have direct impact on the government,
industry and education sectors of the 10-member ASEAN countries. This has
resulted to organizational transformation and shift to new business models such as
e-commerce, e-contracts, international trade and agreements, including
environmental laws and protocols.

Thus, contemporary legislations and regulations were introduced for more worker
and consumer protection, combat cyber crimes, deal with worker migrations and
compliance from states imposed by their respective governments on their
individual industries.

HEIs particularly business schools, must take the center stage in meeting their
primordial goal of bridging industry needs and the academe, by helping their
student-graduates, who will be future employees, executives and/or
entrepreneurs with the understanding and keeping in the forefront of their decision
process, how ethics, social responsibility and the law apply to the business world.

The BS Legal Management (BSLM) Program is an interdisciplinary approach to

the study of business, management, law and society. It provides knowledge and
skills in the components of law and the legal intricacies of the business
environment. The purpose of this multifaceted program is to develop the study of
law within a business-management framework and to explore the myriad ways in
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 which law is connected with other management disciplines pertinent to an
understanding of contemporary business and society.

The BSLM program, therefore aims to develop managers of the twenty-first

century who have working knowledge of law, business and society from a
perspective of corporate leadership and good governance with due regard to the
rights and welfare of all stakeholders.

A distinctive feature of the program is that the majority of upper-level courses

include a student- centered learning approach to achieve learning competencies
at various levels, based on the Guidelines for the Implementation of CMO No. 46 s
2012.

This PSG implements the “shift to learning competency-based standards/

outcomes-based education.” It specifies the ‘core competencies’ expected of Level
6 (Bachelor’s degree) such as Bachelor of Science in Legal Management
graduates “.

Based on the Guidelines for the Implementation of CMO 46 s 2012, this PSG
implements the “shift to learning competency-based standards/ outcomes-based
education.” It specifies the ‘core competencies’ expected of Bachelor of Science in
Legal Management graduates “regardless of the type of HEI they graduate from.”
However, in “recognition of the spirit of outcomes-based education and… of the
typology of HEIs,” this PSG also provides “ample space for HEIs to innovate in the
curriculum in line with the assessment of how best to achieve learning outcomes in
their particular contexts and their respective missions…”

ARTICLE II
AUTHORITY TO OPERATE

Section 2. Government Recognition

All private higher education institutions (PHEIs) intending to offer Bachelor of

Science in Legal Management must first secure proper authority to operate the
program from the Commission in accordance with these PSGs. All PHEIs with an
existing Bachelor of Science in Legal Management program are required to shift to
an outcomes-based approach based on these PSGs. State universities and
colleges (SUCs), and local universities and colleges (LUCs) should likewise strictly
adhere to the provisions in these policies and standards.

ARTICLE III
GENERAL PROVISIONS

Per Section 13 of RA No. 7722, the higher education institutions shall exercise academic
freedom in its curricular offerings but must comply with the minimum requirements for specific
academic programs, the general education distribution requirements and the specific
professional courses.

Section 3. The Articles that follow give minimum standards and other requirements and
prescriptions. The minimum standards are expressed as a minimum set of desired
program outcomes which are given in Article IV Section 6. The curriculum was
designed to attain such outcomes. This curriculum is shown in Article V Section 8
as a sample or model curriculum. The number of units of this curriculum is here

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 prescribed as the “minimum unit requirement” under Section 13 of RA 7722. In
designing the curriculum a curriculum map was employed which is shown in Article
V Section 9 as a sample or model curriculum map.

Using a learner-centered/outcomes-based approach, appropriate curriculum

delivery methods was also determined shown in Article V Section 10. The sample
course syllabi given in Article V Section 11 show some of these methods.

Based on the curriculum and the means of its delivery, the physical resource
requirements for the library, laboratories and other facilities and the human
resource requirements in terms of administration and faculty were determined.
See Article VI.

Section 4. The HEIs are allowed to design curricula suited to their own contexts and missions
provided that they can demonstrate that the same leads to the attainment of the
required minimum set of outcomes, albeit by a different route. In the same vein,
they have latitude in terms of curriculum delivery and in terms of specification and
deployment of human and physical resources as long as they can show that the
attainment of the program outcomes and satisfaction of program educational
objectives can be assured by the alternative means they propose.

The HEIs can use the CHED Implementation Handbook for Outcomes-Based
Education (OBE) and the Institutional Sustainability Assessment (ISA) as a
guide in making their submissions for Sections 16, 17 and 18 of Article VII.

These PSGs are based on the existing 10-year basic education system and on the
existing GE program. They reflect the reform towards outcomes-based education
but not the K12 Reform. The latter shall be addressed subsequently.

ARTICLE IV
PROGRAM SPECIFICATIONS

Section 5. Program Description

5.1 Degree Name

The degree program herein shall be called “Bachelor of Science in Legal

Management (BSLM)”.

5.2 Nature of the Field of Study

The BS Legal Management (BSLM) Program is an interdisciplinary approach to

the study of business, management, law and society. It provides knowledge and
skills in the components of law and the legal and regulatory intricacies of the
business environment.

The purpose of this multifaceted program is to develop the study of law within a
business-management framework and to explore the myriad ways in which law
is connected with other management disciplines pertinent to an understanding of
contemporary business and society. The student is given two options as field of
concentration: General Management and Law.

Thus, this program is an excellent preparatory course for a four-year law proper
studies (Bachelor of Laws (LLB)/ Juris Doctor(JD ), or a pathway to graduate

Page 3 of 24
 studies in business and management such as MBA and allied disciplines in
social sciences such as MA/MS Applied Economics and MA in Public
Administration (MPA).

5.3 Program Goals (PROGRAM GOAL WILL BE THE EXPECTED OUTCOMES

OF THE GRADUATES AFTER GRADUATION AND WITHIN 3 TO 5 YEARS
OF GRADUATION THAT WILL BE INCLUDED IN THE ASSESSMENT)

The primary goal of legal management education is to produce competent and

ethical professionals capable of making a positive contribution over their
lifetimes to the management profession and society in which they work.
Specifically, the BSLM graduate will be able to:

a. understand and apply the concepts, principles, theories, and philosophies

of Business ,Management and Law.

b. seek employment and facilitate the integration process in the corporate

environment so they can be immediately productive once employed.

c. appreciate the Paralegal role in the organization and the Legal and
regulatory environment of Business.; and how they can make meaningful
contributions as a strategic partner in building the organization to become
globally competitive.

a. Specific Professions/careers/occupations for graduates

Entry-level jobs per area of specialization

1. Legal Management Specialist
2. Paralegal Assistant /Legal Secretary
3. Administrative Assistant
4. Human Resource Associate/Specialist
5. Executive Assistant for Legal Projects
6. Contract Management Specialist
7. Legal Researcher
8. Management Trainee
9. Investigator/Fraud examiner
10. Associate Lawyer (After finishing a Bachelor’s Degree in law/JD)
11. Self-employed businessman/entrepreneur
12. Instructor /Faculty of Management and Legal Studies)

Supervisory/ Middle Management

13. Financial Analyst
14. Management Consultant
15. Business Risk /Tax Analyst Analyst
16. Director of a government regulatory agency
17. Commercial Bank Manager
18. Commercial/ Labor Arbitrator and Negotiator
19. Project Manager
20. Manager-Human Resource Department
21. Technical Advisor (Consulting Firm)
22. Senior Manager
23. Senior Associate Lawyer (After a Bachelor’s degree in law LLB,/J.D.)
24. Assistant/Associate Professor/Faculty of Management and Legal
Studies (with an MA/MBA)

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 Senior-Top Management
25. General Manager (after at least 10 years of experience/ and /or
finishing graduate studies e.g MBA )
26. Vice President-Human Resource Division
27. Vice President-Administration
28. CEO/President of a private/profit-oriented firm
29. Managing Director /President of an NGO, government
owned or controlled corporation (GOCC)
30. Managing Partner of a law firm (after obtaining an LLB/J.D
degree)
31. Business Entrepreneur-Owner
32. School Administrator (Dean/VP)

5.4 Allied Fields in Business , Law and Economics

Legal Management is closely related to the management discipline and allied

to: a) the functional fields of business administration such as accounting,
finance ,marketing, operations, IT and human resource management; b) in the
specialized staff functions such as research, legal, economics and; c) special
fields and industries such as international management and customs
administration, law and legal practice, hospitality and travel management,
public administration, educational administration, and entrepreneurship.

Section 6. Program Outcomes

The minimum standards for the BS Legal Management program are expressed in
the following minimum set of learning outcomes:

6.1 Common to all programs in all types of schools

The graduates will have the ability to:

a. articulate and discuss the latest developments in the specific field of

practice. (PQF level 6 descriptor)
b. effectively communicate orally and in writing using both English and
Filipino
c. work effectively and independently in multi-disciplinary and multi-cultural
teams. (PQF level 6 descriptor)
d. act in recognition of professional, social, and ethical responsibility
e. preserve and promote “Filipino historical and cultural heritage” (based on
RA 7722)

6.2 Common to the Business and Management discipline

A graduate of a business or management degree should be able to:

a. Define the basic functions of management such as planning, organizing,

staffing, directing, leading and controlling
b. Identify the basic concepts that underlie each of the functional areas of
business (marketing, accounting, finance, human resources management,
production and operations management, information technology, and
strategic management) and apply these concepts to business situations
c. Apply the proper decision tools to critically, analytically and creatively solve
problems and drive results
d. Communicate effectively with stakeholders both orally and in writing

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 e. Effectively and efficiently use information and communication technology
(ICT)
f. Work well with others
g. Manage people and offices
h. Lead groups and initiate activities
i. Demonstrate corporate citizenship and social responsibility, and exercise
high personal moral and ethical standards

6.1 Specific to a BSLM program:

A graduate of BSLM should be able to:

a. Apply legal and management principles, theories and methods to various

types of organizations
b. Analyze, evaluate and solve problems critically using legal and
management tools and techniques
c. Use interpersonal and communication skills effectively
d. Seek employment and facilitate the integration process in the corporate
environment so they can be immediately productive once employed.
e. Make decisions and act within ethical standards and corporate social
responsibility
f. Formulate meaningful contributions as a strategic partner in building the
organization to become globally competitive

6.2 Common to a horizontal type of PHEI as defined in CMO 46 s 2012

 For professional institutions: a service orientation in one’s profession

 For colleges: an ability to participate in various types of employment,
development activities, and public discourses particularly in response to
the needs of the communities one serves
 For universities: an ability to participate in the generation of new
knowledge or in research and development projects

Graduates of State Universities and Colleges (SUCs) in addition, must have the
competencies to support “national, regional and local development plans.” (RA
7722).

A PHEI, at its option, may adopt mission-related program outcomes that are not
included in the minimum set.

Section 7. Sample Performance Indicators

Performance indicators are specific, measurable statements identifying the

performance(s) required to meet the outcome; confirmable evidence.

7.1 Demonstrate proficiency in business and legal management principles,

theories and methods relevant to the Philippine business environment
7.2 Demonstrate proficiency in problem solving and decision making through the
use of effective legal and management tools and techniques
7.3 Develop effective oral and written communication skills in legal and
business-related industries
7.4 Apply principles and theories learned in the classroom to develop
competitive advantage for gainful employment
7.5 Practice social, moral and ethical values in the practice of the legal or
management profession
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 7.6 Exhibit professionalism in the conduct of business and profession
7.7 Contribute to the development of a globally competitive organization

(Please see performance indicators and its corresponding specific knowledge, skills and
attitudes in Annex B)

ARTICLE V
CURRICULUM

Section 8 Curriculum Description

The curriculum for BS Legal Management (BSLM) is designed to support aspiring

business and legal management professionals to develop the appropriate entry-level
technical competence, professional skills, values, ethics and attitudes to successfully
complete their studies and gain work entry in business (profit), not-for-profit
organizations ,NGO and Government organizations, or develop, start-up and run
enterprises as entrepreneurs.

The BSLM is also an excellent preparatory program for further graduate studies in
law/Juris Doctor (LLB/JD) or MBA and MPA and covers a balance treatment of
functional areas in human resource management, marketing, finance, operations and
economics , business law and all aspects of the legal environment of business. It also
broadens the graduate’s knowledge and skills in both local and international business
environment.

It is composed of 116 units for aligned SHS graduates or 131 units (additional 15
units of Bridging Program for non- academic-ABM- strand graduates), including the
required General Education Curriculum (GEC), and covers all major areas required by
the business and legal management profession such as:

1. The Common Business and Management Education Courses (CBMEC)

2. The Business and Management Education Core Courses (BMEC)

BS LEGAL MANAGEMENT (BSLM) CURRICULUM)

Effective AY 2018/2019

Minimum Units
Courses
Prescribed
1. General Education (GE) Courses 36
2. NSTP (1 & 2) 6
3. Physical Education (PE) courses (PE1,2,3 & 4) 8
Sub-total 50 units

Minimum Units
Courses
Prescribed
4.Common Business and Management Courses
(CBMEC)
 Operations Management (TQM) (3)
 Strategic Management (3) 6
6.Business and Management Education Core (BMEC) 15
7. Professional (Legal Management) Core 21
Page 7 of 24
 8. Specialization-Concentration -Track Electives
Concentration 1: General Management (18)
Concentration 2: Law (18)
Concentration 3: Student-constructed (18) 18
9. Integration Course: Capstone Project or Thesis (3)
10.Internship (320 hrs) (3) 6
Sub-total 66
Total ,including GE, NSTP and PE (ABM Strand) 116 Units

Total, including GE,NSTP and PE (Non-ABM Strand) 131 Units

The subjects under the General Education (GE) Courses are as per CHED
Memorandum No. 20 series of 2013.

This curriculum is vertically aligned with the ACADEMIC TRACK -Accounting and
Business Management (ABM) strand of the senior high school (SHS) PROGRAM.

8.1 Bridging Program

For students who did not take the Academic Track-ABM Strand in their Senior High
School, HEIs should offer bridging courses such as the specialization courses in K-
12 ABM strand, but not limited to said courses to make them at par with those who
have taken the ABM academic strand and comply with K-12 requirements. These
should be offered and distributed in the first and second year levels of the BSLM
curriculum together with the GEC and made as pre-requisite and/or co-requisites for
the CBME and BMEC courses. (refer to Sample Model Curriculum)

For BS Legal Management, the minimum requirement for this Bridging Program
shall be 15 units of the following courses:

Bridging Program Course Lecture Lab Units

1.Business Organization and Management 3 - 3
2. Principles of Accounting 3 - 3
3. Business Finance 3 - 3
4. Principles of Marketing 3 - 3
5. Applied Economics 3 - 3
TOTAL 15 - 15

New program offerings under Business and Management cluster (allied) must offer
the 6 units common business and management courses.

The HEIs may be allowed to credit subjects /course taken by students abroad
provided they have the same required number of units and course description.

Section 9. Sample Curriculum

9.1 General Education, NSTP and Physical Education Courses

These courses can significantly prepare the students as they transition from
senior high school to tertiary education and pursue professional level of
education. This component of business administration education is
purposefully designed to strengthen four (4) important learning outcomes or
competencies:

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  Communication skills – Ability to write and speak clearly and
persuasively, gather evidence and construct a coherent argument; shape
speech and writing to the nature of one’s audience.

 Logical and critical thinking – Ability to analyze, synthesize and evaluate

information and ideas from multiple perspectives; differentiate between
objective information and subjective points of view and identify ways of
making provisional judgments.
 Quantitative reasoning and computer literacy – Development of
quantitative reasoning in mathematics or statistics combined with a basic
computer literacy which is essential in contemporary technological society.

 Accounting technician skills - Recording and summarizing financial

information using a computer and performing specialized accounting skills
such as working independently in accounts receivable, accounts payable,
and payroll.

A broad general education can significantly contribute to the acquisition of

professional skills. This component of the curriculum focuses on the
development of non-professional knowledge, intellectual skills, personal skills,
interpersonal and communication skills. A good foundation of general
education, although not an end in itself, is one way of helping students
become broad-minded individuals who think and communicate effectively and
who have the basis for conducting inquiry, carrying out logical thinking and
undertaking critical analysis.

This foundation will enable students to make decisions in the larger context of
society, to exercise good judgment and professional competence, to interact
with diverse groups of people, to think globally, and to begin the process of
professional growth. The acquisition of these skills is more important than the
way in which they are learned.

Minimum Units
Courses
Prescribed
1. General Education (GE) Courses 36
2. NSTP 6
3. Physical Education (PE) courses 8
Total 50 Units

The 36 units of GE Core Courses include:

GE Course Lec Lab Units

1. Understanding the Self 3 - 3

2. Readings in Philippine History 3 - 3
3. The Contemporary World 3 - 3
4. Mathematics in the Modern World 3 - 3
5. Purposive Communication 3 - 3
6. Arts Appreciation 3 - 3
7. Science, Technology and Society 2 1 3
8. Ethics 3 - 3
9. Rizal’s Life and Works (mandated by law) 3 - 3
10. GE Elective 1 (Mathematics, Science & 3 - 3

Page 9 of 24
 Technology)
11. GE Elective 2 (Social Science and Philosophy) 3 - 3
12. GE Elective 3 ( Arts and Humanities) 3 - 3
TOTAL GE Units 35 1 36

For BSLM, the recommended GE electives which are closely aligned to legal studies and the
design of this Curriculum are:

GE Elective Recommended GE Elective Lec Lab Units

for BSLM
Mathematics, Advanced Computer
Science & Application (w/Web 2 1 3
Technology Technology) for Legal
Management
Social Science and Human Behavior in
Philosophy Organizations/International 3 - 3
Economics
Arts and Speech with Argumentation 1 2 3
Humanities and Debate
Total GE 6 3 9
Electives, units

9.2 Common Business and Management Education (CBME) Courses

These courses cover all the major functional areas of business, and provide the
foundational knowledge of the environment and the context in which a graduate of
BSLM work. This will complete the functional areas of business started in Senior High
School (ABM Strand).

CBME COURSES No. OF UNITS

Lec Lab Units
Operations Management (Total Quality 3 3
Management-TQM)
Strategic Management and Business Policy 3 3
Total 6 - 6

9.3 Business and Management Education Core (BMEC) Courses

These courses consist of the four functional areas of business. A student of business
and management (including allied fields such as legal management) has to have basic
knowledge on these four functional areas.

BMEC COURSES No. OF UNITS

Lec Lab Units
1. Microeconomic Theory and Practice 3 3
2. Business Law (Obligations and Contracts) 3 3
3. Taxation (Law on Income Taxation) 3 3
4. Social Responsibility (with Business Ethics) 3 3
5. Human Resource Management 3 3
Total Units 21 - 15

Page 10 of 24
9.4 Professional / (Legal Management Core)-PLMC Courses

The following are the professional courses of the BSLM curriculum. These courses lay
the fundamental concepts that every legal management student has to know in the field
of business and legal studies.

These courses must be offered separately and independent from the law school
(LLB/JD) Program of the PHIE, if any, since the curriculum design and conduct of these
legal management core and specialized courses is from a managerial perspective
(combination of legal principles and practices, business ethics and corporate social
responsibility).

1. Foundations of the Legal and Regulatory Environment of Business

2. The Legal and Public Environment of Business Courses
3. The Employment Environment
4. The Regulatory and Private Environment of Business
5. The International Environment of Business

HEIs may enhance the curriculum by providing electives based on the vision and
mission of the college or school.

A. Professional /LEGAL MANAGEMENT CORE (PLMC) COURSES (21 units)

COURSES No. OF UNITS

Lec Lab Units
A .LEGAL MANAGEMENT CORE COURSES 30
1. Law on Business Organizations (Partnership & 3 3
Corporation)
2. Law on Business and Transfer Taxation 3 3
3.Law on Business Transactions (Sales, Agency, 3 3
Negotiable Instruments and Credit Transactions)
4. Business Protection Laws ( Property and Intellectual 3 3
Property Rights-IPR)
5.Retail Trade Laws and Consumer Act (with e- 2 1 3
Commerce Law)
6. Labor Law & Social Legislations 3 3
7. Legal Research 2 1 3
TOTAL Units 18 3 21

B. PROFESSIONAL SPECIALIZATION-CONCENTRATION ELECTIVE (PSCE)

COURSES

A school may offer other electives that may help a student pursue specialization. The
BSLM has three options as field of specialization or concentration : Track 1- General
Management ,Track 2- Law and Track 3- Student-Constructed.

CONCENTRATION/TRACK 1: SPECIALIZATION - ELECTIVES: GENERAL

MANAGEMENT (18 units)

Students who want to pursue a corporate management career or entrepreneurial

venture may opt for Track 1: General Management concentration. The courses in this
track provide the graduate with expanded business and management courses ideal for
general management positions and /or later on their career, continue further graduate
studies in business such as MBA/DBA.
Page 11 of 24
All these courses are offered as professional Electives in the BSBA Program and PHEIs
may employ an interdisciplinary approach in both Curriculum development and
implementation. This will also provide small-to medium-sized HEIs such as Professional
Institutes and Colleges run a cost-effective and viable BSLM Program

COURSES No. OF UNITS

Lec Lab Units
TRACK ELECTIVES (MANAGEMENT) 18
1. Management Accounting 3 3
2. Financial Management 3 3
3. E-Commerce and Internet Marketing 3 3
4. Global /International Finance (with Electronic 2 1 3
Banking)
5. Entrepreneurial Management 3 - 3
6. Marketing Management 3 - 3
7. Banking and Financial Institutions 3 - 3
8. Investment and Portfolio Management 2 1 3
9. Project Management 2 1 3
10. Computer-Based Management Information System 2 1 3
(MIS)/ERP
11. any Business or management related courses 3

CONCENTRATION-TRACK 2: SPECIALIZATION-ELECTIVES: LAW/ LEGAL

STUDIES (18 units)

This track is ideal for those who choose to go directly to law school which likewise
provides complete courses in business law and the legal and regulatory environment of
business , which are excellent foundation courses in law. This track may also be
preferred by those who want to gain a more comprehensive knowledge on
contemporary developments in the legal and regulatory environment of a business
enterprise in the private and public environments such as international laws, trade and
agreements, laws on public utilities and contemporary legislations, real estate laws and
human rights.

COURSES No. OF UNITS

Lec Lab Units
TRACK ELECTIVES: LAW 18
1 International Trade Laws and Practices 3 - 3
2. Law on Legal Processes 3 3
3. Real Estate Laws 3 3
4. Administrative Law 3 3
5. Banking Laws 3 2
6. Foreign Investment Laws 3 1
7. Laws on Public Utilities` 3 - 3
8. Alternative Dispute Resolutions 3 - 3
9. Contemporary Legislations on Business 3 - 3
Regulations
10. Human Rights (including Women’s Rights) 3 - 3
11.Criminal law with business/cybercrime 3 3
12. Environmental laws (international agreement, 3 3
treaties and Protocols)
13 any law related legal course 3 3
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CONCENTRATION TRACK 3: INTER-DISCIPLINARY STUDIES IN BUSINESS AND
MANAGEMENT. (STUDENT- CONSTRUCTED).

In this track, the student is given the option to construct a bundle of electives of his/her
interest under an interdisciplinary scheme, by choosing professional core and elective
courses offered in any of the Business & Management Education (BME) Programs i.e
BSBA and allied programs e.g. BS Public Administration, BS Customs Administration,
BS Accountancy and BS Hospitality and Tourism Management (subject to pre-
requisite requirements).

9.5 Integration Courses

These courses enable the senior student to apply and integrate classroom learning in
two ways: a) through field immersion in industry and ;b) through a capstone project
(strategy , management paper or thesis) . The graduating senior student will be able to
exhibit the immediate outcomes of the BS Legal Management Program through these
integration courses and activities consistent with the main purpose of CMO 42, Series
2012.

9.5.1 Integration/Capstone Project

Students enrolled in the program shall be required to undertake individual or

group research work ( Management paper /Thesis) and should successfully
defend this orally before an Independent Panel at the end of the term and as a
major requirement for graduation. It should satisfy the following:

Number of hours-Total Hours per week : 3 units

Mentoring/Advisory: 1 unit (1 hour/week)
Library/Field Work: 2 units (2 hours/week)
Prerequisite: Senior Standing

9.5.2 On-the-job-training or practicum requirements

Students in the program shall render a minimum of 300 hours. (preferably during
the summer term for continuity and integration). A faculty adviser -coordinator
will provide an orientation to the student-interns arrange internship placements
and opportunities, monitor students’ progress, assess their performance and
give the final mark. The OJT/Field or Internship Program may be integrated or
aligned with the Research/Capstone Project using applied /action research or
case study design method.

Total Number of Units : 3 units

o Mentoring/Advisory: 1 units (1 hour/week)
o Library/Field Work: 2 units ( 320 hours)
 Field Option 1: Industry-Corporate Management
 Field Option 2: Legal/Regulatory Agencies
Prerequisite: Senior Standing

Integrating Courses Lec Lab Units

Integrated Work Learning : OJT/Internship: (320 hours) 1 2 3
- Profit-Oriented (Business) Organization/
- Law Office/Judiciary/ Regulatory Agencies
Integration /Capstone Project:
1 2 3
Strategic /Management paper
Page 13 of 24
 or Thesis on “The Legal and Regulatory
Environment of a Business Enterprise or
Industry”.
TOTAL 1 5 6

9.6 Sample Program of Study

BS LEGAL MANAGEMENT (BSLM) CURRICULUM

EFFECTIVE AY 2018/2019

FIRST YEAR
1st Semester
Courses Type Lec Lab Units

GE1 Mathematics in the Modern World GE 3 3

GE2 Science, Technology and Society GE 3 3
GE3 Purposive Communication GE 3 3
BMEC1 Microeconomic Theory & Practice BMEC 3 3
BMEC2 Human Resource Management BMEC 3 3
PE 1 Physical Fitness PE (2) 2
NSTP I National Service Training Program I NSTP (3) 3
Provision for bridging course (non-ABM) BP
Credit (non-academic) 15 (5) 15 (5)
Sub-Total, units 20 20

2nd Semester
Courses Type Lec Lab Units
GE 4 Readings in Philippine History GE 3 3
GE 5 Understanding the Self GE 3 3
GE-Elect 1 Math, Science and Technology GEE 3 3
(Advanced Computer Applications (Web-
Technology) for Legal Management
BMEC 3 Law on Income Taxation BMEC 3 3
BMEC 4 Business Law (Obligation & Contracts) BMEC 3 3
PE 2 Philippine Folk & Contemporary Dances PE (2) 2
NSTP II NSTP (3) 3
Provision for bridging course (non-ABM) BP
Credit (non-credit) 15(5) 15(5)
Sub-Total units 20 20

SECOND YEAR
First Semester
Courses Type Lec Lab Units
GE- 6 Arts and Appreciation GE 3 3
GE 7 The Contemporary World GE 3 3

BMEC 5 Social Responsibility (w/Business Ethics) BMEC 3 3

CBME 1 Operations management (TQM) CBME 3 3
Prof Core 1 Legal Research PLMC 3 3
PE 3 Individual-Dual Sports PE (2) (2)
Provision for bridging course (non-ABM) BP
(18(2) (18(2)
Sub Total 20 20

Page 14 of 24
 Second Semester
Courses Type Lec Lab Units
(GE Elect2 ) Social Science & Philosophy GEE 3 3
(Human Behavior in Organizations/ International
Economics)
GE 8 Ethics GE 3 3
GE 9 Rizal’s Life and Works GE 3 3
(GE Elect 3) Arts and Humanities (Speech GEE 2 1 3
w/Argumentation and Debate)
Prof Core 1 Law on Business Organizations PLMC 3 3
(Partnership and Corporation)
PE 4 Team Sports (2) - (2)
Provision for bridging course (non-ABM)
14(2) 1 15(2)
Sub Total 16 1 17

THIRD YEAR

First Semester
Courses Type Lec Lab Units
Prof Core 2 -Retail Trade Laws & Consumer PLMC 2 1 3
Act with E-Commerce Law
Prof Core 2- Law on Business Transactions PLMC 3 3
(Sales, Negotiable Instruments an Credit
Transactions))
Prof Core 4 Law on Business and Transfer Tax PLMC 3 3
Prof Core 4 -Law on Business Protection PLMC 2 1 3
(Property and Intellectual Property Rights)
Prof Core 5 Labor Laws & Social Legislations PLMC 3 3
Sub Total 14 1 15

Second Semester
Courses Type Lec Lab Units
Spec-Elective 1 PLME 3 3
Spec-Elective 2 PLME 3 3
Spec-Elective 3 PLME 3 3
Spec-Elective 4 PLME 3 3
Spec-Elective 5 PLME 3 3
Sub Total 15 15

FOURTH YEAR

First Semester
Courses Type Lec Lab Units
Spec-Elect 6 PLME 3 3
CBMEC 2 Strategic Management CBME 3 3
Sub Total 6 6

Second Semester
Courses Type Lec Lab Units
Integrat.1 (OJT) (320 hours) IC 1 2 3
--- Corporate (Business/Industry) ( 160 hours
----Legal Internship (Regulatory Agencies) 160
Page 15 of 24
 hours
Integrat.2- Capstone Project ( Strategic IC 1 2 3
Management Paper/Thesis )
Sub Total 2 4 6
Grand Total, units (ABM Track) 134

Section 10.Sample Curriculum Map

Core Business and Program Outcomes Common to the Business and

Management Education Management discipline.
Courses

6.2.2

6.2.3

6.2.4

6.2.5

6.2.6

6.2.7

6.2.8

6.2.9
62.1
Operations Management
P P L P P P P P P
(TQM)
Strategic Management
L P P P P P P P P

Program Outcomes Specific to a sub-

Business Administration Core
discipline and a major
Courses
6.3.1 6.3.2 6.3.3 6.3.4
1.Basic Microeconomics (Eco
L L L L
Theory & Practice)
2. Business Law (Obligations and
L L P O
Contracts)
3. Taxation (Income Taxation) L P P P
4. Social Responsibility and
L P P P
Business Ethics
5. Human Resource Management L P P P

• Maps out courses vs. program outcomes

• Used to validate if there is a match between desired outcomes (competencies) and the
content of programs
• Indicates whether the courses:

BSLM Program Outcomes (PO)

The following Professional Legal Management Core (PLMC) Courses are mapped against the
BSLM POs:

a. Apply legal and management principles, theories and methods to various

types of organizations
b. Analyze, evaluate and solve problems critically using legal and management
tools and techniques
c. use interpersonal and communication skills effectively
d. seek employment and facilitate the integration process in the corporate
environment so they can be immediately productive once employed.
e. make decisions and act within ethical standards and corporate social
responsibility
f. formulate meaningful contributions as a strategic partner in building the
organization to become globally competitive

Page 16 of 24
Program Outcomes (PO) a b c d e f
Prof Legal Management Core
1. Labor Laws L L P O L O
2. Law on Business Organizations
(Partnership and Corporation) L L P O L O
3. Law on Taxation (business, and transfer
L L P O L O
Tax
4. Law on Business Transactions (Sales,
Agency, negotiable instruments and credit L L P O L O
transactions)
5. Business Protection Laws (Laws
on Property & Intellectual L L P O L O
Property Rights)
6.Retail Trade and Consumer Act
including e-Commerce Law L L P O L O
7. Legal Research L L P O L O

Program Outcomes (PO) a b c d e f

Specialized/ Professional Tracks
Track 1- Management Track
1. Management Accounting L L P O L O
2. Banking & Financial Institutions L L O O L O
3. Financial Management L L O O L O
4.Marketing Management L L P O O L
5.Entrepreneurial Management L L P O O O
5. Global/International Trade L L O O L O
6. E- Commerce and Internet Marketing L L O O L O
7. MIS/ERP L L O O O O
8. Investment and Portfolio Management L L O O L O
9. Global Finance with Electronic Banking L L O O O O

Program Outcomes (PO) a b c d e f

Specialization/Concentration
Track 2: Law
Laws on Legal Procedures L L P O L O
Alternative Dispute Resolutions L L P O L O
Real Estate Laws L L P O L O
Constitutional Basis for Business Regulations L L P O L O
Administrative Law L L P O L O
International Trade Laws & Practices L L P O L O
Contemporary Legislations L L P O L O
Laws on Public Utilities L L P O L O
Banking Laws L L P O L O
Foreign Investment Laws L L P O L O
Criminal law and Cybercrime L L P O L O
Environmental Laws L L P O L O
Page 17 of 24
Program Outcomes (PO) a b c d e f
Practicum/Work Integrated Learning L L L P P O
Thesis writing/integrative project/project
L L P O P P
paper (160 hours)

Section 11. Sample Means or Methodology of Curriculum Delivery

Pursuant to CMO 42, Series 2012 mandating for a shift towards an OBE Approach
and Typology-Based QMS , HEIs must adopt learner-centered teaching
methodologies, many of which are listed and defined below:

11.1 Lecture - Presentation segments with interactive experiences such as

asking stimulating questions and class or small group discussions.

11.2 Demonstration - Faculty members show how a skill should be performed or

students are observed as they perform a learning outcome.

11.3 Q and A/Discussion - Formal or informal interaction on topics usually

primed by leading and/or open-ended questions.
a. Class discussion: The faculty member serves as facilitator, prompting
and probing to ensure the discussion remains focused and objectives are
met.
b. Discussion Panel: Students or experts focus on one issue and varying
views or aspects are raised.

11.4 Management Games - Competitive activity based on course content.

Moderate competition enhances performance. Often used for content
reinforcement and skill practice. Can also be used to strengthen critical
thinking in games where strategies must be developed to solve problems.
11.5 Interactive Teaching - enable student learning and provide feedback to both
instructors and learners.

11.6 Collaborative Learning - Students work in small groups to complete a

specific task or to work together over time to complete various assignments.
The most productive collaborations involve a fair division of labor and
relevant and complex projects that cannot be completed by an individual
alone. Interdependence is required.

11.7 Literature Review - Students read and reflect on articles in the professional
journals in order to become familiar with the current research.

11.8 Student Presentations - Research shows peer teaching is an active

learning strategy that results in significant gains in learning. Students
practice professional roles and improve communication skills.

11.9 Case Study /Discussion Method - An open ended story or case study
provides a vehicle for analysis, criticism, and reaching conclusions.

11.10 Multimedia Instruction - Integrating varying formats such as lecture, text,

graphics, audio, video, Web resources, projection devices, and interactive
devices in a lesson. Increases motivation, alertness, and can improve the
quality of student responses. Simultaneous presentation using multiple
formats allows students to learn using multiple senses.

Page 18 of 24
11.11 Case Analysis/Problem Solving - Problems common to a discipline are
integrated in scenarios to allow students to strengthen creative and critical
thinking. Problem solving is the most independent of learning methods that
empowers the students to initiate their own learning.

The learner sequences action steps that will lead to the correct solutions.
The teacher therefore must assume the role of the facilitator, and be
prepared to provide students with feedback rather than solutions

The Recommended format for Business/Legal Management Case is an

ideal format to integrate reasoning in the management decision after
applying the business theories, legal principles and the ethical standards
and considerations:

Legal Case Analysis:

a. Name of Case
b. Citation
c. Parties and their roles
d. Facts
e. Issue/s
f. Judicial Decision
g. Reasoning

Business/Management Case Analysis:

 Title of Case
 Context and Perspective
 Situation/Background/SWOT Analysis
 Problem
 Alternative Courses of Action
 Decision
 Reasoning (Legal perspective, Business and Ethical
Considerations)

a. Brainstorming - Used most often with groups, brainstorming is a

technique for refining the definition of a problem, generating multiple
solutions to a problem or multiple designs for developing something
new, and to identify possible threats to the solutions and designs. It
promotes creative and critical thinking.
b. Change the Rules - Rarely do circumstances stay the same for long in
the real world. Integrating changes in a problem scenario during the
solution timeframe provides necessary experience with responding to
new information.

11.12 Simulation
a. Computer-based - Interactive: Computerized model or scenario.
b. Role Plays - Students assume one of the characters in a simulated
situation in order to experience different points of view or positions.

11.13 Role-Play

Each student takes the role of a person affected by an issue and studies
the impacts of the issues on human life and/or the effects of human
activities on the world around us from the perspective of that person. More
rarely, students take on the roles of some phenomena, such as part of an

Page 19 of 24
 ecosystem, to demonstrate the lesson in an interesting and immediate
manner.

The instructor needs to decide the context for the exercise and the role(s)
that the students will play. If the students are taking human roles, the
context is generally a specific problem such as global warming or dealing
with an active volcano.

11.14 Graphic Organizers - Clarify relationships with diagrams or graphs. Clarify

processes with flow charts. Implementation Suggestions:
a. useful as part of lectures
b. useful as a student assignment to verify their understanding of complex
learning.

11.15 Immersion Environments - Students are placed within a setting or

situation in which they exclude all else from their experiences. If they are
immersed in a language, they speak, hear, write, and read only that
language. If they are immersed in a work setting and assigned a role there,
they become that role and their communications and actions comply with
that role.

11.16 Portfolio - Collecting, organizing, reflecting upon and publishing a variety

of student work including papers, presentations, videos, and images.
 ePortfolio - Collecting materials (artifacts/evidence) in a digital file.

11.17 Podcasting
a. Audio: Using mp3 compression to make audio files small enough to be
broadcast, downloaded, or emailed by instructors and students. Files
may include lectures or verbal feedback regarding assignments.
b. Enhanced: Combining images, such as PowerPoint, and audio, such as
instructor voice over, which are compressed and viewable on a
computer or photo/video iPod.
c. Video: Digital video, such as classroom lectures or interviews with
experts, which are compressed and viewable on a computer or video
iPod.

11.18 Video-conferencing - Point to point or point to multipoint discussions

using a digital format.

11.19 Web-based Instruction - Using Web resources to support learning.

a. blogs
b. building a Website
c. discussion boards
d. online testing and quizzes
e. research
f. virtual tours
g. web-streaming
h. wikis

Section 12. Sample Syllabi for Selected Core Courses (Please see annex A)

Page 20 of 24
Section 13. Curriculum Standards

13.1 The curriculum for BS Legal Management program should be consistent

with the school’s vision-mission statement, goals and objectives (VMGO)
and core values -philosophy.
13.2 The curricular requirement for BS Legal Management should follow the
minimum number of units prescribed herein.
13.3 The school is free to enhance and to follow different patterns and
modalities of instructional methodology based on the needs of its
clientele.
13.4 As a general rule, subjects should be offered as a three (3) unit course
equivalent to a minimum of 18 contact hours per unit/ or 54 hours per 3-
unit subject per semester.
13.5 All schools should have a prepared course syllabi. These should be
made available to students at the beginning of each term. Teaching
methodologies, grading systems, textbooks and references should be
clearly stated in the syllabi.
13.6 All undergraduate courses should have prescribed textbooks, which
should be selected on the basis of acceptable criteria, preferably by an
independent textbook board or committee. The intelligent use of other
instructional aids and resources should be encouraged.
13.7 Access to computers and digital resource as well as the Internet should
be provided to faculty members and students.
13.8 The class size in every subject of an HEI shall be determined by the
institution itself, taking into account the total capacity of its facilities, the
level of instruction, the nature of the subject, and such other factors that
promote a conducive teaching-learning process. An industry class size
average of 40 students is a good benchmark.

ARTICLE VI
REQUIRED RESOURCES

Section 14. Administration

The minimum qualifications of the head of the unit that implements the degree
program are the following:

14.1 Dean/Department Chair/Coordinator of the Program

a. Qualifications
The Dean/ Director/Department Chair/Program Coordinator of the
program should possess the following minimum qualifications:

1. A Filipino citizen;
2. Holder of a Bachelor’s degree and a relevant Master’s degree or
a member of the Integrated Bar of the Philippines (IBP)
3. At least five (5) years academic-teaching experience at the
tertiary level or at least five (5) years experience in administrative
or supervisory capacity in an educational institution, law practice
or a business organization, or a government or non-government
institution.

b. The Dean/ Department Chair/Coordinator of the College must be a full

time school administrator (in addition to a full-time academic-teaching

Page 21 of 24
 faculty status appointment) as defined in the Manual of Regulations on
Private Education (MORPE).

c. Teaching Load

The teaching load of the dean/head of the program should not

exceed twelve (12) units per term/semester.

Section 15. Faculty

15.1 Qualifications of Faculty

Faculty members teaching core and professional courses should be holders

of Bachelor’s degree and a relevant Master’s degree or a member of the
Integrated Bar of the Philippines (IBP) as it applies to the course concerned.
Faculty handling Business and Management courses must have a MA/MBA
degree; while law courses must be handled by a lawyer /IBP member or its
equivalent if a graduate from a foreign institution.

15.2 Teaching Load

The teaching load of faculty members should be as follows:

a. Faculty members should be assigned to teach courses only in their field

of specialization.
b. The maximum total load of a full-time faculty member is twenty four (24)
units/term/semester for all schools.
c. Faculty members teaching in more than one school must give formal
notice of their teaching assignment in all schools concerned.
d. Government employees who serve as part-time instructors in a particular
school may be given a teaching load, subject to restrictions imposed by
specific government agencies.
e. Faculty members should not be assigned to teach more than four (4)
different preparations in any one term/semester.

15.3 Other Requirements

a. The school should have an effective system of recruiting and selecting

qualified faculty members.

b. Schools are encouraged to invite qualified business and law practitioners

to teach in the program.

c. A system of ranking and evaluating faculty members should be instituted

and implemented. A publication of a Faculty Manual for the purpose of
formalizing faculty policies and standards is required.

d. There should be opportunities for faculty development to enable faculty

members to keep up with developments and techniques in their field,
improve their teaching skills and course materials, continue their
professional growth, and contribute to research and other scholarly
pursuits.

Page 22 of 24
 e. Additional requirements for faculty prescribed by CMO 42, Series 2012
for a specific typology of an HEI (Professional Institute, College or
University) must be followed.

Section 16. Library

Library personnel, facilities and holdings should conform to existing CHED

requirements for libraries which are embodied in separate CHED Issuances. The
library must maintain a collection of updated and appropriate/suitable textbooks
and references used for the core courses in the curriculum. Library resources
should complement curriculum delivery to optimize the achievement of the
program outcomes for the BS Business Administration program.

Section 17. Laboratory and Physical Facilities

17.1 Colleges and universities offering BS Legal Management programs should

provide adequate physical facilities for their courses in accordance with the
requirements found in CMO No. 40, s,. 2008,”Manual of Regulations for
Private Higher Education (MORPHE)”; Batas Pambansa Blg. 232, “ The
Education Act of 1982; Republic Act (RA) 8981, “ PRC Modernization Act of
2000”, RA 6541, “The National Building Code of the Philippines”,
Presidential Decree 856, “ The Code of Sanitation of the Philippines” , the
laws governing various profession and CHED Issuances.

17.2 All institutions should maintain a campus conducive to the promotion of

quality education.

17.3 Accreditation to local and foreign certifying agencies are encouraged to

sustain or promote its typology as provided for under CMO 46 Series 2012.

17.4 Facilities for support services such as health, guidance and employment
/placement services may be shared with other units of the school.

ARTICLE VII
COMPLIANCE OF HEIs

Using the CHED Implementation Handbook for OBE and ISA as reference, a HEI shall
develop the following items which will be submitted to CHED when they apply for a permit for a
new program or the approval of the transformation of existing programs to outcomes-based
framework:

Section 18. The complete set of program outcomes, including its proposed additional
program outcomes.

Section 19. Its proposed curriculum, and its justification including a curriculum map.

Section 20. Proposed performance indicators for each outcome. Proposed measurement
system for the level of attainment of each indicator.

Section 21. Proposed outcomes-based syllabus for each course.

Section 22. Proposed system of program assessment and evaluation

Section 23. Proposed system of program Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI).

Page 23 of 24
 ARTICLE VIII
TRANSITORY, REPEALING and EFFECTIVITY PROVISIONS

Section 24. Transitory Provisions

All HEIs, including SUCs and LUCs, with existing authority in BS Legal
Management, AB Legal Management and BSC major in Legal Management and
other similar programs and degrees shall be given a three (3)-year grace period to
comply with these policies and standards. However, the prescribed minimum
curricular requirements in this CMO shall be implemented starting Academic Year
2018-2019.

Section 25. Repealing Clause

Any provision of this Order, which may thereafter be held invalid, shall not affect
the remaining provisions.

All CHED issuances or parts thereof inconsistent with the provision in this CMO
shall be deemed modified or repealed

Section 26. Effectivity Clause

This CMO shall take effect fifteen (15) days after its publication in the Official
Gazette or in a newspaper of general circulation. This CMO shall be implemented
beginning Academic Year 2018-2019.
.

Quezon City, Philippines __________________, 2017

For the Commission

PATRICIA B. LICUANAN, Ph.D.

Chairperson

Annexes:
Annex A- Sample Syllabus
Annex B – Competencies and KSAs

Page 24 of 24
 COMMISSION ON HIGHER EDUCATION

Bachelor of Science in Legal Management

EFFECTIVE SY 2018-2019
Degree Code: Program- BSLM

Course Methodology:

These course descriptions for core and specialized courses are designed specifically
for the BSLM program which aims to develop managers of the twenty-first century
who
have working knowledge of law, business and society from a perspective of
corporate
leadership and good governance with due regard to the rights and welfare of all
stakeholders of an organization (profit, non-profit or NGO).

These law subjects can provide graduates with a competitive advantage in the
increasingly complex business environment, in particular the impact of local and
foreign laws and regulations on the firm. Selected applicable and recent
jurisprudence are assigned and discussed as a group so that students can discuss
the facts and context of the case ,the rationale of the law and the decision of the
court and the impact of the decision on the firm.
This is tested inside the classroom through a combination of the “socratic-/individual
recitation method” and Case Analysis Approach (Harvard Method) ; taking into
consideration the legal, ethical and managerial perspectives, from the context of the
decision-maker (manager).
Course Description
1. Business Law (Obligations and Contracts)

The purpose of this course is to study the nature, kinds and effect of
obligations, and their extinguishment; contracts in general, their requisites,
form and interpretation; and defective contracts, including quasi-contracts,
natural obligations, estoppel, and prescription. Specific subjects and topics on
Part I: Obligations include its elements, natural obligations, sources of
obligation, classification, natural effects, Usurious transactions, kinds of
obligations and extinguishment of obligations. For Part II: contracts, topics
include Concept and definition, classification, characteristics, requisites, forms
and interpretation of contracts and reformation of instruments . Specific
examples of obligations and contracts are to be presented, examined and
discussed in the class.
Pre-requisite: None

2. Taxation (Law on Income Taxation)

The course is an introduction to taxation and income tax course and is
principally a study of the basic principles of Taxation, Income Taxation, Estate
and Donor’s taxes and the different business and transfer taxes imposed
under the National Internal Revenue Code (NIRC). The first part is aimed at
situating Taxation as a law in the context of the Philippines legal system and
introduces the student concept of Taxation and its significance as a State
Power.
 It also seeks to thoroughly acquaint the student with the general principles of
Taxation. The second part is, specifically primarily devoted to the study of the
concept of Income and Income Taxation, business taxes specifically, Value-
Added Tax (VAT), as well as other business taxes namely: excise taxes, other
percentage taxes, documentary stamp taxes, and community tax certificate. It
emphasizes the social and moral responsibility of the people to pay the taxes
in support of the government and to enhance human development and social
transformation.
Pre-requisite: Obligations and Contracts ; Partnership & Corporation

3. Law on Business Organizations (Partnership and Corporation)

This course is an introductory study on the laws of partnership and private

corporation. It will focus on the legal requirements for the formation of these
business organizations as juridical entities, their powers, management and
dissolution. The rights and liabilities of the members composing the business
organization, whether as partners, stockholders , officers or directors, are also
studied. Important doctrines in corporate law are also tackled in the course.
Pre-requisite: Obligation and Contracts

4. Law on Business and Transfer Taxation

The course covers transfer and business taxes. It deals with the imposition of
the tax on the gratuitous transfer of property and on the privilege to engage in
trade or business. It emphasizes the social and moral responsibility of the
people to pay the taxes in support of the government in order that the same
government will be able to render the appropriate services in their favor. The
emphasis is on the application of the theory and principles in solving tax
problems. It tests the students’ conceptual knowledge and proficiency in the
practical application of the law as they relate to accounting practice, and use
the same knowledge to enhance human development and social
transformation.
Pre-requisite: Obligation and Contracts
5. Law on Business Transactions (Sales, Agency, Negotiable Instruments
and Credit Transactions)

This course is an introduction to the principles and application of negotiable

promissory notes, bills of exchange and checks. Collectively referred to as
negotiable instruments, these documents have become indispensable in the
financial systems of modern nations. The course aims to familiarize the
students with the basic principles of negotiable instruments law and the
application of these principles in the world of law and finance.

Pre-requisite: None

6. Business Protection Laws (Property and Intellectual Property Rights-

IPR)
 This course is designed specifically for BSLM students and will introduce the
students to the concept of intellectual property and the meaning of copyright,
trademark, trade name, patent and invention. The course focus on the
strategic importance of IPR/IP as it has risen to a position of prominence on
the strategic agenda of today’s managers. IP is any product or result of a
mental process that is given legal protection against unauthorized use. It has
been transformed from a dormant area of law and business to one of the
driving engines of high technology economy. For these reasons, discussion
will be made on the registration and protection of intellectual property on the
following areas or types of IP: patents, copyrights, trademarks and trade
secrets.

Pre-requisite: Obligation and Contracts ; Partnership and Corporation

7. Labor Law and Social Legislations

This is an introductory course on labor law and procedures where emphasis is

placed on legal principles and concepts. The course is divided into three
major parts known as modules. The first part deals with labor standards law.
The second part deals with the law on labor relations. The third part deals with
the procedures and administrative machineries involved in enforcing these
laws.

Pre-requisite: Obligation and Contracts ; Partnership & Corporation

8. Legal Research
The course is an introduction to legal research methodology which is
designed to provide an overview of the Philippine Legal System as sources of
research framework, issues and authorities as well as of the fundamental
concepts, principles and theories of legal research, as appropriately guided by
the Manual of Legal Citation, the Manual of Judicial Citations, and the
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. It also
includes a discussion of principles and legal aspects of academic honesty in
research. This course will also introduce the student into the legal writing
techniques; as it involves applied legal bibliography, case digesting and
reporting analysis, legal reasoning and preparation of legal opinions or
memoranda.
Pre-requisite: none

9. International Trade Laws and Practices

This is an introductory course on the interplay of international trade policy and
law. It will cover discussions on the development of the GATT and WTO and
basic principles governing the GATT/WTO system. It will also tackle the
arguments for and against free trade and the different mechanisms that affect
free trade like bilateral and regional trade agreements, dispute settlement and
tariff and non-tariff barriers. It will also cover the GATS, TRIPS and trade
facilitation, specifically the Kyoto Convention, and its implication on the
 Philippine legal framework. Finally, the course will discuss the Philippine trade
negotiation process and structure.
Pre-requisite: Obligation and Contracts

10. Human Rights (Including Women’s Rights)

This is an elective-specialized course which is focused on the aspects of
protecting, defending and seeking redress for violations of human rights in the
Philippines. It is aimed to help students prepare concept papers on Human
rights with the sound legislative and/or administrative recommendations that
can be sent to policy-making bodies in government such as the Office of the
President, through the National Commission on the Role of Filipino Women,
or the Senate and the House of Representatives, through their respective
Committee on Women.
Pre-requisite: Obligation and Contract; Criminal Law

11. Environmental Laws, Agreements and Protocols

This course is a study of the constitutional provisions and special laws

governing natural resources their use and disposition. The study includes
existing laws protecting the environment and the ecosystem and prevailing
rules against despoliation of the environment. The course includes a study of
various international agreements and Protocols on the environment such as
the Paris Accord and Kyoto Protocol.

Pre-requisite: Obligation and Contract; Criminal Law

12. Retail Trade Laws and Consumer Act (with e-Commerce Law)

This course is a study of R.A. 8767 or the “Retail Liberalization Act of 2000. It
deals with the study on the specific details of the law prioritizing the consumer
welfare and attracting potential investors in the retail industry in the
Philippines. The emphasis of this course is on how this law impacts local
retailers particularly the consumer rights. The course also discusses specific
provisions on e-commerce and its implications on retailers and consumers.

Pre-requisite: Obligation and Contracts.

13. Criminal Law, Business & Cyber Crimes and Torts in the Business
Environment

This course consists of three parts: First is a brief examination into the
characteristics of criminal law, the nature of felonies, stages of execution,
circumstances affecting criminal liability, persons criminally liable; the extent and
extinction of criminal liability as well as the understanding of penalties in criminal
law, their nature and theories, classes.
The second part deals with Cyber Crimes (also know as white-collar crimes)
including e-commerce, particularly on the nature of crimes committed on “on-line
transactions” (internet/web) ;while the Third part is a study and appraisal of
 specific felonies penalized in Book II of Revised Penal Code, as amended, their
nature, elements and corresponding penalties, including Cyber Crimes and a
study on Torts ; which is an analysis of the law on quasi-delicts as well as the
nature, classes and extent of damages.
Pre-requisite: Obligation and Contracts.

14. Law on Legal Processes

This course is a general survey and integration of the principles of court jurisdiction,
civil and criminal procedure, special civil actions, special proceedings, provisional
remedies, and evidence. A detailed study of the procedural rules governing the trial
and disposition of criminal cases in court including jurisdiction of courts in criminal
cases may be opted to train para-legal practitioners supporting professionals in the
legal profession. This includes a study of the law jurisdiction of courts in civil actions
and Rules 1 to 71 of the 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure. These rules cover ordinary
Civil Actions. Provisional Remedies and Special Civil Actions. The study of the rules
is supplemented by a study of selected applicable jurisprudence, suited to a one-
semester 3-unit course.

Pre-requisite: Obligation and Contracts; criminal law

15. Real Estate Laws

This course examines the fundamentals of real estate finance and

development from a legal perspective. The course serves as a core course for
BS Legal Management Students and provides an introduction to real estate
for other students (as an elective for BSBA majors in a cross-disciplinary
approach). It attempts to develop skills in using legal concepts in a real estate
transactional setting. The main topics covered may include the following: land
acquisition, finance; choice of entity; tax aspects; management (leasing,
environmental); disposition of real property (sale of mortgaged property,
foreclosures, wraparound mortgages, sale-leasebacks); and recent legal
developments in the Philippines in both legislative and judiciary branches.
Thus, case analysis of applicable cases and latest jurisprudence are to be
discussed from both managerial and legal perspectives.

16. Administrative Law

The course is a study on the development of the law and the various
principles used by administrative agencies in the performance of their
functions. It focuses principally on the powers exercised by an administrative
agency, namely: investigatory, rule-making and adjudicatory, as provided in
the Revised Administrative Code of the Philippines, and the availability of
judicial relief. The course subjects and topics include how Administrative
agencies act, Administrative agencies under the 1987 Philippine Constitution,
Principles of Administrative Law, Judicial Review of Agency Actions, Decision-
making powers of Agencies, Agency’s rules and procedures, Obtaining
Documents from an Agency.

Pre-requisite: Philippine Constitution and Government

17. Banking Laws

This course provides an overview and an introductory knowledge of the law

applicable to the banking and financial system of the Philippines in the context
of the global financial system. It will examine the current law and practice in
the field of banking law such as the Gen. Banking Law of 2000 (R.A 879), The
New Central Bank Act (R.A 7653), PDIC Act, Truth in Lending Act (R.A 3765).
Specifically emphasized will be the history and development of the Philippine
Banking System and the Central Bank of the Philippines. The subjects
covered include: (i) the role of banking regulators, such as the Bangko
Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP), (ii) panics, retail and wholesale “runs” on banks
and the role of the Philippine Deposit Insurance Corporation (PDIC); (iii) the
regulation of bank holding companies; (iv) the regulation of non-Philippine
banks operating in the Philippines; (v) the regulatory impact of the AMLAC
(Anti-Money Laundering Act) and the Bank Secrecy Law; and the ASEAN
Economic Community (AEC) 2015 Integration ; and (vi) retail (i.e. consumer)
banking.

18. Foreign Investment Laws

This course is an introduction to the major themes and issues of foreign

(international) investment law. The focus of study is the rules contained in the
network of bilateral and multilateral treaties on investment protection, as well
as the growing number of decisions by arbitral tribunals in this field. Over the
past twenty years, global flows of foreign direct investment (FDI) have
increased at an astounding annual growth rate . Multinational corporations
(MNCs) and their overseas investment activities are an immensely important
and often contentious aspect of globalization This course will discuss the
developing global legal framework for regulating relations between foreign
investors and the countries hosting their investments. It will focus on the
international law relevant to the resolution of investment disputes. Students
will analyze the substantive principles of investment law, such as most-
favored nation treatment, fair and equitable treatment, and the rules relating to
expropriation. They will also study mechanisms for dispute settlement in the
context of investment disputes, particularly investor-state arbitration.
Throughout the course, students will consider the extent to which international
investment law draws an appropriate balance between investment protection
on the one hand and the ability of states to regulate on key public policy
issues on the other hand. Students will also look at the challenges of
developing a coherent regime of investment rules.

19. Laws on Public Utilities

The course is a study on public utilities which includes the general principles
and basic regulations governing common carriers by land, sea, and air.
Specifically, it examines the laws relevant to transportation of goods and
passengers by land, sea, and air, for compensation, as well as the relevant
cases that establish the obligations and liabilities of the common carriers to
 owners of goods and passengers.

Pre-requisite: Obligation and Contracts; criminal law

20. Alternative Dispute Resolutions

This course is a study of Republic Act No. 9285, the Alternative Dispute
Resolution Act of 2004 including its implementing Rules and Regulations; rules in
Mediation Conciliation and Arbitration. Subjects and topics covered include
Historical perspective and Varieties of ADR, Negotiation, Mediation, Arbitration,
Hybrids and Legal Treatment of ADR.

Pre-requisite: Obligation and Contracts; Labor laws; criminal law

21. Contemporary Legislations

The course a study of contemporary legislations affecting business enterprises. It
includes special laws such as the Dangerous Drugs Act, the Anti-Graft and
Corrupt Practices Act, the Generic Drugs Law, the law on wire-tapping and
related violations of privacy of communication, Freedom of Information (FOI),and
the Gambling Law. Pending contemporary legislations and bills may also be
included in the course.

22. Integrated Work Learning/Internship: (320 hours)

This is an apprenticeship course /program for BS Legal Management senior

students. Students are exposed to the real world of practice through a Field
immersion process in the three main areas of business management,
government and regulatory agencies and legal practice: private law office ,
business establishment (or NGO) ; judiciary and government ( or regulatory
agency). All the three components must be completed regardless of the
Specialization : General Management ,Law or student-constructed track.

Profit-Oriented (Business) Organization or NGO -160 hours

Law Office/Judiciary/Government and Regulatory Agencies – 160
hours