Examination Card 25

I. Read the text and answer the questions following it.

During the 16th and 17th centuries, coffee was introduced into one European country after another.
Coffee gained popularity as a beverage in the London coffee houses, which became centers of
political, social, literary, and eventually business influence. The first coffeehouse in London was
established about 1652. Until the close of the 17 th century, the world’s limited supply of coffee was
obtained almost entirely from the province of Yemen in southern Arabia. But, with the increasing
popularity of the beverage, the propagation of the plant spread rapidly to Java and other islands of
the Indonesian archipelago in the 17th century and to the USA in the 18th century. Coffee cultivation
was started in the Hawaiian Islands in 1825. But the 20 th century the greatest concentration of
production was centered in the Western Hemisphere - particularly Brazil.
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, industrial roasting and grinding machines came into use,
vacuum-sealed containers were invented for ground roasts, and decaffeination methods for green
coffee beans were developed. After 1950 the production of instant coffee was perfected. The
popularity of instant coffee led to increased production of the cheaper Robusta beans in Africa.

1. When was coffee introduced into European?

During the 16th and 17th centuries, coffee was introduced into one European country after another.

2. The word rapidly may best be replaced by fast, quickly

3. What is stated in paragraph 2?

Seconnd paragraph states that in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, industrial roasting and grinding
machines came into use, vacuum-sealed containers were invented for ground roasts, and decaffeination
methods for green coffee beans were developed.

4. When was the coffee production centered in the Western Hemisphere?

In the 20th century the greatest concentration of coffee production was centered in the Western
Hemisphere - particularly Brazil.

II. Write the verbs in the right tense form.

In 1951 96 per cent of people in work in Britain (1) had (to have) full-time jobs and the
majority of these (70 per cent) (2) were held by men (to be held). By 1988 25 per cent of jobs
were part time and 45 per cent of workers (3) were women: (to be) so one basic trend in employment
in the 1980s was a general rise in the number of part-time jobs for women, particularly in service industries. The
number of people who (4) were self-employed also rose considerably, increasing by over half a
million between 1983 and 1987 (to be). This (5) was due to changing work, patterns and to

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the high levels of unemployment of the 1980s (to be).

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 III. Translate the sentences from Armenian into English.

1. Մենք որոշել ենք ամառային արձակուրդներին գնալ ծովափ:

We decided to go to the beach during the summer holidays.

2. Լոնդոնը Անգլիայի մայրաքաղաքն է:

London is the capital of England

3. Այսօր երեխային կխնամի Մերին: Նա արդեն վերադարձել է:

Mary will take care of the baby today. She has already returned.

4. Բացի անգլերենից, նրանք կսովորեն ֆրանսերեն և իսպաներեն:

In addition to English, they will learn French and Spanish.
they will learn French and Spanish besides English

5. Մեծ Բրիտանիայում կան շատ հայտնի համալսարաններ:

There are many famous universities in the UK.

IV. Speak on the following topic.

Travelling

Almost all people are fond of travelling. It is very interesting to see new places, another towns and countries. People may travel eit
her for pleasure or on business. There are various means of travelling. For me there is nothing like travel by air; it is more comforta
ble, more convenient and, of course, far quicker than any other means. There is none of the dust and dirt of a railway or car journe
y, none of the trouble of changing from train to steamer and then to another train.
With a train you have speed, comfort and pleasure combined. From the comfortable seat of a railway carriage you have a splendid 
view of the whole countryside. If you are hungry, you can have a meal in the dining-car; and if a journey is a long one you can hav
e a wonderful bed in a sleeper.
Travelling by ship is also very popular now. It is very pleasant to feel the deck of the ship under the feet, to see the rise and fall of t
he waves, to feel the fresh sea wind blowing in the face and hear the cry of the seagulls.
Many people like to travel by car. It is interesting too, because you can see many sights in a short time, you can stop when and wh
ere you like, you do not have to buy tickets or carry your suitcases.
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A very popular means of travelling is hiking. It is travelling on foot. Walking tours are very interesting. Hitch-hiking is a very popular 
method of travelling among young people. But it is not as popular in our country as abroad.