PSG INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES RESEARCH

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY
MBBS 2021 Batch-Internal Assessment-2

Multiple Choice Questions: 10X1=10

Instructions: Write the correct response in the coding sheet in capital letters

1. Conduction velocity in purkinje fibers is

a)
b) 0.05 m/s
c) 1 m/s
d) 2 m/s
e) 4 m/s

2. All the waves of ECG are negative in

a)
b) aVL
c) aVF
d) aVR
e) V6

3. Wenckebach phenomenon is a feature of

a)
b) First degree heart block
c) Second degree heart block
d) Third degree heart block
e) Both a and c
4.
5. Cardiac output changes without changes in ventricular muscle length is
a)
b) Homometric autoregulation
c) Frank Starling law
d) Heterometric autoregulation
e) Fick principle
6. An example for windkessel vessel is
a)
b) Aorta
c) Arteriole
d) Metarteriole
e) Capillary
7.
8. The initial length of cardiac muscle fiber is determined by
a)
 b) End – systole volume
c) End – diastolic volume
d) Cardiac index
e) AV node conduction
9. Factor that determines the venous return is
a)
b) Atrial pump activity
c) Ventricular compliance
d) Skeletal muscle pump
e) Myocardial contractility
10.
11. Intrinsic mechanism that regulate cardiac output is
a)
b) Afterload
c) Neural
d) Humoral
e) Frank Starling law
12.
13. Average pressure recorded during the cardiac cycle is
a)
b) Arterial pressure
c) Venous pressure
d) Pulse pressure
e) Mean arterial pressure
14. Goldbatt hypertension is due to
a) Chronic use of oral contraceptives
b) Constriction of renal artery in animals
c) Coarctation of aorta
d) Excess salt consumption
 PSG INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES AND RESEARCH
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY
MBBS 2021 BATCH –INTERNAL ASSESSMENT-2
I. Essay : ( 1×15 = 15 )

1. Define cardiac cycle. Describe the electrical and mechanical changes that
occur in the heart during cardiac cycle with the diagram.
 Definition – 1 mark
 Pressure changes -5 mark
 Aortic, left ventricular, left atrial, ventricular volume and aortic blood flow -3
mark
 ECG-1 mark
 Heart sounds -1 mark
 JVP-1 mark
 Diagram- 3 marks

II. Short notes: (5 × 5 = 25 )

1. Methods of measuring cardiac output.
 Direct methods – 1 mark
 Indirect methods -4 mark

2. Baroreceptor reflex in regulation of blood pressure.

 Receptor & afferent pathways, centre and efferent pathways -1mark
 Responses -2 mark
 When BP increase
 When BP decrease
 Physiological significance -1 mark
 Diagram -1 mark
3. Coronary circulation.
 Physiological anatomy & normal value -½ mark
 Special features -2 mark
 Measurement-1 mark
 Regulation – 1 mark
 Applied aspects -½ mark

4. Compensatory mechanism in nonprogressive hemorrhagic shock.

 Baroreceptor – 1 mark
 CNS ischemic response – 1 mark
 Reverse stress relaxation -½ mark
 Increased renin, ADH, adrenal medullary hormones secretion -2 marks
 Others -½ mark

5. Pacemaker potential.
 Diagram (1)
 Ionic basis (3)
 Effect of sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation (1)