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    Inverse Trigonometry

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    Inverse Trigonometry

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    Inverse Trigonometry

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    ikea

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    Inverse Trigonometric Functions: Trigonometric functions are many-one functions but we know that inverse of function exists if the function is bijective. If we restrict the domain of trigonometric functions, then these functions become bijective and the inverse of trigonometric functions are defined within the restricted domain. The inverse of f is denoted by ‘f". Let y = f(x) = sin x, then its inverse is x = sin’! y. Domain and Range of Inverse Trigonometric Functions Function Domain sin” x | 0 cos" x 0 tan”! x R cot x R cosec™' x R=(-11) sec! x R-(-11) Range (Principal value branch) [3] [0, x) nr ( #3) (0) [-2.2]-10 2'2 on sin (sin8) = 6; V8 E (+, z] cos !(cos@) = 8; V 6 € (0, n] tan|(tan8) = 8; V 6 (=, 4 cosec |(cosec8) = 0; V8 € (+, z] ,8#0 sec |(sec@) = 8; V 6 € (0, nl], 6# 3 cot '(cot@) = 6; V 8 € (0, n) sin(sin’ x) = x, Vx €[-1, 1] cos(cos"! x) = x; V x €[-1, 1] tan(tan'x) =x, VxER cosec(cosec’!x) = x, W x € (-00, -1] U [1, oo) sec(sec"! x) = x, V x € (-00, -1] U [1, 00) cot(cot!x)=x,VxER Note: sin|(sin@) = 6; sin"! x should not be confused with (sinx)’ = —L or sin x = sin1(+) sine x land similarly for other trigonometric functions. The value of an inverse trigonometric function, which lies in the range of principal value branch, is called the principal value of the inverse trigonometric function. Note: Whenever no branch of an inverse trigonometric function is mentioned, it means we have to consider the principal value branch of that function. Properties of Inverse Trigonometric Functions (a) (i) (iii) (b) (i) (iii) () (iii) (a) (i) (iii) fe) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (g) (i) (ii) (iii) tiv) sin“ (2) cose" x;x21orx<=1 (ii) cos“! (2)=sec*; x2lorxs-1 x x tan"! ()-{ cot x;x>0 x) |-x+cot™x;x<0 sin~ (-x) = -sin™ x;x €[-1,]] (ii) tan“! (-x) = -tan“ x;xeR cosec™ (-x) = -cosec™ x;]x]21 cos" (-x)=-cos™' x;xe[-11] (ii) sec“ (-x) = x -sec™ x;]x]21 cot“! (-x) =n -cot™ x;xeR sin“ x +cos™ xe hxettt (ii) tan x toot x=FixeR cosec™ x + sec”! x= Filxlet tan“ x + tan“! y = tan” (2): xy<1 tan“! x - tan“! y = tan~ ‘( YY xy>—1 1+ xy 2 z}txtss (ii) 2tan xno (i Jxz0 2tan! x = sin“ {2% 1+x 1+x? 2x 1-x 2sin~ x =sin“(2xvi—x?);—> Bert V2 2cos"' x = sin“"(2xvi- x? | lesen 2cos"! x = cos (2x? - 9,05 x <1 v2 sin"'x+sin“y =sin“ (xy1-y? +yvi-x?) sin“ x-sin~ y =sin“(xy1-y? -yv1-x?) cos“ x +cos"! y = cos“(xy - yi x? yi-y?) cos! x - cos“! y = cos“xy + vi- x? yay?) aan! x= tant (24 ype (h) (i) (i) (ii) (iii) (i) (ii) (iii) 3sin"' x =sin™!(3x ~4x9); 5 x <5 3cos”! x = cos ‘(4x —3x) is

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