Transport MRV & Fuel Economy –

The Good, The Bad & The Difficult

Sudhir Gota
Independent Consultant

Shifting to Efficient and Zero Emissions Vehicles in the

Global South
13–15 June 2022,
UNEP Headquarters, Nairobi, Kenya

1
Transport MRV & Fuel Economy – The Bad and The Difficult
 Transport MRV – Tackling “Merchants of Doubt”

Myths

• Transport MRV is difficult

• Transport data is not available
• Transport data is not reliable
• Transport MRV is very expensive
• Transport MRV takes a long time
• Transport MRV needs complex models
• Local experts are not good enough to
carry out transport MRV
SDG’S & Transport Energy Efficiency

Affordable & Clean Energy Climate Change

 SDG 7.2 By 2030,  Indicator 7.2.1:  SDG 13.1 Strengthen
increase Renewable energy resilience and adaptive
substantially the share in the total capacity to climate-
share of renewable final energy related hazards and
energy in the global consumption natural disasters in all
energy mix countries
 Indicator 7.3.1:
 SDG 7.3 double the Energy intensity  SDG 1.5 By 2030, build
global rate of measured in terms the resilience of the
improvement in of primary energy poor and those in
energy efficiency by and GDP vulnerable situations
2030 and reduce their
exposure and
vulnerability to climate-
related extreme events
and other economic,
social and
environmental shocks
and disasters
 SDG 13.2 Integrate
climate change
Use of “Aggregated Indicators” measures into national
policies, strategies and
planning
 Indicator 11.5.2: Direct
economic loss in
relation to global GDP,
damage to critical
infrastructure and
number of disruptions
to basic services,
attributed to disasters
 Indicator 13.2.2: Total
greenhouse gas
emissions per year
 Indicator 13.2.1:
Number of countries
with nationally
determined
contributions, long-
term strategies,
national adaptation
plans and adaptation
communications
 Transport Energy Efficiency Reporting in VNR’s
40%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
2017 VNR 2018 VNR 2019 VNR 2020 VNR Analysis
Fuel Economy Standards Eco-driving Fuel Quality/ Vehicle Regulations Alternative Fuels/ Renewables E-mobility

However, since 2016, transport energy efficiency data has NOT been reported by countries
 Transport Energy Intensity
0.35

0.3
WHY IS 2019 TRANSPORT ENERGY NEED DISAGGREGATED INDICATORS
INTENSITY > 2005/2010 LEVELS?
Transport boe/thousand USD

0.25

0.2

0.15

0.1

0.05

0
World Europe North America Central and Africa Middle East Eurasia China India Other Asia
South America Pacific
2000 2005 2010 2015 2019
Fuel Economy in New Climate Strategies
NDC-I (169 NDCs) NDC-II/Revisions NDC's (127)

60% 56%
50%
50% 47%

40%

30%

20% 17% 16%

9%
10%

0%
Transport sector GHG Mitigation Strategy - Electric Mobility
emission target Clean Fuels and Vehicle
identified

However, only 40% of Countries have long-term transport CO2 emission projections (2050)
Source: Analysis of Tracker of Climate Strategies for Transport, GIZ & SLOCAT
 Sustainable Mobility for All (SUM4ALL)
Green Mobility
• PM2.5 air pollution, mean
annual exposure
• Transport-related GHG
emissions per capita
• CO2 emission from
transport (of which road)
per capita
• CO2 emission from
transport per capita
• Energy Transition Index
• Fossil fuel energy
consumption
• PM2.5 air pollution,
population exposed to
levels exceeding WHO
guideline value
• Renewable energy
consumption
The Global Tracking Framework for Transport (GTF) consists of more • Total transport-related
than 100 desirable and actual transport-related indicators to measure the GHG emissions
performance of countries’ transport systems, covering all modes of
transportation (road, air, *maritime, and rail).
~ Energy consumption of transport to GDP (PPP)
Efficiency
Logistics performance index:
Overall Container port traffic
Digital Adoption index
Efficiency of air transport
services
Efficiency of seaport services
Efficiency of train services
Energy consumption of
transport relative to GDP
(PPP)
Good governance index
Logistics performance index -
customs Public Private
Partnership investment in
transport
Transport MRV & Fuel Economy – The Good (1 example)
MRV using ASIF Framework
Fuel Sale Statistics &
Carbon content of Fuel

Fuel Use and

Emissions from = A * Si * Ii * Fi,j
Transport
Total Transport
Activity Emissions per unit of
energy
Veh-km and or volume or km
pass-km by mode
from fuel J in mode I

Occupancy/ Modal Energy

Load Factor Intensity
Technological energy
efficiency

Vehicle fuel Real drive cycles and

Vehicle characteristics intensity routing, driver behavior

Source – Lee Schipper

MRV using GFEI Toolkit
MRV Principles & GFEI Toolkit
• Required data are accessible by all stakeholders involved • Data collected from various sources is consistent and
(a portal being designed to share the data) comparable in order to compare different sources,
• Country Factsheets jurisdictions and over time
Consistency
Accessible • Country Reports

• Local data available on disaggregated level (Vehicle make,

• Time-series data for diverse types of LDV’s to facilitate Vehicle model, Model production year, Engine displacement,
various types of analysis along multiple dimensions Engine power, Fuel type)
• ~ 30 million vehicle data from 60+ countries were • Consistent assumptions
Accuracy
Comprehensive cumulatively collected over 2005-2019 • Two-stage QC

• Local data by local institutions via partnerships

• Data matches the requirements of “ASIF”
Cost • No Commercial data but reliable assumptions & conversions
• Insights on energy consumption & GHG emissions
Relevance Effectiveness

• Assumptions are explicitly explained and substantiated via

toolkit. The methods used to collect statistics are • Outputs are easily understood by the policymakers
accessible for review (country reports) Easy to
Transparency • Capacity Building workshops Communicate
Fuel Economy MRV Pyramid

Danger Signal
to the
Transport
Ministry?
Economic Impact,
Emissions Design and
Implementation
of Policy Actions
(emissions or fuel
consumption/km*kilometers) for each
vehicle type, fuel

Detailed Data: make, model, production year, engine displacement,

engine power, fuel type

Based on Henrik Gudmunsson

Example – Whatif countries achieve LDV GFEI 2030 target

Thank you

sudhirgota@gmail.com

Twitter : sudhirgota

Skype - sudhirgota