COVER ART BY SETH LILE • FOUNDED BY TERESA JOHNSON

PSYCH2GO
ISSUE 18 SEPTEMBER 2020

BINGE
EATING
DISORDER
AWARENESS

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF: IMOGEN BOWLER

A NOTE FROM THE ARTIST
I wanted to portray the theme of this issue in a way that accessible
to a broad audience all while doing justice to the theme, binge eating
disorder. There are many stereotypes and misconceptions with this
disorder so I had to be careful stick to reasonable imagery, but including
food was a must for me. I chose to use the food I did because of my
roots in the United States as most of the time binge eating and/or
overeating are associated with fast food or junk food, yet I am aware that
this isn’t a strict rule. The funnel came from some brainstorming and
working with the managing editor, Imogen. I wanted to portray the idea
of eating to fill a void inside of a person and Imogen and I both agreed
that the funnel would best represent the chaos of mental health.

Seth Lile
Instagram @imperfect_darkness

4 5
WAIT, WHAT EXACTLY IS "PSYCH2GO"?
Psych2Go started as a blog to feature short
psychology facts in the format of memes
(text-posts that are rapidly spread around the
internet). Our mission was to brand ourselves
as a forum/platform for people to get quick
psychology information to further discuss and
debate about the posts. We wanted to create
an open forum of discussions to help foster
critical thinking about research methods and
limitations.
To accomplish that, the Psych2Go team is
transparent about the fact that we don't always
post legitimate psychology information, but
only do so in order to get people to really
question ALL our posts and think on an
analytical level. Sometimes what you think is
true is actually not true and sometimes what is
not true is yet to be supported by research.
We have found that understanding research
methods and having an open and encouraging
forum for all of this is essential. Several
Facebook groups have also been created,
already aiming at this - including groups that
allow people to express their creativity like
our “Poetry” and “Doodle” group, and our
“Research and Writing Discussion” group
which creates discussion among expression of
ideas, and academic assistance.
As time went on, it made sense that Psych2Go
should start providing supplementary
materials such as sources, references, as well
as some explanation to our viral meme posts
that are featured on our Tumblr (as you’ll see
an example from the “Psych to Go” article in
this magazine issue) which generates large
discussion from audience members. From
these realizations to include more material
content, psych2go.net, the sister site was born.
When we started, Psych2Go had a team of
10 writers and published over 200 articles
PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
within less than 2 months and received over
one million page views. And the articles
followed a specific format:
1. Intro
2. Bring up research.
3. Identify the research methods and the
limitations
4. question for our readers
This format is aligned with our mission
statement to analyze research, create
discussions, and provide the resources needed
to facilitate those discussions.
Then, as time went on, we thought about
implementing a mentorship program to help
further facilitate this learning process for our
younger audiences (since a majority of our
readers were not yet psychology students).
And that’s where psych2go.net is today! We
have editors, mentors, and intern writers, who
our Human Resource team has a very close
relationship with and helps them every step of
the way.
Our goal is to become the go-to site for
psychology, writing, help, research, studies,
and so forth. Psych2Go serves as an easily
accessible and inclusive platform for our young
audiences.
Tai Tai
Manager and Creator of Psych2Go
Psych2go@outlook.com
Psych2go.tumblr.com
Psych2go.net
Artwork by: Seth Lile
 PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
6 7

HELLO!
Welcome to the PSYCH2GO Magazine, a special branch of PSYCH2GO. This is not like your usual
magazine, and we combine important psychological information with fun creativity to create
something truly special.

This magazine is truly a young person's international magazine. We have writers, editors and
illustrators from all around the globe. From the USA, to the Philippines, to my home country of
the UK. This international approach makes the magazine we present to you, truly unique!

There's also a variety of experience levels among our staff. Some are students, some are
graduates, and some are professional psychologists. This range means we know how to keep
the knowledge we’re sharing simple, to the point, but also accurate. We all have one thing in
common however, a massive passion for psychology. With the wide range of areas covered in the
magazine, there is truly something for everyone.

We really hope you like this branch of PSYCH2GO, and that it helps expand upon the work we do
on our site, YouTube and social media. We’re all about expanding at PSYCH2GO, and so if you
want to get involved in anything be sure to get in contact. Psychology is the science that's all
about you, so get involved!

Imogen Bowler / Manchester, UK

Editor-in-Chief, Writer & Manager of PSYCH2GO Magazine
imogen@psych2go.net

Artwork by: Dew Borja

 Psych2Go

PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
8 9

CONTENTS
About Psych2Go 4
Hello Message 6
Meet The Writers 10
Psychology in the News 14
Awareness Topic 16
Cross-Cultural Psychology 18
Social Psychology 20
Exploring Mental Health 22
LGBTQA + Psychology 24
Music Psychology 26
Personality Psychology 28
Forensic Psychology 30
Art Submission Winner 32
Career Tips 34
Creative Writing 36
Community Submissions 38
Neuropsychology 46
Neurodiversity 48
P2G Entertainment and Games 52
Media Review 56
Psychology to Go 58
Debunking Psychological Myths 60
Advice Column 62
Mental Health Hotlines 66
Quiz Answers 68
Reader Testimonials 70
P2G Community Challenge 71
Contributors and Thank Yous 72
 PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
10 11

MEET
THE
WRITERS

12
Hi, I'm Teresa and I attend the University of Maryland in College Park, MD as a
journalism major. I love writing, communicating, and self-expression and am
looking to pursue a job in the social media or communications field.
U.S (Maryland) / Founder of Psych2Go Magazine
Teresa
Im Imogen, a 25 year old Psychology graduate with a Masters in Research. I
manage the magazine as well as writing various sections each issue. I love writing,
as well as food, music, and most of all learning!
The U.K. / Managing Editor of Psych2Go Magazine
Imogen
Hi! I am currently going to graduate school for a Master’s in forensic psychology. Some of my
greatest passions in psychology include the topics of eating disorders, self-harm, psychopathy,
and forensic psychology. When I’m not working or doing homework I can generally be found
watching Netflix, sleeping, playing video games, playing with cats, or working out.
U.S. (Minnesota)
Larissa
Hi! I’m Kayleigh. Besides having a passion for writing,  learning new things and gathering
interesting facts (Did you know the majority of lizards can’t run and breathe at the same time?),
I love creative things like drawing and making jewelry. I'm currently studying at University and in
my free time I can be found listening to music, reading and writing, or browsing the internet.
Netherlands
Kayleigh
I still like hedgehogs. I like psychology and have a BSc from a Canadian university.
My field of study was industrial/organizational psychology and I currently do work
in HR!
Nova Scotia
Hannah
Hi there! My name is Risha. I am a psychology graduate, general studies. I am
oftentimes described as a shy girl with a quick wit. Amazingly, I have managed to
channel my passion to different facets of art and psychology; and blended my two
loves. I am a firm believer that learning never stops.
Philippines
Risha
PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
13
Paul Travis is an author living for the rush of big city lights and a self-proclaimed
diva with a heart of gold willing to help anyone in the world that he possibly can.
For more information check out www.paultravis.net
U.S (New York)
Paul
I am a 23 year old student currently working towards a bachelor's degree in
English Literature and Creative Writing at the Open University. I run an online blog
of my work and a Literature Facebook Page called 'Life Out Of Sync." In my spare
time I like to drink coffee and talk to my cats.
The U.K
Paige
Hi I'm Jessica! I graduated from University of Maryland, Baltimore County with a Bachelor of Science
in Psychology and concentration certificates in Human Services and Biopsychology. Along with writing
for the neuropsychology section and career column, I am also a Clinical Research Coordinator at
Johns Hopkins working with patients while also studying migraine pain in the brain as well as surgical
techniques for aneurysms. Cognitive neuroscience is my main interest, specifically sensation and
perception. I'm incredibly excited for the opportunity to continue to explore and expand on these
interests through writing for Psych2Go!.
U.S (Maryland)
Jessica
Hello! I’m a 23-year old graduate student at William Carey University. I recently graduated with
a Bachelor’s degree in Psychology, and now I am studying to obtain a Master’s degree in Clinical
Mental Health Counseling. I write about music psychology each issue. I'm passionate about
psychology and mental health, and I hope my writings are able to help others!
U.S (Mississippi)
Gabriel
Hi, I’m Hal, taking currently a leisurely break from my MSc studies in Psychology with Arden
University. And like so many Londoners these days, I also have two jobs, both are in mental
health: the main one is me helping to rehab people back into society after their stint in prison or
in psychiatric wards; my second is me working as a Person-centred therapist and seeing private
clients. It’s that, I always deemed the centre of what fascinates me about psychology, that
specific glimpse it gives us how all our minds operate. That, and my love for Heavy Metal. You’ve
got to have the right soundtrack to your life!
London, UK / Advice Column
Hal
Im an aspiring writer, ardent reader and an introvert at heart. Although an Environmental
Scientist by profession, I am intrigued by psychology and human behaviour. I exercise my
innovative, scientific, creative and compassionate skills with the vision of leaving a purposeful
impact. I am passionate about humanity, nature, coffee, psychological movies, books, books and
lots of books.
Pakistan
Barira
 PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
14
WHAT’S BEEN HAPPENING?
This time on Psychology in the News: Mask Resistance
There has been an uptick in protests as masks
become mandatory in new areas in Canada and
the United States. The people attending these
protests are generally experiencing a situation
where they are expected to do something for
the collective good of others. Essentially these
INTHE
people are throwing a tantrum about being
“forced” to do something because they don’t
want to, and feel it is their choice whether or
Writte not to wear a mask and potentially infect others
n by: H
annah with COVID-19. There are also many conspiracy
Jade /
Edited
by: Be
cki Wig theories in which they believe the pandemic is
NE
gett /
Artwork
by: So
haina
planned and therefore not real or dangerous
WS
Marati
ta whatsoever; they believe that wearing of masks
will reduce their immunity to things. While more
collectivist societies are more comfortable
accepting mask wearing for the greater good,
the issue is generally on individualist societies
who view people as every person for themselves.
Other recent research has shown people
with social anxiety will have issues with
attentiveness, but only in particular situations.
Those with social anxiety do not have an overall
inattentiveness, but when confronted with
something upsetting like an angry face, they will
struggle to shift twhe focus off the angry face
and on to what they are expected to be paying
attention to. So essentially, the social anxiety
here causes the person to be unable to focus on
the proper task at hand while they are worried
about someone being upset with them or doing
something wrong or embarrassing.
And lastly, if you’ve been on the internet or
youtube in the last little while you’ve heard of
“cancel culture” but what is the psychology
behind it? The reason many people are against
“cancel culture” is that some of the things being
“cancelled” or removed are things that make
15
them feel connected to a larger group identity,
whether it is positive or negative about that group.
Sometimes it can be seen as the want for the
removal of a controversial statue, seen by some
as a representation of things like slavery, while
another subset of people sees it as a celebration
of a war hero. It is a threat to one group’s larger
group identity and thus makes them lash out
against the people who wish to have it removed.
Most of the time though, this is only a
representation of part of the issue, and
dismantling of things like statues is one piece
of a much bigger puzzle. It can also be seen
in the context of social media influencers
like YouTubers; if their apology and changed
behaviour are seen as genuine, they can be
forgiven by those attempting to cancel them.
Or conversely, the people who hold onto their
behaviour as a part of their identity can lash
out aggressively at anyone who questions
their favorite influencer. It is complicated and
nuanced but right now a lot of it appears to do
with a lot of isolation allowing people to have
extra time on their hands to delve deep into
people’s pasts and a time of social change when
people are realizing that things done in the past
are not okay now and expecting accountability.
Sources cited:
https://www.psypost.org/2020/08/new-psychology-research-sheds-light-on-
how-social-anxiety-selectively-impairs-attentional-control-57668/
https://www.psypost.org/2020/08/new-psychology-research-sheds-light-on-
how-social-anxiety-selectively-impairs-attentional-control-57668
https://www.thestar.com/life/health_wellness/2020/08/04/we-saw-it-with-
seatbelts-condoms-and-helmets-why-the-psychology-behind-mask-
resistance-is-nothing-new.html
 AWARENESS TOPIC
16
Binge Eating Disorder
Written by: Imogen Bowler / Edited by: Becki Wiggett / Artwork by: Tara Bishop
Binge Eating Disorder (BED) is an eating
disorder characterised by frequent bingeing
episodes, without the cyclic purging episodes
that you would find in Bulimia and Anorexia.
It affects around 1-3% of the adult population
(Perkins, Murphy et al, 2006). This makes it
the most common eating disorder among
adults, and yet it is very misunderstood as
many attribute blame to the sufferer for their
condition. That being said, it is a very real
condition, and generally the rates of BED as
similar across genders and races.
What are the diagnostic criteria for this
disorder?
The DSM-V is what is usually used to diagnose
mental disorders, and BED is no exception. The
criteria according to the DSM-V is as follows:
A) Recurrent binge episodes (eating more than
most by a large amount in a relatively short
space of time, or a sense of lack of control over
your eating).
B) Binge episodes include 3 or more of the
following
(1) eating more rapidly than usual,
(2) eating until uncomfortably full,
(3) eating large amounts of food when not hungry,
(4) embarrassment over the amount eaten,
(5) disgust, guilt or depression after an episode.
C) Marked distress by the episodes and
condition.
D) Episodes happen on an average of once a
week over 3 months.
E) These episodes are not part of another
eating disorder such as Bulimia.
What are some possible causes of BED?
Like with most mental disorders, we don’t
100% know the cause, and several factors
likely combine to cause BED. Often, BED is
an expression of deeper/other issues. It was
found those with BED often have higher weight
bias internalisation (which includes low self-
esteem, and high body dissatisfaction) (Pearl,
White et al, 2014). BED can also often be a
side effect of depressive disorders. Traumatic
events are also linked to the development
PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
of BED, it was found that women with BED
experience more adverse life events in the
year prior to the development of it (Mazzeo,
2009). Those with BED are more likely to
have been abused. Some other risk factors
include: childhood obesity, childhood abuse,
critical comments about their weight, and low
self-esteem (Rayworth, 2004). There are also
ambiguous results over the genetic component
of BED. It does seem as though it runs in
families, with a heritability of about 41% (Bulik
et al, 2003). There is also a clear correlation
of dietary restriction, and bingeing episodes
(Fairburn, 2013). Using a moderate dieting
regime rather than a strict one can reduce
bingeing episodes.
The best BED treatment is to use a multi-
disciplinary approach. In terms of counselling,
Congitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) seems
to be a better treatment over behavioural
weight loss, and 50% of people who receive
CBT achieve remission (Westerberg & Waitz,
2013). Therapy also seems to be more effective
than medication. That being said, there are 4
types of medication that are used to treat BED.
Lisdexamfetamine is used to treat moderate-to-
severe cases of BED. The three other classes of
drugs used are SSRIs (which have been shown
to reduce bingeing episodes, Marazziti et al,
2012), anticonvulsants, which reduce appetite
(Marazziti et al, 2012), and anti-obesity drugs.
Surgery generally isn’t as useful as a treatment.
Finally, people with BED often have comorbid
disorders. Some examples of common
comorbid disorders with BED are Major
Depressive disorder, personality disorders,
bipolar, substance abuse, body dysmorphic
disorder, and fibromyalgia. People with BED
also often have a history of suicide attempts,
and as up to 70% of people with BED are
classed as obese, other health issues are
common (Michalska et al, 2016).
I hope this article has helped inform you some more
about this not well understood eating disorder!
17
Sources cited:
Perkins, SJ; Murphy, R; Schmidt, U; Williams, C (19 July 2006).
“Self-help and guided self-help for eating disorders”. The
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (3): CD004191.
Pearl, Rebecca; White, Marney; Grilo, Carlos (April 2014).
“Overevaluation of shape and weight as a mediator between
self-esteem and weight bias internalization among patients
with binge eating disorder”. Eating Behaviors. 15 (2): 259–61.
Mazzeo, Suzanne (January 2009). “Environmental and Genetic
Risk Factors for Eating Disorders: What the Clinician Needs to
Know”. National Library of Health. 18 (1): 67–82.
Rayworth, Beth (May 2004). “Childhood Abuse and Risk of
Eating Disorders in Women”. Epidemiology. 15 (3): 271–278.
Bulik, C.M.; Sullivan, P.F.; Kendler, K.S. (2003). “Genetic and
environmental contributions to obesity and binge eating”.
International Journal of Eating Disorders. 33 (3): 293–298.
Fairburn, Christopher (2013). Overcoming binge eating: the
proven program to learn why you binge and how you can
stop(Second ed.). New York: Guilford Publications.
Westerburg DP, Waitz M (November–December 2013). “Binge-
eating disorder”. Osteopathic Family Physician. 5 (6): 230–33.
Marazziti D, Corsi M, Baroni S, Consoli G, Catena-
Dell’Osso M (December 2012). “Latest advancements in the
pharmacological treatment of binge eating disorder” (PDF).
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 16 (15): 2102–7.
Michalska, A; Szejko, N; Jakubczyk, A; Wojnar, M (2016).
“Nonspecific eating disorders - a subjective review”(PDF).
Psychiatria Polska. 50 (3): 497–507.
 CROSS-CULTURAL PSYCHOLOGY PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
18
In recent years, mental health has been a
global public health priority. The globalized
culture has made great strides in educating
the general public, normalizing the notion of
mental illness and wellness in the broader
conversations of society. However, despite this,
the crisis of maintaining a holistic standard to
wellbeing and mental health is still a challenge.
THE CRISIS IS CLOSELY INTERTWINED WITH PROBLEMS WITH
POVERTY, STUBBORN CULTURAL SHIFTS, AND STIGMA
Many countries have their own problems
regarding mental health that are unique
to them. However, a common nexus to
the problem is rooted in sociocultural
circumstances. The mental health crisis
is closely intertwined with problems with
poverty, stubborn cultural shifts and stigma.
According to a case study by Narasimhan and
his peers conducted in 2019, despite the major
advancements in treatments, almost 91% of
people with mental illness in low and medium-
income countries are not in treatment because
of systemic barriers that bar them from getting
treatment.
Narasimhan’s study also postulated that
The Complex Problem
India is home to more than 150 million people
with mental illness, but only 10% of people
with common mental disorders receive care.
Stories about not being able to get the proper
of Mental Health in India treatment because of stigma or poverty are
commonplace.
Written by: Risha Mae Ordas / Edited by: Becki Wiggett / Artwork by: Marielle Laya India’s culture is built upon the need to provide.
There is a pressure on an individual to earn
money and take home resources to their family,
and that anything less will not be accepted.
Any indication of mental illness is shrugged
off as not important. This ‘rat-race’ mentality
is taxing to a person’s mental health and may
morph into far more severe cases of anxiety
and depression. This is further exacerbated by
the fact that more and more people are moving
19
out of their homes to have better opportunities
in the city, thereby moving away from their
support systems.
Opportunities for treatment are also very
limited. Healthcare in India is privatized and
often doesn’t include mental health as part of
its packages. And not only is there a lack of
mental health practitioners, but also facilities
that would spread awareness regarding mental
health, mental illness, and the importance of
proper treatment.
A law is currently in place in India that offers
chances of reform for the current system.
Some may say that it would be a good place to
start, however, there is much left to be desired.
Laws in itself are not the only drivers of
change, for it is the people who will ultimately
dictate the pace of change it wants to do. And
from the current pace of society, plagued with
intertwined and systemic problems, we have
much to accomplish. But the fact that we’re
trying is a symbol of hope in itself.
Sources cited:
https://elmmagazine.eu/adult-education-and-mental-
health-32017/indias-hidden-mental-health-problem/
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13033-019-0313-8
https://www.dandc.eu/en/article/large-extent-indian-society-
simply-not-prepared-deal-mental-health-problems
https://www.dandc.eu/en/article/large-extent-indian-society-
simply-not-prepared-deal-mental-health-problems
https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673616001604
 SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
20
Social Consequences
of Binge Eating Disorder
Written by: Paul Travis / Edited by: Danica Susilo / Artwork by: Mohamed Osama
When it comes to Binge Eating Disorder
(BED), we are not just talking about having
a large meal and feeling uncomfortably full.
Binge Eating Disorder impacts the mind, body,
and spirit. In today’s society, the verb “binge”
is used lightly—but when it comes to an eating
disorder, it’s quite serious. In this article I’m
going to take a look into what really happens
to your body and how it impacts the social
aspect of a person’s life.
It is often described as if someone or
something else has taken over the person’s
body. Parts of the person knows it should stop
eating but to no avail are unable to. Others
may have experienced themselves zoning
out and entering autopilot when it comes to
eating a meal. Eating fast and well-beyond
their point of fullness, they will begin to
feel physically uncomfortable. Therefore it
causes them to want to isolate from social
interactions.
Oftentimes a person’s mind plays a role. There
is almost always a trigger that initiates the
binging behavior. An example would include
dieting but also social pressures or emotional
PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
21
situations. A person gets hyper-focused on
food and finds it as a sense of escaping reality.
After a person finishes their binge often
distress, shame, and self-loathing occur.
They begin to feel unloveable, worthless and
undeserving when in this distressed place
mentally. Physically it can cause pain and the
feeling of nausea. Their sleep even becomes
uncomfortable due to the severe pain due to
the discomfort. Depression and feelings of
hopelessness follow as these individuals feel
out of control which they now regret.
Studies have found that as many as 95 percent
of people who get evidence based treatment
for BED improve significantly or recover fully.
A lot of treatment is based on cognitive-
behavioral therapy, which breaks down
thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. If you or
someone you know is suffering from BED
don’t worry. Options are out there for you to
get back control of your life and be happy with
the person you are, just the way you are.
Sources cited:
https://aaptiv.com/magazine/binge-eating-effects
 EXPLORING MENTAL HEALTH PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
22 23

Agoraphobia
Written by: Hannah Jade / Edited by: Dancia Susilo / Artwork by: Marielle Laya

Agoraphobia is a specific phobia that is

included in the DSM5 individually.

Agoraphobia is marked by symptoms that are a

marked fear of two or more of the following:

Using public transport

Being in open spaces
Being in enclosed spaces
Standing in a line or being in crowds
Being outside the home alone

These situations have to be actively avoided,

and the symptoms have to last six months or
more to be considered for a diagnosis. It is also
more likely to affect women than men.

It is more likely to develop in those with panic

disorder who had their first panic attack in
a public space. A lot of the fear comes from
having a panic attack or being embarrassed in
a public space without having a way to escape.
It is not the same as panic disorder.

Treatment includes anti anxiety medications

like benzodiazepines, but also cognitive
behavioural therapy and exposure therapy.
An avoidance hierarchy, also known as the fear
hierarchy, is something that is often used with
clients with agoraphobia.

It’s effectiveness to improve distress is studied

extensively and has been shown over time to
improve the symptoms of panic and fear in this
disorder.
 LGBTQ + PSYCHOLOGY
24
WHY LGBTQ+
INDIVIDUALS ARE MORE
LIKELY TO DEVELOP AN
EATING DISORDER
Written by: Paul Travis / Edited by: Dancia Susilo / Artwork by: Dancia Susilo
Eating disorders (ED) kill more people than
any other mental illness due to nutritional
deficiencies and suicidal tendencies that
develop along with EDs. The LGBTQ+
population is at risk but the National Eating
Disorder Association (NEDA) stated that more
in-depth research is required in order to
understand why LGBTQ+ individuals are more
likely to develop an ED. This article will share
some insights that studies have gathered.
Bullying. Eating disorders most often develop
between the ages of 12 and 24. It’s the age
where most adolescents and teenagers begin
to experience bullying. The LGBTQ+ youth are
among those who will most likely encounter
bullying, along with harassment and violence.
It is stated that there’s a strong connection
between bullying and disordered eating.
Around 65 percent say bullying has contributed
to the ongoing battle with such. Why bullying
plays such a role is because the feeling of
disconnection and lower self-esteem so people
turn to numb out the effects that bullying has
had on them.
Trauma. Defined by deeply disturbing
experiences, trauma is known to play a role in
the development of an ED. With that being said,
it is more likely that LGBTQ+ individuals will
have experienced traumatic events than their
heterosexual peers, according to the National
Child Traumatic Stress Network (NCTSN).
Trauma can play a big role in the cause of an
ED. An ED can give a person a sense of control
of their body which often times is lead by an
event that made them feel like they weren’t in
control. It goes hand to hand with PTSD.
PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
25
Cultue pressure. Another reason EDs affect
the LGBTQ+ community more than others is
due to the pressures put on people who identify
with certain genders. Therefore it allows an
individual to partake in certain eating behaviors
such as food restriction, binging and purging.
The cultural pressure to look a certain way
plays a role in many.
Loneliness. It can be a trigger for many. People
feel changing their body will help them gain
more attention to connect with others. In
the end it does the opposite for the LGBTQ+
individual because it will lead to feeling less
connected to people around them. Remember,
you are not alone. Help is out there and if you
know someone who is struggling, help guide Sources cited:
them in the right direction to get their lives https://www.health.com/mind-body/lgbtq-community-eating-
back to a normal state. disorders?amp=true
 MUSIC PSYCHOLOGY PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
26
We all have our music preferences. Whether
Play That Song:
it is rap, alternative pop, country, rock, or
anything in between, we can agree that music
makes us feel better. Even if one only cares
for one style of music, all genres affect the
The Effect of Different Genres of
brain. Different genres can de-stress the
brain, help with meditation, improve memory,
and boost one’s immune system. According to
Music on One’s Health
Tom Barnes of Mic.com, “the auditory cortex
is mainly responsible for taking the music
you hear and parsing the most rudimentary
Written by: Gabriel Taylor / Edited by: Becki Wiggett / Artwork by: Jeremy Rodriguez features of the music, such as pitch and
volume. It works with the cerebellum to break
down a stream of musical information into its
component parts: pitch, timbre, spatial location
and duration. That information is processed
by higher-order brain structures, which
analyze and broaden the music out into a rich
experience.”
Genres such as pop, country, rap, and reggae
have repetitive and catchy sounds, and they
actually make one less calm due to the fast
beat that makes one feel happy and energetic.
On the other hand, “metal music is believed
to help cope with these feelings. The reason is
mainly due to the loud growls and screams as
well as the tempo and drumbeats of the music,
causing your brains to ‘boom’ with messages.”
(Itssaraglows, 2016)
Classical music is more complex than pop or
rap music in that it has different sections and
is not as repetitive. Classical music makes
one feel calmer, which causes a dopamine
rush. Studies have proven classical music
to make children smarter, and it improves
memory. Because different genres invoke
different emotions and chemical responses,
it is recommended that one listens to various
genres of music.
27
Patrick Wong, author of a study from
Northwestern University which focuses on
“bimusicality”, specializes in how the brain
processes sound. He stated, “If you are
bimusical, you tend to engage a larger network
of the brain when you listen to the two kinds
of music.” He concluded from his study
that people who had grown up with different
musical cultures had a more elaborate brain
system for listening, than those who grew up
with music from just one culture. “Wong’s
bimusicals engaged more areas of their brain
when listening to music. He says bimusicals
looped in not only the auditory areas of the
brain, but also its emotional region.” (2012)
While it is great to listen to the familiar sound
of your favorite type of music, expanding your
horizon to include a variety of different genres
and music from different cultures can be
beneficial to both your physical and mental health.
Sources cited:
Barnes, T. (2015, June 3). Here’s What Happens Inside Your
Brain When You Listen to Music, in 3 Mind-Blowing GIFs. Mic.
https://www.mic.com/articles/119856/this-is-what-happens-
inside-your-brain-when-you-hear-a-song.
Itssaraglows. (2016, May 19). How Music Genres Affect the
Brain. https://itssaraglows.wordpress.com/2016/05/16/how-
music-genres-affect-the-brain/.
Research shows listening to different musical genres leaves
lasting impact on brain. (2012, July 19). https://www.pri.org/
stories/2012-07-19/research-shows-listening-different-
musical-generes-leaves-lasting-impact-brain.
 PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY
28
BINGE EATING DISORDER’S
PERSONALITY DIMENSIONS
Written by: Risha Mae Ordes / Edited by: Dancia Susilo / Artwork by: Tara Bishop
Personality can be considered as one of the
backbones of what makes us human. Aside
from it being one of the culminations of our
understanding of the world as well as our
experiences, studies have hypothesized that this
is also a key element in eating disorders.
Eating disorders have been one of the most
prevalent mental disorders in the world.
Currently, it has affected an average of 20
million women and 10 million men in the United
States and are often associated with low self-
esteem as well as other mental illnesses which
they are possibly co-morbid with.
Binge-eating disorder in particular, is
characterized by eating an excessive amount
of food within a small time period and is
associated with an extreme lack of self-control
and shame during these episodes. Unlike
PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
bulimia and anorexia nervosa, there is no
compensatory purging that accompanies these
urges, however the negative feelings associated
with food consumption are still alive and
thriving.
Peterson and her colleagues’ study have
postulated that there are several identifying
personality factors for each eating disorder. In
their paper, they have assessed patients who
were suffering with bulimia nervosa, binge-
eating disorder, obese individuals who did not
binge eat, and normal weight comparison
participants. Personality dimensions were
assessed using the Multidimensional
Personality Questionnaire.
The study postulated that patients who were
suffering from binge eating disorder scored low
on well-being and higher on harm avoidance
than the normal weight comparison group.
Harm avoidance, in particular, is a personality
trait that is characterized by excessive worrying,
pessimism, and being fearful and doubtful.
If these traits are present in individuals who are
suffering from binge-eating disorder, intuitive
eating is perhaps two important skills that can
help individuals overcome their disorders while
29
in treatment and recovery. Intuitive eating is
described as aligning one’s internal clock with
their body and eating only when hunger is felt.
These disorders are not the end-all be-all of
an individual, and are often manifestations of
underlying problems that needed to be dealt
with. Regardless, the important thing is the
drive to be better and to move forward. People
are entitled to remain where they are when they
feel like they get stuck, but they also have the
ability to move and thrive when they are ready.
Sources cited:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2838502/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8408956/
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/happiness-is-state-
mind/201805/personality-traits-those-who-overcome-eating-
disorders
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/
PMC4602540/#:~:text=Harm%20avoidance%20(HA)%2C%20
a,related%20to%20low%20serotonergic%20activity.
 FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY
30
FORENSIC HOSPITAL VS PRISON
Written by: Larissa Grundmanis / Edited by: Becki Wiggett / Artwork by: Mohamed Osama
Even in prison, inmates in the United States
have a right to mental health care. Prisoners
have been known to have high rates of mental
illness, and so they need to receive the
appropriate level of care. However, sometimes
the amount of care needed is greater than
what can be provided by a prison. Forensic
psychiatric hospitals admit different types of
offenders, but most often they admit offenders
who have been found not criminally responsible
due to mental illness or defect, or those who
are incompetent to stand trial. Many times the
types of psychiatric disorders seen in these
facilities involve psychotic-based disorders.
Because of that, there is an important need for
therapy to help offenders become stable and
able to understand the reason why they are
in a forensic psychiatric hospital. Additionally,
aggressive, violent, and high-risk individuals
can also be seen in a forensic hospital.
Because of that, forensic hospitals can include
low, medium, and high-security settings. True,
someone going to a forensic hospital can be
seen as someone “getting away” with their
crime, but in reality, forensic hospitals can be
much more restrictive than a prison setting.
This is because individuals are often under
stricter care than if they were in prison, due to
the severity of their mental illness.
Even though forensic hospitals serve
incarcerated individuals with mental illness,
it does not mean that everyone with a mental
illness will be admitted to a forensic hospital.
For instance in 2005 in the United States,
only one in 3,000 Americans were able to be
admitted to a psychiatric facility – an increase
from earlier years. According to a 2012 study, it
was found that 90% of individuals serving time
also have a diagnosable mental illness. Despite
PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
31
Sources cited:
Neil, C. E. (2012). Prisoner or patient - the challenges within
forensic health services. Scottish Universities Medical Journal,
Stringer, H. (2019). Improving mental health for inmates.
Monitor on Psychology, 50(3). Retrieved from https://www.apa.
1(2), 119-122. Retrieved from http://sumj.dundee.ac.uk/data/ org/monitor/2019/03/mental-heath-inmates
uploads/volume2/sumjv1i2p.119-122.pdf
Torrey, E. F., Kennard, A. D., Eslinger, D., & Lamb, R. (2010).
this number, the majority of offenders with a Seppänen, A., Törmänen, L., Shaw, C., & Kennedy, H. (2018). More mentally ill persons are in jails and prisons than
mental illness will remain in prison, rather Modern forensic psychiatric hospital design: Clinical, legal hospitals: A survey of the states. In Mental Illness Policy.
than being transferred to a forensic hospital. and structural aspects. International Journal of Mental Health Retrieved from https://mentalillnesspolicy.org/ngri/jails-vs-
Systems, 12(58), 1-12. doi:10.1186/s13033-018-0238-7 hospitals.html
Prison, meanwhile, is where an individual goes
if they are convicted of a felony. Individuals in Simpson, J. R. (2014). Correctional Psychiatry: Challenges and
prison are usually there for at least one year, rewards. In Psychiatric Times. Retrieved from https://www.
and the facility itself is run by the Federal psychiatrictimes.com/view/correctional-psychiatry-challenges-
Bureau of Prisons. Some prisons have and-rewards
inpatient hospital units, but the majority do
not. Many disorders, especially personality
disorders, depression, and anxiety, are often
seen in prison, with some estimates being
that 37% of inmates have a mental illness.
Normally more severe illnesses, such as
schizophrenia, are what is seen in forensic
psychiatric hospitals - if a bed is available.
However, it is important to recognize that not
everyone with schizophrenia will be transferred
to a forensic psychiatric hospital. There are few
beds available and so finding the right place
to treat individuals with mental health issues
such as psychosis is often a challenge.
Ultimately mental illness runs rampant both
in prison and forensic psychiatric hospitals.
However, there are a few main differences
between the two. The first is that hospitals
have a minimal number of beds, and so there
is little room for individuals to be transferred
to a forensic hospital. However, there are
occasionally beds free, and usually, these
beds are for offenders who have been found
incompetent to stand trial or not guilty by
reason of insanity. Additionally, more severe
disorders such as schizophrenia are found
more often in forensic hospitals, whereas
in prison you are more likely to encounter
offenders with anxiety, depression, or
personality disorders.
 ART SUBMISSION PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
32 33

ART If you would like to have

the chance to win and

SUBMISSION
have your art showcased
in our next issue, be
on the lookout for the

WINNER
next art theme which
will be posted on our
social media!

The topic came up talking to a friend not long

ago. A shall admit that before that what I
thought to be empathy was really sympathy,
knowing that they were totally different things
really blew my mind.

She put it as if sympathy came from a place of

feeling superior (consciously or unconsciously)
while empathy came from a place within the
heart, actively listening and really catching up
with the other person.

I feel that active listening is very important

because it helps to understand the other
person and that they both grow. Since then I try
to practice it everyday being more conscious of
what I do.
Artwork by Martha Escobar
Instagram @esmarivart
 CAREER TIPS
34
HOW TO SAY GOODBYE
Written by: Jessica Jang / Edited by: Becki Wiggett / Artwork by: Sohania Maratita
Leaving is never easy, but sometimes it
is the right move. Whether it be you are
unsatisfied or you found a better opportunity.
Even now while everything has been more
unpredictable than ever, here are some ways
to teach you how to say goodbye and leave on
good terms. You never know when you’ll need
that reference again! Or you might come back
as another position.
1. Two Weeks Notice
It may be hard to approach, especially
through email, but schedule some time to
pull your boss aside to explain that you are
leaving but that you are appreciative of what
this job has taught you. It does not have to be
flowery or super detailed, just straight and
to the point so your message is clear. Review
plenty of examples to edit your draft before
sending in because this might be added to
your employment file. Also, this information
has to come from you and not from rumors
because you told your co-workers first. Even
though the standard amount of time to give
is two weeks notice, check your contract to
see how much notice you should give so you
can clean up any loose ends and/or train new
employees. The more specific your date, the
better. You can even offer to help find who will
be filling your role.
2. The Announcement
When you tell your co-workers, let them
know before your two weeks are up so they
can help with the transition! Even if you want
to give some people on your team a piece of
your mind- don’t! Grin and bear it. And even
if you’re excited about your new position, be
PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
35
humble. If you want, you can send the last With one more check, congrats! You fully assess your situation before taking any
message to all or all you want to keep in did it! It might have been a bit hard and actions. You don’t want to ruin future chances
touch with. And for those special ones, take uncomfortable but you have managed your of employment. It is good to have a strong exit
some time to write a nice thank you card. work and how people feel about you so the strategy before you continue taking on the
Don’t forget to set your email with relevant ship can continue sailing. While some of world. Best of luck!
contact information so certain projects or these steps might not be relevant to you,
duties can be moved along smoothly.
3. Home Stretch
Wrapping up things might take longer than
you expect but it is best to make sure all
projects are complete, responsibilities are
passed off, and/or detailed instructions
were left in an easy place to access. Keep a
checklist so you remember everything - like
that issue in the budget. You wouldn’t want
that happening to you, so don’t make things
harder for the next person! And slowly clear
up your area to prepare to leave. This could
be clearing your locker, removing family
pictures from your desk, and/or saving files
from your work computer. It’s too sudden if
your personal belongings all go away at once.
Take some time to clean up after yourself.
4. Swift Exit
If you are offered an exit interview show that
you took the job seriously by showing up.
You are a valuable resource for providing
good feedback so your position will be
better for the next person. Remember: if
you have nothing nice to say, do not say it
at all. This is also a time to talk about the
great opportunities you received and what
experiences you learned from. If you are
not offered one you can try to request one
with just your supervisor so they can better
understand your position and help others
work more efficiently.
 CREATIVE WRITING PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
36 37

AGNUS
Written by: Paige Keir / Edited by: Dancia Susilo / Artwork by: Jeremy Rodriguez

A part of you,
Is a part of me,
And now it seems,
You’ve been set free.

I’m like a tree,

Without a leaf, I’ll make you proud,
It’s time to let go, I will get through,
It’s time for grief. Every day,
I’ll do for you.
But I know that past, Though my soul is hollow,
All life’s commotion. Without you here,
This is all just a drop, I’ll face tomorrow,
Within an ocean. I must not fear.
Although right now,
The loss does ache, Life may be tragic,
I know somewhere out there, Now I’m bereft,
You await. Because now you’re magic,
Is all that’s left.
I hope you watch, I must stand up,
I hope you glee, When I do fall,
Until the day, For I was lucky,
I too am free. To have you at all.

And until that time, Life is precious,

I’ll miss you still, And I’ll make it through,
But you’ll look down, Because a part of me,
I know you will. Is a part of you.
 COMMUNITY SUBMISSION—SEPTEMBER
38
HAVE I GOT WHAT IT TAKES TO
BE SEXY?
Written by: Jenny Beer, Tamara Bailey, Jean-Phylippe Provencher, and Chrissie Fitch
Edited by: Dancia Susilo / Artwork by: Tulie Mitiuriev
Self-image, body-image, and healthfulness are
prominent in all forms of our current society,
from TV, to books, to films, to everyday life.
Many people are critical about their own body
as well as others, which can have both negative
and positive impacts on our society. It is known
that young children are heavily influenced by
celebrities, especially how they look and the ways
they fit into body image stereotypes (Healthtalk,
2012; Newport Academy, 2018). This can lead to
an unhealthy outlook on food and exercise, which
can be dangerous to an individual’s physical
and mental health. It is a basic human desire
to feel comfortable about one’s own body. For
some of us, this is a quest that we find extremely
challenging to achieve. Must this always be
the case though? Studies have shown that the
answer possibly lies in a good parenting style.
Finding hints of correlation between authoritative
parenting, healthy self-image, and eating habits,
Fitch et al (2020) drew upon previous empirical
research to find associations between (a) social
views regarding health and beauty, (b) a person’s
self-image, and (c) lifestyle choices in terms of
food and exercise. For instance, how individuals
feel about themselves and how the outside
world affects the perceptions of one’s self and
how the real world, from family members to
celebrities have influence in our outlook of self-
image. However, there seemed to be a gap in the
research with regard to how parenting styles fit
in this equation. Fitch et al (2020) found positive
correlations between authoritative parenting and
a person’s self-compassion, which influences
healthy self-image and consequently, intuitive
eating. Intuitive eating is a concept that has been
PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
39
around since the early 1970’s but it was first
coined by Tribole and Resch in 1995 (Rumsey,
2019). It is described as eating with sensitivity
to your body’s cues for hunger and satisfaction,
as opposed to ‘dieting’ which prescribes a strict
dichotomy of what a person ‘can and cannot eat.’
From the time the term was coined, a wealth of
research has proven its usefulness in promoting
positive mental health and self-image especially
amongst individuals suffering from eating
disorders.
The experiment consisted of two studies
and included the use of validated research
questionnaires to measure body image, intuitive
eating, parental authority, and self-compassion.
The Multidimensional Body-Self Relations
Questionnaire and Appearance Scale, and
Intuitive Eating Scale-2 were used for Study 1;
the Parental Authority Questionnaire, and Self-
compassion Scale were added for Study 2. Study
1 focused on 90 volunteers, aged 18 to 63 years,
half of which were females. Study 2 subsequently
closed in on studying 213 males exclusively, aged
21 to 45 years, after the previous study showed
data that males are more inclined to intuitive
eating than females.
Study 1 showed that for both genders, a positive
view and satisfaction over one’s appearance
encourages eating intuitively or as the body
requires and dictates (Tylka, 2006 as cited in
Fitch et al., 2020). Preoccupation about one’s
weight and weight gain had the opposite effect,
however, in that it inhibits intuitive eating. It is
worth noting that males showed more positive
appearance evaluation than females who showed

40
higher overweight preoccupation. Females also
scored higher on appearance orientation, which
denotes that they place more importance on
being physically attractive. However, there was no
salient relationship found between appearance
orientation and intuitive eating. Study 2 reinforced
the positive influence self-compassion has
over intuitive eating and in the same manner
authoritative or balanced parenting over self-
compassion.
Fitch et al reaffirms the weight of parental role
from the very first day of their child’s life. It spells
out that children’s confidence in eating may very
well impact their mental health both now and
in the future. There is also an underlying tone of
caution to be vigilant about how the superficial
self-image that commerce promulgates affect
young minds. The studies found that those who
practice self-compassion also ate more intuitively,
and those who received authoritative parenting
as children were more self-compassionate. Thus,
the relationship seems reciprocal in that eating
intuitively improves mental health. Such findings
have strong implications towards a number of
issues pertaining not only to eating disorders,
but also to positive parenting and mental health
promotion. Indeed, the studies highlighted the
need for parents to appreciate their children not
only for what they can do but also for how they
appear, and at the same time, being careful not
to inculcate excessive self-consciousness. “Good
eating” can therefore be the product of good
mental health which may include a feeling of
contentment and acceptance about one’s self.
Even though celebrity influence is noticed
in both males and females, there has been
evidence to suggest that young girls are more
easily influenced by female celebrity role
models creating false expectations of their own
body possibilities given that many celebrities
participate in unhealthy food restrictions and
excessive exercise. A known case of eating
disorder driven by the lack of positive parental
affect is that of a famous singer, Karen Carpenter
(Schmidt, 2010). Years after her death, journalists
wrote that the neurotic condition was in fact
triggered by her mother’s apparent lack of
acceptance and affection towards the singer
which was plainly coupled by her stronger
preference towards Karen’s older brother. The
well-loved and talented musician died at the age
of 32, succumbed by the obsession to control her
weight. Karen’s tragic ending is one of many and
some are still imprisoned by the nagging feeling
of wanting to lose or not gain weight in order
to feel worthy. Does the freedom to eat heartily
carry with it a freedom to be happy? How much
can parents do to shield their children from
embracing a superficial self-image promulgated
by social media?
This research could reap benefits from expanding
its scope to a wider and more diverse population
where random or quota sampling could be
further utilised. This would consequently give
researchers an opportunity to strengthen
their research findings or possibly discover
new correlations. Fitch et al (2020) suggests
including variables pertaining to ethnic and
gender backgrounds. In fact, there is underlying
value in understanding the reason behind one
of their research outcomes; that males have
higher propensity towards intuitive eating than
females. Clearly, gender differences play a
part in explaining differences in intuitive eating
behaviour. Outlining these differences may help
us further understand parenting styles that are
adept to addressing gender needs. It might also
be beneficial to find out the practice of intuitive
eating amongst children and what parents do to
inhibit or regulate such practice. What are the
differences between children’s eating habits and
how is this influenced by their innate personality
and their environment? In particular, how can
parents impart self-compassion to young minds?
What are common parental practices that
undermine and encourage this? How early can
these practices influence children? Moreover,
other studies have shown salient links between
ethnicity and parenting style. It is therefore
essential to understand the encompassing
influence of certain ethnic traits versus
PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
authoritative parenting styles, and therefore the
development of self-compassion in individuals.
The study nullified the association of age
in determining intuitive eating. Could it be
worthwhile to challenge this finding? Fitch et al
(2020) cite the existence of longitudinal studies
reporting that “individuals become more mindful
of what they eat as they age, and moderate
weight gain is common in adulthood (Donini et
al., 2003; Rozin & Fallon, 1988).” It is therefore
worth re-inspecting correlation between these
two variables. As with attachment style, a
longitudinal study has uncovered that lifelong
experiences can redefine a person’s attachment
style from that learned in childhood (Chopik, et
al., 2019). The same can be extracted from a
longitudinal study regarding correlations between
intuitive eating and developmental changes and
experiences. Perhaps, the aforementioned data
provides reason to think again. The answer may
lie in another longitudinal study regarding how
eating habits change through time. In particular,
could people who were more inclined to eating
disorders learn to eat more intuitively as they
age? And could intuitive eaters develop eating
disorders later on in their life? Can differences in
metabolism and physical activities play a part?
Or perhaps females’ stronger sensitivity to social
pressures or listen more to their emotional cues
compared to their counterparts?
The above suggestions may call for the
need to use qualitative research methods
(e.g. observation, interview, focus group) in
combination with survey tools that has already
been used in this study. Naturally, greater
manpower, time and resources are required but
the expenditure can be justified by the substance
of the outcomes. With such research knowledge,
professionals can further advice on parenting,
mental health, healthy eating, and personal
development.
So, “have I got what it takes to be sexy?” This
research compels us to answer, “a thousand
times – YES!” This does not depend on your
41
daily calorie intake; neither does it hinge on the
size of the clothes you can fit into. Believing “I
am sexy” is a decision to be kind to yourself and
be free from the constraints of perfectionism
built around false idealism. It is one important
decision to make especially if you are a parent
yourself, or someone who could potentially be
in the future, because we know all too well that
“one cannot give what one does not have.”
Additional reading:
Chopik, W. J., Edelstein, R. S. & Grimm, K. J (2019). Longitudinal changes
in attachment orientation over a 59-year period. Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 116(4), pp. 598-611.
Healthtalk. (2012). Health and weight (young people). [Online]. Available
at: healthtalk.org/health-and-weight/the-media-weight-and-body-image
[Accessed on 15/05/2020].
Newport Academy, 2018. How Celebrities Influence Teens and Why it
Matters. [Online]. Available at: https://www.newportacademy.com/resources/
empowering-teens/celebrities-influence/ [Accessed on 15/05/2020].
Rumsey, A (2019). What is Intuitive Eating? [online]. https://alissarumsey.com/
intuitive-eating/what-is-intuitive-eating/
Schmidt, R (2010). Karen Carpenter’s Tragic Story. [online]. https://www.
theguardian.com/books/2010/oct/24/karen-carpenter-anorexia-book-extract
Reviewers:
Jenny Beer, Child Psychology Student, Oxbridge Home Learning Ltd.
Tamara Bailey, Child Psychology Student, Oxbridge Home Learning Ltd.
Jean-Phylippe Provencher, PhD Student at University of Ottawa.
Chrissie Fitch, Researcher; Tutor at Oxbridge Home Learning Ltd;
Freelance Editor at Psych2Go. Email: chrissie_hmic@consultant.com; T: @
fitchy_chris
Sources cited:
Fitch, C., Provencher, J.P., Bowler, I., Taylor, G., Batool-Ghadiri, T. & Drolet,
M.H (2020). Do I look fat in this? When self-image, intuitive eating and
childhood parenting practices merge across gender. BPS Health Psychology
Update, 29(1), pp. 37 – 48.
 COMMUNITY SUBMISSION—CREATIVE WRITING PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
42 43

STARK
Written By: Chahat Karia / Edited by: Becki Wiggett / Artwork By: Mohamed Osama

I want to be a tree And sits and sits.

Of green and of leaves A red blood on a white shirt.
Bark strong like the breeze Her hands cold of snow
And roots as deep as thoughts. Pluck the stains
I have green fields round of me And she collects them
With flowers yellow and glim Then you see her run with the stains,
But in winter it all turns white A blotch of red and purple and yellow.
And I be bare As beautiful as a rainbow.
All I see is waves of snow On a white snow.
Stains of purple and yellow And many many she collects.
Pain the waves. To content her,
Then she runs With stains of pansies.
Across the waves They blend into the rainbow.
Her hood, red as blood With her red hood,
On a white sea And the stains turn to trees.
She stoops and sits.
 PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
44 45

COMMUNITY
PHOTOGRAPHY

Juleigh Wolson
Instagram @ju_qw0972

My piece was related to empathy because empathy is

the ability to understand feelings of another. I believe
animals can show empathy just as well as humans.
 NEUROPSYCHOLOGY
46
NEUROTRANSMITTERS:
THE KEY TO RESPONDING
Written by: Jessica Jang / Edited by: Dancia Susilo / Artwork by: Tulie Mitiuriev
Last time on our journey through the nervous
system, we looked at action potentials and how
they send signals for the billions of neurons in
your body to communicate across synapses.
This issue, we will focus on exactly what those
chemicals called neurotransmitters are. The
whole purpose of an action potential is to
release neurotransmitters to send messages
throughout the body. These regulate activities
such as concentration, eating, breathing,
sleeping, mood, and digestion. When the
neurotransmitters bind to specific receptors or
de/hyperpolarize the cell, you get to experience
the world!
There are three types of systems of
neurotransmitters sorted by what chemicals
they are made of. The cholinergic system is
based on acetylcholine (ACh) and is mostly
in the autonomic nervous system. The amino
acids have an amino group and a carboxyl
group in their chemical structures. Finally, the
biogenic amines are decarboxylated amino
acids (meaning amino acids without carboxyl
groups). So which are the most important?
These are in the biogenic amines group which
include serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine,
epinephrine, and histamine. Though there are
many different neurotransmitters within the
body, we’ll review these big ones.
SEROTONIN
This neurotransmitter plays a role in feeling
happiness. You would think it would be in the
brain but serotonin is mostly found in the
digestive tract and blood platelets because
the body receives these amino acids through
diet. Serotonin is sometimes referred to as
the mood stabilizer but it also helps your body
heal wounds by narrowing the arteries and
maintaining bone health. To regulate sleep,
serotonin stimulates specific receptors in
certain parts of the brain that control sleep
and waking such as the hypothalamus. This
chemical also is the cause of nausea. By
increasing the amount of it in the blood,
it protects the body by pushing out bad
chemicals. The current literature states that
men have higher levels of serotonin compared
to women. Normally, serotonin levels in the
blood are around 101–283 ng/mL. If there
are low levels, this leads to depression. High
levels, usually produced through medication,
decreases how the body responds to stimuli
and libido. Severely high levels can lead to
osteoporosis causing the bones to be weaker.
DOPAMINE
While working closely with serotonin, this
neurotransmitter has to do with pleasure
and rewards, impacting decision making and
habits. It is produced in the substantia nigra
and the ventral tegmental areas of the brain.
Dopamine helps the body with movement and
speech. This is why low levels of dopamine
lead to disorders such as Parkinson’s, causing
tremors, or an inability to feel pleasure, called
anhedonia. Staying up late can lead to a
significant decrease in dopamine receptors in
the morning. So make sure you get your sleep!
Dopamine also has a big role in addiction. The
release of these chemicals tells the brain to
get more of stimuli which changes behaviors
by having the body focus on reinforcing or
PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
motivating behaviors to get more of the
stimulation. However, high levels of dopamine
can push the body too much causing mania,
delusions, and/or hallucinations, leading
to mental disorders such as schizophrenia.
Dopamine might sound similar to serotonin but
serotonin deals with processing emotions and
regulating the body while dopamine works with
behaviors for rewards and moving the body.
NOREPINEPHRINE & EPINEPHRINE
These neurotransmitters also work as
hormones. So not only are they working
with cells, but also with organs and tissues.
Epinephrine, or adrenaline, work with
norepinephrine to regulate the autonomic
nervous system (Read more about this in
Issue 15!). Both are produced in the adrenal
gland medulla. These work to increase heart
rate and blood pressure for the body’s stress
response then decrease heart rate and blood
pressure for the body to calm down. Low levels
of these chemicals leads to migraines, heart
issues, or attention disorders such as ADHD
while high levels lead to excessive shaking
and sweating and/or high blood pressure.
However, epinephrine can be used to save lives
by treating allergic reactions or asthma attacks
by narrowing the blood vessels, relaxing the
muscles, and opening up the airways.
GABA
Or it’s called Gamma-Aminobutyric acid. This
neurotransmitter helps with stress levels
and is made in the brain on the cellular level
using the enzyme, glutamate decarboxylase
which can also come from fermented foods
such as miso. GABA increases relaxation and
helps the body sleep well by blocking brain
signals to decrease activity in your nervous
system and prevent seizures by regulating
muscle tone. It is also called an inhibitory
neurotransmitter. There is limited research
on this neurotransmitter but studies are being
conducted on seeing how GABA can help with
lowering anxiety and getting better sleep.
47
ACETYLCHOLINE
Shortened to ACh, this neurotransmitter is so
important, it has its own system. ACh is the
most common neurotransmitter in the body
and throughout the central and peripheral
nervous systems, having both excitatory
and inhibitory functions. This chemical is
even found in plants and some bacteria.
It is important for activating muscles like
contracting and expanding the heart. ACh also
helps with cognitive function, notably memory
in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex, which
is why low levels lead to dementia. Medications
can treat this by blocking the enzymes that
break down acetylcholine so neuromuscular
and muscular strength improve. High levels
of acetylcholine can increase risk for heart
disease by causing low blood pressure.
Naturally, our body can increase levels with diet
since choline is found in many foods such as
meat, eggs, fruit, and whole grains. It is even
found in sugar so you can have a sweet treat or
a cup of coffee every once in a while. Experts
recommend having about 425 mg per day for
women and 550 mg for men. Interestingly,
Acetylcholine was the first neurotransmitter to
be discovered in 1936 awarding Sir Henry Dale
of London and Professor Otto Loewi from Graz
the Nobel Prize!
Even with classes being online, hopefully these
notes have helped you or sparked interest for
an indepth look. This concludes this series on
a quick general review of the nervous system!
In the next issue we’ll get into motion and how
the brain perceives it.
Speaking of, don’t forget to keep your
body moving once in a while so these
neurotransmitter levels can improve and keep
moving forward!
Stay healthy!
 NEURODIVERSITY PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
48 49

THE PICA & ASD CONNECTION: population, recruited from random sampling
the birth records. The prevalence of pica
behavior was observed by parent reporting.
MANAGING PICA
As of now, there is no scientifically proven
treatment for pica, and research in this

PERSPECTIVE & MANAGEMENT The research findings observed that pica was
typically common in children with ASD and
domain, with specific regards to ASD, is quite
limited and remains inconclusive. Historic
interventions have emphasized a range of
Written by: Barira Rashid / Edited by: Becki Wiggett / Artwork by: Jeremy Rodriguez diverse kinds of developmental disabilities. techniques to minimize or eradicate pica
Among the preschoolers, the pica was about behavior. Some of these are as follows:
28% in toddlers with ASD and ID. Whereas, • Nutrition supplements
WHAT IS PICA? 4. Intestinal problems, when they swallow about 14% in children who experienced ASD • Restricted access to dangerous pica
Pica is an eating disorder where a person toxic substances without ID, and almost 10% of children who items
consumes non-edible things. Usually, 5. Lead poisoning were intellectually disabled without ASD. In • Instructing the person to throw away and
toddlers and younger children chew or take- contrast, below 4% of the general population refrain from the harmful item.
in nonfood items (such as mud, grass toys, WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF PICA? experienced pica. It is to be noted that • Encouraging self-calming attitude
and miscellaneous non-eatable items) out of Pica is known to be experienced by people toddlers with developmental disabilities not • Keeping the environment safe from pica
curiosity. However, children or patients of pica with: categorized by neither ASD nor ID had shown objects
may go even further than that. There is a risk 1. Developmental disabilities (Autism a similar prevalence of pica as that of the • Replacing pica objects with similar, safe
of consuming hazardous items among the Spectrum Disorder or Intellectual general population. options (Matson et al., 2013).
patients of pica. This behavior may result in Disabilities),
various health problems. 2. Mental Disabilities (Schizophrenia or The health concerns regarding pica are It’s still unresolved which of the technique
OCD) dangerous and may lead to surgical mentioned above might be most useful,
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS 3. Stress and medical problems, ranging from although behavior-centered interventions are
People experiencing pica may consume any 4. Hunger or malnutrition gastrointestinal parasites to lead toxicity more widely validated in the studies. However,
or some of the following non-edible items: and nutritional deficiencies, even leading to considering the pica is probably going to
1. Clay Pica behavior improves as the child grows choking and poisoning, which can prove fatal. include several factors, contemporary
2. Pencils old. However, it prevails in people with mental approaches can be used to tackle the
3. Paper or intellectual disabilities. Based on the scientific data, the children behavior (Matson et al., 2011).
4. Erasers with ASD, developmental disabilities with
5. Crayons HOW ARE PICA & ASD RELATED? ID or autism symptoms, require specialized
6. Ice Victoria Fields and her colleagues at healthcare needs. They need to be provided
7. Dirt Epidemic Intelligences in the CDC’s Division with most medical benefits by careful
8. Stones of Congenital and Developmental Disorders monitoring and safety precautions to prevent
9. Chalks observed the relationship between the ASD pica hazards.
10. Paints patients and pica. The Study to Explore Early
11. Feces Development (SEED), a multi-site scale
12. Hair research that spanned over 2008-2016,
13. Coins included the children aged between three
to five years. The respondents comprised
Consequently, this may cause various health children with developmental disorders/
issues which include and are not limited to: intellectual disabilities (ID) (1794) and ASD
1. Anemia (1426) from different schools and clinics. The
2. Teeth and Mouth Injuries respondents were further subcategorized into
3. Digestive troubles like diarrhea, children without ASD symptoms (1223) and
constipation where the person takes those with other developmental disabilities
indigestible things (571). The research also incorporated a 1663
 PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
50 51

You may also consider taking the following CONCLUSION

steps to manage pica: Pica, a potentially fatal disorder, is commonly
observed in children with ASD or ID. Hence,
1. Discuss the pica condition with your the parents and healthcare service providers
child’s healthcare providers: need to monitor the child carefully, apply
As low zinc and iron can aggravate pica, relevant safety measures, and seek medical
your child may require a blood test to check assistance early if they notice them eating
nutritional deficits. The guidance from the any questionable items.
lab reports, you may need to improve the diet
and supplements. Pica can also cause dental,
gastrointestinal, and internal biological
mechanism discomforts. You must discuss
your child’s condition with a healthcare team
if you find the situation is worsening.

2. Inform caregivers and teachers

While you may not be able to supervise your
child at all times, you need to ensure they
stay away from the harmful objects. Hence,
you should inform the child’s teachers and
caretakers about its pica to ensure the child’s
safety.

3. ‘Pica-proof’ your home

You know what objects and items your child is
known to swallow, make sure to deep clean
your home and remove all the pica items
from your child’s sight.

4. Educate your child about edible and

nonedible things
You want your child to be able to avoid eating
harmful items, so you need to start educating Sources cited:
them on things that are safe to eat and the Fields V, et al. Prevalence of pica in preschoolers with and
ones that may cause problems. without autism spectrum disorder, study to explore early
development — United States, 2008-2016. Presented at:
5. Consult a behavior therapist Epidemic Intelligence Service Conference; April 29-May 2,
Consulting a behavior therapist to cater 2019; Atlanta.
to your child’s pica is quite beneficial. The
therapist will explain effective ways to reduce Matson, J. et al. (2013). Pica in persons with developmental
their urge to eat nonfood items. These disabilities: Approaches to Treatment. Research in
might include redirection, skill-building, and Developmental Disabilities 34, 2564-2571.
alternative behaviors.
https://www.cdc.gov/eis/conference/dpk/Prevalence_of_Pica_
in_Preschoolers.html
 PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
52 53

PSYCH2GO PSYCH2GO
T H E QU I Z TRU E O R FAL SE

1. Which treatment is favoured for Binge Eating Disorder (BED)?

1. Therapy is helpful for people with Binge Eating Disorder.
A) Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) C) Over Exercising
B) Crash Dieting D) Shaming

2. Which is NOT a neurotransmitter?

2. The idea of left brained/right brained people is a myth.
A) Serotonin B) Dopamine C) Glutamate D) Garamine

3. In 2005, how many Americans were admitted to a psychiatric forensic facility?

3. Severe calorie restriction helps reduce bingeing episodes.
A) 1/2000 B) 1/3000 C) 1/400 D) 1/110

4. What percentage of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) did the Study to
Explore Early Development (SEED) study find had pica? 4. There’s a strong connection between bullying and
eating disorders.
A) 13% B) 12% C) 20% D) 14%

PLEASE SEE ANSWERS ON PAGE 68

 COMIC SUBMISSION PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
54 55

Empathy
Comic By: Sheyenne Moore / Twitter @jittery_slob

We all know what it’s like to mess something

up and make a mistake. When that
embarrassment happens to another, it’s good
to put ourselves back in that place and be the
kind person, we wish we’d had back then.
 PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
56 MEDIA REVIEW 57

MOVIE REVIEW

THIRTEEN
Written by: Hannah Jade / Edited by: Dancia Susilo

THE MOVIE COMES WITH A WARNING

ABOUT THE THEMES, INCLUDING
IMPULSIVE BEHAVIOR, SEX AND DRUGS
AND NEGATIVE COPING MECHANISMS
The movie Thirteen focuses around the life of
two girls: Evie and Tracy.
Tracy befriends Evie, who has a lot of
childhood trauma. While she does lie a lot in
the movie, she has a newspaper article and
burn marks to show how her uncle abused
her when she was a child. She also has
trauma from her mother being a crack addict
and not being able to care for her. Overall she
grew up in an unstable environment filled
with trauma, the type of environment that
encourages the development of borderline
personality disorder.
The movie is morose so it comes with a
warning about the themes. Some of the
themes include impulsive behaviour, getting
involved in sex and drugs, as well as negative
coping mechanisms like self-harm.
It also plays with the idea of a favorite person,
though it isn’t called that in the movie. In a
lot of research about borderline personality
disorder, people experiencing the disorder
have a person who they become very attached
to and are terrified of being abandoned by
them. This is what Tracy is to Evie in this film,
and it makes sense given that they are very
attached to each other.
There is no treatment involved in this film
and it only shows what untreated symptoms
could potentially present as. Overall the film
is a good, although negative representation of
what BPD could appear to be if untreated and
OVERALL THE FILM WAS GOOD
the result of severe childhood trauma.
 PSYCH2GO
58
THOUGH THEY HAVE EXISTED SINCE
THE LATE 90’s AND EARLY 2000’s,
Smartphones didn’t start booming until just
before the 2010’s. They quickly changed how
we, as humans, interact with each other.
While clearly this applies to both friends
and family, it is only to be expected that the
internet and handheld smart-devices change
how people interact romantically too.
Written by: Kayleigh Herber / Edited by: Dancia Susilo
You may have gone on a date where your
possible romantic interest may have been
using their phone too much , or even laid in
bed with your partner, watching a show or
trying to have a conversation, while they were
engrossed in something taking place on their
phone. You may even have felt the pressure
to reply to your boss or friends while you
were out doing something together with your
partner. This interruption of activities is often
referred to as “technoference” – McDaniel
and Coyne (2016) aims to map how women
experience the effects of technoference in
today’s world.
As discussed, technoference is referred to
as the moment when any social interactions
such as conversations, mealtimes, and
leisure activities are interrupted by the use of
devices. This does not necessarily mean that
the other or the partner is always the person
using the device in this scenario. It also
relates to social pressure to reply when they
are contacted by someone as well.
Sources cited:
McDaniel, Brandon T., Sarah M. Coyne. (2016) “‘Technoference’: The interference of technology in couple relationships and
implications for women’s personal and relational well-being. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 5(1), 85-98.
PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
59
The women in the study (143 to be precise)
who experienced more technoference
also rated their relationship satisfaction
lower, and even reported more depressive
symptoms on average.
Interestingly, the duration or the intensity of
the moment of technoference did not seem
to matter all that much for the effect – brief
or even unintentional interruptions were
experienced in much the same negative light
as longer moments of interruption were.
Seeing someone distracted by their
phone while they are with you, or letting
yourself be distracted by your phone, may
(unintentionally) send signals about where
your priorities lie. This may also be why
people who experienced more technoference
rated their satisfaction lower. Either you
may be upset at your partner for using their
phone while they are with you, or you are
more likely to be distracted by your phone
when you are already less satisfied with the
relationship.
While it can be tricky to monitor your phone
use in a world where we are almost expected
to be available to everyone 24/7, the study by
McDaniel and Coyne suggests that it could do
your relationship a world of good if both you
and your partner put it on silent mode from
time to time.
 DEBUNKING PSYCHOLOGICAL MYTHS
60
Righties OR Lefties?
Written by: Kayleigh Herber / Edited by: Dancia Susilo / Artwork by: Maxine Gando
When it comes to moving our limbs, our bodies
are cross-wired. The left side of our brain
controls the right side of our body and vice versa.
The movement centre in the left half of the brain
has control over the right half of the body. In that
case, would the fact that 90% of people are right-
handed mean that most of us are left-brained?
Definitely not, but not for the reasons you may
expect. The persistent concept of left-brained and
right-brained people may not be as fixed as we
thought. While it is quite logical to assume that
we really need both sides to function properly,
some misunderstandings related to a number
of research projects lead to the idea that our
personality may arise from one of the halves of
our brain being more dominant than the other.
But where did the myth come from?
While the brain visually clearly split into two
halves, the structure in the middle that connects
them, the corpus callosum, is crucial to our
understanding of how it works. While our bodies
are generally speaking quite symmetrical, our
brains do have some specific areas that take care
of certain tasks. Let’s examine this with a little
case study.
In some severe cases of epilepsy, a procedure
known as corpus callosotomy – the cutting of the
corpus callosum – may be applied to prevent very
severe life-threatening seizures. During the 60’s,
Roger Sperry studied what changed in people
who had undergone this procedure. He noticed
that this last resort option was indeed effective
concerning the severe epileptic fits they were
treating. He also discovered that cutting of one
of the main communication channels between
the two halves of the brain reveals that both
halves have some specific tasks that they take
care of. For example, in most people the left half
contains the areas of Broca and Wernicke. These
PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
61
take care of producing and understanding verbal
language, respectively. Sperry found that the
right half processes emotional context to spoken
and written language. However the fact that
some areas specialise in certain things, most
personality- related functions or broad concepts
such as “creativity” or “ability to solve puzzles”
require many areas of the brain – both on the
left and the right – to work together. Thus, these
findings cannot immediately be extended to such
higher functions.
And more recently…
A 2013 Utah study by Nielsen and Zielinski
with around a 1000 participants found no
conclusive evidence for any of the participants
having a particular side be the dominant
one. Both musicians, artists, engineers, and
mathematicians used both sides of their brains
more or less equally. If the right-brain, left-brain
divide existed, you would have expected that
creative people showed a comparatively strong
activity in the right brain halves. Yet, this wasn’t
the case.
It may be kind of restrictive to divide people in
a two-sided framework. Even though you may
experience the traits traditionally associated
with either the left- or the right side of the
brain, this does not tell you anything about your
further potential. Being good at analytical tasks –
something that would traditionally be considered
a left-brain skill - does not have to say anything
about your potential to be creative or free-spirited
– traditionally seen as a right-brain trait. You can
be equally amazing at both.
For those who are interested in knowing more,
Elizabeth Waters held an interesting TEDtalk on
the subject which you can easily find online.
https://now.northropgrumman.com/the-left-brain-right-
Sources cited: brain-myth-is-it-true/#:~:text=The%20left%2Dbrain%20
https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/right-brainleft-brain- right%2Dbrain%20myth%20stems%20from%20the%20
right-2017082512222 common,brained%20people%20are%20more%20creative.
 ADVICE COLUMN
62
THE ADVICE COLUMN
Hello,
I am a 35 year old single lesbian female. I
have never been in a serious relationship
and did not have any positive healthy
relationship models in my childhood. I
fear I will be lonely my whole life when I
all ever wanted is to experience romantic
love. I have struggled with my weight and
confidence my whole life. I have never
felt good enough to attract a good fit for
me. I would love some advice on how to
discuss a plan to develop social skills
and build confidence and my self esteem
to find a romantic partner. I do see a
therapist weekly.
Thank you,
~M
Hi M,
I was quite sad to read that you have
never been in a serious relationship
and had neither any positive healthy
relationship models in your childhood
– nevertheless, allow me to emphasise
something your therapist will very likely
do so too:
It is never too late. Yes, you’ll need
a time to learn and realise that you
indeed are worthy like everyone else of
a loving romantic relationship. And yes,
teaching this to yourself and gradually
experiencing how a healthy loving
relationship feels like, will require
patience on your behalf. And that’s fine too.
You asked for advice on how to develop
social skills and build confidence and
your self-esteem to find a romantic
partner - easy:
1. Allow Yourself to Fuck Up:
You’re an independent, free woman.
You’re free to make choices, right ones,
wrong ones. And whatever choices you
make, you will not beat yourself up
anymore, or come down hard on yourself.
You’ll tell yourself instead: ‘Yeah I faux-
pas’d. So what? It’s ok!’
Realise that no faux-pas, no bitchy
comments from others (or indeed from
you yourself!), be it regarding your
weight, confidence or whatever, will
not diminish the value of your person.
Imbue this into your consciousness,
your heart, soul and deepest self.
With this change of attitude, you can’t
lose. Whatever outcome will be totally
fine, as you’re aware that it’s not going
to be you anymore kicking yourself
being supposedly not eloquent, thin or
confident enough.
Realise, that you’re a super woman. Also
realise you’re not superwoman: realise
you’re not perfect, but something much
better: you’re good enough, exactly the
way you are. Excellence Melissa, not
perfection. Once you see and start to
experience this, that the sheer plethora
of expectations and (eg. beauty-) ideals
imposed on you by others, the media or
by yourself are unrealistic, unhelpful
and irrelevant within just the few next
years, you’ll feel more comfortable and
confident in yourself – then soon will others.
PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
2. Practise.
I kid you not. My job as a therapist is to
nudge my clients out of their comfort
zone, especially if it doesn’t serve
them well. So, get out there and start
the practice of talking to people. Pick
girls. Chat them up. Flirt. Some will
say no. Some will say yes. Experience
how perfectly fine either is. Because
remember, neither response will
diminish the value of your person. Trust
yourself, your vulnerabilities, your
instinct. And enjoy your new learning
trajectory.
Now go out there and get your girl M.
She’s out there, trust me.
No, trust YOU!
HAL
DEVELOP SOCIAL
SKILLS AND BUILD
CONFIDENCE AND
SELF-ESTEEM TO
FIND A ROMANTIC
PARTNER
TRUST
YOURSELF!
63
Hello there, Psych2Go Advice Column!
I’ve been burdened with poor emotional
management for the past few years now,
particularly with anger. Even the most
minor of nuisances can set me off into
a rage, but I normally try and bottle it
up when there are people around me. In
private, though, I hit items, pull my hair,
hit myself, and cry.
I want to alleviate myself of this, but
I’m scared that my family would not be
able to sympathize with my problems.
There have been several occasions
where they dismissed my emotions (not
necessarily anger) as “drama.” There
were also times where they refused to
afford therapy for me because it’s “too
expensive.” What do I do?
Hey there
Rarely do I start these letters with a
guarantee – here it’s apt to do so: I
can guarantee you that your family
dismissing your emotions as “drama”
and refusing therapy for you because it’s
“too expensive” is correlated. Frankly, I’d
be pissed off too if my own family would
not take seriously what I go through
emotionally and would deem it not worth
spending money on my mental health!
Second guarantee: you state you’re
scared that your family would not be able
to sympathize with your problems – I
agree. Your parents themselves are very
likely to have had an upbringing were
emotions were either not considered,
ignored even. If you’re able to observe
your grandparents, this might shed some
light on that emotional desolate place
 ADVICE COLUMN
64
- otherwise you’d have never thought it
necessary to bottle up your rage at the
first place.
However, the more you bottle up your
feelings, the more it’ll fester into a
full-blown mental illness. So, don’t.
Instead, pick a mosh-pit. I’m serious:
see to express your anger, without
seriously harming anyone - particularly
yourself. Turn your rage into something
constructive, creative even: do you like
to write, paint, go to concerts, sing (or
scream, depending on genre)?
Also, I hear Slipknot are touring again,
listen also into Sepultura, Anaal Nathrakh
and Diamanda Galás: they are all angry
people, full of rage, just like you. But they,
unlike you so far, have turned their rage
into the most awesome music, melodies,
chords, books even (Corey Taylor has
used his rage as a diverse resource since
he was a tiny teenager!). Listen to their
music, crank it up, mosh in your room
– or even better, join the many others
who are pissed off just like you and go to
gigs together. As the old proverb goes: “a
trouble shared is a trouble halved.” This
works with rage too, trust me.
OH, YOUR PARENTS ARE COMPLAINING
ABOUT THE NOISE FROM YOUR ROOM NOW?
TOUGH!
PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
65
Oh, your parents are complaining about
the noise from your room now? Tough!
They ignored you and your rage to date,
they can try ignoring Taylor, Cavalera,
Hunt and Galás (aka “The Mike Tyson of
the voice”).
Alternatively: they start listening to you
and your rage. See if you can offer them
that option and begin to open up lines of
Have a question for our team?
communication, it’d be another way to
alleviate yourself of the pent up rage. Fact
is, your feelings are valid. Why? Because
Feel free to email us at
you are. Your parents might have made
the choice to ignore these, you haven’t.
And good on you. Be angry. Be.
PSYCH2GOADVICE@GMAIL.COM
( Fuck it, crank it up anyway, you’ll piss
off your parents, your neighbours, but
no more minor nuisances will set you off
anymore, but instead you’ll end up with
a cool circle of friends – all balm to your
soul. Tell them it’s therapist’s order and
rock on!!! )
HAL
 PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
66 67

More Specific Mental Health Lines:

USA  UK
Depression: 1-630-482-9696 Childline
Suicide: 1-800-784-8433  (for anyone under 18 with any problem):
LIFELINE: 1-800-273-8255  08001111 
Trevor Project: 1-866-488-7386  Mind infoline: 0300 123 3393
Sexuality Support: 1-800-246-7743  info@mind.org.uk 
Eating Disorders: 1-847-831-3438  Mind Legal Advice: 0300 466 6463
Rape and Sexual Assault: 1-800-656-4673  legal@mind.org.uk 
Grief: 1-650-321-5272  Eating Disorders: 0845 634 14 14
Runaway: 1-800-843-5200, 1-800-843- help@b-eat.co.uk 
5678, 1-800-621-4000 Eating Disorders (for under age 25):
Artwork by: Jeffrey Bigelow Post Abortion: 1-866-4394253  08456347650
Child Abuse: 1-800-422-4453  Bereavement: 08444779400
helpline@cruse.org.uk 
Mental Health Crisis Lines India Frank (information and advice on drugs):
Suicide Hotlines by Country: Self Harm:00 08001006614 0800776600 
Suicide: 022-27546669  Drinkline: 0800 9178282 
Argentina: 54-0223-493-0430  Israel: 09-8892333  Rape Crisis England & Wales: 0808 802
Australia: 13-11-14  Italy: 06-705-4444  Canada 9999 1
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Barbados: 429-9999  Latvia: 6722-2922, 2772-2292  Rape Crisis Scotland: 08088 01 03 02  
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Botswana: 391-1270 (Singapore: 1-800-221-4444) 
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Croatia: 01-4833-888  Nicaragua: 505-268-6171 
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Czech Republic: 222-580-697, Philippines: 02-896-9191 
476-701-908  Poland: 52-70-000 
Denmark: 70-201-201  Portugal: 239-72-10-10 
Egypt: 762-1602  Russia: 8-20-222-82-10 
Estonia: 6-558-088  Spain: 91-459-00-50 
Finland: 040-5032199  South Africa: 0861-322-322 
France: 01-45-39-4000  South Korea: 2-715-8600 
Germany: 0800-181-0721  Sweden: 031-711-2400 
Greece: 1018  Switzerland: 143 
Guatemala: 502-234-1239  Taiwan: 0800-788-995 
Holland: 0900-0767  Thailand: 02-249-9977  Mental Helpline Provided By:
Honduras: 504-237-3623  Trinidad and Tobago: 868-645-2800 
Hungary: 06-80-820-111  Ukraine: 0487-327715 riseandtry.tumblr.com
Iceland: 44-0-8457-90-90-90 
 PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
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P S Y C H 2 G O
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 TESTIMONIALS PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
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Psych2Go’s
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READER TESTIMONIALS Psych2Go Issue 1

Hello, Hi!

Honestly I think that you guys had an amazing
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 PSYCH2GO—ISSUE 18
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OUR CONTRIBUTORS
The Contributors & Digital Research Team: Quiz:
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Carolyn McCormick—U.S. (North Carolina) To our magazine patrons, thank you so much
for continuing to support us!
Writers: The PSYCH2GO magazine is quarterly, coming out roughly four times a year,
Gabriel Taylor Gretchen Lyons to ensure we can create the very best magazine for you. We want to make
Hannah Jade L. Ruth Shepard this magazine the best psychology, the best science, and the best educational
Risha Mae Ordas Gabriel Taylor magazine out there.
Imogen Bowler Christopher Hopwood
Kayleigh Herber Tanya Cotton Everyone involved works incredibly hard, and are a major part of the PSYCH2GO
Larissa Grundmanis Feiyin Chen community. They are all vital to the running of the magazine, and we wouldn’t
Jessica Jang Maddy B. be here without them! We also wouldn’t be here without you guys, by buying the
Paige Keir Xuechen Yuan magazine at our webstore (www.psych2go.shop), and pledging to the Patreon
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Barira Rashid Valentin Martinez Martinez we want to say a huge THANKS! If you have any feedback or suggestions, please
WJ Cho get in touch (imogen@psych2go.net)! We truly hope you enjoyed this issue of the
Editors: Jolene Yao PSYCH2GO Magazine, make sure to check out the next!
Dancia Susilo Tia Profitt
Becki Wiggett Summer Seeds
William Raabe
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Tracey Thurzina Radford
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Sohania Maratita—sohainamaratita.com Rob McKnight
Mohamed Osama—behance.com/MoMarrwan Thordis Okoro
Dancia Susilo—danciaks.com
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