SGT UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

Bachelor of Computer Application (Cloud Computing)

Design And Development Application of Cloud Lab
Batch: 2019-2023
Subject Code: 13450609

Submitted to: Submitted by:

Dr. Prateek Jain Ashutosh Kumar
Assistant Professor Roll no.: 191345031
CSE Sem.: 6th Semester
 INDEX
S.No. Experiment Name Sign

1 Installation of VMWare on Hands on Lab.

2 Installation of Virtual machine using virtual box on

windows.

3 How To Create Cloud Storage Using Owncloud.

4 Case Study: Microsoft Azure.

5 Case Study: Google App Engine.

6 Study How to manage Cloud Computing Resources.

7 Study about existing cloud characteristics and service

models.
 Experiment 1
Installation of VMWare on Hands on Lab.

Step 1:
Create a user account on VMware HOL.

Step 2:
Login into VMware HOL.

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Step 3:
Go for the lab module virtualization 101 and enroll in virtualization 101.

Step 4:

Go to start this lab. After that click on start lab.

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Step 5:

Open the browser of guest O.S. for the creation of VM client.

Step 6:

Open the browser of guest OS for the creation of VM client. And login into the browser
of VMware.

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 Step 7:

Now we are working locally as a VM client.

Step 7.1:

Now we got actions. Click on New Virtual machine and Create it.

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 Step 7.2:

Go to Next Machine Now it will ask for the name of Virtual Machine And click next.

Step 7.4:

Select a compute Resource.

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Step 7.5:

Select storage specially select VMFs because the virtual machine has different file structure.

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Step 7.6:

Select compatibility Generally we use updated version of Esxi 6.7 update 2 and later.

Step 7.7:

Select a guest OS and Select Linux.

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Step 7.8:

Customize Hardware CPU-1 Core And Memory - 2 Gb

Step 7.9:

Ready to complete. It will contain a brief description of what we have done till
now. It will show your VM1 OS.

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 Experiment 2
Installation of Virtual Machine on windows using virtual box.
Steps to Create Virtual Machine
1. Click the 'New' button to open a dialog.

2. Select the maximum disk size and type.

3. Accept the default 'Create a virtual hard drive now' and click the 'Create' button.

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4. Continue to accept the default 'VDI' drive file type and click 'Next' button.

5. Change the storage type from the default 'Dynamically allocated' to 'Fixed size' to
increase performance.

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6. Give File location and size.

7. Click the 'Create' button and VirtualBox will generate an Ubuntu virtual machine.

8. Now the virtual machine is created. We are ready to install Ubuntu on this virtual
machine. Select your new virtual machine and click the 'Settings' button. Click on
'Storage' category and then 'Empty' under Controller:IDE. Click the "CD/DVD" icon on
the right hand side and select the Ubuntu ISO file to mount.

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9. Click OK and go Back to Oracle VM VirtualBox Manager, click on the new Ubuntu
virtual machine and hit the 'Start' button. Now you shall see a 'Welcome' screen. Click
'Install Ubuntu' button.

10. Click the 'Continue' button.

11. Make sure the 'Erase disk and install Ubuntu' option is selected and click the 'Install Now'
button.

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12. In 'Who are you?' dialog, enter your preferred name, username and password. Note that
this user will have root/sudo privilege. Click the 'Continue' button.

13. After installation is complete, click the 'Restart Now' button. When you see a screen with
a black background saying 'Please remove installation media and close the tray (if any)
then press ENTER:', just follow it.

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14. Enter the password you have chosen and press 'Enter'.

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 Experiment No. 3

How To Create Cloud Storage Using Owncloud

1- Go to the website of Docker and click Get Started.

2- In an option called Docker Desktop click download according to the OS of the system.

3- Then right click the downloaded setup and run as administrator.

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4- Installation after completed one needs to login to their system again.

5- Open Docker and then Accept the service agreement

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6- Now Open Docker

7- Go to the site for OwnCloud and click Get Started

8- In OwnCloud documentation under Installation option select Installing With Docker. The
following command starts a docker container with the name "oc-eval" in the background. Open
command prompt as admin and run the command
docker run --rm --name oc-eval -d -e OWNCLOUD_DOMAIN=localhost:8080 -p8080:8080
owncloud/server

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Now Docker is running.

9- When the installation is completed select Allow access in Defender. In Containers the
OwnCloud server with port 8080 is installed. There are options to open, pause, resume, delete it.

10- Open it and enter the default username and password ‘admin’.

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 EXPERIMENT NO. 4
Case Study: Microsoft azure.

Cloud Computing as an Infrastructure Case Study- Microsoft Azure

ABSTRACT:-
In recent years, the cloud has achieved an immense popularity in the world of tech. This has
provided new and improved strategies for cost reduction, and for ensuring better utilization of
cloud resources.
Implementation of this model is continuously increasing in numerous businesses ,due to the many
benefits that the companies are attaining. These cloud resources can belong to either the
infrastructure or platform model.
A vast attention has been directed towards the virtualization technology, because the cloud is
largely relied upon. With the help of virtualization, one can quickly download apps or websites
from the cloud.
In order to yield the full potential of the cloud, companies should migrate all their current
applications to the cloud, and in order to do that- only an internet connection is required.
Migration of the existing systems to a scalable cloud solution, can reduce hardware related costs,
such as : servers, installation of operating system, database and license system costs, deployment
of database products , and finally employment of professional staff to develop and maintain the
system.
This research attempts to study and analyze Microsoft Azure, in particular the virtual machine -
as part of its infrastructure. The main priority lies in establishing a secure cloud data storage
system.
Key words: Cloud computing, Microsoft Azure, Virtual Machines, Resources, Cost

INTRODUCTION:-
The Windows Azure platform is one of the key pillars of Microsoft Cloud, which transforms the
traditional data center, helps businesses maintain data anywhere, enables the development of a
wide range of modern business applications, while making it possible for IT to support users (who
work anywhere, remotely on any device ) to manage these devices in a safe and consistent way.
With Microsoft Azure, you can access new servers that allow uploading within seconds, minutes
rather than waiting for days or weeks to get new hardware in one's data center. In most cases,
many Azure actions are performed automatically without human involvement, nor interaction.
Cloud Computing is a term that does not describe one single thing - but it is a term that
incorporates a variety of infrastructure-based services as a service, through platforms as a
development tool, and through software as a service that replaces traditional applications.
1. Types of cloud services:-
Cloud service models describe how users can use these services. The basic cloud service models
include a combination of IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service), PaaS (Platform as a Service), and
SaaS (Software as a Service). These service models may have interaction between each other and
may be dependent on each other; for example PaaS is dependent on IaaS because the application
platform requires physical infrastructure.

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1.1. SaaS (Software as a service):
SaaS is the software ,whose function is to provide network applications that can usually be
accessed by traditional browsers. This is a model of cloud services where users unlike other
models, have ready-made environments where their projects will be accomplished either for
personal or business purposes. SaaS software is usually licensed through a monthly or annual
subscription.
Office 365, is a typical model that SaaS offers. Prepaid users, are always equipped with the latest
version. All the cost for installment and updating of the software, fall upon the companies that
provide these cloud services.
Other SaaS examples are: Microsoft One Drive, Dropbox, Wordpress and Amazon Kindle.

1.2. PaaS (Platform as a Service):

This is a model where different services are provided- such as databases, different operating
systems, web servers, etc. Different software developers, as well as individuals or companies use
PaaS so that they can utilize the borrowed environment as a service to operate their cloud
software without having to invest in their technology and other hardware and software adaptation
activities.
PaaS can be defined as a computer platform that enables the creation of easy-to access network
applications without the complexity of software purchase and maintenance. PaaS is similar to
SaaS, except here, rather than being the software presented in network , this is a platform for
software creation that appears on the network.
Some examples of PaaS include the Google App Engine, Microsoft Azure services and the
Force.com platform.

1.3. IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service):

Provides the basic model of cloud computing services on which all services are performed. In this
model, users have physical technology such as processors, data storage space, or network access
so that they can be implemented as required. The required physical devices are linked and
configured to the cloud space reserved to create the 'so called' Virtual Machine.
The customer here does not manage or control the basic cloud infrastructure but has control over
the operating systems, where data and apps are stored. What users gain with IaaS is the
infrastructure at the top of which they can install any necessary platform. Users are responsible
for updating them, if new versions are released. Examples of companies that offer the IaaS model
are: Amazon Web Services (AWS), Cisco Metapod, Microsoft Azure, Google Compute Engine
(GCE), Joyent.

2. Microsoft Azure:
Cloud-based Windows Azure Services are:
∙ Computer services
∙ Network Services

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∙ Data services
∙ Application Services

2.1.1. Computer Services:

Windows Azure Computer Services provide the power needed to process applications that will
run on the cloud. Windows Azure currently offers four different services:
∙ Virtual machines - This service provides a general purpose environment that allows to create,
deploy, and manage virtual machines in the Windows Azure cloud.
∙ Web sites - This service provides a managed network environment that can be used to create
new web pages or to send existing business clouds to your site.
∙ Cloud services - This service enables building and deploying low-cost administration
applications using almost any programming language. ∙ Mobile services - This service provides a
solution for building and deploying applications and storing data on mobile devices.

3. Virtual machines:
Azure's Virtual Machines (VMs) are one of the major functions of Azure's IaaS capabilities along
with Virtual Networks. Virtual Machines support the use of a Windows or Linux server in the
Microsoft Azure database. There is full control of VM configuration here. Azure Virtual
Machines allow the creation and use of virtual machines in the cloud. By providing the what is
known as "Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)" , virtual machine technology can be used in various
ways including: -
∙ Virtual development and testing machines
∙ Executing cloud applications
∙ Expanding the cloud data center
∙ Treatment of critical data in case of disaster in business.
Other benefits to be considered for VMs include:-
∙ pay as much as you use:- Azure requires a price per hour based on the size and operating
system of the VM. For partial hours, Azure only requires you to pay for the minutes of use. The
use of the storage server is charged separately.
∙ Elasticity:- Azure monitors the physical hardware that holds any VM that is in operation. If a
physical VM server fails, Azure notes this, moves VM to a new hardware and reboots VM. This
process is sometimes called a 'healing service'.
Like other virtual machines an VM in Azure has an operating system, storage system and network
capabilities and can run a variety of applications. If we want to store an image, we can use one
provided by Azure or one of our own.
Examples include various versions, variances and configurations of: Linux Servers such as SUSE,
Ubuntu and CentOS, Windows Server, SQL Server, BizTalk Server, and SerSharePoint Server.

3.1. Creating a virtual machine:-

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The process of creating a virtual machine passes through several phases where you initially need
to open the account on the page and after all the services offered by azure, we choose to access
the Virtual machines (classic) option as follows:

Figure 1: Creating a virtual machine.

In the above figure we choose the Add button, and then the Windows Server option, Windows
Server 2008 R2 SP1 (or another), the Classic option and the Create button and fill in the text box
with the Host name (for example, with name fidan), Username and Password. After its creation,
the appearance will appear as follows.

Figure 2: Virtual Machine Created

To connect to this machine from the desktop computer, you must download the remote desktop
connection (Figure 3) to the desktop and then follow the Connect button to the next figure (Figure

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4).

3.2. Virtual machines series:

From the options we have, from computing there are the A series of virtual machines that give the
highest value. D Series virtual machines provide the best performance type using local SSD, and
G series virtual machines have the largest memory and a faster CPU. Currently, these are the
largest virtual machines within the public network.
3.2.1. Virtual Machine Series A:
They present the right solution for standard uploads; when we do not need large amounts of CPU
and local SSD operation. They offer the possibility of a basic and standard option.
The basic option allows the use of the virtual machine A, and by not using the uploading balance
at a time, it reduces the price. This is a general form of loading.

In addition, there is a set of virtual machines A: A8 and A9 that bring the highest performance,
the lowest latency of the network and which can perform a good uploading performance.
Establishing the connection between machines that allow different applications at a time of less
than ten milliseconds, is possible here and is not allowed in a typical hardware.

3.2.2. Virtual Machine Series D:-

They are approximately 60% faster than series A. Newer CPUs, greater amount of memory, and
the use of 112 gigabytes of memory that have local SSD allow a perfect workload. These can be
found in all regions of Azure.

3.2.3. Virtual Machine Series D:-

They present the most optimized way to load data. Up to 32 CPUs and up to half a terabyte of
RAM in the virtual machine can be used. Series G is also the series that enables the attachment of
64 individual disks, thus enabling a total storage capacity of 64 terabytes. Apart from the type of
series, virtual machines can be divided even by level as: basic and standard. VMs at the
underlying level are suitable for jobs that do not require upload balancing or auto-ignition
capability. VMs at standard level support all configurations and concepts of the Azure Virtual
Machines.

Within the basic and standard levels, there are different sizes of VMs. VM Series A belong to the
traditional sizes that have been pioneering since the Azure Virtual Machines were introduced for
the first time. The D Series of VMs were presented in September 2014 and they feature faster
processors and solid state drives (SSD) for temporary physical disks.

When a VM is created, it will be equipped with two disks: an OS disk that is permanently stored

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in the Azure blob storage and a temporary disk. The temporary drive is a physical disk placed on
the server. Virtual machines use virtual hard disks (VHDs) to maintain their operating system
(OS) and data. VHDs are also used for images that you can choose to install an OS.

The overall management of VMs is primarily the responsibility of the user. The Microsoft Azure
platform will ensure that the VMs is accessible from the outside. Moreover, the user can do
whatever they want. Configuring and managing VMs can be done through a standard desktop
remote or through a remote connection using PowerShell. Virtual machines are measured in hours
of use, so that we can save
money by 'unplugging' the virtual machine when we're not using it. VMs stand on the physical
servers located in the Microsoft Azure data center. As with most physical devices there is a
chance that there may be some failure. If the physical server fails, the VMs and Azure located on
that server will fail. If such a failure occurs, the Azure platform will try to quickly find a secure
server in which VMs' reconstruction will take place. This service process can take several
minutes. During this, applications placed on that VMs will not be available.

In addition to hardware failures, the VMs may also be affected by periodic updates initiated by
the Azure Platform itself. Microsoft will periodically improve the operating system in which VMs
are operating. During these updates, the VMs will be restored and therefore will be temporarily
unavailable.

To avoid a single failure point, it is recommended to place at least two instances of VMs. In fact,
Azure offers a Service Level Agreement (SLA) only when two or more VMs are placed in a set of
availability. This is a logical concept that is used to ensure that a set of VMs that are connected
between them are not all located at a single point of failure so they do not need to be all upgraded
at once . The first two VMs placed in an availability set are divided into two different domains of
failure by ensuring that a single point of failure does not affect all at the same time. Similarly, the
first five VMs placed in a set of availability are divided into five different update domains,
minimizing the impact when the Azure platform carries out any updates to the operating systems.

4. Conclusions:-
Computing in cloud computing makes it a reality. Organizations can currently only pay for what
they use. This enables a reduction in investment in IT and leads to more efficient use of the data
center. However, the economic benefits of using cloud services are attracting organizations where
their current systems need improvements.
Some cloud providers make it stand out between the existing and cloud data center. While Azure,
which easily integrates into the existing IT environment through the broader network of secure
private connections, database, warehouse choices, and encryption features, can put things
into place. With the Azure Set you can bring the application development model
and placement in the data center. With Azure's choice we will have these
advantages: more IT options, less complexity and lower cost. That is why Azure is
one of the best cloud service services available.

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 EXPERIMENT NO. 5
Case Study: Google App Engine.

Google App Engine (often referred to as GAE or simply App Engine, and also used by the
acronym GAE/J) is a platform as a service (PaaS) cloud computing platform for developing and
hosting web applications in Google-managed data centers. Applications are sandboxed and run
across multiple servers. App Engine offers automatic scaling for web applications—as the number
of requests increases for an application, App Engine automatically allocates more resources for
the web application to handle the additional demand. Google App Engine is free up to a certain
level of consumed resources. Fees are charged for additional storage, bandwidth, or instance
hours required by the application. It was first released as a preview version in April 2008, and
came out of preview in September 2011.

Runtimes and frameworks

Currently, the supported programming languages are Python, Java (and, by extension, other JVM
languages such as Groovy, JRuby, Scala, Clojure, Jython and PHP via a special version
ofQuercus), and Go. Google has said that it plans to support more languages in the future, and
that the Google App Engine has been written to be language independent.

Reliability and Support

All billed High-Replication Datastore App Engine applications have a 99.95% uptime SLA

Portability Concerns
Developers worry that the applications will not be portable from App Engine and fear being
locked into the technology. In response, there are a number of projects to create open-source back-
ends for the various proprietary/closed APIs of app engines, especially the datastore. Although
these projects are at various levels of maturity, none of them is at the point where installing and
running an App Engine app is as simple as it is on Google’s service. AppScale and TyphoonAE
are two of the open source efforts.
AppScale can run Python, Java, and Go GAE applications on EC2 and other cloud vendors.

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TyphoonAE can run python App Engine applications on any cloud that supports linux machines.
Web2py web framework offers migration between SQL Databases and Google App Engine,
however it doesn’t support several App Engine-specific features such as transactions and
namespaces.

Differences with other application hosting

Compared to other scalable hosting services such as Amazon EC2, App Engine provides more
infrastructure to make it easy to write scalable applications, but can only run a limited range of
applications designed for that infrastructure.
App Engine’s infrastructure removes many of the system administration and development
challenges of building applications to scale to hundreds of requests per second and beyond.
Google handles deploying code to a cluster, monitoring, failover, and launching application
instances as necessary.
While other services let users install and configure nearly any *NIX compatible software, App
Engine requires developers to use only its supported languages, APIs, and frameworks. Current
APIs allow storing and retrieving data from a BigTable non-relational database; making HTTP
requests; sending email; manipulating images; and caching. Existing web applications that require
a relational database will not run on App Engine without modification.
Per-day and per-minute quotas restrict bandwidth and CPU use, number of requests served,
number of concurrent requests, and calls to the various APIs, and individual requests are
terminated if they take more than 60 seconds or return more than 32MB of data.

Differences between SQL and GQL

Google App Engine’s datastore has a SQL-like syntax called “GQL”. GQL intentionally does not
support the Join statement, because it seems to be inefficient when queries span more than one
machine. Instead, one-to-many and many-to-many relationships can be accomplished using
ReferenceProperty(). This shared-nothing approach allows disks to fail without the system failing.
Switching from a relational database to the Datastore requires a paradigm shift for developers
when modeling
their data.
Unlike a relational database the Datastore API is not relational in the SQL sense. The Java version
supports asynchronous non-blocking queries using the Twig Object Datastore interface. This
offers an alternative to using threads for parallel data processing.

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 Experiment No. 6
Study How to manage Cloud Computing Resources.

Resource management:
It is the process of allocating computing storage, networking and resources to a set of
applications, cloud service providers and cloud users.

Types of Resources:
1. Compute Resources - A compute resource is an object that represents a host, host cluster, or
pool in a virtualization platform, a virtual datacenter, or an Amazon region on which machines
can be provisioned.
2. Network Resources - Elements of hardware, software or data that are related to networks,
which can be, for example, servers and printers in the network.
3. Power Resources - the relation between power and energy, and to comprehend their
management techniques, some related terminology must be identified.

Cloud Resource Management :

-Requires complex policies and decisions for multi objective optimization. -It is challenging i.e.
the complexity of the system makes it impossible to have accurate global state information.
-Affected by unpredictable interactions with the environment, e.g. system failures, attacks.
-Cloud service providers are faced with large fluctuating loads which challenge the claim of
cloud elasticity.

Cloud resource management (CRM) policies:

1. Admission control - prevent the system from accepting workload in violation of high-level
system policies.
2. Capacity allocation activations of a service - allocate resources for individual
3. Load balancing - distribute the workload evenly among the servers.
4. Energy optimization - minimization of energy consumption.
5. Quality of service (QoS) guarantees ability to satisfy timing or other conditions specified by
a Service Level Agreement.
1. Resource Provisioning:
Provision of discover and selection of resources according to different types of cloud:
1. Public cloud - In a private cloud, a business has access to infrastructure in the cloud that is
not shared with anyone else.
2. Private cloud - In a public cloud, individual businesses share on premise and access to basic
computer infrastructure (servers, storage, networks, development platforms etc.) provided by a
CSP.
3. Hybrid cloud - In a hybrid cloud, a company’s cloud deployment is split Resource
management:
It is the process of allocating computing storage, networking and resources to a set of
applications, cloud service providers and cloud users.

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Types of Resources:
1. Compute Resources - A compute resource is an object that represents a host, host cluster, or
pool in a virtualization platform, a virtual datacenter, or an Amazon region on which machines
can be provisioned.
2. Network Resources - Elements of hardware, software or data that are related to networks,
which can be, for example, servers and printers in the network. 3. Power Resources - the relation
between power and energy, and to comprehend their management techniques, some related
terminology must be identified.

Cloud Resource Management :

-Requires complex policies and decisions for multi objective optimization. -It is challenging i.e.
the complexity of the system makes it impossible to have accurate global state information.
-Affected by unpredictable interactions with the environment, e.g. system failures, attacks.
-Cloud service providers are faced with large fluctuating loads which challenge the claim of
cloud elasticity.

Cloud resource management (CRM) policies:

1. Admission control - prevent the system from accepting workload in violation of high-level
system policies.
2. Capacity allocation activations of a service - allocate resources for individual
3. Load balancing - distribute the workload evenly among the servers.
4. Energy optimization - minimization of energy consumption.
5. Quality of service (QoS) guarantees ability to satisfy timing or other conditions specified by
a Service Level Agreement.

1. Resource Provisioning:
Provision of discover and selection of resources according to different types of cloud:
1. Public cloud - In a private cloud, a business has access to infrastructure in the cloud that is
not shared with anyone else.
2. Private cloud - In a public cloud, individual businesses share on premise and access to basic
computer infrastructure (servers, storage, networks, development platforms etc.) provided by a
CSP.
3. Hybrid cloud - In a hybrid cloud, a company’s cloud deployment is split between public and
private cloud infrastructure. Sensitive data remains within the private cloud where high security
standards can be maintained.
4. Community cloud - Community clouds are a recent variation on the private cloud model that
provide a complete cloud solution for specific business communities.

2. Resource Scheduling:
In cloud computing two levels of scheduling are:
1. Job Scheduling - Job scheduling is the process where different tasks get executed at
predetermined time or when the right event happens.

2. Task Scheduling - The Task Scheduler service allows you to perform automated tasks on a

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chosen computer. With this service, you can schedule any program to run at a convenient time
for you or when a specific event occurs.

3. Resource Monitoring:
Monitor the client/cloud subscriber and availability of resources. Various aspect are consider for
resource monitoring are:
1. Resource Demand Profiling - The key objective in this approach is to pre-define the
resource requirements or resource profile for a project based upon a set of variables.

2.Resource Utilization Estimation - Resource utilization is a KPI that measures performance

and effort over an amount of available time (or capacity).

3. Workload Management - Workload management is defined as the process of distributing

work among your team members, while tracking their utilization and performance.

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 Experiment No. 7
Study about existing cloud characteristics and service models.

Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to
a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage,
applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal
management effort or service provider interaction.
Five essential characteristics of cloud computing:
The essential characteristics can be elaborated as follows:
• On-demand self-service: Cloud computing resources can be provisioned without human
interaction from the service provider. In other words, a manufacturing organization can
provision additional computing resources as needed without going through the cloud service
provider. This can be a storage space, virtual machine instances, database instances, and so on.

• Broad network access: Cloud computing resources are available over the network and can be
accessed by diverse customer platforms. It other words, cloud services are available over a
network—ideally a high broadband communication link—such as the internet, or in the case of a
private clouds it could be a local area network (LAN).

• Resource pooling: Resource pooling means that multiple customers are serviced from the
same physical resources. Providers’ resource pool should be very large and flexible enough to
service multiple client requirements and to provide for economy of scale. When it comes to
resource pooling, resource allocation must not impact performances of critical manufacturing
applications.

• Rapid elasticity: Resources are provisioned and released on-demand and/or automated based
on triggers or parameters. This will make sure your application will have exactly the capacity it
needs at any point of time.

• Measured service: Cloud computing resources usage is metered and manufacturing

organizations pay accordingly for what they have used. Resource utilization can be optimized by
leveraging charge-per-use capabilities.

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