Professional Documents
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Disaster NSG Micro Teaching
Disaster NSG Micro Teaching
By the end of the class the group will be able to acquire knowledge about disaster nursing, improving the
skills in managing the clients in disaster situation.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: By the end of the class the group will be able to
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SPECIFIC TIME CONTENT TEACHING/ EVALUATION
OBJECTIVES LEARNING
ACTIVITY
DISASTER NURSING
Introduces the Teacher:
topic of disaster INTRODUCTION introduces
nursing topic with
Disaster is an occurrence arising with little or no good example
warning, which causes serious disruption of life and Student:
Shows interest
perhaps death or injury to large number of people.
It is may be a man made or natural event that causes
destruction and devastation which cannot be relieved
without assistance.
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DEFINITIONS: using OHP
transparencies
“DISASTER is any occurrence that causes damage, Students:
economic destruction, loss of human life and deterioration watches the
OHP listens
in health and health services on a scale sufficient to
carefully
warrant an extraordinary response from outside the
affected community or area”
WHO (2009)
Stanhope
IGNOU BOOK
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An occurrence of a severity and magnitude that normally
results in death, injuries and property damage that cannot
be managed through the routine procedure and resources
of government. What is the
define disaster
definition of
nursing FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency) Teacher: disaster
Explains
United Nations defines disaster is the occurrence of a nursing?
definition by
sudden or major misfortune which disrupts the basic fabric using OHP
and normal functioning of a society or community. transparencies
Students:
watches the
DISASTER NURSING OHP listens
carefully
1. “It can be defined as the adaptation of professional
nursing skills in recognizing and meeting the nursing,
physical and emotional needs resulting from a disaster”.
W.H.O
2. “Disaster Nursing is nursing practiced in a situation
where professional supplies, equipment, physical facilities
and utilities are limited or not available”.
CLASSIFICATION OF DISASTERS:
According to WHO:
I. Natural Disasters
II. Human Made Disasters
III. Other Disasters
NATURAL DISASTERS:
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Disasters which occurs naturally are further divided into
Acute Disaster
Chronic Disaster
Acute Disaster is sudden in onset. Eg:-
Earthquakes, cyclone, tsunami, floods, epidemics of
water, food, vector borne diseases, person-to-person
transmission of diseases.
Chronic and slow Disasters: - Eg:- drought,
famine, deforestation, chronic exposure to toxic
substances.
HUMAN MADE DISASTERS:
OTHER DISASTERS:
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Such as the effects of loose polices which allow the
Use of tobacco
Sale of harmful drugs
Uncontrolled use of pesticides and so on
TYPES OF DISASTERS:
EARTHQUAKE:
FLOODS:
Mortality is high only in case of sudden flooding.
Eg:- flash floods, collapse of dams or tidal waves
fractures, injuries and bruises may occur, if whether is
cold, cases of accidental hypothermia may occur.
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collapse. the levels of
A large number of objects may be lifted in the air disaster?
enlist the levels
of disaster and carried along with the wind. This may give risk to
injuries. Teacher:
explains the
DROUGHTS: levels of
Mortality may increase considerably in areas where disaster by
narration
drought cause famines in which case there may be protein-
students:
caloric malnutrition and vitamin deficiencies. Listens
FIRE ACCIDENTS: narration by
nodding their
We come across news of fires or even of victims of heads
devastating fires in hotels, shops, cluster “jhuggies”
offices and houses. These may be due to carelessness in
handling fire objects like throwing burning cigarettes or
bidies, hot ashes, bursting of gas cylinders, electric sparks. What are
Fire can also result from spontaneous conflagration in the phases
of disaster
forest or due to negligence of a man. managemen
Describe the BIOLOGICAL WARFARE: t?
phases of
It is a purposeful contamination of flood, drinking
disaster
management water and clothing is carried out by the enemies. Teacher:
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This causes the suffering of both soldiers and the explains the
public with all kinds of phases by
using
Communicable diseases, malaria, food poisoning, other flashcards
water borne diseases like plaque, typhoid, paratyphoid, Students:
observes the
etc.. flashcards and
On the whole mortality which results from a disaster listens
carefully
situation can be classified into four types:
Injuries
Emotional Stress
Epidemic of disease
Increase in indigenous diseases
LEVELS OF DISASTER
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involves a massive level of damage with severe
impact.
Disaster mitigation
Prevention phase
Preparedness phase
Response phase
Recovery phase
Prevention phase
Preparedness phase
What are
Personal preparedness phases of
disaster
Professional preparedness cycle?
emphasize the
disaster cycle
Key organizations and professionals in disaster
management
Teacher:
Health care community explains
disaster cycle
Hospitals by using leaflet
Students:
Health professionals
Observes
Pharmacies leaflet and
Public health departments listens
carefully
Rescue personnel
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Fire fighters
Municipal or government officials
Media
Medical examiners
Medical supply manufactures
Police
Community preparedness
Response phase
What are
Illustrate the The level of disaster varies and the management plans essential in
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disaster disaster
management mainly based on the severity or extent of the disaster. managemen
plans t plans?
Recovery phase
Teacher:
During this phase actions are taken to repair, rebuilt,
explains
or reallocate damaged homes and businesses and disaster plans
restore health and economic vitality to the by using
pamphlets
community. Student:
Psychological recovery must be addressed. Both observes
phamphlet and
victims and relief workers should be offered mental listens
health activities and services. carefully
DISASTER CYCLE
1. Non disaster or inter disaster phase
2. Pre disaster or warning phase
3. Impact phase
4. Emergency or Relief phase
5. Reconstruction or Rehabilitation phase
1. Non disaster or inter disaster phase: mapping,
analysis, assessing resources, planning
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a. Preventive
b. Preparedness
c. Mitigation
d. Conducting education and training.
2. Pre disaster phase:
a. Issuing warning
b. Implementing protective measures
3. Impact phase:
a. Disaster occurs and community experiences
effects
4. Emergency phase:
a. Search and rescue
b. First aid
c. Emergency medical assistance
d. Restoration of Emergency communication
and transport network
e. Public health surveillance
f. Evacuation from areas still vulnerable to the
hazard
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5. Reconstruction or Rehabilitation phase:
a. Restoration
b. Reconstitution
c. Mitigation
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Objectives
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Head of departments- surgery, medicine,
orthopedics, radiology, anesthesiology,
neurosurgery
Blood bank in charge
Security officers
Transport officer
Sanitary personnel
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What is the
Information and communication nurse’s role
in disaster
the disaster control team would be responsible for managemen
t?
nurse’s role in collecting, coordinating and disseminating the
community
information about the disaster situation to the all
disaster
management concerned.
Teacher:
Disaster beds explains role of
nurse by using
Requirement of beds depends up on the magnitude chart
Student:
of the disaster.
observes chart
Utilization of vacant beds, day care beds, and pre- and listens
operative beds carefully
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folding beds and floor beds
Resuscitation equipments
Iv sets, iv fluids,
Disposable needles, syringes and gloves
Dressing and suturing materials and splints
Oxygen masks, nasal catheters, suction machine and
suction catheters
ECG monitors, defibrillators, ventilators
Cut down sets, tracheostomy sets and lumbar
puncture sets
Linen and blankets
Keys of these cupboards should be readily available
at the time of disaster
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and those associated with management of causalities
are fully prepared and aware of their
responsibilities.
Chain of authority
Lines of communication
Routes and modes of transport
Mobilization
Warning
Evacuation
Rescue and recovery
Triage
Treatment
Support of victims and families
Care of dead bodies
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Disaster worker rehabilitation
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Public relations.
Essential services.
Crowd management/ security arrangement.
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Identify outdated supplies and replenish for
appropriate use.
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Evaluate the response of personnel involved in disaster
relief efforts.
SUMMARY:
Disasters are of different types which can happen any time ,any where, in the world causing tremendous after
effects such as loss of human life ,economical imbalances, food scarecity epidemics , forced relocation of
population etc. Disasters usually affect the developing countries comparing with the developed countries. While
deserting the matter we could come to the conclusion that the adverse effects of natural disasters can be minimized
by proper preventive measures alert technologies at high risk areas, proper mobilization of resources, decreased
corruption in the field and also the mock training programmes in the community
Conclusion
Disaster is an emergency situation, therefore coordination of actions and various departments is an essential
requisite for efficient management of mass casualties.
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Allender j a, spradly bw. Community health nursing- promoting and practicing the public’s health. 6th edn.
Lippincott williams and wilkins. London. 2005
Clemenstone s, mcguire sl, eigsti dg. Comprehensive community health nursing- family aggregate and
community practice. 6th edn. Mosby publishers. St louis. 2002
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Stanhope m, lancaster j. Community and public health nursing. 6th edn. Mosby publishers. London. 2004.
Lewis sl, heitkemper mm. Medical surgical nursing- assessment and management of problems. Mosby
publishers. Philadelphia. 2007.
LESSON PLAN
On
Disaster nursing
PREPARED BY,
K.SAGAR,
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR,
INDIRA GANDHI SCHOOL & COLLEGE OF NURSING
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