Straight Line 599

.....(ii)
a b
=
For parallelism condition,  aα+bγ =0 .
γ −α
8. (c) The equation of line which cuts off equal intercepts from
x y
+ =1
Slope of line, Equation of line in different forms axes a (say) is a a or x+ y=a
But it is passes through (1, –2), therefore 1−2=a
x y
+ =1 ⇒ a=−1 .
1. (a) The equation of line a a  x+ y−a=0
Coefficient of x Hence the equation of straight line is x+ y+1=0 .
Slope=− =−1 o
 Coefficient of y . 9. (c) Here c=−1 and m=tanθ=tan 45 =1
6−3 θ=45 )
o
y−3=
( x−3 ) (Since the line is equally inclined to the axes, so
2. (a) Equation of line AB is 7−3
x y Hence equation of straight line is y=±(1. x)−1
3 x−4 y+3=0 ⇒ + =1
 −1 3 /4  x− y−1=0 and x+ y+1=0 .

√
5 x− y=1 is
()
2
3 5 10. (b) A line perpendicular to the line given by
(−1)2 + =
Hence required length is
4 4 .
x+5 y−λ=0=L , (given)
3. (c) It is obvious. x y
+ =1
4. (b) The given line can be written in this form
In intercept form λ λ /5
(3+2 λ )x +(−1−3 λ ) y+(5−4 λ )=0
1
It is will be parallel to y-axis, if
1 So, area of triangle is 2 ¿ (Multiplication of intercepts)
−1−3 λ=0 ⇒ λ=−
3 .
x=
1 
1
2
λ
5 ()
( λ )× =5⇒ λ=±5 √2

5. (c) Solving
y=m r x and x+ y=1 , we get 1+ mr and Hence the equation of required straight line is

y=
mr x+5 y=±5 √2 .
1+m r . Thus the points of intersection of the three
−c −c
m=tanθ= ⇒3= ⇒ c=−9

lines on the transversal are

1
(
,
m1
1+ m1 1+ m1
,
) 11. (a) Obviously 3
3 3

( 1
,
m2
1+ m2 1+ m2 ) (
and
1
,
m3
1+ m3 1+ m3 ) –c

) ( )
2

( 1 1 2 m1 m2
− + −
By hypothesis,
1+ m1 1+m 2 1+m 1 1+m 2
Hence the required equation is y=3 x−9 .

)( ) ( a+2a , b +b2 )
2

( 1 1 m22 m ' '

− + − 3 AB=E
1+ m2 1+ m3 1+ m2 1+m 2 12. (b) Mid point of and mid point of
=
CD=F (
2 )
' '
m2 −m 1 m 3 −m 2 1+ m2 1+m2 a −a b−b
= −1=1− ,
1+m 1+m 1+ m 1+m3 2 . Hence equation of line EF is
 1 3 or 1

a −a−a−a' ( 2 )
1+ m2 1+m 2 2( 1+m 1 )( 1+ m3 ) '
b+b = b−b −b−b x− a+a
' ' '
+ =2 1+m 2= y−
 1+ m1 1+m 3  (1+ m1 )+( 1+m 3 ) 2
'

 11+m ,1+m , 1+m

2 3 are in H.P. A(a,b) B(a,b)
E
6. (a) The points are (1, 3)and (3, 15).
12
= =6
Hence gradient 2 .
ax +by +c=0 D(a,–b) F C(–a,b)
7. (c) Given lines are .....(i) ' ' '
On simplification, we get 2 ay−2 b x −¿ ab−a b .
and x=α t+β , y=γ t+δ y=−x +c which is
13. (b) Let the required equation is
After eliminating t, we get γ x−α y+αδ−γ β=0 perpendicular to y=x and passes through (3, 2). So
 600 Straight Line
2=−3+ c ⇒ c=5 . Hence required equation is
Trick : This question can be checked with the options as
x+ y=5 the line 4 x+3 y=24 passes through (3, 4) and also cuts
.
the intercepts from the axes whose sum is 14.
14. (a) Mid point is (3, 4) '
−1 a −a
m= ' =
( )
−1 −2 ' '
a+a b+ b
'
= = b −b b−b ,
Slope of perpendicular 6/ 4 3 '
a −a 2 2
22. (a) . Mid point is
Hence the line is 2x+3 y=18 .
( ) ( )
' ' '
b+b a −a a+a
y− = '
x−
15. (c) Here D(1, 1) therefore equation of line AD is given by Therefore equation of line is 2 b−b 2
2x + y −3=0 . Thus the line perpendicular to AD is ⇒2(b−b ' ) y +2(a−a ' ) x−b2 +b ¿−a2 + a¿ =0 .
x−2 y+k=0 and it passes through B, so k =0 . Hence 23. (b) Angle between both the lines is
2m
required equation is x−2 y=0 . tan−1 m±tan−1 m=tan −1 −1
' 1−m2 or tan 0
−y
2mx
16. (b) Slope = 2a . y=
' ' ' ' Therefore equation of lines are y=0 , 1−m 2
.
Hence equation is y x +2 ay= y x +2 a y .
a b
7−3 x 1= y 1=
DE= =1⇒ 24. (a) Obviously, 2 and 2 .
17. (b) Slope of 5−1 Slope of AB = 1 B
A
(x1,y1)
(–5,7) D
(5,7)
b

B E C O a A
(1,3) x y
+ =1
Hence equation of AB is y−7=( x +5 )⇒ x − y+ 12=0 . Therefore the equation of line AB is a b
3 x y
− +8 + =1 ⇒ xy 1 + yx 1=2 x 1 y 1
2 2 x1 2 y1
y +8= ( x−5)  .
−2−5
( 1+12 , 3−72 )=(1 ,−2)
18. (c) Required equation of median is
¿
⇒13 x +14 y +47=0 . 25. (b) Mid point
bx−ay =ab
19. (d) The given line is Therefore required line is 2 x−3 y=k ⇒2 x−3 y=8 .
Obviously it cuts x -axis at (a, 0). The equation of line 26. (a) The equation of any straight line passing through (3,
perpendicular to (i) is ax +by=k , but it passes through y +2=m( x−3 )
–2) is …..(i)
2
(a, 0)  k =a . −√ 3 .
2 The slope of the given line is
ax+by=a
Hence required equation of line is m−(−√ 3 )
x y a tan 60 o=±
+ = So, 1+m(−√ 3)
i.e., b a b .
20. (b) The line perpendicular to the line x+ y+1=0 is On solving, we get m=0 or 3 √
y−x +λ=0 . Also, it passes through the point (1, 2); ∴
Putting the values of m in (i), the required equation of lines
λ=−1 . Hence, required line is y−x−1=0 . √
are y+2=0 and 3x− y=2+3 3 . √
21. (b) Given a+b=14 ⇒ a=14−b 27. (a) The equation of lines passing through (1, 0) are given by
x y
+ =1
√3
Hence the equation of straight line is 14−b b . y=m( x−1 ) . Its distance from origin is 2 .

|= √
Also, it passes through (3,4) −m 3
|
∴ 14−b b
3 4
+ =1⇒ b=8  √1+m2 2  m=±√ 3 . Hence the lines are
or 7
Therefore equations are 4 x+3 y=24 and x+ y=7 .
√ 3x+ y− √3=0 and √ 3x− y−√ 3=0 .
x y
+ =1⇒ x− y=a
28. (a) Let the equation be a −a
 Straight Line 601

But it passes through (−3 , 2) , hence a=−3−2=−5 . 42. (a) Intersection point on x-axis is
(2 x 1 ,0 )
and on y-axis is
Hence the equation is x− y +5=0 . (0 ,2 y 1 )
. Thus equation of line passes through these points
29. (a) Point of intersection of the lines is (3, –2). x y
+ =2
Hence the equation is 2 x −7 y=2(3 )−7(−2)=20 . x1 y1
is .
21 23 43. (c) The required equation which passes through (c, d) and its
y=− x=
5 5 a a
30. (a) Point of intersection and −y−d=− (x −c )
3(23 )+4 (−21) 69−84 gradient is b , is b
3 x+4 y= = =−3
∴ 5 5 . ⇒ a( x−c)+b ( y−d )=0 .
Hence, required line is 3 x+4 y +3=0 . 44. (c) The point of intersection is (1, 1) Therefore the equation of
the line passing through (1, 1) and (π , 0) is
5
m= . −1
31. (a) −4 Therefore the line is 5 x+4 y=0 . y−1= ( x−1)⇒ x− y=π (1− y )
π−1 .
32. (a) Here intercept on x-axis is 3 and intercept on y-axis is –2.
So using intercept form of the equation of line, the 45. (c) The required equation of line which passes through (a,b) and
x y b b
− =1 y−b= ( x−a )
required line is 3 2 . gradient a is, a ⇒bx −ay=0 .
33. (d) The required equation, which passes through (3, – 4) and 46. (b) The point of intersection of the lines is (1, 1). The equation
4 4
( y +4 )= ( x−3) of line parallel to 2 y−3 x+2=0 is 2 y−3 x+k=0 . It
3
its gradient is , is 3 . also passes through (1, 1), therefore √ ( ) . Hence the
4 2 4 √ 10
AC= (4−0)2+ 0− =
3 3

34. (c) The required equation which passes through (1, 2) and its
required equation is 2 y−3 x+1=0 or 3 x−2 y=1 .
gradient is m=3 , is ( y−2)=3( x−1) .
47. (a) The required equation is y+6= tan 45o (x−4)
2
− ⇒ x− y−10=0 .
35. (a) The gradient of line 2 x +3 y +4=0 is 3 . Now the
equation of line passing through (–1,1) is b
y−b=− ( x−a )
1 3 48. (b) The required equation is a
m=− =
y−1=m( x +1 ), but −2/3 2 . x y
⇒ + =2
Therefore, required equation is 2( y−1)=3( x+1) . a b .
36. (c) Obviously the point of intersection is (0, 0). Thus the 49. (c) Since the hour, minute and second hands always pass
equation of line passing through the points (0, 0) and (2, 2) through origin because one end of these hands is always at
o
is y=x . origin. Now at 4 O’ clock, the hour hand makes 30 angle
37. (b) The required equation passing through (0, 0) and its in fourth quadrant. So the equation of hour hand is
1 1 1 Y 1
m= y= x ⇒ x=0 y=mx ⇒ y=− x
gradient is 0 , is 0 . √3 2

38. (b) ax +by=1  Two parameters. ⇒ x+√ 3 y=0 . X

O 30° 3
¿(3, 2) . Equation is 2 x − y−4=0 .
39. (b) Mid point
50. (a) Slope =− √3 4

a and 2a
40. (a) Let the intercept be
x y
, then the equation of line is
∴ Line is y=− √3 x+c  √ 3x+ y=c
+ =1
a 2a , but it also passes through (1, 2), therefore Y
a=2 .

Hence the required equation is 2 x + y =4 . O

X
−1 3
= = x+y=8
3+1 2
41. (a) Mid point ¿( 4,− 9); Slope −1−5 x+y=–8

Hence the required line is 3 x−2 y=30 . c

=|4|⇒ c=±8 ⇒ x √3+ y=± 8
Now 2 .
51. (b) From option (b),
 602 Straight Line
1 2 −10 Now the point A (1+d cosθ , 5+d sin θ) lies on the line
|2 1 5 |=1(0−20)−2(−25)−10(3)=0 5 x− y−4=0 and point B (1−d cosθ , 5−dsin θ) lies
5 4 0
on the line 3 x+4 y−4=0 .
Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.
4 4
Therefore, 5(1+d cos θ )−(5+d sin θ )−4=0
52. (a)
x cosθ− y sin θ=a(cos θ−sin θ )=a cos2 θ . 3(1−d cosθ )+ 4 (5−d sin θ )−4=0
and

53. (c) Mid point

¿(3, 1) cos θ sin θ
=
−1 −4 Eliminating ‘d’ from the two, we get 35 83 .
= = x−1 y−5
−2−4 3 =
−1−4 Hence the required line is 35 83 or
Slope of perpendicular
83 x−35 y+92=0 .
Therefore the required equation is
58. (c) B(0,b)
4 x+3 y=4 (3 )+3(1)=15 .
3
1
. (– 4,3)
54. (b) Slope of given line is 2 5
1
m− A(a,0)
o 2 O
tan 45 =± 32 24
1 a=− b=
1+ m. 3 and 5 .
2  m=±3 . By the section formula, we get
Thus
Hence the required equation is given by
Hence option (b) is correct. x y
+ =1
55. (b) Slopes of the lines are 1 and –1 −(32/3) (24 /5 ) ⇒9 x−20 y+96=0 .
Y 10+6
= =2
(1,1) 59. (b) Slope 3+5 . Hence the line is 2x− y=−4 .
60. (c) Point of intersection is (2, 3). Therefore, the equation of
line passing through (2, 3) is
135° y−3=m ( x−2) ……(i)
45°
O X or mx− y−(2m−3 )=0 .
According to the condition,
Since the point of intersection is (1, 1)
3 m−2−(2 m−3 ) 7 3 4
y−1=±1( x−1) . = ⇒m= ,
Hence the required equations are
√1+m 2 5 4 3
56. (c) Equation of any line through (0,a) is 3 x−4 y+6=0
Hence the equations are and
y−a=m( x−0 ) or mx− y +a=0 …..(i) 4 x−3 y+1=0 .
If the length of perpendicular from (2a, 2a) to the line (i) is 61. (b) Using the intercept form of the line
m(2 a )−2 a+a 4 x y
a=± ⇒ m=0 , + =1⇒ x cos θ+ y sin θ=2 a
2 a sec θ 2 a cosec θ
‘a’, then √ m +1
2 3
. 62.
.
(b) If the given lines represent the same line, then the length of
Hence the required equations of lines are y−a=0 , the perpendiculars from the origin to the lines are equal, so
4 x−3 y+3 a=0 c p
. =
57. (a) Any line through the middle point M(1, 5) of the intercept that √1+m 2
√cos α+ sin2 α
2

AB may be taken as
x−1 y−5 ⇒ c= p √ 1+m2 .
= =r
cos θ sin θ …..(i) 63. (a) The point of intersection of 5 x−6 y−1=0 and
where ‘r’ is the distance of any point (x, y) on the line (i) 3 x+2 y +5=0 is (−1, −1) . Now the line perpendicular
from the point M(1, 5).
Since the points A and B are equidistant from M and on the to 3 x−5 y+11=0 is 5 x+3 y +k =0 , but it passes
opposite sides of it, therefore if the coordinates of A are
through (−1,−1)  −5−3+k=0⇒ k =8
obtained by putting r=d in (i), then the co-ordinates of B
are given by putting r=−d . Hence required line is 5 x+3 y +8=0 .
 Straight Line 603
5−2 P(a,b)→(3, 2) and Q(b,a)→(2, 3)
y−2= ( x−1 )⇒ y−3 x +1=0
64. (c) Required equation is 2−1 . Now, equation of PQ
65. (d) Trick : Line 3 y=4 x+2 is perpendicular to given line y 2− y1 3−2
y− y 1 = ( x−x 1 )⇒ y−2= (x−3)
and passing through (1, 2). x 2−x 1 2−3
66. (b) The equation of any line parallel to 2 x +6 y +7=0 is y−2=−( x−3 )⇒ x+ y=5 .

2 x +6 y +k=0
(a) Required equation of the line, 2 x+3 y +λ=0
.
73.

This meets the axes at

k
A − ,0
2 and
( )
B 0 ,−
k
6 . ( ) This line passing through point (1, 1)
 2+3+ λ=0 ⇒ λ=−5
By hypothesis, AB=10  Required equation is 2 x+3 y−5=0 .

√ √
2 2 2
k k 10 k 74. (b) The intercept made by the line between the axis is (10, 4).
⇒ + =10 ⇒ =10
4 36 36 x y
+ =1⇒ 2 x +5 y=20
10 k 2 =3600⇒ k =±6 √ 10 . Hence, equation of line, 10 4 .

75. (c) The intersection point of lines x−2 y=1 and x+3 y=2 is
Hence there are two lines given by 2x+6 y±6 10=0 . √
67. (d) The equation of a line passing through (2, 2) and
1
( )
7 1
,
5 5 and the slope of required line
=−
3
4
y−2= ( x−2 )
perpendicular to
x−3 y +4=0
3 x+ y=3
.
is 3 or
 Equation of required line is
1 −3
y− =
5 4
x−
7
5 ( )
Putting x=0 in this equation, we obtain y=4/3 . 3x 21 1
+ y= +
=4/3 .
So, y-intercept  4 20 5  3 x+4 y=5  3 x+4 y−5=0 .

68.
o
(c) ∵ y =mx+ c  y=(tan 135 ) x−5 76. (b) The point of intersection of lines 2 x−3 y+4=0 and
 y=−x−5 ⇒ x+ y +5=0 .
x y
+ =1
3 x+4 y−5=0 is 34 17
−2 22
, ( )
69. (d) Let the equation of the line be a b . The −7
=
coordinates of the mid point of the intercept AB between The slope of required line 6

the axes are

( a2 , b2 ) .
y−
22 −7
=
17 6
x+ (2
34 )
 Equation of required line is
a b
=1 , =2 ⇒ a=2 , b=4 119 x+102 y=125 .
 2 2 . 
x y 77. (d) Given form is 3 x+3 y +7=0
+ =1
Hence the equation of the line is 2 4 , 2 x+ y=4 . 3
x+
3
y +7=0
√3 √ 3 +3 2
( )
2 2 2
ab ab  +3
,
70. (a) The given lines intersect at a+b a+b and join of this 3 3 −7 −7 7
b
2 x+ y= p=| |=
2  3√2 3 √2 3 √2 ,  3 √ 2 3 √2 .
with (a, b) will have slope a . Now proceed.
78. (d) The intersection point of y−x +7=0 and
71. (b) Since the line x+ y √ 3+3 √ 3=0 makes an angle of y +2 x−2=0 (3, −4)
is
150o with x -axis. Therefore, the required lines will make
o o o  Equation of straight line joining origin to (3, −4) is
angles of 90 and 210 i.e., 30 with the positive −4
direction of x-axis. y−0= ( x−0)
1 3  4 x+3 y=0 .
y= x 79. (a) It is obvious.
Hence the lines are x=0 and √3 .
80. (c) Given, line AB making 0 intercepts on x-axis and y-axis or
72. (b) Point P(a,b) is on 3 x+2 y=13 ( x1 , y 1 )≡(0 , 0 )
and the line is perpendicular to line
So, 3 a+2 b=13 .....(i) CD, 3 x+4 y+6=0 . We know that standard equation of
Q(b,a) is on 4 x− y=5
a line is y=ax+b . Comparing given equation of line CD
Point
So, 4 b−a=5 .....(ii) with the standard equation, we get a=3 and b=4 .
By solving (i) and (ii), a=3 , b=2
 604 Straight Line
We also know that slope of the given line
86. (a) Equation of a line perpendicular to 3 x−5 y+7=0 is
a −3
CD=− = . 5 x+3 y +λ=0 ……(i)
b 4 Since the line AB is perpendicular to the
4 ∵ This equation passes through (1, −2)
AB( m)=
line CD, therefore slope of the line 3 . Thus 5×1+3×(−2 )+ λ=0  5−6 +λ=0  λ=1

relation for the equation of the line AB will be
4  Equation is 5 x+3 y+1=0 .
y−0= ( x−0 )
or 3 y=4 x or
( y− y 1 )=m( x−x 1 ) 3 2 3 4 5
or − =1 − =1
4 x−3 y=0 . 87. (d) a b and a b  b=−1,a=−1 .
81. (c) Required line should be, 3
(3 x − y+2)+λ (5 x−2 y +7 )=0 88. (b) The equation of line passes through (3, 2) and of slope 4
…..(i)
is 3 x−4 y−1=0
 (3+5 λ )x−(2 λ +1) y +(2+7 λ )=0
Let the point be (h,k) then 3 h−4 k −1=0 ……(i)
3+5 λ 2+7 λ
y= x+ 2
(h−3 ) +( y−2) =5
2 2
 2 λ+1 2 λ+1 …..(ii) and ……(ii)
2 λ+1=0 On solving the equations, we get h=−1, 7 and k=−1,5 .
As the equation (ii), has infinite slope,
Hence points are (–1, –1) and (7, 5).
 λ=−1/2 putting λ=−1/2 in equation (i) we have L1≡2 x +5 y−7=0 and L2≡2 x−5 y−9=0 , so
89. (c) Let
(3 x− y+2)+(−1/2)(5 x−2 y+7)=0  x=3 . 2 2
m1=− , m2 =+
82. (b) ∵ Slope of given liney=x is 1 that 5 5 .
∴ Slope of required line =−1 Lines are neither parallel nor perpendicular, also not
coincident. Hence the lines are intersecting.
Thus, the equation of required line
90. (c) Obviously, slope of AC=5 /2 .
y−2=−1( x−3)  x+ y=5 . o
1 Let m be the slope of a line inclined at an angle of 45 to
= 5
m−
83. (d) y=mx +c ; ∵ m=tan30 ° √ 3 ; c=−2 o 2 7 3
tan 45 =± ⇒ m=− ,
x 5 3 7
y= −2 1+ m.
∴ √3  √ 3 y−x+2 √ 3=0 . AC, then D
2 C (1,–1) .
45°
4
√ 3 sinθ+2cos θ= 45°
84. (a) Perpendicular to r is

√ 3 sin ( π2 +θ )+2 cos( π2 +θ )= kr 45°

A (3,4)
45°
B
It is passing through (−1, π / 2)
Thus, let the slope of AB or DC be 3/7and that of AD or
k
√ 3 sin π +2 cos π= ⇒ k=2
−
7
−1
BC be 3 . Then equation of AB is 3 x−7 y+19=0 .
2
√ 3 cos θ−2 sin θ= 7 x+3 y−4=0
 r  2=√ 3r cosθ−2r sin θ . Also the equation of BC is .

85. (a) Equation of the line passing through (−4, 6) and (8, 8) is
1 5
B − ,
2 2 . ( )
y−6= ( )
8−6
8+4
( x+4 )

2
y−6= ( x +4 )
12
On solving these equations, we get,
Now let the coordinates of the vertex D be (h, k). Since
the middle points of AC and BD are same, therefore
 6 y−36=x+4  6 y−x−40=0
Now equation of any line perpendicular to it is
……(i) 1
2 ( )
1 1
h− = (3+1)⇒ h=
2 2
9 1
2 , 2
5 1
k + = ( 4−1)
2 2 ( )
6 x+ y+ λ=0 ……(ii)
This line passes through the mid point of (−4, 6) and

k=
1
2 . Hence,
9 1
D= ,
2 2 . ( )
(8, 8) i.e., (2, 7)  6×2+ 7+λ=0
91. (c) Since equation of diagonal 11 x+7 y=9 does not pass
 19+λ=0 ⇒ λ=−19
through origin, so it cannot be the equation of the diagonal
From (ii) the equation of required line is 6 x+ y−19=0 .

C B
11x+7y=9

O
(0,0)
4x+5y = 0 A
 Straight Line 605
OB. Thus on solving the equation AC with the equations 2
2 p 50
= ⇒ p=±5
OA and OC, we get
A ( 53 ,− 43 ) and
C (−23 , 73 ) .
By hypothesis √ 3 √ 3 .
√
Hence the lines are 3x+ y±10=0 .
96. (a) Since the median passes through A, the intersection of the
given lines. Its equation is given by
( px +qy −1)+λ (qx+ py−1 )=0 , where λ is some real
number. Also, since the median passes through the point

Therefore, the middle point M is

1 1
,
2 2 ( ) (p, q), we have
2 2
( p +q −1)+λ( qp+ pq−1 )=0
2 2
x− y=0 . p +q −1
Hence the equation of OB is y=x i.e., λ=−
 2 pq−1 and the equation of median through
8
(c) Slope of BD is 15 and angle made by BD with AD and
p2 +q2 −1
92. ( px+qy −1)− ( qx+ py−1 )=0
o
A is 2 pq−1
DC is 45 . So let slope of DC be m, then
m−
8 A B
 (2 pq−1)( px+qy−1)=( p2 +q2 −1)(qx+ py−1 ) .
15
tan 45o =± x y
8 + =1
1+ m 97. (a) If the line is a b , then the intercepts on the axes are
15
45° a and b .
⇒(15+8 m)=±(15 m−8 )
45° 1
23 7 D (1,2) C |a×b|=6⇒|ab|=12
m= −
7 23 Therefore the area is 2 …..(i)
 and 2 2
Hence the equations of DC and AD are and hypotenuse is 5, therefore a +b =25 …..(ii)
23 On solving (i) and (ii), we get
y−2= ( x−1 )
7 ⇒23 x−7 y −9=0 a=±4 or ±3 and b=±3 or ±4
7 x y x y
y−2=− ( x−1 ) ± ± =1 ± ± =1
and 23 ⇒7 x +23 y−53=0 . Hence equation of line is 4 3 or 3 4 .
8−2 Trick: Check with options. Obviously, the line
= =3 x y
93. (a) Slope 3−1 . + =±1
4 3 satisfies both the conditions.
The diagonal is y−2=3( x−1)⇒3 x− y −1=0 .
98. (c) The required diagonal passes through the mid-point of
94. (d) Obviously, other line AB will pass through (0, a) and AB and is perpendicular to AB . So its equation is
(2a,k) . y−2=−3( x−2 ) or 3 x+ y−8=0 .
Y
A (2a,k) 1
−1
2 1
∠ ABC =tan θ= =−
1 3 1
(0, a) B x=2a 1+ m1= , m2 =1)
99. (b) 2 (Here 2
X ∵ AB=AC ;  ∠ ABC =∠ ACB
C(2a,0)
A
But as we are given AB=AC
5a
⇒ k=√ 4 a2+(k −a )2  k = 2
Hence the required equation is 3 x−4 y+4 a=0 .
95. (b) Let p be the length of the perpendicular from the origin on C (2, 1)
B (1, 2)
the given line. Then its equation in normal form is
1 m−1 1
x cos30 o + y sin 30o = p or √ 3x+ y=2 p Hence
− =
3 1+m 
m=
2

This meets the coordinate axes at

A
( 2√3p , 0) and
1
(Here m is the gradient of line AC)

y−1= ( x−2) y=
x
2 2
( ) 2 p2
1 2p  Equation of line AC is,  .
ΔOAB= 2 p=
B(0, 2 p) . 2 √3 √3 100. (a) Co-ordinates of the vertices of the square are A(0, 0),
 Area of
B(0, 1), C(1, 1) and D(0, 1) .
 606 Straight Line
y=1 C(1,1) Since a≠0 , b≠0
(0,1) B
So, ( x−1)=0⇒ x=1 and ( y +2 )=0 ⇒ y =−2 .
x=0 x=1 1 1 1
, ,
Trick : Checking from options, let a, b, c are 1 2 3 .
(0,0)A D(1,0) Then x+2 y +3=0 will satisfy (c) option.
y=0
Now the equation of AC is y=x and of BD is 107. (a) ax +by +c=0 is always through (1, −2) .
1  a−2 b+c=0  2 b=a+c
y−1=− ( x−0 )
1 ⇒ x + y=1 . Therefore, a, b and c are in A.P.
101. (a) According to the figure, diagonal BD is passing through 108. (a)
u=a1 x+ b1 y +c 1 =0 , v=a2 x +b2 y + c2 =0
origin, therefore its equation is given by a1 b1 c1
= = =c
( ) 3 −( 3/5 )
y− =
5 −( 2/5 )
x−
2
5 ( ) A(0,3) x=0 B(0,0) and
a2
a1
b2
b1
c2
c1
(Let)

3 x−2 y=0 . a2 = , b2 = , c2 =
  c c c
Given that u+kv =0
D C(1,0)
 a1 x +b1 y+ c1 +k ( a 2 x+ b2 y +c 2 )=0
x+y=1
a1 b1 c1
102. (a) Gradient of BC=−1 and its equation is x+ y+4=0 . a1 x +b1 y+ c1 +k x+k y +k =0
 c c c
Therefore the equation of line parallel to BC is
1
x+ y+ λ=0 . Also it is 2 unit distant from origin. Thus 
( kc )+ b y (1+ kc )+ c (1+ kc )=0
a1 x 1+ 1 1

a1 x +b1 y+ c1 =0=u .
= ⇒ λ= √ .
λ 1 2 
109. (d) The equation of lines in intercept form are
√2 2 2 x y
+ =1
Hence the required equation of line is 2x+2 y+ √ 2=0 . −8/a −8/ b .....(i)
2 x − y=2 . x y
103. (c) Slope = 2  Equation is + =1
−3 2 .....(ii)
104. (b) y−3=tan (θ±60 o )(x−2) 8
− =−(−3)
−1±√ 3 According to the condition, a
y−3= ( x−2)
As
o
θ=135 , So 1∓(−√ 3) ⇒ a=−
8 8
− =−(2 )⇒ b=4
3 and b .
−1+ √3
y−3= ( x−2 )=(2−√3 )( x−2 ) (a−2b ) x+(a+3 b ) y+3 a+4 b=0
i.e., √3+1 .
110. (a)

105. (a) Take two perpendicular lines as the coordinate axes. If a, b or a( x + y +3 )+b(−2 x +3 y +4 )=0 , which represents
be the intercepts made by the moving line on the a family of straight lines through point of intersection of
coordinate axes, then the equation of the line is x+ y+3=0 and −2 x+3 y+4=0 i.e, (– 1, – 2).
x y Trick : Point (–1, –2) satisfies the given equation of
+ =1
a b .....(i) straight line.
1 1 1 111. (a) By the help of given condition of a+b +c=0 , the three
+ = p p p
According to the question a b k , (say) x− y= or ( p≠0 )
lines reduce to a or b c . All these
k k
+ =1 lines are parallel. Hence they do not intersect in finite
i.e., a b .....(ii) plane.
The result (ii) shows that the straight line (i) passes y=x or x= y ,
112. (c) By putting the equation remains
through a fixed point (k, k).
2 1 1 unchanged. Hence it is symmetric to the line y=x .
= +
106. (c) a, b, c are in H. P., then b a c
x y 1
.....(i)
113. (d) Intersection point of the line is
( a+b
ab ab
, which is
,
a+b )
+ + =0 satisfying all the equations given in options (a), (b) and
Given line is a b c .....(ii) (c). Hence (d) is correct.
1 1
(x −1)+ ( y+2 )=0 114. (e) The two lines will be identical if there exists some real
Subtracting both a b number k such that
 Straight Line 607

b3 −c 3 =k (b−c ), c 3 −a3=k(c−a ) , a3−b 3 =k (a−b ) 120. (b) Let ABCD be a rectangle. Given A (1, 3) and C (5, 1).
2 2 Equation B and D lie on y=2 x+c
 b−c=0 or b + c +bc=k
2 2 C (5, 1)
 c−a=0 or c + a +ac =k D

 a−b=0 or a2 +b2 + ab=k

 b=c ,c=a, a=b or b + c +bc=c +a +ca
2 2 2 2
A y=2x+C
2 2 (1, 3) B
 b −a =c( a−b )⇒b=a or a+b +c=0 . We know that intersecting point of diagonal of rectangle is
115. (c) Let the equation of line is y=mx +c same or at midpoint. So mid point of AC is (3, 2). So
Given line makes an angle of 135° with x-axis y=2 x+c passes throguh (3, 2). Hence c=−4 .
So, m=tan θ=tan 135 °=−1 and cuts the intercepts 4
– 5 from origin to y-axis i.e., c=−5 121. (c) Here the centre 0 (0,0) . So ‘m’ of OQ is 3 and ‘m’ of OR
Hence, equation of line is y=−x−5 ⇒ x+ y +5=0 . −3
∠QOR=
π
x y is 4 , 2
+ =1
116. (c) Let the equation of line a b 1 π π
∠QPR= × =
Given a=b . So, equation of line is x+ y=a .....(i) Hence 2 2 4 .
Line passes through (2, 4)
122. (d) The given point lies on the line x+ y=2 , if
From equation (i), 2+4=a . So, a=6 . 2
3 t + 3 t +3=0 . Here discriminant 9 – 12< 0 Therefore
∴ Equation of line x+ y=6 i.e., x+ y−6=0 . the value of t is imaginary. Thus the given point cannot lie
x y on the line.
− =1
117. (a) Here a+b=−1 . Required line is a 1+a .....(i) 123. (d) Line joining point (−1,3) and (4 ,−2) is
Since line (i) passes through (4, 3) −5
4 3 ( y +1)= ( x−3 )
− =1 2 5  y+1=−1( x−3 )
∴ a 1+a ⇒ 4 +4 a−3 a=a+ a
2 x+ y=2 ..... (i)
 a =4 ⇒a=±2
If line (i) passes through point (p, q), then p+q=2 .
x y x y
− =1 + =1 124. (c) The lines passing through the intersection of the lines
∴ Required lines are 2 3 and −2 1 . ax +2by+3 b=0 and bx−2ay−3 a=0 is
118. (c) Let the equation of line parallel to x-axis be
ax +2 by+ 3 b+λ(bx −2 ay−3 a )=0
y=λ .....(i)
⇒(a+bλ )x +(2 b−2aλ ) y+3 b−3 λa=0 …..(i)
Solving (i) with the cuve y=√ x .....(ii) Line (i) is parallel to x-axis,
2
P( λ , λ) −a
We get the point of intersection at P a+bλ=0 ⇒ λ= =0
∴ b

∴ Slope of (ii) is, m=

( dydx )
at P
=
1
2λ
λ in (i)
Put the value of
a
∴ (i) and (ii) intersect at P, at 45 ° ax +2 by+ 3 b− (bx−2 ay−3 a)=0
b

∴
( 1+m.
tan −1
m−0
0)
=±45 °
. (
y 2 b+
2 a2
b )
+3b +
3 a2
b
2

b
2

(
2
=0 y 2b +2 a =− 3 b +3 a
b ) (
2

)
,
m=( )=± 1
1 1
λ=± 2
−3(a +b ) −3
2
3
 2λ 2  y= = y=−
2(b2 +a2 ) 2 2
1 −1 −1 ,
y= y= y= So, it is 3/2 unit below x-axis.
∴ The equation of line is 2 or 2 but 2 is
1 x y
y= + =1
2. 125. (a) Equation of the required line is, a b .
not given, hence the required line is
ax +by +c=0 From option (a), only point (3a,−2b) lies on it.
119. (a) Equation of line perpendicular to is
126. (c) Given equation of line having it intercepts on the x- axis
bx−ay + λ=0 .....(i) and y–axis in the ratio 2:1 i.e., 2a and a
It passes through (a, b) x y
ab−ab+ λ=0⇒ λ=0 + =1⇒ x+2 y=2 a
 a a
2
So, from equation (i),
.....(i)
So equation of line is bx−ay=0 . According to question,
 608 Straight Line

Line (i) also passes through midpoint of (3,−4) and (5,2) Thus angle between (i) and (ii) is given by
1
i.e., (4 ,−1) . − +2
4 7
tan−1 =tan −1
4 +2(−1)=2 a ⇒ a=1


Hence the equation of required line is, x+2 y =2 .

1
1+ − (−2 )
4 ( ) 6
.
y 2− y1 √ 3−0 5. (a) The lines are bx +ay−ab=0 and bx−ay−ab=0 .
tan θ= = Hence the required angle is
127. (c) Slope of the line is,
x2 −x 1 2−1 =√ 3
ab−(−ab ) 2ab b
θ=tan −1
√ 3=60 o tan−1| 2 2
|=tan−1| 2 2 |=2 tan−1
 . b +(−a ) b −a a .
128. (d) Parallel to x-axis ⇒ y =A , so l must be zero. 1
m 1=3 , m2 =
129. (c) Equation of line Perpendicular to 2 x + y +6=0 passes 6. (d) 2 and m3 =m
through (0, 0) is x−2 y=0 θ1
Let the angle between first and third line is and
Now point of intersection of x−2 y=0 and θ
between second and third is 2 , then
−12 −6
, ( )
2 x + y +6=0 is 5 5 and point of intersection of tan θ2 =
m−
1
2
3−m m
9 9
,
x−2 y=0 and 4 x+2 y−9=0 is 5 10 . ( ) tan θ1 =
1+ 3 m and
1
1+
2

x−2 y=0 λ :1 m−
Now say origin divide the line in the ratio 3−m 2
θ1 =θ2 ⇒ =
9 12 1+3 m m
λ− 1+
5 5 9 12 4 But 2
x= =0 ⇒ λ= ∴ λ=
 λ+1 5 5 , 3 1±5 √ 2
2 m=
Thus origin divides the line x=2 y , in the ratio 4 : 3.  7 m −2 m−7=0  7 .

Angle betwen two straight lines, 7. (b)

θ=tan −1
[ −cot α 1 +cot α 2
1+cot α 1 cot α 2 ]
Bisector of angle between two lines

1. (b) It is clear from figure that angle =60

o
=tan−1
[ tan α 2 −tan α 1
1+tan α 2 tan α 1 ]
=( α 2 ~ α 1 )

π
+α 1
Y
Aliter : Obviously, first line makes angle 2 with the
π
+α 2
x-axis and second line makes the angle 2 .
y=3 α 1 ~ α2
60° Therefore, angle between these two lines is .

( )
o o
O X −cot 30 +cot 60
θ=tan −1
θ=tan−1 ( 2−√ 3−2−√3
1+4−3 )
=tan−1 (−√ 3)=120o 8. (b)
1+ cot 30o cot 60 o
2. (b)
θ =60 .
Considering smaller angle
' o =tan−1 ( tan 60o −tan 30o
1+ tan30 o tan60 o
=30o
.
)
x y x y
3.
− =1
(c) Equation of lines are a b
− =1
and b a 9. (c) These are perpendicular lines because
m1 m2=(2) ( −12 )=−1
b a 1 1
m1= m2= a1 a2 +b 1 b2 = + ' =0
 a and b '
ab a b
10. (c)
b a Therefore, the lines are perpendicular.
−
−1 a b b2 −a 2
θ=tan =tan−1 L1≡2 x +3 y−7=0 L2≡2 x +3 y−5=0
b a 2 ab 11. (a) Let and
1+ .
Therefore a b . 2
L1= L2=−
x+4 y −4=0 Here slope of slope of 3 .
4. (d) Here equation of AB is .....(i)
2 x + y −22=0 Hence the lines are parallel.
and equation of BC is .....(ii)
 Straight Line 609

12. (b) The gradient of the line y=x +2 is 1. Therefore, it makes m1 −m2 2+3 5
tan θ=| | =| |=| |
o
an angle of 45 with x-axis. The second line is parallel to
1+m1 m2 1−6 −5 = 1
o
x-axis. Hence the obtuse angle between the lines is 135 . tan θ=tan
π π
θ= =45 ° .
13. (c) Gradient of the line which passes through (1, 0) and 4  4

m=
√3−0 =− 1 22. (c) The line xy=0 represents the equation of coordinate axis
(−2, √ 3) is −2−1 √3 i.e., x=0 , y=0 . Hence angle between them is 90 ° .


θ=tan −1
( )1
− =150o
√3 . Y
23. (b)
m1=
6+ 4 10
= =−2
−2−3 −5 and
m 2=
−18−6
9−(−3 )
=−2

Hence the lines are parallel.

14. (b)
θ=90o −tan−1 () 1
3
x=2

( −23a )( −34 )=−1 a=

−1
2 .
[ 13 ]
X X 24. (c) or
tan θ=cot tan ( ) =3 −1 O
x–3y=6 25. (a) Mid point of (a cos α ,asin α ) and (acos β ,a sin β ) is

⇒θ=tan−1 (3) . Y P ( a(cos α+cos

2
β ) a(sin α+sin β )
,
2 )
k−(2+ √ 3 ) Y
=√ 3
15. (c) 1+k (2+ √ 3) or k−2−√ 3= √3+k 2 √ 3+3k ,
A (acos, asin)

P
−2(1+ √3 )
k= =−1
2(1+√ 3) . B (acos, asin)

√3+1 =tan 75o O X

16. (a) We know that √3−1 asin β−a sin α sin β−sin α
o
= =m1
Hence the line makes an angle of 75 with y- axis, so the Slope of line AB is acos β−a cos α cos β−cosα
equation of y-axis is x=0 . sin α+sin β
=m2
17. (b) It is a fundamental concept. and slope of OP is cosα +cos β
18. (d) Midpoint of the line joining the point (4 , −5) and (−2, 9) 2
sin β −sin α
2
m1×m2 = =−1

is
( 4−22 , −5+9
2 ) i.e. (1, 2).
Now cos 2 β−cos 2 α
Hence the lines are perpendicular.
26. (b) It is obvious.
Inclination of straight line passing through point (–3,6)

and mid point (1, 2) is

m=
2−6 −4
= =−1=tan θ
1+3 4 . 27. (b) Since
m1 m2=(2) − ( 12 )=−1 .


θ=
3π
4 . 28. (d)
( k2−4
−3
)(2 )=−1 ⇒2 k−6=2 ⇒ k=4 .
m1 −m2 29. (b) It is obvious.
tan θ= 3 x−4 y +7 12 x +5 y−2
1+ m1 m 2 =±
19. (a) Angle between two lines is given by 30. (b) Bisectors of angles is given by 5 13
−1 11 x−3 y+9=0
m1= ,  ......(i)
Given 2 m2=2 ∴ m1 m2 =−1 .
and 21 x+77 y−101=0 ......(ii)
So the lines are perpendicular i.e., θ=90 ° .
Let the angle between the line 3 x−4 y+7=0 and (i) is
a1 a2 +b 1 b2 =(1) ( √3)+(−√ 3) (1)=0 3 11
20. (a) As −
m1−m 2 4 3 35
 Lines are perpendicular,  θ=90 ° . tan α =| |=| |= <1
1+m 1 m 2 3 11 45
−k 1+ ×
21. (b) Lines are
p=|
√ sec2 α + cosec2 α
|
.....(i) α , then 4 3
o
and 3 x+ y +4=0 ......(ii) ⇒ α <45
m1=2 , m2 =− 3 Hence 11 x−3 y+9=0 is the bisector of the acute angle
Here,
between the given lines.
If angle between them is θ , then
 610 Straight Line
31. (a) The equations of the bisectors of the angles between the
x−2 y +4 4 x−3 y+2
=±
lines are √ 1+4 √ 16+9
Taking positive sign, then
3 √ 3−0
(4−√ 5) x−(3−2 √5) y−( 4 √ 5−2)=0 .....(i) =√ 3 o
Slope of QR = 3−0 i.e., θ=60
and negative sign gives
o
(4 + √5) x−(2 √5+3) y+( 4 √ 5+2)=0 Clearly, ∠ PQR=120
.....(ii)
OQ is the angle bisector of the angle, so line OQ makes
Let θ be the angle between the line (i) and one of the 120o with the positive direction of x-axis.
1 4−√ 5 Therefore equation of the bisector of ∠ PQR is
−
2 3−2 √ 5 y=tan 120 x
o
y=− √3 x i.e., √ 3x+ y=0 .
tan θ=| |= √5+2>1 or
1 4− √ 5
1+ .
given line, then 2 3−2 √ 5 Distance between two lines, Perpendicular distance
Hence the line (i) bisects the obtuse angle between the of the line from a point, Position of point w.r.t. line
given lines.
32. (a) Equations of angle bisectors between x and y-axis are bh+0−ab
a=±
x+ y=0 and x− y=0 , (∵θ=45 o
or
o
135 ) 1. (a) Let the point be (h,0) , then √ a2+b2
or y=±x . a
bh=±a √ a2 + b2 +ab⇒ h= ( b±√ a2 +b2 )
33. (a) Since the origin and the point (1, –3) lie on the same side  b
x+2 y −11=0 and on the opposite side of
of
3 x−6 y−5=0 . Therefore, the bisector of the angle
Hence the point is
a
b {
(b±√ a2 + b2 ),0
.
}
containing (1,−3) is the bisector of that angle which does b a
not contain the origin and is given by − −1
a b b2 −a2−ab
( )
−x −2 y +11 −3 x+6 y +5 | |=| |

√( ) ( ) √ a 2+b2
=− 12 1 2
√5 √ 45 i.e., 3 x=19 . +
2. (b) Length of perpendicular is
a b
a1 x+ b1 y +c 1 a 2 x+b 2 y +c 2
=± 3 x+4 y−9=0
34. (a) By direct formulae √ a21 +b 21 √a 22+b 22 3. (b) Here the lines are, ......(i)

and 6 x+8 y−15=0 ......(ii)

3 x +4 y−7 12 x +5 y+17
=± Now distance from origin of both the lines are
√ 32+42 √(12)2+(5)2 −9 9 −15 15
=− =−
3 x +4 y−7
=±
12 x +5 y+17 √3 2
+4 2 5 and √6 2
+8 2 10
5 13 . Hence distance between both the lines are
35. (c) The equation of bisector of acute angle formed between
the lines 4 x−3 y+7=0 and 3 x−4 y+14=0 is
9
|− − − |=
5
15
10( ) 3
10 .
4 x−3 y +7 3 x−4 y +14
=− Ailter: Put y=0 in the first equation, we get x=3
√16 +9 √16+9 therefore, the point (3, 0) lies on it. So the required
 7 x−7 y+21=0  x− y+3=0 . distance between these two lines is the perpendicular
length of the line 6 x+8 y=15 from the point (3, 0). i.e.,
36. (d) Here,
2−0 6×3−15 3
m1= =1⇒ θ1 =45 o =
Slope of I diagonal=
st 2−0 √6 +8
2 2 10 .
2−0 15 −4×15 −20
m2= =∞⇒ θ2 =90 o y= , x= =
1−1 4. (a) Points of intersection are 17 3×17 17
Slope of IInd diagonal=


θ2 −θ1 =45 o =
π
4 .
D=|
(5
−20
17 )−2 ( )
15
17 130
|=
37. (c) Y
O
R(3, 33) Therefore √ 29 17. √ 29 .
5. (a) Let the point (h, k) then h+k =4 ..…(i)
60o
X X
P(–1, 0) Q(0, 0)

Y
 Straight Line 611

√ 3= √
4 h+3 k−10 1/ 5
1=± ⇒ 4 h+3 k =15
and 4 +3 √ 2 2
…..(ii)  BD
and 4 h+3 k=5 …..(iii) 1
On solving (i) and (ii); and (i) and (iii), we get the required BD=
points (3, 1) and (–7, 11).  √ 15
Trick : Check with options. Obviously, points (3, 1) and
x+ y=4 and perpendicular BC=2BD=2 / √ 15 .
(–7,11) lie on distance of
these points from 4 x+3 y=10 is 1.
(√b √ a −b cos θ+0−ab
)( √−b √ a −b cosθ−ab
)
2 2 2 2

ab a +b 1
2
1 1 1
2
p= = 2 ⇒ 2 + 2= 2 b2 cos 2 θ+a 2 sin2 θ b2 cos 2 θ+a 2 sin 2 θ
6. (d) √a +b 2 2 2 2
or a b p a b p .
14. (b)
2 2 2 2 2 2
−[b ( a −b ) cos θ−a b ]
''
y −y ' =
(b2 cos 2 θ+a2 sin2 θ)
' '
y− y = ( x−x )
7. (b) Straight line x ' ' −x'
b2 [ a2 −a2 cos 2 θ+b 2 cos2 θ ]
x ' ( y ' ' − y ' )− y ' ( x '' −x ' ) =
= b2 cos 2 θ+a2 sin 2 θ
Length of perpendicular √(x ' ' −x ' )2+( y' ' − y ' )2 b2 [ a2 sin 2 θ+ b2 cos 2 θ ]
= 2
x' y' '− y' x' ' b2 cos 2 θ+a 2 sin 2 θ = b .
=
√( x '' −x' )2+( y'' − y ' )2 θ=
π
Note : Students should remember this question as a Trick : Let a=2,b=1 and 2 ,then the points are
formula.
(± √3, 0) ( √3 ,0)
−k ' −k cos2 α and the line is y = 1. Length from on
p=| | p =| | y=1 (− √3,0)
8. (c) Here √ sec2 α+cosec2 α , √ cos2 α +sin2 α is 1 and that of from is also 1. Hence
product is 1×1=1 , which is given by (b).
4 k2 k 2 ( cos2 α−sin 2 α )2
4 p 2 + p¿ =
(b) Lines 3 x+4 y +2=0 and 3 x+4 y +5=0 are on the
+
Hence
2 2
sec α +cosec α 1 15.
2 2 2 2 4 4
same side of the origin. The distance between these lines is
=4 k sin α cos α+k ( cos α+sin α ) 2−5 3
2 2 2 d 1 =| |=
2 2 2 2 2
−2 k cos α sin α
√3 2+4 2 5
.
=k (sin α+cos α ) =k .
Lines 3 x+4 y +2=0 and 3 x+4 y−5=0 are on the
7 7 opposite sides of the origin. The distance between these
=
9. (a) Required distance = √(12 ) +5
2 2 13
. d 2 =|
2+5
|=
7
4(3 )+3(1)+20
=7 lines is √3 +4 2 2 5
.
10. (b) Required length 5 .
Thus 3 x+4 y +2=0 divides the distance between
p1 p2
11. (d) Let the distance of both lines are and from origin, 3 x+4 y +5=0 and 3 x+4 y−5=0 in the ratio
8 3 d 1 :d 2
p1 =− p2 =− i.e., 3 :7 .
then 5 and 5 . Hence distance between
5 0+0−1 1 1 1
=|p1 ~ p2|= =1 2 p=| |⇒ 2 + 2 = 2

√
5
both the lines . 1 1 a b 4p
15 +
12. (c) 4 x+3 y=11 and
4 x +3 y=
2 16. (c) We have a2 b 2
15 1 1 2 1 1 1
+ 2= 2 ⇒ 2 , 2 , 2
11−  a
2
b 8p a 8 p b are in A. P.
2 7
D=| |= 2 2 2
a ,8 p , p are in H.P .
Therefore, 5 10 .


2−2−1 1 17. (a) The line is 4 x−3 y−12=0

|AD|=| |= A (2, –1)
=12/5 .
13. (b) √12+2 2
√5 Hence the required length

AD
tan 60 °=
BD

60o
C
B D
x + 2y –1 = 0
 612 Straight Line

18. (b) ∴ Distance between two lines =

bx+cy−a=0
11 11
d= =
⇒ 2 √ 13 √ 52 .
19. (c) Trick : From option (c),
P (x, y)

(1, 1)A B (3, – 2)

BP=√(5−3 )2 +(7+2)2 =√ 4 +81= √ 85

Hence option (c) is correct.
−2−3−5 10
p=| |= =5 √ 2
20. (a) √1+1 √ 2 .