DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF ACTION INDICATION SIDE EFFECTS NURSING

RESPONSIBILITIES

GENERIC NAME: Lowers blood glucose level by To improve glycemic control in CNS: headache, pyrexia BEFORE:
Insulin Glargine stimulating peripheral glucose adults with diabetes mellitus CV: peripheral edema Administer by subcutaneous
uptake by binding to insulin EENT: pharyngitis, rhinitis injection only in the thigh,
BRAND NAME: receptors on skeletal muscle GI: abdominal pain, abdominal wall, or upper arm.
Toujeo and in fat cells, and by gastroenteritis, nausea, Rotate sites within same region
inhibiting hepatic glucose CONTRAINDICATION: vomiting from one injection to the next
CLASSIFICATION: production; also inhibits Contraindicated during Metabolic: hypoglycemia, to reduce risk of lipodystrophy
Antidiabetic lipolysis and proteolysis, and episodes of hypoglycemia or sodium retention, weight gain
enhances protein synthesis diabetic ketoacidosis Musculoskeletal: back pain Inspect visually for particulate
DOSAGE: Use cautiously in elderly Respiratory: URI, bronchitis, matter and discoloration before
20 “U” patients, who may be at risk cough administration, whenever
for increased sensitivity to Skin: injection-site reactions, solution and container permit;
ROUTE: drugs effects. Signs and lipodystrophy, pruritus, rash use only if solution appears
Subcutaneous symptoms of hypoglycemia Other: allergic reactions, clear and colorless
may be more difficult to flulike symptoms
FREQUENCY: recognize in these patients Instructions for priming and
OD Use cautiously in patients using pens vary from one to
susceptible to hypokalemia another, are very detailed, and
TIMING: such as patients who are involve multiple steps. Refer to
8AM fasting, are taking potassium- manufacturer’s instructions for
lowering drugs, or concurrently use
taking drugs that may affect
potassium level DURING:
Monitor patient carefully for
signs and symptoms of
hypoglycemia, especially in
long-standing disease

Instruct patient to keep hard

candy or glucose tablets on
hand to treat mild cases of
hypoglycemia

Teach patient that alcohol may

affect glucose levels and should
be avoided
AFTER:
Assess patient for signs and
symptoms of hypoglycemia
(sweating, shaking, trembling,
confusion) and hyperglycemia
(drowsiness, fruity breath odor,
frequent urination, thirst).
Notify prescriber if any of these
signs or symptoms occur

Inform patient that any insulin

change should be made
cautiously and only under
medical supervision

Instruct patient not to stop

insulin abruptly or change
amount injected without
consulting prescriber